Petroleum Science最新文献_第7页

Fast beam migration capable of dealing with intersecting events 能够处理交叉事件的快速光束迁移

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2025.10.024

Zhi-Miao Chang , Fu-Xing Han , Zheng-Hui Gao , Zhang-Qing Sun , Shou-Dong Huo , Gang Li , Ming Zhang

Fast beam migration (FBM), characterized by its super-high efficiency in velocity model building, consists of three main steps: beam forming, beam propagation, and image forming. The super-high efficiency is achieved by beam forming, as it needs only to be performed once for one dataset and is independent of velocity, and the other two steps take relatively little time. However, compared to the beam-propagation and image-forming steps, the beam-forming step is still quite time-consuming owing to the high-dimensional computing problem of estimating the source and receiver slope orientation of a beam. Furthermore, previous methods for estimating the source and receiver slope orientation of a beam struggled to deal with intersecting events, leading to poor imaging results for complex subsurface structures, such as unconformities or faults, where events often intersect. We propose the use of a three-step multimodal optimization method based on the neighborhood crowding differential evolution (NCDE) algorithm to estimate the source and receiver slope orientation of a beam during the beam-forming step, which can quickly and accurately obtain slope orientations when events intersect. We first test the three-step multimodal optimization algorithm on a 3D super-gather and provide the parameter criteria. We then apply the FBM based on the three-step multimodal optimization algorithm to the Marmousi 2 and 3D SEG/EAGE salt models. Both results demonstrate that the proposed method can image intersecting events well and that the imaging quality of complex zones is improved. We also apply the proposed method to a 2D offshore seismic dataset containing abundant intersecting events, which validates the practicality of the proposed method.

快速波束偏移（FBM）以其超高的速度模型建立效率为特点，主要包括波束形成、波束传播和图像形成三个步骤。通过波束形成实现了超高的效率，因为它只需要对一个数据集执行一次，并且与速度无关，其他两个步骤花费的时间相对较少。然而，与波束传播和成像步骤相比，波束形成步骤仍然非常耗时，因为估计波束的源和接收斜率方向是高维计算问题。此外，以前估计波束源和接收器斜率方向的方法难以处理相交事件，导致复杂地下结构（如不整合面或断层）的成像结果不佳，这些事件经常相交。提出了一种基于邻域拥挤差分进化（NCDE）算法的三步多模态优化方法，用于波束形成步骤中波束源和接收机的斜率方向估计，该方法可以快速准确地获得事件相交时的斜率方向。首先在三维超集上对三步多模态优化算法进行了测试，并给出了参数准则。然后将基于三步多模态优化算法的FBM应用于Marmousi 2和3D SEG/EAGE盐模型。结果表明，该方法能较好地成像相交事件，提高了复杂区域的成像质量。我们还将该方法应用于一个包含丰富相交事件的海上二维地震数据集，验证了该方法的实用性。

{"title":"Fast beam migration capable of dealing with intersecting events","authors":"Zhi-Miao Chang , Fu-Xing Han , Zheng-Hui Gao , Zhang-Qing Sun , Shou-Dong Huo , Gang Li , Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.10.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.10.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fast beam migration (FBM), characterized by its super-high efficiency in velocity model building, consists of three main steps: beam forming, beam propagation, and image forming. The super-high efficiency is achieved by beam forming, as it needs only to be performed once for one dataset and is independent of velocity, and the other two steps take relatively little time. However, compared to the beam-propagation and image-forming steps, the beam-forming step is still quite time-consuming owing to the high-dimensional computing problem of estimating the source and receiver slope orientation of a beam. Furthermore, previous methods for estimating the source and receiver slope orientation of a beam struggled to deal with intersecting events, leading to poor imaging results for complex subsurface structures, such as unconformities or faults, where events often intersect. We propose the use of a three-step multimodal optimization method based on the neighborhood crowding differential evolution (NCDE) algorithm to estimate the source and receiver slope orientation of a beam during the beam-forming step, which can quickly and accurately obtain slope orientations when events intersect. We first test the three-step multimodal optimization algorithm on a 3D super-gather and provide the parameter criteria. We then apply the FBM based on the three-step multimodal optimization algorithm to the Marmousi 2 and 3D SEG/EAGE salt models. Both results demonstrate that the proposed method can image intersecting events well and that the imaging quality of complex zones is improved. We also apply the proposed method to a 2D offshore seismic dataset containing abundant intersecting events, which validates the practicality of the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 190-204"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147404090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into the evolution of pore structure and novel stress sensitivity determination of porosity-permeability in unconventional rocks 非常规岩石孔隙结构演化及新型应力敏感性孔隙渗透率测定方法研究

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2025.10.023

Heng Wang , Chun-Yu He , Yu-Chen Xin , Hai-Yan Zhu , Zhi-Wu Li , Vladimir Alvarado , Lei Wang

The sensitivity of petrophysical parameters such as porosity and permeability to stress conditions is critical in unconventional reservoir management. Calculation of these dependencies on stress conditions that arise during oil and gas production operations remains a challenge, and despite its importance, is still poorly understood. This study focuses on the quantification of stress-dependent porosity and permeability evolution based on pore size distributions, and validation of the proposed model. To better understand the pore structure dynamic evolution and link it to rock properties, i.e. pore type, shape, and mineral composition, two tight sandstone and two shale rock samples were characterized. First, samples were assessed via Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). Then, porosity and permeability were measured at different confining pressures. As proxy for the pore structure, the pore-size distribution (PSD) was determined via interpretation of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) T₂ distribution. Results show that porosity and permeability decrease as the effective stress is increased, as anticipated. The detailed analysis shows that this dependence is dominated by the percentage of clay and organic matter, and the initial microstructure. Here, we proposed a connection between rock microstructure and petrophysical properties that relies on PSD, which in turn connects the T₂ distributions to stress-dependent porosity and permeability. The proposed stress sensitivity model that accounts for changes in PSD agrees well with the experimental data, better than predictions using other models. Our findings contribute to the understanding of dynamic rock petrophysical evolution and the response to the pore/fracture deformation with the adjustment of stress in subsurface activities.

岩石物性参数（如孔隙度和渗透率）对应力条件的敏感性在非常规油藏管理中至关重要。在油气生产过程中，计算这些对应力条件的依赖关系仍然是一个挑战，尽管它很重要，但人们对它的了解仍然很少。本研究的重点是基于孔隙尺寸分布的应力相关孔隙度和渗透率演化的量化，并对所提出的模型进行验证。为了更好地了解孔隙结构的动态演化，并将其与岩石性质（孔隙类型、形状和矿物组成）联系起来，对2个致密砂岩和2个页岩样品进行了表征。首先，通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）对样品进行评估。然后，在不同围压下测量孔隙度和渗透率。作为孔隙结构的代表，孔隙大小分布（PSD）通过核磁共振（NMR） T2分布的解释来确定。结果表明，孔隙度和渗透率随有效应力的增大而减小，与预期一致。详细分析表明，这种依赖主要是由粘土和有机质的含量以及初始微观结构决定的。在这里，我们提出了依赖于PSD的岩石微观结构和岩石物理性质之间的联系，这反过来又将T2分布与应力相关的孔隙度和渗透率联系起来。提出的应力敏感性模型解释了PSD的变化，与实验数据吻合较好，优于使用其他模型的预测。研究结果有助于理解岩石岩石物理动态演化过程，以及地下活动中应力调节对孔隙/裂缝变形的响应。

{"title":"Insights into the evolution of pore structure and novel stress sensitivity determination of porosity-permeability in unconventional rocks","authors":"Heng Wang , Chun-Yu He , Yu-Chen Xin , Hai-Yan Zhu , Zhi-Wu Li , Vladimir Alvarado , Lei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.10.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.10.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sensitivity of petrophysical parameters such as porosity and permeability to stress conditions is critical in unconventional reservoir management. Calculation of these dependencies on stress conditions that arise during oil and gas production operations remains a challenge, and despite its importance, is still poorly understood. This study focuses on the quantification of stress-dependent porosity and permeability evolution based on pore size distributions, and validation of the proposed model. To better understand the pore structure dynamic evolution and link it to rock properties, i.e. pore type, shape, and mineral composition, two tight sandstone and two shale rock samples were characterized. First, samples were assessed via Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). Then, porosity and permeability were measured at different confining pressures. As proxy for the pore structure, the pore-size distribution (PSD) was determined via interpretation of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) <em>T</em><sub>2</sub> distribution. Results show that porosity and permeability decrease as the effective stress is increased, as anticipated. The detailed analysis shows that this dependence is dominated by the percentage of clay and organic matter, and the initial microstructure. Here, we proposed a connection between rock microstructure and petrophysical properties that relies on PSD, which in turn connects the <em>T</em><sub>2</sub> distributions to stress-dependent porosity and permeability. The proposed stress sensitivity model that accounts for changes in PSD agrees well with the experimental data, better than predictions using other models. Our findings contribute to the understanding of dynamic rock petrophysical evolution and the response to the pore/fracture deformation with the adjustment of stress in subsurface activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 317-331"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147404082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TOC TOC

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/S1995-8226(26)00033-6

引用次数: 0

Particle dynamics and wear characteristics of lining layers in curved non-metallic flexible pipes for deep-sea mining 深海矿用弯曲非金属挠性管衬层颗粒动力学及磨损特性

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2025.11.015

Ying-Ying Wang , Yun-Di Liu , Ze-Qing Lin , Hai-Bo Sun , Zhuo Cheng , Ke Wang , Ding-Wen Huang

Wear of the internal lining in the non-metallic flexible pipes (NMFPs) is a critical issue in long-distance hydraulic lifting for deep-sea mining, as it can lead to structural failure and reduced service life. The non-homogeneous, discontinuous flow of unevenly sized mineral particles, especially in the curved sections of the pipe, complicates the analysis of particle motion and wear characteristics. This research presents a numerical simulation model of particle dynamics in the internal layers of curved NMFPs, developed using the CFD-DEM coupling method, based on Hertz-Mindlin contact theory and the Archard wear model. The model captures the particle-particle and particle-wall collision behaviors, alongside energy dissipation patterns. A parametric analysis of the wear process was conducted to evaluate the service life of the bent NMFP. Results indicate that particle collision frequency and energy dissipation correlate with increased wear, while higher conveying speeds and larger particle diameters intensify wear. Under specified conditions of 6 m/s conveying speed and a maximum particle concentration of 0.15, an NMFP with a 10 mm internal layer thickness is estimated to last 3.65 years. These findings provide a technical reference for optimizing conveying parameters and minimizing internal wear in deep-sea hydraulic lifting systems at depths of 6000 m.

非金属挠性管道内衬磨损是深海采矿长距离液压举升中存在的一个关键问题，它可能导致结构破坏，降低使用寿命。粒度不均匀的矿物颗粒的不均匀、不连续流动，特别是在管道的弯曲段，使颗粒运动和磨损特性的分析复杂化。本文基于Hertz-Mindlin接触理论和Archard磨损模型，采用CFD-DEM耦合方法建立了弯曲nmfp内层颗粒动力学的数值模拟模型。该模型捕获了粒子-粒子和粒子-壁面碰撞行为，以及能量耗散模式。对弯曲NMFP的使用寿命进行了参数化分析。结果表明，颗粒碰撞频率和能量耗散与磨损增加有关，而更高的输送速度和更大的颗粒直径加剧了磨损。在输送速度为6 m/s，最大颗粒浓度为0.15的条件下，内层厚度为10 mm的NMFP预计使用寿命为3.65年。研究结果为6000 m深海液压举升系统优化输送参数、减少内部磨损提供了技术参考。

{"title":"Particle dynamics and wear characteristics of lining layers in curved non-metallic flexible pipes for deep-sea mining","authors":"Ying-Ying Wang , Yun-Di Liu , Ze-Qing Lin , Hai-Bo Sun , Zhuo Cheng , Ke Wang , Ding-Wen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.11.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wear of the internal lining in the non-metallic flexible pipes (NMFPs) is a critical issue in long-distance hydraulic lifting for deep-sea mining, as it can lead to structural failure and reduced service life. The non-homogeneous, discontinuous flow of unevenly sized mineral particles, especially in the curved sections of the pipe, complicates the analysis of particle motion and wear characteristics. This research presents a numerical simulation model of particle dynamics in the internal layers of curved NMFPs, developed using the CFD-DEM coupling method, based on Hertz-Mindlin contact theory and the Archard wear model. The model captures the particle-particle and particle-wall collision behaviors, alongside energy dissipation patterns. A parametric analysis of the wear process was conducted to evaluate the service life of the bent NMFP. Results indicate that particle collision frequency and energy dissipation correlate with increased wear, while higher conveying speeds and larger particle diameters intensify wear. Under specified conditions of 6 m/s conveying speed and a maximum particle concentration of 0.15, an NMFP with a 10 mm internal layer thickness is estimated to last 3.65 years. These findings provide a technical reference for optimizing conveying parameters and minimizing internal wear in deep-sea hydraulic lifting systems at depths of 6000 m.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 447-463"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147404353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiscale anisotropic mechanical properties of oil shale: New insights from nanoindentation profiling 油页岩多尺度各向异性力学特性：纳米压痕剖面的新见解

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2025.09.011

Zi-Geng Pei , Guang-Lei Cui , Yong-Ting Duan , Yu-Ling Tan , Derek Elsworth , Wang-Xing Cheng , Ning-Liang Sun , Zhe-Jun Pan

Oil shale reservoirs are characterized by significant heterogeneity in mineral components and pronounced anisotropy in micromechanical properties—both influencing resource recovery. We couple fine-scale nanoindentation and mineral analyzer (Tescan Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA)) profiling of the mechanical properties and components of oil shale samples from the Ordos Basin, China. We use an updated clustering method, including a more precise way to delineate mineral boundaries, to precisely categorize the numerous nanoindentation test data into mineral composition groups. The lowest-to-highest ranking of Young's modulus and fracture toughness values in our samples is in the order clay, quartz, feldspar, dolomite, and then pyrite. Anisotropic characteristics of each phase were determined at various scales, with values of Young's modulus and fracture toughness are higher on surfaces parallel to the bedding plane than on those perpendicular to it. The clay-rich dark phase exhibits lower Young's modulus, making its pore structures more prone to collapse during gas depletion. Conversely, the fracture toughness of the bright phase is higher than that of the dark phase, causing the hydraulic fracturing to more easily penetrate through the dark phase and stop at the bright phase boundary. These divergences in mechanical properties are caused by the microstructure of the oil shale during sedimentation: the discrete distribution of hard minerals in the bright phase constrains deformation, while the lamellar clay layers in the dark phase provide less restriction. Upgraded mesoscopic mechanical parameters obtained from the modified Mori-Tanaka method, incorporating a shape factor, return results close to reality. Young's modulus and fracture toughness are lower at the mesoscale than at the microscale, indicating greater rigidity and toughness in fine structures. This study provides important insights into the cross-scale deformation and fracture behavior of shale, highlighting its impact on reservoir deformation, fracture propagation, and oil recovery efficiency.

油页岩储层具有显著的矿物成分非均质性和显著的微观力学性质各向异性，两者都影响着资源的采收率。利用纳米压痕和矿物分析仪（Tescan Integrated mineral analyzer， TIMA）对鄂尔多斯盆地油页岩样品的力学性质和组分进行了分析。我们使用一种更新的聚类方法，包括一种更精确的描绘矿物边界的方法，将大量纳米压痕测试数据精确地分类为矿物组成组。样品的杨氏模量和断裂韧性值从低到高依次为粘土、石英、长石、白云石、黄铁矿。在不同尺度上测定了各相的各向异性特征，平行于顺层面的杨氏模量和断裂韧性值高于垂直于顺层面的。富粘土暗相具有较低的杨氏模量，使其孔隙结构在天然气枯竭过程中更容易坍塌。反之，亮相的断裂韧性高于暗相，使得水力压裂更容易穿透暗相，在亮相边界处停止。这些力学性能的差异是由油页岩沉积过程中的微观结构引起的：亮相中硬矿物的离散分布限制了变形，而暗相中的层状粘土层对变形的限制较小。通过改进的Mori-Tanaka方法获得的升级的介观力学参数，结合形状因子，返回接近现实的结果。细观尺度下的杨氏模量和断裂韧性低于微观尺度下的杨氏模量和断裂韧性，表明细观结构具有较高的刚性和韧性。该研究为页岩的跨尺度变形和裂缝行为提供了重要的见解，突出了其对储层变形、裂缝扩展和采收率的影响。

{"title":"Multiscale anisotropic mechanical properties of oil shale: New insights from nanoindentation profiling","authors":"Zi-Geng Pei , Guang-Lei Cui , Yong-Ting Duan , Yu-Ling Tan , Derek Elsworth , Wang-Xing Cheng , Ning-Liang Sun , Zhe-Jun Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil shale reservoirs are characterized by significant heterogeneity in mineral components and pronounced anisotropy in micromechanical properties—both influencing resource recovery. We couple fine-scale nanoindentation and mineral analyzer (Tescan Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA)) profiling of the mechanical properties and components of oil shale samples from the Ordos Basin, China. We use an updated clustering method, including a more precise way to delineate mineral boundaries, to precisely categorize the numerous nanoindentation test data into mineral composition groups. The lowest-to-highest ranking of Young's modulus and fracture toughness values in our samples is in the order clay, quartz, feldspar, dolomite, and then pyrite. Anisotropic characteristics of each phase were determined at various scales, with values of Young's modulus and fracture toughness are higher on surfaces parallel to the bedding plane than on those perpendicular to it. The clay-rich dark phase exhibits lower Young's modulus, making its pore structures more prone to collapse during gas depletion. Conversely, the fracture toughness of the bright phase is higher than that of the dark phase, causing the hydraulic fracturing to more easily penetrate through the dark phase and stop at the bright phase boundary. These divergences in mechanical properties are caused by the microstructure of the oil shale during sedimentation: the discrete distribution of hard minerals in the bright phase constrains deformation, while the lamellar clay layers in the dark phase provide less restriction. Upgraded mesoscopic mechanical parameters obtained from the modified Mori-Tanaka method, incorporating a shape factor, return results close to reality. Young's modulus and fracture toughness are lower at the mesoscale than at the microscale, indicating greater rigidity and toughness in fine structures. This study provides important insights into the cross-scale deformation and fracture behavior of shale, highlighting its impact on reservoir deformation, fracture propagation, and oil recovery efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 33-51"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147404517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

OFC 离岸金融中心

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/S1995-8226(26)00031-2

引用次数: 0

In-situ pressure-preserved coring for deep resources exploration: A novel pressure sealing subsystem and its service performance 深部资源勘探就地保压取心：一种新型压封子系统及其使用性能

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2025.10.031

Da Guo , Ling Chen , Jia-Nan Li , Le Zhao , Yi-Wei Zhang , Ding-Ming Wang , Xin Fang , Zhi-Qiang He , Lin Dai , He-Ping Xie

In-situ pressure coring technology is a responsible exploration technique for enhancing the efficiency and capacity of deep resources development. However, reliability issues in pressure sealing introduce significant uncertainty in field applications of this technology. This work presents a novel pressure sealing subsystem within the in-situ pressure-preserved coring system to overcome the inherent problem. The design concept and structure composition of the pressure sealing subsystem are described. To enhance pressure sealing reliability in real downhole conditions, the subsystem incorporates a dynamic sealing structure between the inner tube and the pressure bearing tube, and a close-fitting sealing face between the pressure controller and the bottom of the inner tube. Theoretical calculations and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to evaluate the mechanical behavior and fluid flow characteristics within the pressure sealing subsystem, determining the structural effects on performance. A smaller pump displacement during inner tube lifting and a moderate overflow hole diameter of 7 mm enhance the success rate of a sequence of mechanical actions required for the in-situ pressure sealing. Numerical, laboratory, and field tests were conducted to verify the service performance. Numerical analysis indicates that the particle settlement ratio in the novel structure is only 32% of that in the original design. In laboratory downhole circulation and drilling tests, the pressure sealing subsystem successfully maintained an in-situ pressure of 0.2 MPa at a depth of approximately 9–10 m. In field applications, a 1.95 m in-situ core sample was retrieved at 22 MPa from a depth of approximately 1970 m.

地压取心技术是提高深部资源开发效率和能力的负责任勘探技术。然而，压力密封的可靠性问题给该技术的现场应用带来了很大的不确定性。本文提出了一种在原位保压取心系统内的新型压力密封子系统，以克服固有的问题。介绍了压力密封子系统的设计思想和结构组成。为了提高井下实际条件下的压力密封可靠性，该子系统在内管与承压管之间采用了动态密封结构，在压力控制器与内管底部之间采用了紧密配合密封面。通过理论计算和计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟，评估了压力密封子系统的力学行为和流体流动特性，确定了结构对性能的影响。内管提升过程中较小的泵排量和适度的溢流孔直径（7mm）提高了原位压力密封所需的一系列机械动作的成功率。进行了数值、实验室和现场测试，以验证服务性能。数值分析表明，新型结构的颗粒沉降比仅为原设计的32%。在实验室井下循环和钻井测试中，压力密封子系统成功地在大约9-10米的深度保持了0.2 MPa的原位压力。在现场应用中，在22mpa下从大约1970 m的深度提取了1.95 m的岩心样本。

{"title":"In-situ pressure-preserved coring for deep resources exploration: A novel pressure sealing subsystem and its service performance","authors":"Da Guo , Ling Chen , Jia-Nan Li , Le Zhao , Yi-Wei Zhang , Ding-Ming Wang , Xin Fang , Zhi-Qiang He , Lin Dai , He-Ping Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.10.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.10.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In-situ pressure coring technology is a responsible exploration technique for enhancing the efficiency and capacity of deep resources development. However, reliability issues in pressure sealing introduce significant uncertainty in field applications of this technology. This work presents a novel pressure sealing subsystem within the in-situ pressure-preserved coring system to overcome the inherent problem. The design concept and structure composition of the pressure sealing subsystem are described. To enhance pressure sealing reliability in real downhole conditions, the subsystem incorporates a dynamic sealing structure between the inner tube and the pressure bearing tube, and a close-fitting sealing face between the pressure controller and the bottom of the inner tube. Theoretical calculations and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to evaluate the mechanical behavior and fluid flow characteristics within the pressure sealing subsystem, determining the structural effects on performance. A smaller pump displacement during inner tube lifting and a moderate overflow hole diameter of 7 mm enhance the success rate of a sequence of mechanical actions required for the in-situ pressure sealing. Numerical, laboratory, and field tests were conducted to verify the service performance. Numerical analysis indicates that the particle settlement ratio in the novel structure is only 32% of that in the original design. In laboratory downhole circulation and drilling tests, the pressure sealing subsystem successfully maintained an in-situ pressure of 0.2 MPa at a depth of approximately 9–10 m. In field applications, a 1.95 m in-situ core sample was retrieved at 22 MPa from a depth of approximately 1970 m.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 262-277"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147404087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel semi-analytical model for pressure transient analysis of fault-controlled fractured-caved gas reservoirs and field applications 断裂控制缝洞型气藏压力瞬态分析半解析模型及现场应用

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2025.11.002

Pin Jia, Quan-Yu Pan, Jia Li, Jiang-Peng Hu, Yu-Cheng Wu, Lin-Song Cheng

Fractured-caved gas reservoirs are widely distributed and hold substantial reserves in northwestern China, showing considerable development potential. However, their strong heterogeneity and significant variations present challenges. Conventional multi-media well test interpretation models are not well-suited to fractured-caved gas reservoirs, while more suitable numerical models often require lengthy modeling times and extensive computations. To address these limitations, this paper introduces an efficient semi-analytical well test interpretation model adaptable to various fracture–cave combinations. This model integrates methods such as fluid flow and storage flow theory, the point source solution method, and multi-parameter optimization. Results demonstrate that for different wellbore–fracture–cave configurations, the point source solution method requires only the construction of a coupled solution matrix for each unit to obtain the pressure and flow rate distributions, significantly reducing the workload associated with model setup and solution. Additionally, applying the semi-analytical models to typical wells in the Shunbei field yielded strong fitting accuracy and effectively inverted key parameters related to the wellbore, fracture regions, and caves. The models developed in this paper provide valuable guidance for the efficient development of fractured-caved reservoirs.

缝洞型气藏在西北地区分布广泛，储量可观，具有较大的开发潜力。然而，它们强烈的异质性和显著的差异带来了挑战。传统的多媒体试井解释模型并不适合缝洞型气藏，而更合适的数值模型往往需要较长的建模时间和大量的计算。为了解决这些局限性，本文介绍了一种适用于各种缝洞组合的高效半分析试井解释模型。该模型综合了流体流动理论、存储流理论、点源解法和多参数优化等方法。结果表明，对于不同的井缝洞配置，点源求解方法只需为每个单元构建一个耦合求解矩阵即可获得压力和流速分布，大大减少了模型建立和求解的工作量。此外，将半解析模型应用于顺北油田的典型井，获得了较好的拟合精度，并有效地反演了与井筒、裂缝区域和溶洞相关的关键参数。本文建立的模型对缝洞型油藏的高效开发具有重要的指导意义。

{"title":"A novel semi-analytical model for pressure transient analysis of fault-controlled fractured-caved gas reservoirs and field applications","authors":"Pin Jia, Quan-Yu Pan, Jia Li, Jiang-Peng Hu, Yu-Cheng Wu, Lin-Song Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fractured-caved gas reservoirs are widely distributed and hold substantial reserves in northwestern China, showing considerable development potential. However, their strong heterogeneity and significant variations present challenges. Conventional multi-media well test interpretation models are not well-suited to fractured-caved gas reservoirs, while more suitable numerical models often require lengthy modeling times and extensive computations. To address these limitations, this paper introduces an efficient semi-analytical well test interpretation model adaptable to various fracture–cave combinations. This model integrates methods such as fluid flow and storage flow theory, the point source solution method, and multi-parameter optimization. Results demonstrate that for different wellbore–fracture–cave configurations, the point source solution method requires only the construction of a coupled solution matrix for each unit to obtain the pressure and flow rate distributions, significantly reducing the workload associated with model setup and solution. Additionally, applying the semi-analytical models to typical wells in the Shunbei field yielded strong fitting accuracy and effectively inverted key parameters related to the wellbore, fracture regions, and caves. The models developed in this paper provide valuable guidance for the efficient development of fractured-caved reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 332-349"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147404352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of multiple fractured layers using a rock-physics-based shear wave splitting analysis: Application to four-component VSP 基于岩石物理的剪切波分裂分析表征多裂缝层：在四分量VSP中的应用

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2025.09.038

Yi-Bo Chai , Feng Zhang , Tao Xu , Zhen Zou , Xiang-Yang Li

Shear wave splitting (SWS) analysis has been widely employed for fracture characterization in both global seismology and seismic exploration. Two key SWS attributes—fast shear wave polarization and the time delay between fast and slow shear waves—can be inverted from four-component seismic data (two horizontal sources and two horizontal receivers). These SWS attributes enable the characterization of subsurface fracture parameters, such as fracture strike and density. In this study, a nine-component vertical seismic profile (VSP) survey was acquired in the Sanhu Depression of the eastern Qaidam Basin, northwestern China. Preliminary analysis of the shear-wave source VSP data reveals two distinct SWS signatures at different depths, corresponding to two separate fractured layers. However, characterizing multiple fractured layers presents significant challenges, as the SWS attributes of deeper fractured layers are strongly influenced by those of overlying fractured formations. Existing approaches for predicting multi-layer fracture parameters are predominantly data-driven and are largely limited to qualitative analysis. To address these challenges, we propose a robust, rock-physics-model-guided method that enables the quantitative estimation of both the fracture strike and fracture density in multiple fractured layers. First, the parameters of the shallow fractured layer are directly estimated from the SWS attributes. Then, synthetic VSP records of the deeper fractured layer are modeled by incorporating Hudson's theory and the reflectivity method. The fracture parameters of the deep fractured layer are inverted by minimizing the difference between the SWS attributes of synthetic records and those of the actual seismic data. A hierarchical search strategy (coarse-scale + refined-scale) is employed to accelerate convergence toward the optimal solution. This investigation provides a practical tool for quantitative characterization of subsurface formations with multiple fractured layers.

剪切波分裂（SWS）分析在全球地震学和地震勘探中都被广泛应用于裂缝表征。从四分量地震数据（两个水平震源和两个水平接收器）中可以反演出SWS的两个关键属性——快速横波极化和快、慢横波之间的时间延迟。这些SWS属性可以表征地下裂缝参数，如裂缝走向和密度。本文在柴达木盆地东部三湖坳陷进行了九分量垂直地震剖面（VSP）测量。对剪切波源VSP数据的初步分析显示，在不同深度有两个不同的SWS特征，对应于两个独立的裂缝层。然而，由于深层裂缝层的SWS属性受上覆裂缝层的SWS属性的强烈影响，因此对多裂缝层进行表征存在重大挑战。现有的预测多层裂缝参数的方法主要是数据驱动的，很大程度上局限于定性分析。为了应对这些挑战，我们提出了一种强大的岩石物理模型指导方法，可以定量估计多个裂缝层的裂缝走向和裂缝密度。首先，直接从SWS属性估计浅层裂缝层的参数；在此基础上，结合Hudson理论和反射率法，对深部裂缝层的VSP合成记录进行建模。通过最小化合成记录的SWS属性与实际地震资料的差异，反演了深部裂缝层的裂缝参数。采用层次搜索策略（粗尺度+精尺度）加速算法向最优解的收敛。该研究为具有多裂缝层的地下地层的定量表征提供了实用工具。

{"title":"Characterization of multiple fractured layers using a rock-physics-based shear wave splitting analysis: Application to four-component VSP","authors":"Yi-Bo Chai , Feng Zhang , Tao Xu , Zhen Zou , Xiang-Yang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.09.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.09.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shear wave splitting (SWS) analysis has been widely employed for fracture characterization in both global seismology and seismic exploration. Two key SWS attributes—fast shear wave polarization and the time delay between fast and slow shear waves—can be inverted from four-component seismic data (two horizontal sources and two horizontal receivers). These SWS attributes enable the characterization of subsurface fracture parameters, such as fracture strike and density. In this study, a nine-component vertical seismic profile (VSP) survey was acquired in the Sanhu Depression of the eastern Qaidam Basin, northwestern China. Preliminary analysis of the shear-wave source VSP data reveals two distinct SWS signatures at different depths, corresponding to two separate fractured layers. However, characterizing multiple fractured layers presents significant challenges, as the SWS attributes of deeper fractured layers are strongly influenced by those of overlying fractured formations. Existing approaches for predicting multi-layer fracture parameters are predominantly data-driven and are largely limited to qualitative analysis. To address these challenges, we propose a robust, rock-physics-model-guided method that enables the quantitative estimation of both the fracture strike and fracture density in multiple fractured layers. First, the parameters of the shallow fractured layer are directly estimated from the SWS attributes. Then, synthetic VSP records of the deeper fractured layer are modeled by incorporating Hudson's theory and the reflectivity method. The fracture parameters of the deep fractured layer are inverted by minimizing the difference between the SWS attributes of synthetic records and those of the actual seismic data. A hierarchical search strategy (coarse-scale + refined-scale) is employed to accelerate convergence toward the optimal solution. This investigation provides a practical tool for quantitative characterization of subsurface formations with multiple fractured layers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 178-189"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147404433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal evolution of the Paleozoic in the eastern Sichuan Basin: Insights from thermochronometric analyses and basin modeling 四川盆地东部古生代热演化：来自热年代学分析和盆地模拟的启示

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Petroleum Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2025.08.030

Xin Liu , Nan-Sheng Qiu , Qian-Qian Feng

Eastern Sichuan Basin is a critical region for oil and gas production in China, and the thermal effect of the Emeishan Mantle Plume (EMP) on the basin remains unclear, which limits the study of the Paleozoic hydrocarbon accumulation process. Thus, clarifying the thermal history is crucial for oil and gas evaluation and exploration. This study combines zircon fission track (ZFT), zircon (U-Th)/He (ZHe), and vitrinite reflectance analyses to reconstruct the thermal history since the Paleozoic and investigate the maturity evolution of Paleozoic source rocks in the eastern Sichuan Basin. Additionally, the contributing factors of the Permian abnormal heat flow and the thermal effect range of the EMP were analyzed. Thermal history results show a stable low heat flow phase (45–55 mW/m²) from the Cambrian to Permian, a rapid increase to peak values (62–70 mW/m²) during the Middle Permian, and a gradual decline to current stable values (47–62 mW/m²) from the Triassic onward. Thermal evolution revealed that Paleozoic source rocks exhibited maturation stagnation due to tectonic events, while the Permian peak heat flow and the Jurassic-Late Cretaceous rapid burial accelerated maturation. The Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation source rocks began generating hydrocarbons (R_equ = 0.5%) in the Late Cambrian–Late Ordovician and Late Silurian–Early Devonian, respectively, while it was Late Permian–Early Triassic for Permian source rocks. Peak maturity (R_equ > 2%) occurred in the Late Cretaceous, with natural gas as the dominant product. The EMP significantly influenced the thermal regime of the western and central Sichuan Basin, with a thermal effect radius of ∼600–650 km. In contrast, the Permian thermal anomaly in the eastern Sichuan Basin is attributed to the lithospheric extension associated with the Middle Permian Kaijiang-Liangping trough. These findings provide critical insights for deep and ultra-deep gas exploration and enhance the understanding of the EMP's regional thermal impacts.

川东盆地是中国油气生产的关键地区，峨眉山地幔柱对盆地的热效应尚不清楚，限制了古生代油气成藏过程的研究。因此，明确热史对油气评价和勘探具有重要意义。结合锆石裂变径迹（ZFT）、锆石(U-Th)/He（喆）和镜质组反射率分析，重建了川东地区古生代以来的热史，探讨了川东地区古生代烃源岩的成熟度演化。分析了二叠系异常热流成因及电磁脉冲热效应范围。热史结果表明，寒武纪至二叠纪为稳定的低热流阶段（45 ~ 55 mW/m2），中二叠纪快速上升至峰值（62 ~ 70 mW/m2），三叠纪以后逐渐下降至目前的稳定值（47 ~ 62 mW/m2）。热演化表明，古生代烃源岩受构造事件影响成熟停滞，二叠纪热流高峰和侏罗纪-晚白垩世快速埋藏加速了烃源岩成熟。寒武系筇竹寺组烃源岩和志留系龙马溪组烃源岩分别在晚寒武世—晚奥陶世和晚志留世—早泥盆世开始生烃（Requ = 0.5%），而二叠系烃源岩则在晚二叠世—早三叠世开始生烃。晚白垩世成熟度达到峰值（要求为2%），以天然气为主导产物。EMP显著影响了四川盆地西部和中部的热状态，热效应半径为~ 600 ~ 650 km。四川盆地东部二叠纪热异常与中二叠统开江—梁平槽相关的岩石圈伸展有关。这些发现为深层和超深层天然气勘探提供了重要的见解，并增强了对EMP区域热影响的理解。

{"title":"Thermal evolution of the Paleozoic in the eastern Sichuan Basin: Insights from thermochronometric analyses and basin modeling","authors":"Xin Liu , Nan-Sheng Qiu , Qian-Qian Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.08.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.08.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eastern Sichuan Basin is a critical region for oil and gas production in China, and the thermal effect of the Emeishan Mantle Plume (EMP) on the basin remains unclear, which limits the study of the Paleozoic hydrocarbon accumulation process. Thus, clarifying the thermal history is crucial for oil and gas evaluation and exploration. This study combines zircon fission track (ZFT), zircon (U-Th)/He (ZHe), and vitrinite reflectance analyses to reconstruct the thermal history since the Paleozoic and investigate the maturity evolution of Paleozoic source rocks in the eastern Sichuan Basin. Additionally, the contributing factors of the Permian abnormal heat flow and the thermal effect range of the EMP were analyzed. Thermal history results show a stable low heat flow phase (45–55 mW/m<sup>2</sup>) from the Cambrian to Permian, a rapid increase to peak values (62–70 mW/m<sup>2</sup>) during the Middle Permian, and a gradual decline to current stable values (47–62 mW/m<sup>2</sup>) from the Triassic onward. Thermal evolution revealed that Paleozoic source rocks exhibited maturation stagnation due to tectonic events, while the Permian peak heat flow and the Jurassic-Late Cretaceous rapid burial accelerated maturation. The Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation source rocks began generating hydrocarbons (<em>R</em><sub>equ</sub> = 0.5%) in the Late Cambrian–Late Ordovician and Late Silurian–Early Devonian, respectively, while it was Late Permian–Early Triassic for Permian source rocks. Peak maturity (<em>R</em><sub>equ</sub> > 2%) occurred in the Late Cretaceous, with natural gas as the dominant product. The EMP significantly influenced the thermal regime of the western and central Sichuan Basin, with a thermal effect radius of ∼600–650 km. In contrast, the Permian thermal anomaly in the eastern Sichuan Basin is attributed to the lithospheric extension associated with the Middle Permian Kaijiang-Liangping trough. These findings provide critical insights for deep and ultra-deep gas exploration and enhance the understanding of the EMP's regional thermal impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 11","pages":"Pages 4428-4445"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145697918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0