Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.54393/pbmj.v7i01.1019
Faiza Tahir, Ebad ur Rehman Khan Ghouri, Muneeba Aziz, Lubna Sultan Ali, Syeda Aqsa Waseem, Ghulam Fatima, Syeda Rida Baqir
Physically disabled people are only observed by their physical functioning where studies showed that their cognitive functioning has generally been ignored. Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychological health condition where the people having this disorder cannot accept their flaws or impairment. The prevalence of this disorder is approximately 2% of the population worldwide. The Quality of life is suppressed who are suffering from this disorder. To maintain their quality-of-life people engage in different physical activities and exercises which help them to overcome problems and they can easily take part in activities of daily living. Objective: To identify the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder among physically disabled persons. Methods: The duration of the study was six months (January 2023 to July 2023) with a sample size of 139 calculated from online open-Epi version 3. Non-probability sampling technique was used for this study. Data were collected from three tertiary care hospitals by using a validated questionnaire appearance anxiety inventory scoring. The data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 software. Results: The results extracted through the use of anxiety appearance inventory score was; out of 139 participants, the body dysmorphic disorder was found to be present in 38 participants and absent in 101 participants which constituted 27.3% and 72.7% respectively. Conclusions: Body dysmorphic disorder was found in physically disabled patients but persons attending physiotherapy sessions had improved and accepted their condition.
{"title":"Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Physically Disabled People","authors":"Faiza Tahir, Ebad ur Rehman Khan Ghouri, Muneeba Aziz, Lubna Sultan Ali, Syeda Aqsa Waseem, Ghulam Fatima, Syeda Rida Baqir","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v7i01.1019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v7i01.1019","url":null,"abstract":"Physically disabled people are only observed by their physical functioning where studies showed that their cognitive functioning has generally been ignored. Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychological health condition where the people having this disorder cannot accept their flaws or impairment. The prevalence of this disorder is approximately 2% of the population worldwide. The Quality of life is suppressed who are suffering from this disorder. To maintain their quality-of-life people engage in different physical activities and exercises which help them to overcome problems and they can easily take part in activities of daily living. Objective: To identify the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder among physically disabled persons. Methods: The duration of the study was six months (January 2023 to July 2023) with a sample size of 139 calculated from online open-Epi version 3. Non-probability sampling technique was used for this study. Data were collected from three tertiary care hospitals by using a validated questionnaire appearance anxiety inventory scoring. The data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 software. Results: The results extracted through the use of anxiety appearance inventory score was; out of 139 participants, the body dysmorphic disorder was found to be present in 38 participants and absent in 101 participants which constituted 27.3% and 72.7% respectively. Conclusions: Body dysmorphic disorder was found in physically disabled patients but persons attending physiotherapy sessions had improved and accepted their condition. ","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"292 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.54393/pbmj.v7i01.1025
Kaleem Ullah Shaikh, Abeer Sarfaraz, S. Sarfaraz, Muhammad Wasiq Anwar, Falaknaz Salari, Faryal Fatima
Cardiologists are more likely to use clinical guideline-supported therapies than general physicians, a fact that has been shown to reduce readmissions. Objective: To compare the intensification of heart failure treatment and its course with re-hospitalization among general physicians and cardiologists at a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the cardiology inpatient department of a tertiary care hospital from June 2023 to December 2023 for six months. All patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure with reduced ejection fraction were included. The treatment prescriptions that they had been followed before the event were noted along with the fact that whether they were treated by a cardiologist or a general physician, and their compliance with medical treatment was recorded. Frequencies and percentages were computed for qualitative variables. Results: A statistically significant association of re-admission was observed among cardiologists (1.40 ± 0.57) compared to general physicians (2.54 ± 0.57; p<0.001). Almost 100% of cardiologists advised beta blockers as compared to their prescription by 42% of general physicians. All cardiologists advised ARBS/ACE inhibitors as compared to 58% of general physicians. 90% of cardiologists advised aldosterone receptor antagonists as compared to 10% of general physicians. Only 12% of cardiologists advised SGLT-2 inhibitors as compared to 88% of physicians. Overall, 36% of cardiologists recommended guideline-mediated therapy while 12% of general physicians recommended guideline-mediated therapy. Conclusions: Cardiologist care is significantly associated with reduced re-admissions among patients re-admitted after heart failure treatment.
{"title":"Clinical Inertia in Terms of Recurrent Hospitalization in the Treatment of Heart Failure Between General Physicians and Cardiologists","authors":"Kaleem Ullah Shaikh, Abeer Sarfaraz, S. Sarfaraz, Muhammad Wasiq Anwar, Falaknaz Salari, Faryal Fatima","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v7i01.1025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v7i01.1025","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiologists are more likely to use clinical guideline-supported therapies than general physicians, a fact that has been shown to reduce readmissions. Objective: To compare the intensification of heart failure treatment and its course with re-hospitalization among general physicians and cardiologists at a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the cardiology inpatient department of a tertiary care hospital from June 2023 to December 2023 for six months. All patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure with reduced ejection fraction were included. The treatment prescriptions that they had been followed before the event were noted along with the fact that whether they were treated by a cardiologist or a general physician, and their compliance with medical treatment was recorded. Frequencies and percentages were computed for qualitative variables. Results: A statistically significant association of re-admission was observed among cardiologists (1.40 ± 0.57) compared to general physicians (2.54 ± 0.57; p<0.001). Almost 100% of cardiologists advised beta blockers as compared to their prescription by 42% of general physicians. All cardiologists advised ARBS/ACE inhibitors as compared to 58% of general physicians. 90% of cardiologists advised aldosterone receptor antagonists as compared to 10% of general physicians. Only 12% of cardiologists advised SGLT-2 inhibitors as compared to 88% of physicians. Overall, 36% of cardiologists recommended guideline-mediated therapy while 12% of general physicians recommended guideline-mediated therapy. Conclusions: Cardiologist care is significantly associated with reduced re-admissions among patients re-admitted after heart failure treatment. ","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"64 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abia Nazim, Komal Alvi, Elizabeth Schwaiger, Tauqeer Nazim, Ivan Suneel Samuel, Kiran Ishfaq
Burn injuries identified as a serious public health concern with high morbidity and mortality rate every year. Burn injuries are usually linked with heightened economic, social and psychological burden for causing functional impairments, social stigma, rejection and decreased social integration along with high morbidity of psychological disorders. Researchers have found various psychological phenomena impacting the recovery and effectiveness of rehabilitation of burn survivors including perceived insecurity in burn survivors. Objective: Present study was extracted from a larger study and aimed to explore the perceived insecurity of burn survivors seeking treatment in Lahore and to identify factors associated with it. Methods: The study followed a cross sectional research design to study 150 burn survivors with mean age of 36 years and including both men (39%) and women (61%). Results: The results revealed that female gender, single relationship status, age and education were significantly correlated with perception of insecurity in burn injury survivors. Gender and burn injury type were associated with significantly different levels of perceived insecurity in the present sample of burn survivors. The findings were discussed in light of broader research context. Conclusions: Demographic variables and type of burn injury relate differently with perceived insecurity among burn survivors.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Perceived Insecurity in Burn Injuries: An Exploratory Study of Burn Survivors in Lahore","authors":"Abia Nazim, Komal Alvi, Elizabeth Schwaiger, Tauqeer Nazim, Ivan Suneel Samuel, Kiran Ishfaq","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v7i01.999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v7i01.999","url":null,"abstract":"Burn injuries identified as a serious public health concern with high morbidity and mortality rate every year. Burn injuries are usually linked with heightened economic, social and psychological burden for causing functional impairments, social stigma, rejection and decreased social integration along with high morbidity of psychological disorders. Researchers have found various psychological phenomena impacting the recovery and effectiveness of rehabilitation of burn survivors including perceived insecurity in burn survivors. Objective: Present study was extracted from a larger study and aimed to explore the perceived insecurity of burn survivors seeking treatment in Lahore and to identify factors associated with it. Methods: The study followed a cross sectional research design to study 150 burn survivors with mean age of 36 years and including both men (39%) and women (61%). Results: The results revealed that female gender, single relationship status, age and education were significantly correlated with perception of insecurity in burn injury survivors. Gender and burn injury type were associated with significantly different levels of perceived insecurity in the present sample of burn survivors. The findings were discussed in light of broader research context. Conclusions: Demographic variables and type of burn injury relate differently with perceived insecurity among burn survivors. ","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"689 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
.. Shaista, Saad Ur Rahman, Laila Imtiaz, Asif Mahmood, Sana Gul, Afsha Bibi
The clinical education setting is a complex social unit that affects student skills within the clinical setting. Anxiety influences the student's performance in the clinical setting since it initiates the fight-or-flight response, leading to a positive or negative outcome. Objective: This study evaluates anxiety among students when they start rotation in the clinical area. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the anxiety level among undergraduate nursing students during psychiatry/mental health nursing clinical rotations in the psychiatry unit. Participants were recruited through the probability sample method. The sample of the study consists of 93 students of undergraduate level. A self-adapted questionnaire was distributed manually to collect data. Results: According to the survey result, 67.7% of students have a normal range of anxiety, whereas 32.3% of students have mild to moderate levels of anxiety during psychiatry clinical rotation. Conclusions: The study identifies a significant link between anxiety levels and semester, notably higher in the 6th semester and a marginal association with race. With majority in the normal range and few with mild to moderate anxiety, it suggests targeted support programs for students, especially in high-anxiety semesters.
{"title":"Anxiety and its associated factors Among Undergraduate Nursing Students During Psychiatry Clinical Placement: A Cross-sectional Study in MARDAN Khyber Pakhtunkhwa","authors":".. Shaista, Saad Ur Rahman, Laila Imtiaz, Asif Mahmood, Sana Gul, Afsha Bibi","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.972","url":null,"abstract":"The clinical education setting is a complex social unit that affects student skills within the clinical setting. Anxiety influences the student's performance in the clinical setting since it initiates the fight-or-flight response, leading to a positive or negative outcome. Objective: This study evaluates anxiety among students when they start rotation in the clinical area. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the anxiety level among undergraduate nursing students during psychiatry/mental health nursing clinical rotations in the psychiatry unit. Participants were recruited through the probability sample method. The sample of the study consists of 93 students of undergraduate level. A self-adapted questionnaire was distributed manually to collect data. Results: According to the survey result, 67.7% of students have a normal range of anxiety, whereas 32.3% of students have mild to moderate levels of anxiety during psychiatry clinical rotation. Conclusions: The study identifies a significant link between anxiety levels and semester, notably higher in the 6th semester and a marginal association with race. With majority in the normal range and few with mild to moderate anxiety, it suggests targeted support programs for students, especially in high-anxiety semesters.","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rubiya Ali, Abdul Aziz, H. Ullah, Muniba Naeem, Suneel Kumar Maheshwari, Areeba Zohaib, Nasir Jamil, Neha Aslam, Mohammad Hasan
The increased chances of in-stent restenosis have led to repeated coronary angiography and left main percutaneous coronary intervention. However, for the evaluation of coronary arteries, computed tomography angiography (CTA) is regarded as a non-invasive intervention. Objectives: To evaluate the proportion of in-stent restenosis in the left main PCI and to determine the diagnostic efficacy of CTA in detecting in-stent restenosis. Methods: We conducted this study from June 2021 to July 2022. 130 patients were chosen for the study among the 300 LM PCI patients. The CTA was conducted 3 months after the LM PCI. The data were collected and entered into the SPSS software and the descriptive analysis was conducted. Results: In our study, the majority of the patients (n=92, 70.8%) of the patients undergoing PCI from the LM to LAD, and the number of patients who went from LM to LCX was 19 patients (14.6%). Only 14.6% of the patients in our study had bifurcation PCI and all 130 (100%) patients had DES. The average period for the development of ISD was 11 months. Conclusions: CTA is quite efficient in accurately assessing the selected patients who have undergone LM PCI and CTA can be utilized as the 1" line treatment modality.
{"title":"The Evaluation of Stent Patency Using Computed Angiography Following Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting","authors":"Rubiya Ali, Abdul Aziz, H. Ullah, Muniba Naeem, Suneel Kumar Maheshwari, Areeba Zohaib, Nasir Jamil, Neha Aslam, Mohammad Hasan","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.977","url":null,"abstract":"The increased chances of in-stent restenosis have led to repeated coronary angiography and left main percutaneous coronary intervention. However, for the evaluation of coronary arteries, computed tomography angiography (CTA) is regarded as a non-invasive intervention. Objectives: To evaluate the proportion of in-stent restenosis in the left main PCI and to determine the diagnostic efficacy of CTA in detecting in-stent restenosis. Methods: We conducted this study from June 2021 to July 2022. 130 patients were chosen for the study among the 300 LM PCI patients. The CTA was conducted 3 months after the LM PCI. The data were collected and entered into the SPSS software and the descriptive analysis was conducted. Results: In our study, the majority of the patients (n=92, 70.8%) of the patients undergoing PCI from the LM to LAD, and the number of patients who went from LM to LCX was 19 patients (14.6%). Only 14.6% of the patients in our study had bifurcation PCI and all 130 (100%) patients had DES. The average period for the development of ISD was 11 months. Conclusions: CTA is quite efficient in accurately assessing the selected patients who have undergone LM PCI and CTA can be utilized as the 1\" line treatment modality.","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Air pollution constitutes a pressing worldwide public health issue, and Pakistan is the fourth most polluted country, where nearly 99% of its populace breathes in the air quality that exceeds the WHO criteria. Embracing WHO-endorsed strategies can help in extending life expectancy by five years. This investigation was designed to delve into the factors influencing self-care behaviors and practices regarding air pollution based on Health Belief Model among undergraduate students. Methods: A questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model was used to conduct a cross sectional study on undergraduate students from Rawalpindi, Pakistan about their self-care and protection practices against air pollution. The questionnaire had seven sections and was validated. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. SPSS 26, Spearman’s correlation, and linear regression were used for data analysis. Results: The study enrolled 292 university students, with 189 (64.7%) being male and 103 (35.3%) females, and a mean age of 21.07±1.896. Findings revealed that 22.6% of respondents exhibited satisfactory self-care behavior, while 77.4% exhibited suboptimal behavior. In terms of self-care preventive practices, 58.6% scored poorly, with only 41.4% demonstrating good practices. Conclusions: The study's outcomes demonstrated poor self-care and protection practices among the participants. Factors such as perceived severity, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and cues to action significantly influenced preventive behaviors. Whereas, perceived susceptibility and barriers were found insignificant. These findings underscore a notable association between Health Belief Model constructs and students' adoption of preventive measures against air pollution.
{"title":"Assessing Predictors of Self-Care Behavior and Practices to Mitigate Air Pollution: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Undergraduate Students in Rawalpindi, Pakistan","authors":".. Azka, Sadia Bibi, Farrah Pervaiz, Humaira Mehmood, Aimen Khizar, Sundas Gul, Laiba Naseem, Rameesa Liaqat, Fizza Liaqat","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.978","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution constitutes a pressing worldwide public health issue, and Pakistan is the fourth most polluted country, where nearly 99% of its populace breathes in the air quality that exceeds the WHO criteria. Embracing WHO-endorsed strategies can help in extending life expectancy by five years. This investigation was designed to delve into the factors influencing self-care behaviors and practices regarding air pollution based on Health Belief Model among undergraduate students. Methods: A questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model was used to conduct a cross sectional study on undergraduate students from Rawalpindi, Pakistan about their self-care and protection practices against air pollution. The questionnaire had seven sections and was validated. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. SPSS 26, Spearman’s correlation, and linear regression were used for data analysis. Results: The study enrolled 292 university students, with 189 (64.7%) being male and 103 (35.3%) females, and a mean age of 21.07±1.896. Findings revealed that 22.6% of respondents exhibited satisfactory self-care behavior, while 77.4% exhibited suboptimal behavior. In terms of self-care preventive practices, 58.6% scored poorly, with only 41.4% demonstrating good practices. Conclusions: The study's outcomes demonstrated poor self-care and protection practices among the participants. Factors such as perceived severity, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and cues to action significantly influenced preventive behaviors. Whereas, perceived susceptibility and barriers were found insignificant. These findings underscore a notable association between Health Belief Model constructs and students' adoption of preventive measures against air pollution.","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139200016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syeda Farheen Zehra Kazmi, Humaira Mahmood, Muhammad Farrukh Habib, Jawaria Khan, Nimra Riaz, Sher Afgan Raisani, Syed Ihtishaam Kakakhel
Maternal health being a global health priority emphasizes strongly on reduced maternal mortality rate, in a country. The delivery of maternal and child healthcare services in weak and vulnerable health systems has been severely impacted by the change in emphasis to contain the COVID-19 epidemic. Objective: To explore, identify and determine the barriers and facilitators in access to maternal health services during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted on all married women of reproductive age group who delivered in the pandemic season and visiting vaccination center of local tertiary care hospital between March 2020 to June 2021. Females were selected through convenience sampling technique. Data was collected through questionnaires, entered and analyzed in SPSS version 26.0 Results: Major barriers to accessing maternal health services by patients were fear of contracting COVID-19 at health facilities, lack of funds to pay for services at health facilities, transportation difficulties. Facilitators determined in this study includes Covid-19 non-pharmacological measures instituted at the health facilities, community sensitization on healthcare access during the pandemic and adaptive strategies to reduce waiting time at health facilities. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a detrimental effect on access to maternal health care, in part because of difficulties brought on by travel restrictions and the incapacity of the health systems to create an environment that would encourage continued use of maternal health services.
{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators in Access and Use of Maternal Health Services During Covid-19 Pandemic at a Tertiary Care Hospital; A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Syeda Farheen Zehra Kazmi, Humaira Mahmood, Muhammad Farrukh Habib, Jawaria Khan, Nimra Riaz, Sher Afgan Raisani, Syed Ihtishaam Kakakhel","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.963","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal health being a global health priority emphasizes strongly on reduced maternal mortality rate, in a country. The delivery of maternal and child healthcare services in weak and vulnerable health systems has been severely impacted by the change in emphasis to contain the COVID-19 epidemic. Objective: To explore, identify and determine the barriers and facilitators in access to maternal health services during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted on all married women of reproductive age group who delivered in the pandemic season and visiting vaccination center of local tertiary care hospital between March 2020 to June 2021. Females were selected through convenience sampling technique. Data was collected through questionnaires, entered and analyzed in SPSS version 26.0 Results: Major barriers to accessing maternal health services by patients were fear of contracting COVID-19 at health facilities, lack of funds to pay for services at health facilities, transportation difficulties. Facilitators determined in this study includes Covid-19 non-pharmacological measures instituted at the health facilities, community sensitization on healthcare access during the pandemic and adaptive strategies to reduce waiting time at health facilities. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a detrimental effect on access to maternal health care, in part because of difficulties brought on by travel restrictions and the incapacity of the health systems to create an environment that would encourage continued use of maternal health services.","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139201531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Profenofos, an organophosphate, is a major pollutant that pollutes freshwater bodies, causing significant impacts on fish health. Objective: Present study was performed to assess the toxicological impacts of pesticide profenofos on hematological, biochemical and histological alterations in different organs of Labeo rohita. Methods: Fish were divided in three groups. Group one was treated as control while second and third groups were exposed to 0.6 mg/L and 1.2 mg/L profenofos respectively for 28 days. Results: Results revealed that MCV, MCHC, MCH, RDW-SD, PCT, PDW, HGB, RBC and HCT levels were significantly reduced. WBC, RDW, PLT, MPV, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils were increased as compared to pesticide free group. Biochemical results showed significant increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, albumin, A/G ratio, HDL T3, T4, blood glucose, creatinine and urea levels were documented while levels of LDL, VLDL, ALT, total proteins, globulin, TSH and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) decreased significantly in exposed fish. Furthermore, histological changes in kidney, gills and liver of fish showed degenerative effects after exposure to profenofos in both concentrations. Conclusions: The present study concluded that profenofos resulted in widespread toxic effects on aquatic organisms specially fish.
{"title":"Evaluation of Hemotoxic, Hepatotoxic and Nephrotoxic Potential of Profenofos-based Insecticide in Freshwater Labeo rohita Fish at Low Concentrations","authors":"Arva Mahmood, Shabbir Ahmad, Hasnain Akmal, Khurram Shahzad","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.920","url":null,"abstract":"Profenofos, an organophosphate, is a major pollutant that pollutes freshwater bodies, causing significant impacts on fish health. Objective: Present study was performed to assess the toxicological impacts of pesticide profenofos on hematological, biochemical and histological alterations in different organs of Labeo rohita. Methods: Fish were divided in three groups. Group one was treated as control while second and third groups were exposed to 0.6 mg/L and 1.2 mg/L profenofos respectively for 28 days. Results: Results revealed that MCV, MCHC, MCH, RDW-SD, PCT, PDW, HGB, RBC and HCT levels were significantly reduced. WBC, RDW, PLT, MPV, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils were increased as compared to pesticide free group. Biochemical results showed significant increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, albumin, A/G ratio, HDL T3, T4, blood glucose, creatinine and urea levels were documented while levels of LDL, VLDL, ALT, total proteins, globulin, TSH and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) decreased significantly in exposed fish. Furthermore, histological changes in kidney, gills and liver of fish showed degenerative effects after exposure to profenofos in both concentrations. Conclusions: The present study concluded that profenofos resulted in widespread toxic effects on aquatic organisms specially fish.","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139200483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Ahmad Raza, Lamia Altuf, Syeda Hafiza Mehak Gillani, Abdullah Amjad, Abdul Rauf, Saifullah Khan
Renal artery stenosis typically results from plaque development. Mostly frequent cause of severe hypertension is RAS, which affects 1% to 5% of all patients with hypertension. Objective: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of Doppler ultrasound in RAS. Methods: Data from several search engines were retrieved for this literature view. Research was evaluated for both its quality and its usefulness. Data extraction from the whole journal articles was done. Results: Only 20 articles were used for extraction of data related to Sensitivity and Specificity of color Doppler ultrasound measurement in evaluation of RAS. The current study looked at the assessment of RAS. Conclusions: From assessing stenosis of renal artery diameter to analyzing the enhanced velocity field at the obstruction site, identifying new measures to describe plaque susceptibility in the renal artery has become more significant.
{"title":"Sensitivity and Specificity of Color Doppler Ultrasound Measurement in the Evaluation of Renal Artery Stenosis","authors":"Muhammad Ahmad Raza, Lamia Altuf, Syeda Hafiza Mehak Gillani, Abdullah Amjad, Abdul Rauf, Saifullah Khan","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.966","url":null,"abstract":"Renal artery stenosis typically results from plaque development. Mostly frequent cause of severe hypertension is RAS, which affects 1% to 5% of all patients with hypertension. Objective: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of Doppler ultrasound in RAS. Methods: Data from several search engines were retrieved for this literature view. Research was evaluated for both its quality and its usefulness. Data extraction from the whole journal articles was done. Results: Only 20 articles were used for extraction of data related to Sensitivity and Specificity of color Doppler ultrasound measurement in evaluation of RAS. The current study looked at the assessment of RAS. Conclusions: From assessing stenosis of renal artery diameter to analyzing the enhanced velocity field at the obstruction site, identifying new measures to describe plaque susceptibility in the renal artery has become more significant.","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rizwana Shahid, Narjis Zaidi, Sadia Khan, Farzana Fatima, T. Rizvi, M. Umar
Mortality and morbidity being healthcare indicators of any country need deliberation by the strategic planners for attaining the equal right for health by all people. Only this will enable any nation to have prompt well- being and hence achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Objective: To determine age, gender and department-wise mortality of Pakistani population by 6-monthly mortality analysis of a healthcare facility. Methods: A retrospective hospital record-based study was carried out by retrieving mortality data from February – July 2023 from administration of Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH), Rawalpindi through informed consent. Data were gathered pertaining to age, gender of expired cases in addition to department-wise mortality. Data were analyzed by using MS Excel 2016 and descriptive statistics were applied. Results: Of the total 2232 deaths during February-July 2023 at BBH, majority 1225 (55%) were males. Maximum (9%) deaths were reported during May 2023 with greatest male deaths (232). Deaths from the Pediatrics department were the greatest (60.9%) with 58% of them measured among up to 5 years old children and more than 90% of them succumbed to septic shock. About 18.6% and 11% mortalities were identified from Medicine and Emergency departments respectively. Conclusions: Neonatal, infant and children’s deaths were maximally reported due to septic shock. More deaths were also determined among medical and emergency cases.
{"title":"Six Monthly Mortality Analysis 2023 of Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi","authors":"Rizwana Shahid, Narjis Zaidi, Sadia Khan, Farzana Fatima, T. Rizvi, M. Umar","doi":"10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v6i11.970","url":null,"abstract":"Mortality and morbidity being healthcare indicators of any country need deliberation by the strategic planners for attaining the equal right for health by all people. Only this will enable any nation to have prompt well- being and hence achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Objective: To determine age, gender and department-wise mortality of Pakistani population by 6-monthly mortality analysis of a healthcare facility. Methods: A retrospective hospital record-based study was carried out by retrieving mortality data from February – July 2023 from administration of Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH), Rawalpindi through informed consent. Data were gathered pertaining to age, gender of expired cases in addition to department-wise mortality. Data were analyzed by using MS Excel 2016 and descriptive statistics were applied. Results: Of the total 2232 deaths during February-July 2023 at BBH, majority 1225 (55%) were males. Maximum (9%) deaths were reported during May 2023 with greatest male deaths (232). Deaths from the Pediatrics department were the greatest (60.9%) with 58% of them measured among up to 5 years old children and more than 90% of them succumbed to septic shock. About 18.6% and 11% mortalities were identified from Medicine and Emergency departments respectively. Conclusions: Neonatal, infant and children’s deaths were maximally reported due to septic shock. More deaths were also determined among medical and emergency cases.","PeriodicalId":19844,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan BioMedical Journal","volume":"119 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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