Pub Date : 2019-10-21DOI: 10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00259
V. Subramanian
Dementia syndrome is characterized by a progressive deterioration of cortical functioning including language, judgment , comprehension, memory, thinking and new learning.1 Dementia is common among patients with neurodegenerative disorders and substance abuse.2 In Asia pacific region the prevalence of dementia in 2015 is 23 million.1 Dementia syndrome consists of behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) such as non-cognitive disturbances including affective symptoms like anxiety, depression, irritability, psychotic symptoms like delusions, hallucinations ,behavioral disorders like insomnia, wandering, aggression, agitation, eating and sexual disorders.3
{"title":"Quetiapine versus risperidone in the pharmacotherapy of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: an open labelled study","authors":"V. Subramanian","doi":"10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00259","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia syndrome is characterized by a progressive deterioration of cortical functioning including language, judgment , comprehension, memory, thinking and new learning.1 Dementia is common among patients with neurodegenerative disorders and substance abuse.2 In Asia pacific region the prevalence of dementia in 2015 is 23 million.1 Dementia syndrome consists of behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) such as non-cognitive disturbances including affective symptoms like anxiety, depression, irritability, psychotic symptoms like delusions, hallucinations ,behavioral disorders like insomnia, wandering, aggression, agitation, eating and sexual disorders.3","PeriodicalId":19839,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87405734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-11DOI: 10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00258
P. Lutgen, F. Cissé, P. Vandamme, B. Sy
Dermatophytosis, also known as ringworm or tinea, is caused by a group of fungi that infect keratinized tissues in human and animals and are known as dermatophytes. Infection occurs through different ways such as contacting with contaminated soil, hair, or animal scales, and infected individuals. After adhering to keratinized tissues, such as nail, hair, and stratum corneum, dermatophytes release enzymes which break and damage keratinized tissues.
{"title":"Artemisia and beeswax against Tinea capitis (teigne tondante)","authors":"P. Lutgen, F. Cissé, P. Vandamme, B. Sy","doi":"10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00258","url":null,"abstract":"Dermatophytosis, also known as ringworm or tinea, is caused by a group of fungi that infect keratinized tissues in human and animals and are known as dermatophytes. Infection occurs through different ways such as contacting with contaminated soil, hair, or animal scales, and infected individuals. After adhering to keratinized tissues, such as nail, hair, and stratum corneum, dermatophytes release enzymes which break and damage keratinized tissues.","PeriodicalId":19839,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86682060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-08DOI: 10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00257
Ozan Emre Eyupoglu
The discussions of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between drugs and medicinal plants has been put forward, especially with medicinal herbs that can interact with antidiabetic drugs. In addition to their treatment, many diabetic patients are known to use herbal medicines that have both antidiabetic effects and potential benefits.1 Approximately 72.8% of people with diabetes use herbal medicine and dietary supplements.2 Interactions between herbal mixtures and medicines may increase the effectiveness of antidiabetic agents. For example, antidiabetic drugs have been shown to increase blood glucose-lowering effects with agrimony.3 Many anti-diabetic drugs are substrates of the CYP450 enzyme system, and many medicinal plants may also affect this system. For example, ginkgo inhibits CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, while St John’s wort inhibits CYP2C and CYP3A.4 Some of the commonly used antidiabetic drugs include pancreatic beta-cell receptors, α-glucosidase inhibitors, e.g., acarbose, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor activators, e.g., thiazolidindiones.5 Many of these plants which include bio-active molecules such as peptides, alkaloids, lipids, terpenoids, amines, sulphur compounds, coumarins, steroids, flavonoids, and inorganic ions, have been used in traditional medicine as antidiabetics.6 As the use of herbal medicines increases, short-term or long-term toxicity due to side effects, overdose, hypersensitivity can be detected by pharmacodynamics or pharmacovigilance.7 In 2010, as a good example practice, the Upsala monitoring center created a database of 4 million reports on about approximately 21000 herbal products from 100 countries in the World.7 In the US, herbal products are classified as botanicals or dietary supplements, not medicines. In Europe, the definition of a herbal product as a food or medicine may have a significant effect on pharmacovigilance, as there is no legal requirement for food supplements.7 Classifications of adverse reactions of herbal medicines in orthodox medicine were formed as Type A (acute); dose-dependent, Type B (specific); not dose-dependent, Type C (chronic): cumulative effect, Type D (onset); genotoxic, carcinogenic.8
{"title":"Measurements and monitorings dependent color intensity of drugs and food supplements interactions with textile dyes between TLC plates by using rope printing technique","authors":"Ozan Emre Eyupoglu","doi":"10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00257","url":null,"abstract":"The discussions of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between drugs and medicinal plants has been put forward, especially with medicinal herbs that can interact with antidiabetic drugs. In addition to their treatment, many diabetic patients are known to use herbal medicines that have both antidiabetic effects and potential benefits.1 Approximately 72.8% of people with diabetes use herbal medicine and dietary supplements.2 Interactions between herbal mixtures and medicines may increase the effectiveness of antidiabetic agents. For example, antidiabetic drugs have been shown to increase blood glucose-lowering effects with agrimony.3 Many anti-diabetic drugs are substrates of the CYP450 enzyme system, and many medicinal plants may also affect this system. For example, ginkgo inhibits CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, while St John’s wort inhibits CYP2C and CYP3A.4 Some of the commonly used antidiabetic drugs include pancreatic beta-cell receptors, α-glucosidase inhibitors, e.g., acarbose, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor activators, e.g., thiazolidindiones.5 Many of these plants which include bio-active molecules such as peptides, alkaloids, lipids, terpenoids, amines, sulphur compounds, coumarins, steroids, flavonoids, and inorganic ions, have been used in traditional medicine as antidiabetics.6 As the use of herbal medicines increases, short-term or long-term toxicity due to side effects, overdose, hypersensitivity can be detected by pharmacodynamics or pharmacovigilance.7 In 2010, as a good example practice, the Upsala monitoring center created a database of 4 million reports on about approximately 21000 herbal products from 100 countries in the World.7 In the US, herbal products are classified as botanicals or dietary supplements, not medicines. In Europe, the definition of a herbal product as a food or medicine may have a significant effect on pharmacovigilance, as there is no legal requirement for food supplements.7 Classifications of adverse reactions of herbal medicines in orthodox medicine were formed as Type A (acute); dose-dependent, Type B (specific); not dose-dependent, Type C (chronic): cumulative effect, Type D (onset); genotoxic, carcinogenic.8","PeriodicalId":19839,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85775709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-26DOI: 10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00256
F. Zohora, C. M. Hasan, M. Ahsan
Rutaceae, the rue family, composed of 160 genera and about 2,070 species of woody shrubs and trees and is distributed in warm temperate and tropical regions.1 The members of Rutaceae family have been used in perfumery, gastronomy, and traditional medicine and several publications have reported the presence of secondary chemical constituents.2 Phytochemical survey of this family reveals alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, limonoids, and volatile oils3 and these have been associated to different biological activities, for example, antimicrobial,4 antidiarrhoeal,5 anticholinesterasic,6 antileishmanial,7 antiprotozoal,8 larvicidal,9 and antioxidant activities.10
{"title":"Chemical constituents, cytotoxic activities and traditional uses of Micromelum minutum (Rutaceae): a review","authors":"F. Zohora, C. M. Hasan, M. Ahsan","doi":"10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00256","url":null,"abstract":"Rutaceae, the rue family, composed of 160 genera and about 2,070 species of woody shrubs and trees and is distributed in warm temperate and tropical regions.1 The members of Rutaceae family have been used in perfumery, gastronomy, and traditional medicine and several publications have reported the presence of secondary chemical constituents.2 Phytochemical survey of this family reveals alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, limonoids, and volatile oils3 and these have been associated to different biological activities, for example, antimicrobial,4 antidiarrhoeal,5 anticholinesterasic,6 antileishmanial,7 antiprotozoal,8 larvicidal,9 and antioxidant activities.10","PeriodicalId":19839,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89367647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-13DOI: 10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00254
Wilfred Mbacham, Josiane Myriam Meli Tiabou, A. Boula, J. Taguebue, H. Kamga, J. N. Libwea, Sandrine Bebey, Madeleine Ngo Baleba, Eric Nkolo, Emilia Lyonga-Mbamyah, David Mekontso, M. Kobela, A. Nzouankeu, Regis Tanga Tanga, Brenda Kwambana Adams, J. Mwenda, M. Antonio, P. K. Ndombo, S. K. Shiro
Abbreviations: S, Streptococcus; WHO, world health organization; N. m, Neisseria meningitis; Hi, Haemophilus. influenzae; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; EPI, Expanded Immunization Program; MCC-CBF, Mother and Child Center, Chantal Biya Foundation; PBM, pediatric bacterial meningitis; CDC, centers for disease control and prevention; TI, trans-isolate; TSA, trypticase soy agar; BHI, brain heart infusion; RRL, regional reference laboratory ; MRCG, medical research council, Gambia; CLSI, clinical and laboratory standards institute; MIC, minimal inhibitory concentration; ATCC, American type culture collection; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PNSSP, penicillin-non susceptible S. pneumoniae; E. coli, Escherichia coli; IPD, invasive pneumococcal diseases; DLMEP, direction de la Lutte contre la Maladie, les Épidémies et les Pandémies (Cameroon’s Department of Disease Control); NICD, national institute for communicable diseases; CRDM, centre for respiratory diseases and meningitis; BTC, biotechnology centre; UYI, University of Yaounde
缩写词:S，链球菌;卫生组织，世界卫生组织;N. m .脑膜炎奈瑟菌;嗨,嗜血杆菌。流感嗜血杆菌;CSF，脑脊液;PCV，肺炎球菌结合疫苗;扩大免疫规划;Chantal Biya基金会母婴中心MCC-CBF;PBM，儿童细菌性脑膜炎;疾病预防控制中心;TI, trans-isolate;TSA，胰酶大豆琼脂;BHI，脑心输注;区域参考实验室;医学研究理事会，冈比亚;临床和实验室标准协会;MIC:最小抑菌浓度;ATCC，美式字型文化收藏;聚合酶链式反应;PNSSP，青霉素不敏感肺炎链球菌;大肠杆菌;大肠杆菌;IPD，侵袭性肺炎球菌病;喀麦隆疾病控制司(喀麦隆疾病控制司，Épidémies et les pandacimmies);国家传染病研究所;呼吸系统疾病和脑膜炎中心;生物技术中心BTC;雅温得大学
{"title":"Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing bacterial meningitis in children in Yaoundé (Cameroon): results of a surveillance site","authors":"Wilfred Mbacham, Josiane Myriam Meli Tiabou, A. Boula, J. Taguebue, H. Kamga, J. N. Libwea, Sandrine Bebey, Madeleine Ngo Baleba, Eric Nkolo, Emilia Lyonga-Mbamyah, David Mekontso, M. Kobela, A. Nzouankeu, Regis Tanga Tanga, Brenda Kwambana Adams, J. Mwenda, M. Antonio, P. K. Ndombo, S. K. Shiro","doi":"10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00254","url":null,"abstract":"Abbreviations: S, Streptococcus; WHO, world health organization; N. m, Neisseria meningitis; Hi, Haemophilus. influenzae; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; EPI, Expanded Immunization Program; MCC-CBF, Mother and Child Center, Chantal Biya Foundation; PBM, pediatric bacterial meningitis; CDC, centers for disease control and prevention; TI, trans-isolate; TSA, trypticase soy agar; BHI, brain heart infusion; RRL, regional reference laboratory ; MRCG, medical research council, Gambia; CLSI, clinical and laboratory standards institute; MIC, minimal inhibitory concentration; ATCC, American type culture collection; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PNSSP, penicillin-non susceptible S. pneumoniae; E. coli, Escherichia coli; IPD, invasive pneumococcal diseases; DLMEP, direction de la Lutte contre la Maladie, les Épidémies et les Pandémies (Cameroon’s Department of Disease Control); NICD, national institute for communicable diseases; CRDM, centre for respiratory diseases and meningitis; BTC, biotechnology centre; UYI, University of Yaounde","PeriodicalId":19839,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75947035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-12DOI: 10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00253
M. M. Maestre Calderon, Andrea Cristina Riera Robles, Maria Eulalia Lam Astudillo, Jose Francisco Faican Benenaula, Manuel Jesus Tenesaca Tenecela
Abdominal venous system malformations are rare vascular alterations that occur during the embryonic period after the formation of new venous systems. They are generally associated with other malformations, among which are mainly portocava anastomosis and venous duct agenesis with asymmetric cardiac development and intestinal rotation. These anomalies have been described occasionally associated with chromosomal alterations such as trisomy 21.1 The first described case of an Extrahepatic Congenital Portosystemic Shunt (SPCE) was in the year of 1793 by John Abernethy. In 1883, Kiernan described the second case of congenital porto cava anastomosis in an 18-year-old adolescent in whom the hepatic artery was elongated.2 This malformation is classified into two variants according to its anastomosis with the portal vein and its anastomosis with the inferior vena cava (IVC). In type I there is a complete deviation of portal blood to the IVC and the extrahepatic portal vein is absent; while in type II there is a partial portal flow to the liver through a hypoplastic portal vein (VP).Since its discovery 80 cases have been described until 2014 worldwide, the majority of patients under 18 years. Type I malformation occurred in 74% of the reported cases, is present in childhood and is associated with other malformations. Until 2013, 32 cases of type I were reported worldwide.
{"title":"Malformation of Abernethy type 2: presentation of a clinical case and review of literature","authors":"M. M. Maestre Calderon, Andrea Cristina Riera Robles, Maria Eulalia Lam Astudillo, Jose Francisco Faican Benenaula, Manuel Jesus Tenesaca Tenecela","doi":"10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00253","url":null,"abstract":"Abdominal venous system malformations are rare vascular alterations that occur during the embryonic period after the formation of new venous systems. They are generally associated with other malformations, among which are mainly portocava anastomosis and venous duct agenesis with asymmetric cardiac development and intestinal rotation. These anomalies have been described occasionally associated with chromosomal alterations such as trisomy 21.1 The first described case of an Extrahepatic Congenital Portosystemic Shunt (SPCE) was in the year of 1793 by John Abernethy. In 1883, Kiernan described the second case of congenital porto cava anastomosis in an 18-year-old adolescent in whom the hepatic artery was elongated.2 This malformation is classified into two variants according to its anastomosis with the portal vein and its anastomosis with the inferior vena cava (IVC). In type I there is a complete deviation of portal blood to the IVC and the extrahepatic portal vein is absent; while in type II there is a partial portal flow to the liver through a hypoplastic portal vein (VP).Since its discovery 80 cases have been described until 2014 worldwide, the majority of patients under 18 years. Type I malformation occurred in 74% of the reported cases, is present in childhood and is associated with other malformations. Until 2013, 32 cases of type I were reported worldwide.","PeriodicalId":19839,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78851753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-13DOI: 10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00251
S. Abu-Lafi, M. Akkawi, Qassem Abu-Remeleh, M. Qutob, P. Lutgen
Malaria is a parasitic life-threatening disease that has been causing the death of millions around the globe. The latest World Malaria Report of 2018 stated that in 2017, an estimated 219 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide.1 Moreover, Plasmodium falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite mainly in Africa, accounting for 99.7% of estimated malaria cases. Plasmodium vivax however is the predominant parasite in the Americas, representing 74.1% of malaria cases.1 Nowadays, the most widely used synthetic antimalarial drugs such as chloroquine, amodiaquine, artemisinin derivatives and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP), have dramatically lost their efficacy because some strains of P. falciparum have demonstrated high level of resistant.2 Therefore, this has drawn more attention to the urgent need for the development of new novel drugs to treat malaria. During the past ten years, an extensive in-vitro β-hematin inhibition screening on edible food, wild natural plant extracts and/or pure isolates have been engaged in our laboratory.3‒11 The mechanism that links antimalarial effects with the ability to inhibit β-hematin formation has been thoroughly discussed.3‒11 Preparative chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (LC-MS) were used to isolate and identify active phytochemicals present in these foods and/or natural herbs. Although encouraging results were achieved, the ability of the above-mentioned tests to predict activity against in-vivo human malaria has not yet been established.
{"title":"Phytochemical screening of Pomegranate juice, peels, leaves and membranes water extracts and their effect on β- hematin formation, a comparative study ","authors":"S. Abu-Lafi, M. Akkawi, Qassem Abu-Remeleh, M. Qutob, P. Lutgen","doi":"10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00251","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is a parasitic life-threatening disease that has been causing the death of millions around the globe. The latest World Malaria Report of 2018 stated that in 2017, an estimated 219 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide.1 Moreover, Plasmodium falciparum is the most prevalent malaria parasite mainly in Africa, accounting for 99.7% of estimated malaria cases. Plasmodium vivax however is the predominant parasite in the Americas, representing 74.1% of malaria cases.1 Nowadays, the most widely used synthetic antimalarial drugs such as chloroquine, amodiaquine, artemisinin derivatives and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP), have dramatically lost their efficacy because some strains of P. falciparum have demonstrated high level of resistant.2 Therefore, this has drawn more attention to the urgent need for the development of new novel drugs to treat malaria. During the past ten years, an extensive in-vitro β-hematin inhibition screening on edible food, wild natural plant extracts and/or pure isolates have been engaged in our laboratory.3‒11 The mechanism that links antimalarial effects with the ability to inhibit β-hematin formation has been thoroughly discussed.3‒11 Preparative chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (LC-MS) were used to isolate and identify active phytochemicals present in these foods and/or natural herbs. Although encouraging results were achieved, the ability of the above-mentioned tests to predict activity against in-vivo human malaria has not yet been established.","PeriodicalId":19839,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89382431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melatonin (N-Methyl-5-Methoxytryptamine) is a neurohormone that is synthesized in the pineal gland as well as in other organs of the body and their functions are crucial to vertebrate’s life since they include the regulation of circadian rhythms by facilitating sleep and being a free radical scavenger in the brain.1‒6 Moreover, the intake of exogenous melatonin has been associated with more complex functions such as being effective in improving the conditions of animals in depression/anxiety models as well as in patients with mood disorders.7‒10
{"title":"The effectiveness of exogenous melatonin versus transcranial magnetic stimulation on the quality of sleep, memory and mood of young adult people","authors":"Sanchez-Betancourt Javier, Meza-Amaya Arturo, Muñiz-Salazar Raquel, Guzman-Cortes Jorge, Cardenas-Bautista Dilayaxy","doi":"10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00250","url":null,"abstract":"Melatonin (N-Methyl-5-Methoxytryptamine) is a neurohormone that is synthesized in the pineal gland as well as in other organs of the body and their functions are crucial to vertebrate’s life since they include the regulation of circadian rhythms by facilitating sleep and being a free radical scavenger in the brain.1‒6 Moreover, the intake of exogenous melatonin has been associated with more complex functions such as being effective in improving the conditions of animals in depression/anxiety models as well as in patients with mood disorders.7‒10","PeriodicalId":19839,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73877414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-06DOI: 10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00249
N. Khan, Chua Yoke Hwa, Nabila Perveen, N. Paliwal
{"title":"Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity determination of Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds","authors":"N. Khan, Chua Yoke Hwa, Nabila Perveen, N. Paliwal","doi":"10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ppij.2019.07.00249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19839,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76332375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：