Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113620
Yao Wang , Yao Gu , Xianqiang Meng , Zhenyu Ni , Weiwei Sun , Enlou Zhang
The centennial-scale variability and spatial features of hydroclimatic changes in Southeast China during the late Holocene remain poorly defined due to a lack of high-resolution and well-dated records from tropical regions. This study examined a sediment core from Shuangchiling maar lake (Hainan Island, tropical China) using high-density AMS 14C dating and multiple proxies, including goethite/hematite ratios, elemental ratios, magnetic susceptibility, biogenic silica (BSi), and organic carbon/ nitrogen ratios. A sedimentary hiatus spanning ∼6.5–2.0 cal ka BP was primarily driven by peat decomposition under regional warming and drying conditions, with additional modulation from site-specific hydrogeological characteristics. The lake restoration around 2.0 cal ka BP, indicated by a sharp increase in BSi content and more endogenous organic matters, suggests higher effective moisture levels. For the Common Era, multi-proxy analysis reveals notable negative correlations between regional precipitation and total solar irradiance over centennial scales (∼300-year and ∼130-year periodicities). Importantly, this relationship reverses in subtropical regions, indicating an antiphase precipitation response. These findings imply that centennial-scale hydroclimatic variability in Southeast China is influenced by solar forcing, likely mediated through El Niño-Southern Oscillation feedbacks that generate spatially heterogeneous precipitation responses tied to Intertropical Convergence Zone shifts and typhoon activities.
由于缺乏来自热带地区的高分辨率和年代确定的记录，中国东南部全新世晚期水文气候变化的百年尺度变异性和空间特征仍然不明确。采用高密度AMS 14C测年技术，结合针铁矿/赤铁矿比、元素比、磁化率、生物硅（BSi）、有机碳/氮比等指标，对海南双车岭麻麻湖沉积物岩心进行了研究。一个跨越~ 6.5-2.0 cal ka BP的沉积间隙主要是由区域变暖和干燥条件下的泥炭分解驱动的，并受到特定地点水文地质特征的额外调节。2.0 cal ka BP前后湖泊恢复，BSi含量急剧增加，内源有机质增加，表明有效水分水平较高。对于Common Era，多代理分析显示，在百年尺度（~ 300年和~ 130年周期）上，区域降水和太阳总辐照度之间存在显著的负相关。重要的是，这种关系在亚热带地区发生逆转，表明存在反相降水响应。这些发现表明，中国东南部的百年尺度水文气候变率受到太阳强迫的影响，可能是通过El Niño-Southern振荡反馈介导的，该振荡反馈产生了与热带辐合带移动和台风活动相关的空间异质性降水响应。
{"title":"High-resolution paleoclimate record from Hainan Island reveals solar-forced hydroclimatic variability in tropical China during the late Holocene","authors":"Yao Wang , Yao Gu , Xianqiang Meng , Zhenyu Ni , Weiwei Sun , Enlou Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The centennial-scale variability and spatial features of hydroclimatic changes in Southeast China during the late Holocene remain poorly defined due to a lack of high-resolution and well-dated records from tropical regions. This study examined a sediment core from Shuangchiling maar lake (Hainan Island, tropical China) using high-density AMS <sup>14</sup>C dating and multiple proxies, including goethite/hematite ratios, elemental ratios, magnetic susceptibility, biogenic silica (BSi), and organic carbon/ nitrogen ratios. A sedimentary hiatus spanning ∼6.5–2.0 cal ka BP was primarily driven by peat decomposition under regional warming and drying conditions, with additional modulation from site-specific hydrogeological characteristics. The lake restoration around 2.0 cal ka BP, indicated by a sharp increase in BSi content and more endogenous organic matters, suggests higher effective moisture levels. For the Common Era, multi-proxy analysis reveals notable negative correlations between regional precipitation and total solar irradiance over centennial scales (∼300-year and ∼130-year periodicities). Importantly, this relationship reverses in subtropical regions, indicating an antiphase precipitation response. These findings imply that centennial-scale hydroclimatic variability in Southeast China is influenced by solar forcing, likely mediated through El Niño-Southern Oscillation feedbacks that generate spatially heterogeneous precipitation responses tied to Intertropical Convergence Zone shifts and typhoon activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"687 ","pages":"Article 113620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reconstructs coastal landscape evolution, together with its vegetation history and land use on the Osu coastal plain (southeastern Corsica) and on Cavallo Island, two areas with well attested human presence, notably during Roman times. Ten vibrocores reaching depths of up to 4.20 m were recovered and analysed using a multi-proxy approach combining sedimentological analyses, mollusc identification, pollen and non pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) analysis. In addition, a total of 20 radiocarbon datings have enabled to obtain a chronostratigraphy for both studied areas.
Our results reveal a delta progradation of the Osu River with two main phases of shoreline advance dated from the Early Bronze Age and the Roman Empire. On Cavallo Island, which was exploited for its mineral resources (granite) during Roman times, our results bring to light for the first time the presence of a freshwater wetland in the north central part of the island dating from the Bronze Age to the Late Roman times. High eutrophication of the water body then occurred, ending only when artificial silting up happened during the second half of the 20th Century CE.
Pollen records indicate early agricultural activities on the Osu deltaic plain from the Final Neolithic/Chalcolithic onwards, with further expansion during the Early Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. At Cavallo, there is no clear evidence of agricultural activity from the Middle Bronze Age to the Early Genoese period. At a broader, island-wide scale, Roman-period agriculture intensified pre-existing land-use systems rather than initiating them, leading in many Corsican coastal areas to a marked and irreversible opening of arboreal and Erica formations. These transformations were spatially heterogeneous, with more limited landscape change in the San Ciprianu area compared to other regions, and were accompanied by increasing agricultural specialization during the Roman Empire, notably between cereal-dominated systems in lowland eastern coastal plains and olive cultivation in other coastal sectors (e.g. north-west).
{"title":"Reconstructing landscape configuration, vegetation history and land-use in the coastal area of two Western Mediterranean Islands (Corsica and Cavallo Islands): Evidence for a Roman environmental tipping point","authors":"Matthieu Ghilardi , Jordi Revelles , Matteo Vacchi , Alain Pasquet , Gaël Brkojewitsch","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reconstructs coastal landscape evolution, together with its vegetation history and land use on the Osu coastal plain (southeastern Corsica) and on Cavallo Island, two areas with well attested human presence, notably during Roman times. Ten vibrocores reaching depths of up to 4.20 m were recovered and analysed using a multi-proxy approach combining sedimentological analyses, mollusc identification, pollen and non pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) analysis. In addition, a total of 20 radiocarbon datings have enabled to obtain a chronostratigraphy for both studied areas.</div><div>Our results reveal a delta progradation of the Osu River with two main phases of shoreline advance dated from the Early Bronze Age and the Roman Empire. On Cavallo Island, which was exploited for its mineral resources (granite) during Roman times, our results bring to light for the first time the presence of a freshwater wetland in the north central part of the island dating from the Bronze Age to the Late Roman times. High eutrophication of the water body then occurred, ending only when artificial silting up happened during the second half of the 20th Century CE.</div><div>Pollen records indicate early agricultural activities on the Osu deltaic plain from the Final Neolithic/Chalcolithic onwards, with further expansion during the Early Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. At Cavallo, there is no clear evidence of agricultural activity from the Middle Bronze Age to the Early Genoese period. At a broader, island-wide scale, Roman-period agriculture intensified pre-existing land-use systems rather than initiating them, leading in many Corsican coastal areas to a marked and irreversible opening of arboreal and <em>Erica</em> formations. These transformations were spatially heterogeneous, with more limited landscape change in the San Ciprianu area compared to other regions, and were accompanied by increasing agricultural specialization during the Roman Empire, notably between cereal-dominated systems in lowland eastern coastal plains and olive cultivation in other coastal sectors (e.g. north-west).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"687 ","pages":"Article 113608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113606
Sinan Wang , Xunlin Yang , Hai Cheng , Wenming Zhou , Guofeng Li , Wanli Xiang , Rui Zhang , R. Lawrence Edwards
The evolution and millennial-scale variability of the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) during Marine Isotope Stage 9 (MIS 9) remain insufficiently constrained due to the limited availability of high-resolution archives. Here, we present a reconstruction of ASM dynamics between 340 and 285 ka BP, based on high-resolution (∼68-year) stalagmite δ18O records from Jinfo Cave, southwestern China. Results demonstrate that orbital-scale ASM variability was primarily modulated by Northern Hemisphere summer insolation, allowing subdivision into five substages: MIS 9e, MIS 9d, MIS 9c, MIS 9b, and MIS 9a. Synchronous comparisons with other speleothem datasets corroborate a spatial pattern characterized by pronounced variability in southwestern China and relative stability in the southeast. Within MIS 9c, three distinct millennial-scale weak monsoon events were identified, indicating substantial hydroclimate instability during interglacial conditions. Spectral analyses reveal dominant ∼2–4 kyr periodicities, analogous to Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events of the last glacial period, likely linked to Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) instability under enhanced insolation forcing. Comparisons with MIS 5–4 highlight convergent responses in insolation-driven forcing, critical ice-volume thresholds, and monsoon evolution, suggesting an intrinsic propensity of the climate system toward quasi-cyclic oscillations.
{"title":"Millennial-scale hydroclimate variability of the Asian monsoon during MIS 9 from stalagmite records","authors":"Sinan Wang , Xunlin Yang , Hai Cheng , Wenming Zhou , Guofeng Li , Wanli Xiang , Rui Zhang , R. Lawrence Edwards","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolution and millennial-scale variability of the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) during Marine Isotope Stage 9 (MIS 9) remain insufficiently constrained due to the limited availability of high-resolution archives. Here, we present a reconstruction of ASM dynamics between 340 and 285 ka BP, based on high-resolution (∼68-year) stalagmite δ<sup>18</sup>O records from Jinfo Cave, southwestern China. Results demonstrate that orbital-scale ASM variability was primarily modulated by Northern Hemisphere summer insolation, allowing subdivision into five substages: MIS 9e, MIS 9d, MIS 9c, MIS 9b, and MIS 9a. Synchronous comparisons with other speleothem datasets corroborate a spatial pattern characterized by pronounced variability in southwestern China and relative stability in the southeast. Within MIS 9c, three distinct millennial-scale weak monsoon events were identified, indicating substantial hydroclimate instability during interglacial conditions. Spectral analyses reveal dominant ∼2–4 kyr periodicities, analogous to Dansgaard–Oeschger (D<img>O) events of the last glacial period, likely linked to Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) instability under enhanced insolation forcing. Comparisons with MIS 5–4 highlight convergent responses in insolation-driven forcing, critical ice-volume thresholds, and monsoon evolution, suggesting an intrinsic propensity of the climate system toward quasi-cyclic oscillations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"688 ","pages":"Article 113606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113617
Vladimir I. Davydov , Spencer G. Lucas
A problem with the current paradigm of the Global Standard Section and Point (GSSP) is the mixture of facts and interpretation. A GSSP is defined at a stratigraphic level in the rock record (fact), the optimal choice of which is a volcanic ash bed that is integrated with multiple proxies and possesses a radioisotopic age. The concept of a “specific point in time” and correlation (such as a radioisotopic age, a species occurrence, and other events) represent interpretations of this boundary, spatially and temporarily, i.e., an interpretation of the GSSP in the International Geologic Time Scale (IGTS). Stages are projections of the rocks between two GSSPs (facts), defining the base of one stage and the base of the overlying stage. The projected stages are usually far different from those defined between GSSPs, and thus, they are not strictly global in extent. We are confident that GSSPs defined by volcanic ash beds will prove to be the most stable and comprehensible markers for the geologic community and beyond.
{"title":"Stability and precision in chronostratigraphical definition: The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) is the solution [Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, volume 685, 113515]: Comment","authors":"Vladimir I. Davydov , Spencer G. Lucas","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A problem with the current paradigm of the Global Standard Section and Point (GSSP) is the mixture of facts and interpretation. A GSSP is defined at a stratigraphic level in the rock record (fact), the optimal choice of which is a volcanic ash bed that is integrated with multiple proxies and possesses a radioisotopic age. The concept of a “specific point in time” and correlation (such as a radioisotopic age, a species occurrence, and other events) represent interpretations of this boundary, spatially and temporarily, i.e., an interpretation of the GSSP in the International Geologic Time Scale (IGTS). Stages are projections of the rocks between two GSSPs (facts), defining the base of one stage and the base of the overlying stage. The projected stages are usually far different from those defined between GSSPs, and thus, they are not strictly global in extent. We are confident that GSSPs defined by volcanic ash beds will prove to be the most stable and comprehensible markers for the geologic community and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"687 ","pages":"Article 113617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we reconstruct high-resolution vegetation and climate variability over the past 6100 years using a multi-proxy approach (i.e., pollen, stable organic carbon isotopes (δ13C), and environmental magnetic parameters) from an alpine peat sequence of the Dayara meadow, located at ∼3430 m altitude in the upper Bhagirathi basin of the Central Higher Himalaya. The chronology of the studied lake-peat sequence, constrained by four radiocarbon (14C) ages, indicates that peat development in the region commenced around 6100 cal yr BP. Pollen combined with δ13C results reveal a significantly warmer and wetter climate between ∼6100 and 5300 cal yr BP, corresponding to the late phase of the Holocene Climate Optimum (HCO) in the upper Bhagirathi basin. Around ∼5300 cal yr BP, an abrupt climate shift occurred, which led to a prolonged dry spell between ∼4800 and 3400 cal yr BP. This dry spell was characterized by a decline in arboreal tree taxa, particularly Quercus, Alnus, and Betula, the complete disappearance of Juglans, and a notable increase in drought-tolerant herbs, such as Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae and Ephedra. This prolonged cold-dry phase is correlated with a weakening of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) intensity, as previously recorded in the core summer monsoon zone, in response to regional warming of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool. Subsequent increase in arboreal tree taxa and moisture-loving pollen taxa, along with a reduced representation of drought-tolerant herbs, suggests a warm and wet climate between ∼3400 and 1600 cal yr BP (Roman Warm Period ∼2200 to 1600 cal yr BP), ∼1000 to 500 (Medieval Climate Anomaly), and from ∼130 cal yr BP to the Present (Current Warm Period). In contrast, the intermittent periods between ∼1600 and 1000 (Dark Ages Cold Period) and ∼ 500 to 130 cal yr BP (Little Ice Age, LIA) were dominated by cold and drought-tolerant desert steppe vegetation. The highest concentration of pollen and fern, especially from sub-alpine tree taxa, between ∼6100 and 5300 cal yr BP, suggests an upward shift of the tree line beyond its modern-day position, reflecting optimal climatic conditions. Conversely, during the LIA, the tree line descended to its lowest elevation in the past ∼6100 years. The strengthened ISM episodes during the middle to late Holocene likely provided the moisture necessary for the glacier advances in the upper Bhagirathi catchment.
在这项研究中，我们使用多代理方法（即花粉、稳定有机碳同位素（δ13C）和环境磁参数）重建了过去6100年的高分辨率植被和气候变化，这些方法来自位于喜马拉雅中部高海拔Bhagirathi盆地上部海拔~ 3430 m的Dayara草甸高寒泥炭层。研究的湖泥炭层序年代学，根据4个放射性碳（14C）年龄的限制，表明该地区泥炭发育始于6100 cal yr BP左右。在~ 6100 ~ 5300 cal yr BP之间，Bhagirathi盆地上部出现了明显的暖湿气候，对应于全新世气候优化（HCO）的晚期。在~ 5300 cal yr BP左右，气候突变发生，导致了~ 4800 ~ 3400 cal yr BP之间的长时间干旱期。这一干旱期的特点是乔木类群的减少，特别是栎、桤木和桦树，胡桃木完全消失，而耐旱草本植物，如藜科-苋菜科和麻黄的显著增加。这种延长的冷干期与印度夏季风（ISM）强度减弱有关，正如之前在核心夏季风区记录的那样，这是对印度-太平洋暖池区域变暖的反应。随后乔木分类群和亲湿花粉分类群的增加，以及耐旱草本植物的减少，表明在~ 3400至1600 calyr BP（罗马温暖期~ 2200至1600 calyr BP）、~ 1000至500（中世纪气候异常）以及从~ 130 calyr BP到现在（当前温暖期）之间存在温暖潮湿的气候。相反，在~ 1600 ~ 1000年（黑暗时代冷期）和~ 500 ~ 130 cal yr BP（小冰期，LIA）之间的间歇期以耐寒和耐旱的荒漠草原植被为主。最高浓度的花粉和蕨类植物，特别是来自亚高山树木分类群的花粉和蕨类植物，在距今约6100至5300 cal - yr BP之间，表明树木线在其现代位置之上向上移动，反映了最佳的气候条件。相反，在LIA期间，树线下降到过去约6100年来的最低海拔。全新世中晚期的ISM强化事件可能为Bhagirathi上游流域的冰川推进提供了必要的水分。
{"title":"Climate variations over the past 6100 years in the high-altitude Central Himalaya","authors":"Suman Rawat , Priyeshu Srivastava , N.R. Phadtare , A.P. Dimri","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we reconstruct high-resolution vegetation and climate variability over the past 6100 years using a multi-proxy approach (i.e., pollen, stable organic carbon isotopes (δ<sup>13</sup>C), and environmental magnetic parameters) from an alpine peat sequence of the Dayara meadow, located at ∼3430 m altitude in the upper Bhagirathi basin of the Central Higher Himalaya. The chronology of the studied lake-peat sequence, constrained by four radiocarbon (<sup>14</sup>C) ages, indicates that peat development in the region commenced around 6100 cal yr BP. Pollen combined with δ<sup>13</sup>C results reveal a significantly warmer and wetter climate between ∼6100 and 5300 cal yr BP, corresponding to the late phase of the Holocene Climate Optimum (HCO) in the upper Bhagirathi basin. Around ∼5300 cal yr BP, an abrupt climate shift occurred, which led to a prolonged dry spell between ∼4800 and 3400 cal yr BP. This dry spell was characterized by a decline in arboreal tree taxa, particularly <em>Quercus</em>, <em>Alnus,</em> and <em>Betula</em>, the complete disappearance of <em>Juglans,</em> and a notable increase in drought-tolerant herbs, such as Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae and <em>Ephedra.</em> This prolonged cold-dry phase is correlated with a weakening of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) intensity, as previously recorded in the core summer monsoon zone, in response to regional warming of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool. Subsequent increase in arboreal tree taxa and moisture-loving pollen taxa, along with a reduced representation of drought-tolerant herbs, suggests a warm and wet climate between ∼3400 and 1600 cal yr BP (Roman Warm Period <em>∼</em>2200 to 1600 cal yr BP), ∼1000 to 500 (Medieval Climate Anomaly), and from ∼130 cal yr BP to the Present (Current Warm Period). In contrast, the intermittent periods between ∼1600 and 1000 (Dark Ages Cold Period) and ∼ 500 to 130 cal yr BP (Little Ice Age, LIA) were dominated by cold and drought-tolerant desert steppe vegetation. The highest concentration of pollen and fern, especially from sub-alpine tree taxa, between ∼6100 and 5300 cal yr BP, suggests an upward shift of the tree line beyond its modern-day position, reflecting optimal climatic conditions. Conversely, during the LIA, the tree line descended to its lowest elevation in the past ∼6100 years. The strengthened ISM episodes during the middle to late Holocene likely provided the moisture necessary for the glacier advances in the upper Bhagirathi catchment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"688 ","pages":"Article 113614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113613
Qingqing Lei , Xiaofan Wan , Xiang Ge , Xiaowei Zeng , Chuanbo Shen
Song et al. (2026) critique our model of rapid Qiangtang exhumation (120–90 Ma), citing conflicts with marine sedimentary records and alternative drivers such as oceanic subduction. In this reply, we clarify that a spatially differential exhumation model resolves the apparent contradiction and is well-supported by new thermochronological data. Our results affirm that early exhumation linked to the Lhasa–Qiangtang collision forms an integral part of the pulsed growth history of the central Tibetan Plateau, thereby providing important constraints on the integration of thermochronological, sedimentary, and tectonic evidence.
{"title":"Multi-system geochronometer constraints on thermo-tectonic evolution of the Qiangtang Terrane, central Tibetan Plateau: Reply to Comment","authors":"Qingqing Lei , Xiaofan Wan , Xiang Ge , Xiaowei Zeng , Chuanbo Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Song et al. (2026) critique our model of rapid Qiangtang exhumation (120–90 Ma), citing conflicts with marine sedimentary records and alternative drivers such as oceanic subduction. In this reply, we clarify that a spatially differential exhumation model resolves the apparent contradiction and is well-supported by new thermochronological data. Our results affirm that early exhumation linked to the Lhasa–Qiangtang collision forms an integral part of the pulsed growth history of the central Tibetan Plateau, thereby providing important constraints on the integration of thermochronological, sedimentary, and tectonic evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"687 ","pages":"Article 113613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113610
N. Griffis , M. Dechesne , T. Smith , M. Hudson , C. Henderson , R. Mundil , M. Shinn , J.E. Birdwell , L. Pianowski , B. Lutz , C. Mercer , L. Morgan , L. Spangler
Cyclothems are defined by the repeat juxtaposition of littoral and open marine successions over short stratigraphic distances (meters to 10's of meters) and are interpreted to be driven by glacioeustatic forcing of sea level during the late Paleozoic Ice Age. The concept of cyclothems was defined in the Midcontinent region of the United States. However, correlating the Midcontinent region to other cyclic successions is difficult, which is the result of no geochronologic control for the Midcontinent biostratigraphic framework. We present the first high-resolution UPb zircon CA-ID-TIMS and feldspar 40Ar/39Ar age control for the onset of Midcontinent cyclothem deposition in the Arkoma Basin, Arkansas USA. Geochronologic control is obtained from a volcaniclastic unit preserved in the newly recovered Dare Creek #1 core. We integrate these data with biostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic and trace element analyses to investigate the timing, stratigraphic and geochemical response to late Paleozoic climate forcing. The lowermost Atoka Formation is associated with the onset of five high frequency transgressive-regressive cycles, which are defined by nearshore sandstones juxtaposed on top of offshore marine mudstones and are associated with changes in salinity and redox conditions. The Trace Creek Member of the lower Atoka Formation hosts a thick, organic-rich black shale, which defines the last and maximum transgression of the lower Atoka Formation in the Arkoma Basin, in the latest Bashkirian. Base-level records from time equivalent stratigraphic successions from Arrow Canyon, Nevada, U.S.A. and the Donets Basin, Ukraine also record a maximum transgression in the latest Bashkirian. The synchroneity of maximum flooding events from multiple basins which span the low latitudes in the latest Bashkirian support that cyclothem deposition was controlled by allostratigraphic forcing mechanisms, likely glacioeustatic forcing resulting from dynamic glaciation in high-latitude Gondwana.
旋流的定义是在短地层距离（米至10米）上沿海和开阔海洋序列的重复并置，并被解释为由晚古生代冰河期海平面的冰川静止强迫驱动。循环主题的概念是在美国大陆中部地区定义的。然而，将中大陆地区与其他旋回序列进行对比是困难的，这是由于对中大陆生物地层格架没有地质年代学控制的结果。本文首次对美国阿肯色州Arkoma盆地中陆旋回沉积的开始进行了高分辨率UPb锆石CA-ID-TIMS和长石40Ar/39Ar年龄控制。地质年代学控制来自新发现的Dare Creek #1岩心中保存的火山碎屑单元。我们将这些数据与生物地层、岩石地层和微量元素分析相结合，探讨了晚古生代气候强迫的时间、地层和地球化学响应。最下面的Atoka组与五个高频海侵-退回旋回的开始有关，这些旋回旋回由近岸砂岩并置在近海海相泥岩之上确定，并与盐度和氧化还原条件的变化有关。下Atoka组的Trace Creek段拥有一层厚的、富含有机物的黑色页岩，它定义了Arkoma盆地下Atoka组的最后一次和最大一次海侵。美国内华达州阿罗峡谷和乌克兰顿涅茨盆地等时间地层序列的基准面记录也记录了巴什基里亚晚期的最大海侵。最新巴什基里亚盆地中横跨低纬度的多个盆地的最大洪水事件的同步性支持旋回沉积是由异地层强迫机制控制的，可能是由高纬度冈瓦纳的动态冰川作用引起的冰川沉降强迫。
{"title":"Constraining the onset of carboniferous cyclicity in the Arkoma Basin of the Midcontinent, North America: Implications for calibrating a globally significant latest Bashkirian transgression","authors":"N. Griffis , M. Dechesne , T. Smith , M. Hudson , C. Henderson , R. Mundil , M. Shinn , J.E. Birdwell , L. Pianowski , B. Lutz , C. Mercer , L. Morgan , L. Spangler","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyclothems are defined by the repeat juxtaposition of littoral and open marine successions over short stratigraphic distances (meters to 10's of meters) and are interpreted to be driven by glacioeustatic forcing of sea level during the late Paleozoic Ice Age. The concept of cyclothems was defined in the Midcontinent region of the United States. However, correlating the Midcontinent region to other cyclic successions is difficult, which is the result of no geochronologic control for the Midcontinent biostratigraphic framework. We present the first high-resolution U<img>Pb zircon CA-ID-TIMS and feldspar <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age control for the onset of Midcontinent cyclothem deposition in the Arkoma Basin, Arkansas USA. Geochronologic control is obtained from a volcaniclastic unit preserved in the newly recovered Dare Creek #1 core. We integrate these data with biostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic and trace element analyses to investigate the timing, stratigraphic and geochemical response to late Paleozoic climate forcing. The lowermost Atoka Formation is associated with the onset of five high frequency transgressive-regressive cycles, which are defined by nearshore sandstones juxtaposed on top of offshore marine mudstones and are associated with changes in salinity and redox conditions. The Trace Creek Member of the lower Atoka Formation hosts a thick, organic-rich black shale, which defines the last and maximum transgression of the lower Atoka Formation in the Arkoma Basin, in the latest Bashkirian. Base-level records from time equivalent stratigraphic successions from Arrow Canyon, Nevada, U.S.A. and the Donets Basin, Ukraine also record a maximum transgression in the latest Bashkirian. The synchroneity of maximum flooding events from multiple basins which span the low latitudes in the latest Bashkirian support that cyclothem deposition was controlled by allostratigraphic forcing mechanisms, likely glacioeustatic forcing resulting from dynamic glaciation in high-latitude Gondwana.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"687 ","pages":"Article 113610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113611
Yuzhi Zhang , Mingrui Qiang , Jiawu Zhang , Xueyang Ma , Meidi Yin , Fengmei Ban , Feng Chen , Tianrun Wang
Understanding the driving mechanisms of dust storm variability on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is crucial for clarifying the coupling of the Asian climate system. However, the long-term dust storm records with robust chronology and high-resolution were remain scarce across the TP, therefore, the driving mechanisms of the dust storm in the western TP during the Holocene are still unclear. Here we present a dust storm record covering the past 10,900 years from Aweng Co in the western TP, and the components, potentially induced by dust-storm process, in core sediments were extracted from the grain-size data of the sediment core by using standard deviation method, in conjunction with analyses of contemporary samples from both the lake surface sediments and the catchment deposits. The results show that dust storm activities were weaker from the early to mid-Holocene before 3.5 cal ka BP (1 ka = 1000 years), and strengthened rapidly afterwards. The high frequency and intensity of dust storm activity in the late Holocene was attributed to both reduced vegetation cover associated with decreased precipitation and strong wind regime. The latter was closely tied to the strengthened intensity and southward displacement of the westerlies, which was modulated by the Siberian High, the negative phase of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and solar activity in the late Holocene. Furthermore, the dust storm activity in the late Holocene exhibited a periodicity of 13 years, 27 years and 216 years, suggesting that solar activity may have played a role in modulating the frequency of the dust storms in the western TP on the decadal-centennial scale.
了解青藏高原沙尘暴变率的驱动机制对阐明亚洲气候系统的耦合具有重要意义。然而，青藏高原上具有可靠年代学和高分辨率的长期沙尘暴记录仍然很少，因此，全新世青藏高原西部沙尘暴的驱动机制仍然不清楚。本文利用青藏高原西部阿翁公司近10900年的沙尘暴记录，结合湖泊表层沉积物和流域沉积物当代样品的分析，利用标准偏差法提取了岩心沉积物中可能由沙尘暴过程引起的成分。结果表明：在3.5 cal ka BP （1 ka = 1000年）之前，全新世早期至中期沙尘暴活动较弱，之后沙尘暴活动迅速增强；全新世晚期沙尘暴活动的高频率和高强度与植被覆盖减少、降水减少和大风状况有关。后者与全新世晚期西伯利亚高压、北大西洋涛动（NAO）负相和太阳活动调制的西风带强度增强和南移密切相关。此外，全新世晚期沙尘暴活动呈现出13年、27年和216年的周期性，表明太阳活动可能在10年-百年尺度上调节了青藏高原西部沙尘暴的发生频率。
{"title":"Holocene dust storm variability in the western Tibetan Plateau: Insights from Aweng Co sequential lake sediment","authors":"Yuzhi Zhang , Mingrui Qiang , Jiawu Zhang , Xueyang Ma , Meidi Yin , Fengmei Ban , Feng Chen , Tianrun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the driving mechanisms of dust storm variability on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is crucial for clarifying the coupling of the Asian climate system. However, the long-term dust storm records with robust chronology and high-resolution were remain scarce across the TP, therefore, the driving mechanisms of the dust storm in the western TP during the Holocene are still unclear. Here we present a dust storm record covering the past 10,900 years from Aweng Co in the western TP, and the components, potentially induced by dust-storm process, in core sediments were extracted from the grain-size data of the sediment core by using standard deviation method, in conjunction with analyses of contemporary samples from both the lake surface sediments and the catchment deposits. The results show that dust storm activities were weaker from the early to mid-Holocene before 3.5 cal ka BP (1 ka = 1000 years), and strengthened rapidly afterwards. The high frequency and intensity of dust storm activity in the late Holocene was attributed to both reduced vegetation cover associated with decreased precipitation and strong wind regime. The latter was closely tied to the strengthened intensity and southward displacement of the westerlies, which was modulated by the Siberian High, the negative phase of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and solar activity in the late Holocene. Furthermore, the dust storm activity in the late Holocene exhibited a periodicity of 13 years, 27 years and 216 years, suggesting that solar activity may have played a role in modulating the frequency of the dust storms in the western TP on the decadal-centennial scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"687 ","pages":"Article 113611"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113609
Linjing Liu , Xin Mao , Lei Song , Xingqi Liu , Dejun Wan , Gaolei Jiang , Jingsong Yang , Hongmei Zhao , Chengmin Wang , Hua Zhao , Rong Ma
Understanding how vegetation responded to abrupt climate change in the past is critical for predicting its future dynamics under rapidly changing conditions. The climatic transition that ended the Holocene humid period provides an ideal case study for investigating the vegetation response to abrupt drying and prolonged drought stress. In this study, a high-resolution pollen analysis and the Regional Estimates of Vegetation Abundance from Large Sites (REVEALS) model, which is based on relative pollen productivity, are used to quantitatively reconstruct the history of vegetation change from a lacustrine sediment sequence in the forest–steppe ecotone of northern China. Through a synthesis of regional pollen data, we reveal that the rapid southward retreat of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) between 6 and 5 ka BP did not cause a simple forest-to-steppe transition. Instead, it drove a shift from moisture-dependent broadleaf forests to drought-tolerant pine forests. We hypothesize that the region's complex topography buffered the environment against forest disappearance under unfavourable climatic conditions. However, the rapid transition from wet to dry climate exacerbated the drought stress on vegetation, driving forest type changes. These findings suggest that under future rapid climate change, vegetation responses may not follow simple advance or retreat patterns but could include the emergence of vegetation types distinct from those in modern forests.
了解过去植被对气候突变的响应对于预测其在快速变化条件下的未来动态至关重要。结束全新世湿润期的气候转变为研究植被对突然干旱和长期干旱胁迫的响应提供了一个理想的研究案例。本文利用高分辨率花粉分析和基于相对花粉生产力的区域植被丰度估算（reveal）模型，定量重建了中国北方森林-草原交错带湖泊沉积序列的植被变化历史。通过对区域花粉资料的综合分析，我们发现东亚夏季风（EASM）在6 ~ 5 ka BP之间的快速南退并没有引起简单的森林到草原的转变。相反，它推动了从依赖水分的阔叶林向耐旱松林的转变。我们假设该地区复杂的地形缓冲了不利气候条件下森林消失的环境。然而，气候从湿润到干燥的快速转变加剧了植被的干旱胁迫，推动了森林类型的变化。这些发现表明，在未来的快速气候变化下，植被响应可能不会遵循简单的前进或后退模式，而可能包括与现代森林中不同的植被类型的出现。
{"title":"Rapid retreat of the East Asian summer monsoon at the end of the Holocene humid period accelerated the transition from broadleaf to pine forest landscapes in northern China","authors":"Linjing Liu , Xin Mao , Lei Song , Xingqi Liu , Dejun Wan , Gaolei Jiang , Jingsong Yang , Hongmei Zhao , Chengmin Wang , Hua Zhao , Rong Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how vegetation responded to abrupt climate change in the past is critical for predicting its future dynamics under rapidly changing conditions. The climatic transition that ended the Holocene humid period provides an ideal case study for investigating the vegetation response to abrupt drying and prolonged drought stress. In this study, a high-resolution pollen analysis and the Regional Estimates of Vegetation Abundance from Large Sites (REVEALS) model, which is based on relative pollen productivity, are used to quantitatively reconstruct the history of vegetation change from a lacustrine sediment sequence in the forest–steppe ecotone of northern China. Through a synthesis of regional pollen data, we reveal that the rapid southward retreat of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) between 6 and 5 ka BP did not cause a simple forest-to-steppe transition. Instead, it drove a shift from moisture-dependent broadleaf forests to drought-tolerant pine forests. We hypothesize that the region's complex topography buffered the environment against forest disappearance under unfavourable climatic conditions. However, the rapid transition from wet to dry climate exacerbated the drought stress on vegetation, driving forest type changes. These findings suggest that under future rapid climate change, vegetation responses may not follow simple advance or retreat patterns but could include the emergence of vegetation types distinct from those in modern forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"687 ","pages":"Article 113609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trace fossils, microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS), palynomorphs and particulate organic matter (POM) found in post-impact sediments in the Gardnos meteorite crater provide evidence of reestablishment of a Neoproterozoic ecosystem in a shallow marine, littoral environment, with sediments covered by microbial mats. Trace fossils are rare and restricted to horizontal burrows, including Gordia, Helminthopsis, Yichnia and poorly preserved tracks resembling Archaeonassa. MISS and water-escape structures are common and include characteristic features like Aristophycus. The recovered organic walled microfossils Trachysphaeridium laminaritum and Sphaerocongregus variabilis indicate a late Neoproterozoic age for the post-impact sediments. Particulate organic matter in deposits comprise dominantly dark grey to black, highly thermally altered amorphous kerogen and fragments of algal material (TAI ∼ 4, temperature ˃ 250 °C). The trace fossils and MISS are typical of Neoproterozoic shallow marine mat-ground environments which existed prior to the development of Phanerozoic mixed-ground ecosystems.
{"title":"Reestablishment of an early life shallow marine ecosystem in the Neoproterozoic Gardnos meteorite impact crater (Norway)","authors":"Morten Smelror , Deta Gasser , Mathew Domeier , Øyvind Hammer","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trace fossils, microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS), palynomorphs and particulate organic matter (POM) found in post-impact sediments in the Gardnos meteorite crater provide evidence of reestablishment of a Neoproterozoic ecosystem in a shallow marine, littoral environment, with sediments covered by microbial mats. Trace fossils are rare and restricted to horizontal burrows, including <em>Gordia</em>, <em>Helminthopsis</em>, <em>Yichnia</em> and poorly preserved tracks resembling <em>Archaeonassa.</em> MISS and water-escape structures are common and include characteristic features like Aristophycus. The recovered organic walled microfossils <em>Trachysphaeridium laminaritum</em> and <em>Sphaerocongregus variabilis</em> indicate a late Neoproterozoic age for the post-impact sediments. Particulate organic matter in deposits comprise dominantly dark grey to black, highly thermally altered amorphous kerogen and fragments of algal material (TAI ∼ 4, temperature ˃ 250 °C). The trace fossils and MISS are typical of Neoproterozoic shallow marine mat-ground environments which existed prior to the development of Phanerozoic mixed-ground ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19928,"journal":{"name":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","volume":"687 ","pages":"Article 113607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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