Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000602
Uddin As
The dissolution and disintegration tests (USP) are extensively useful for the determination of the safe and effective drugs as well as used for the stability and quality of the drug product. The purpose of the study was to observe the disintegration and dissolution profile (UV spectrophotometer), and estimation of the quality through weight variation and hardness test of different brands of Linezolid 600 mg tablets from Karachi, Pakistan. The weight variation test for all the brands was found to be under normal limits and the hardness of all the brands was also within normal limits. The tablet disintegration time was as per the specifications and all the tablets were disintegrated within 30 minutes except for brand C3, which disintegrates within 3.98 minutes and provided better disintegration time. Although, all the brands showed better dissolution rate, but the percent drug release of C1 was found to be the best, i.e. 100% drug was dissolved in 30 minutes in contrast to the different brands. Dissolution test is comparatively an efficient and cost effective in vitro approach that can be helpful in the assessment of the release attributes of formulation. It was found that brand C1 and C2 exhibited better dissolution profile as compared to other brands. Although, C3 and C4 were also found to be under the limits i.e. 80 % of the label amount of the drug.
{"title":"Comparative Dissolution and Disintegration Study of Different Brands of Linezolid 600 mg Tablets Available in Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Uddin As","doi":"10.4172/2153-2435.1000602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-2435.1000602","url":null,"abstract":"The dissolution and disintegration tests (USP) are extensively useful for the determination of the safe and effective drugs as well as used for the stability and quality of the drug product. The purpose of the study was to observe the disintegration and dissolution profile (UV spectrophotometer), and estimation of the quality through weight variation and hardness test of different brands of Linezolid 600 mg tablets from Karachi, Pakistan. The weight variation test for all the brands was found to be under normal limits and the hardness of all the brands was also within normal limits. The tablet disintegration time was as per the specifications and all the tablets were disintegrated within 30 minutes except for brand C3, which disintegrates within 3.98 minutes and provided better disintegration time. Although, all the brands showed better dissolution rate, but the percent drug release of C1 was found to be the best, i.e. 100% drug was dissolved in 30 minutes in contrast to the different brands. Dissolution test is comparatively an efficient and cost effective in vitro approach that can be helpful in the assessment of the release attributes of formulation. It was found that brand C1 and C2 exhibited better dissolution profile as compared to other brands. Although, C3 and C4 were also found to be under the limits i.e. 80 % of the label amount of the drug.","PeriodicalId":19833,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75547464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000585
Tyagi A, S. Pk, Malviya R
The blood-retinal barrier is the one of the earliest retinal changes in diabetes. The blood retinal barrier is a physiological barrier that regulates ion, protein and water flux in inner and outer retina. In blood-retinal barrier function vitreous fluorophotometry technique is an excellent technique to quantitate. The two most relevant retinal diseases are diabetic retinopathy and age related macular degeneration (AMD), are directly associated with alterations of the Blood retinal barrier (BRB). In this review, the authors also mentioned tracer molecules for evaluating the blood retinal barrier integrity.
{"title":"Role of Blood Retinal Barrier in Drug Absorption","authors":"Tyagi A, S. Pk, Malviya R","doi":"10.4172/2153-2435.1000585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-2435.1000585","url":null,"abstract":"The blood-retinal barrier is the one of the earliest retinal changes in diabetes. The blood retinal barrier is a physiological barrier that regulates ion, protein and water flux in inner and outer retina. In blood-retinal barrier function vitreous fluorophotometry technique is an excellent technique to quantitate. The two most relevant retinal diseases are diabetic retinopathy and age related macular degeneration (AMD), are directly associated with alterations of the Blood retinal barrier (BRB). In this review, the authors also mentioned tracer molecules for evaluating the blood retinal barrier integrity.","PeriodicalId":19833,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta","volume":"89 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83440708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000E195
Purohit Ss
Safety in the chemistry laboratory is undoubtedly a primary concern as safe environment at any workplace ensures the better quality and productivity. The death of Marie Curie due to aplastic anemia brought on by exposure to radiation while carrying test tubes of radium in her pockets during her research is a wellknown example that proves the importance of safety in the field of chemistry. Fatal accidents occurred in the academic laboratories in the recent past have drawn the attention of federal authorities and media and have thus highlighting the importance of teaching and implementation of laboratory safety in the academic settings [1-8]. It is crucial to develop a genuine safety culture in research and teaching laboratories in the academic institutions. Hence, formalized safety training must be enforced not just to the students but also to the faculty and nonteaching staff personnel.
{"title":"Implementing Laboratory Safety in the Academic Settings","authors":"Purohit Ss","doi":"10.4172/2153-2435.1000E195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-2435.1000E195","url":null,"abstract":"Safety in the chemistry laboratory is undoubtedly a primary concern as safe environment at any workplace ensures the better quality and productivity. The death of Marie Curie due to aplastic anemia brought on by exposure to radiation while carrying test tubes of radium in her pockets during her research is a wellknown example that proves the importance of safety in the field of chemistry. Fatal accidents occurred in the academic laboratories in the recent past have drawn the attention of federal authorities and media and have thus highlighting the importance of teaching and implementation of laboratory safety in the academic settings [1-8]. It is crucial to develop a genuine safety culture in research and teaching laboratories in the academic institutions. Hence, formalized safety training must be enforced not just to the students but also to the faculty and nonteaching staff personnel.","PeriodicalId":19833,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89770062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000593
Aah Abdellatif
Greatest idealized per-oral sustained action products have been formulated in the form of oral dosage forms such as capsules or tablets. The characteristic trouble of preparing sustained action liquids has controlled the availability of such dosage forms. Encapsulated long-acting dosage forms have two particular benefits over capsules and tablet designs. Firstly, the inability to be disintegrated which may persist in the stomach for long periods of time, extremely suspending in the stomach and retard the absorption of maintenance dose. Secondly, the disintegration of the capsule shell in the gastric fluid releases particles that pass across the pyloric valve. Also, the release of drug by a meaningful fraction of the granules is highly possible. If a tablet fails to release drug, the entire maintenance dose is lost. This review discusses the different methods for enhancing the sustained drug action.
{"title":"Design of Sustained Action Dosage Forms; Mini-Review","authors":"Aah Abdellatif","doi":"10.4172/2153-2435.1000593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-2435.1000593","url":null,"abstract":"Greatest idealized per-oral sustained action products have been formulated in the form of oral dosage forms such as capsules or tablets. The characteristic trouble of preparing sustained action liquids has controlled the availability of such dosage forms. Encapsulated long-acting dosage forms have two particular benefits over capsules and tablet designs. Firstly, the inability to be disintegrated which may persist in the stomach for long periods of time, extremely suspending in the stomach and retard the absorption of maintenance dose. Secondly, the disintegration of the capsule shell in the gastric fluid releases particles that pass across the pyloric valve. Also, the release of drug by a meaningful fraction of the granules is highly possible. If a tablet fails to release drug, the entire maintenance dose is lost. This review discusses the different methods for enhancing the sustained drug action.","PeriodicalId":19833,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80037570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000595
S. Islam, Murugan, P. Kumari, N. Shabbhag
A simple reverse- phase high performance liquid chromatographic method (RP-HPLC) was developed for quantification of the related compounds in Cyclophosphamide. The chromatographic separation was achieved with C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm particle size) with gradient elution composed of 0.02 M Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH-7.0) as mobile phase-A and 60:40% v/v Acetonitrile / Water as mobile phase-B at a flow rate of 0.8 mL /min and column compartment maintained at 40° C for separation. Detection was carried out at 195 nm. The correlation coefficient (≥0.99) shows the linearity response against concentration over the range of Limit of Quantification (LOQ). Precision studies showed the Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) values less than 5% for Cyclophosphamide and its related compounds. The method was substantiated with respect to specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy, limit of quantification, and robustness. The proposed method could be used for routine analysis of Cyclophosphamide formulations.
建立了一种简便的反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)定量测定环磷酰胺中有关化合物的方法。色谱柱为C18 (250 × 4.6 mm，粒径为5µm)，流动相为0.02 m磷酸二氢钾(pH-7.0)，流动相为60:40% v/v乙腈/水，梯度洗脱，流速为0.8 mL /min，柱室保持在40°C进行分离。在195 nm处进行检测。相关系数≥0.99，在定量限(LOQ)范围内与浓度呈线性关系。精密度研究表明，环磷酰胺及其相关化合物的相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。方法在特异性、精密度、线性度、准确度、定量限和稳健性等方面进行了验证。该方法可用于环磷酰胺制剂的常规分析。
{"title":"Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Quantification of Related Compounds in Cyclophosphamide","authors":"S. Islam, Murugan, P. Kumari, N. Shabbhag","doi":"10.4172/2153-2435.1000595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-2435.1000595","url":null,"abstract":"A simple reverse- phase high performance liquid chromatographic method (RP-HPLC) was developed for quantification of the related compounds in Cyclophosphamide. The chromatographic separation was achieved with C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm particle size) with gradient elution composed of 0.02 M Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH-7.0) as mobile phase-A and 60:40% v/v Acetonitrile / Water as mobile phase-B at a flow rate of 0.8 mL /min and column compartment maintained at 40° C for separation. Detection was carried out at 195 nm. The correlation coefficient (≥0.99) shows the linearity response against concentration over the range of Limit of Quantification (LOQ). Precision studies showed the Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) values less than 5% for Cyclophosphamide and its related compounds. The method was substantiated with respect to specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy, limit of quantification, and robustness. The proposed method could be used for routine analysis of Cyclophosphamide formulations.","PeriodicalId":19833,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86777637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000590
H. Shafi, N. Din, Muhammad Imran, M. Sarwar, M. Tahir, S. Khursheed
A simple, precise and sensitive reversed-phase HPLC method using Photo-diode array detector for simultaneous determination of dextromethorphan (DXM) and chlorpheniramine (CLP) in various matrices had been developed and validated. The separation was achieved within 8 minutes on a C-18 column (15 cm x 4.6 mm x 5 μm) using methanol/ pH 3.0 potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (60:40, v/v) mobile phase in an isocratic elution mode with flow rate 0.8 mL/min and UV-detection at 230 nm. External standard was employed for quantification. The current method demonstrated good linearity ranged 1-200 μg/mL for CLP (retention time 3.83 ± 0.10 min) with r2 of 0.9994 and 2-1000 μg/mL for DXM (retention time 5.02 ± 0.10 min) with R2 of 0.9993. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.25 μg/mL and 1.0 μg/mL for CLP and 0.50 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL for DXM. No interference from matrices was observed and samples remained stable in the HPLC injector for 12 h. The developed method was accurate that employed a simple liquid/liquid extraction procedure with recovery ranged 90.0%-101.9% for both analytes. Intra and inter-day precision were less than 2.5%. The method was proved robust and reproducible that is applicable to pharmaceutical (active raw materials, syrups) and biological (blood) matrices.
{"title":"Validated Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatographic Method for Simultaneous Determination of Dextromethorphan and Chlorpheniramine in Non-biological and Biological Matrices Using PDA Detector","authors":"H. Shafi, N. Din, Muhammad Imran, M. Sarwar, M. Tahir, S. Khursheed","doi":"10.4172/2153-2435.1000590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-2435.1000590","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, precise and sensitive reversed-phase HPLC method using Photo-diode array detector for simultaneous determination of dextromethorphan (DXM) and chlorpheniramine (CLP) in various matrices had been developed and validated. The separation was achieved within 8 minutes on a C-18 column (15 cm x 4.6 mm x 5 μm) using methanol/ pH 3.0 potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (60:40, v/v) mobile phase in an isocratic elution mode with flow rate 0.8 mL/min and UV-detection at 230 nm. External standard was employed for quantification. The current method demonstrated good linearity ranged 1-200 μg/mL for CLP (retention time 3.83 ± 0.10 min) with r2 of 0.9994 and 2-1000 μg/mL for DXM (retention time 5.02 ± 0.10 min) with R2 of 0.9993. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.25 μg/mL and 1.0 μg/mL for CLP and 0.50 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL for DXM. No interference from matrices was observed and samples remained stable in the HPLC injector for 12 h. The developed method was accurate that employed a simple liquid/liquid extraction procedure with recovery ranged 90.0%-101.9% for both analytes. Intra and inter-day precision were less than 2.5%. The method was proved robust and reproducible that is applicable to pharmaceutical (active raw materials, syrups) and biological (blood) matrices.","PeriodicalId":19833,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta","volume":"239 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76749847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000587
T. Aomori, J. Qi, Y. Okada, Katsunori Nakamura, H. Hiraoka, T. Araki, Tomonori Nakamura, R. Horiuchi, Koujirou Yamamoto
Objective: Raspberry ketone (RK) is available as a supplement with effect on weight gain suppression. Recent studies have found that various herbal products can affect the activities of drug metabolizing enzymes and drug efflux proteins, and provoke clinically relevant drug-drug interactions. Capsaicin, a molecule having a similar chemical structure to RK, is another well-known cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitor. On the other hand, it is totally unclear whether RK has any effect on human CYP activities. In this study, we evaluated the effect of orally administered RK on CYP3A activity by measuring 6beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol ratio in urine samples. Methods: This clinical study was conducted with approval by the Institutional Review Board at Gunma University Hospital. A total of 7 healthy women aged between 20 and 35 years were included and all of them provided written informed consent. Urine samples were collected from all subjects on the morning of day 5 (± 1 day) of menstrual cycle. In the subsequent RK phase, subjects took 3 tablets (16.7 mg/tab) of RK 3 times daily for 7 days, followed by urine sampling on the morning of day 8. In the control phase, the second morning urine sampling was performed 8 days after the first sampling. Urine 6 beta-hydroxycortisol and cortisol concentrations were measured by HPLC UV method and the 6 beta-hydroxycortisol to cortisol ratio was compared between the two phases. Results: The mean basal and assessment ratios in the RK phase were 7.49 ± 4.76 and 9.20 ± 8.05, respectively, while the corresponding ratios in the control phase were 5.36 ± 3.17 and 5.19 ± 4.61, showing no significant difference in either phase. Conclusion: RK does not affect CYP3A activity.
{"title":"Effect of a Dietary Supplement Containing Raspberry Ketone on CYP3A Activity in Healthy Women","authors":"T. Aomori, J. Qi, Y. Okada, Katsunori Nakamura, H. Hiraoka, T. Araki, Tomonori Nakamura, R. Horiuchi, Koujirou Yamamoto","doi":"10.4172/2153-2435.1000587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-2435.1000587","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Raspberry ketone (RK) is available as a supplement with effect on weight gain suppression. Recent studies have found that various herbal products can affect the activities of drug metabolizing enzymes and drug efflux proteins, and provoke clinically relevant drug-drug interactions. Capsaicin, a molecule having a similar chemical structure to RK, is another well-known cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitor. On the other hand, it is totally unclear whether RK has any effect on human CYP activities. In this study, we evaluated the effect of orally administered RK on CYP3A activity by measuring 6beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol ratio in urine samples. Methods: This clinical study was conducted with approval by the Institutional Review Board at Gunma University Hospital. A total of 7 healthy women aged between 20 and 35 years were included and all of them provided written informed consent. Urine samples were collected from all subjects on the morning of day 5 (± 1 day) of menstrual cycle. In the subsequent RK phase, subjects took 3 tablets (16.7 mg/tab) of RK 3 times daily for 7 days, followed by urine sampling on the morning of day 8. In the control phase, the second morning urine sampling was performed 8 days after the first sampling. Urine 6 beta-hydroxycortisol and cortisol concentrations were measured by HPLC UV method and the 6 beta-hydroxycortisol to cortisol ratio was compared between the two phases. Results: The mean basal and assessment ratios in the RK phase were 7.49 ± 4.76 and 9.20 ± 8.05, respectively, while the corresponding ratios in the control phase were 5.36 ± 3.17 and 5.19 ± 4.61, showing no significant difference in either phase. Conclusion: RK does not affect CYP3A activity.","PeriodicalId":19833,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87284883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000594
Ajay Kumar, P. Chawla, P. Porwal, R. Rawal, D. Anghore
Method has been validated by using spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques for Mefenamic acid (MEF), Dicyclomine Hydrochloride (DCL) and Pamabrom (PABr) in bulk powder and in pharmaceutical formulations, with a high degree of specificity, selectivity and assurances, method for the drug combination has been not reported. The objectives were to develop and validate a simple, precise and accurate UV and RPHPLC method for simultaneous estimation of mefenamic acid, dicyclomine hydrochloride and pamabrom from multicomponent tablet dosage form. The first Vierdot’s method was performed and absorption maxima of MEF, DCL and PABr at 285, 218 and 278 nm, respectively. Calibration graphs were established in the range of 2-24 μg/mL. The retention time were found to be 5.789, 2.522 and 4.284 min. respectively. UV and HPLC methods were developed and validated for pharmaceutical dosages forms.
{"title":"Development and Validation of Mefenamic Acid, Dicyclomine HCl and Pamabrom in Marketed Formulation by HPLC","authors":"Ajay Kumar, P. Chawla, P. Porwal, R. Rawal, D. Anghore","doi":"10.4172/2153-2435.1000594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-2435.1000594","url":null,"abstract":"Method has been validated by using spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques for Mefenamic acid (MEF), Dicyclomine Hydrochloride (DCL) and Pamabrom (PABr) in bulk powder and in pharmaceutical formulations, with a high degree of specificity, selectivity and assurances, method for the drug combination has been not reported. The objectives were to develop and validate a simple, precise and accurate UV and RPHPLC method for simultaneous estimation of mefenamic acid, dicyclomine hydrochloride and pamabrom from multicomponent tablet dosage form. The first Vierdot’s method was performed and absorption maxima of MEF, DCL and PABr at 285, 218 and 278 nm, respectively. Calibration graphs were established in the range of 2-24 μg/mL. The retention time were found to be 5.789, 2.522 and 4.284 min. respectively. UV and HPLC methods were developed and validated for pharmaceutical dosages forms.","PeriodicalId":19833,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85404256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2153-2435.1000596
H. Suresh, M. Low, Mariam Jarouche, Gang Zheng, Lin Zhang, Samiuela Lee, Jarryd L Pearson, D. Power, Swastika Singh, C. G. Li, C. Khoo
There is global demand for better quality control (QC) of medicinal herbs including standardisation of bioactive chemical components and pharmacological testing. The quantitative variability of key chemical markers in A. sinensis, G. uralensis and R. rosea from several sources and the pharmacological activity was determined to confirm that the chemical markers’ variability is linked to the biological activity. To quantify the chemical variation, three novel, simple and rapid UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS methods were developed and validated. The qualitative chemical variability of the bio-actives was further studied using 1H NMR metabolomics and principal component analysis (PCA). The pharmacological anti-inflammatory activity of the commercials extracts and marker compounds was assessed using the Griess reagent NO scavenging assay. The A. sinensis samples exhibited the greatest chemical fold-variation while G. uralensis showed the least chemical variability. R. rosea samples indicate the presence of other Rhodiola sub-species. The PCA clustering was consistent with observed trends and identified adulteration. The bioactivity of the selected marker compounds was linked to the extracts activity. The use of PCA analysis and in vitro anti-inflammatory testing improve and provide rationale for better QC of herbal extracts.
{"title":"The chemical and pharmacological variability of key bio-actives present in commercially available Angelica sinensis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Rhodiola rosea samples","authors":"H. Suresh, M. Low, Mariam Jarouche, Gang Zheng, Lin Zhang, Samiuela Lee, Jarryd L Pearson, D. Power, Swastika Singh, C. G. Li, C. Khoo","doi":"10.4172/2153-2435.1000596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-2435.1000596","url":null,"abstract":"There is global demand for better quality control (QC) of medicinal herbs including standardisation of bioactive chemical components and pharmacological testing. The quantitative variability of key chemical markers in A. sinensis, G. uralensis and R. rosea from several sources and the pharmacological activity was determined to confirm that the chemical markers’ variability is linked to the biological activity. To quantify the chemical variation, three novel, simple and rapid UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS methods were developed and validated. The qualitative chemical variability of the bio-actives was further studied using 1H NMR metabolomics and principal component analysis (PCA). The pharmacological anti-inflammatory activity of the commercials extracts and marker compounds was assessed using the Griess reagent NO scavenging assay. The A. sinensis samples exhibited the greatest chemical fold-variation while G. uralensis showed the least chemical variability. R. rosea samples indicate the presence of other Rhodiola sub-species. The PCA clustering was consistent with observed trends and identified adulteration. The bioactivity of the selected marker compounds was linked to the extracts activity. The use of PCA analysis and in vitro anti-inflammatory testing improve and provide rationale for better QC of herbal extracts.","PeriodicalId":19833,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88026032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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