Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.024519
E. Yelton, C. P. Larson, V. Iaia, K. Dodge, G. La Magna, P. G. Baity, I. V. Pechenezhskiy, R. McDermott, N. A. Kurinsky, G. Catelani, B. L. T. Plourde
Correlated errors caused by ionizing radiation impacting superconducting qubit chips are problematic for quantum error correction. Such impacts generate quasiparticle (QP) excitations in the qubit electrodes, which temporarily reduce qubit coherence significantly. The many energetic phonons produced by a particle impact travel efficiently throughout the device substrate and generate quasiparticles with high probability, thus causing errors on a large fraction of the qubits in an array simultaneously. We describe a comprehensive strategy for the numerical simulation of the phonon and quasiparticle dynamics in the aftermath of an impact. We compare the simulations with experimental measurements of phonon-mediated QP poisoning and demonstrate that our modeling captures the spatial and temporal footprint of the QP poisoning for various configurations of phonon down-conversion structures. We thus present a path forward for the operation of superconducting quantum processors in the presence of ionizing radiation.
{"title":"Modeling phonon-mediated quasiparticle poisoning in superconducting qubit arrays","authors":"E. Yelton, C. P. Larson, V. Iaia, K. Dodge, G. La Magna, P. G. Baity, I. V. Pechenezhskiy, R. McDermott, N. A. Kurinsky, G. Catelani, B. L. T. Plourde","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.024519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.024519","url":null,"abstract":"Correlated errors caused by ionizing radiation impacting superconducting qubit chips are problematic for quantum error correction. Such impacts generate quasiparticle (QP) excitations in the qubit electrodes, which temporarily reduce qubit coherence significantly. The many energetic phonons produced by a particle impact travel efficiently throughout the device substrate and generate quasiparticles with high probability, thus causing errors on a large fraction of the qubits in an array simultaneously. We describe a comprehensive strategy for the numerical simulation of the phonon and quasiparticle dynamics in the aftermath of an impact. We compare the simulations with experimental measurements of phonon-mediated QP poisoning and demonstrate that our modeling captures the spatial and temporal footprint of the QP poisoning for various configurations of phonon down-conversion structures. We thus present a path forward for the operation of superconducting quantum processors in the presence of ionizing radiation.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.035160
Fernando P. Sabino, Xin Gang Zhao, Gustavo M. Dalpian, Alex Zunger
Halide perovskite (HP) materials have recently emerged as a class of semiconductors with immense promise for various optoelectronic applications, ranging from solar cells to light-emitting diodes. One of the unique attributes of HPs is their tunable band gaps with different factors governing their value. The first factor is related to relativistic corrections [“mass-Darwin,” connected to the lone pairs, and spin-orbit coupling (SOC)] that induce an orbital shift or degeneracy splitting, resulting in a band-gap reduction. The second factor involves the structural configuration: in HPs the local symmetry of each Wyckoff position tends to be broken, inducing an opening of the band gap. Based on high-throughput density functional theory calculations, this paper systematically studies a possible self-cancelation on the band-gap correction for HPs when the polymorphous configuration—structural effects—and the SOC—electronic effects—are included. Our results indicate that the nature of interplay between SOC and symmetry breaking (SB) is that they are independent decoupling effects to describe the band-gap magnitude in halide perovskites. As a result of that, we observe a transitivity of the band-gap description; i.e., if we know the band gap of halide perovskites without SB and SOC, we can independently add the effects of band-gap reduction due to SOC and band-gap opening due to SB, regardless of the order in which these effects are considered.
{"title":"Impact of symmetry breaking and spin-orbit coupling on the band gap of halide perovskites","authors":"Fernando P. Sabino, Xin Gang Zhao, Gustavo M. Dalpian, Alex Zunger","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.035160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.035160","url":null,"abstract":"Halide perovskite (HP) materials have recently emerged as a class of semiconductors with immense promise for various optoelectronic applications, ranging from solar cells to light-emitting diodes. One of the unique attributes of HPs is their tunable band gaps with different factors governing their value. The first factor is related to relativistic corrections [“mass-Darwin,” connected to the <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi>n</mi><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math> lone pairs, and spin-orbit coupling (SOC)] that induce an orbital shift or degeneracy splitting, resulting in a band-gap reduction. The second factor involves the structural configuration: in HPs the local symmetry of each Wyckoff position tends to be broken, inducing an opening of the band gap. Based on high-throughput density functional theory calculations, this paper systematically studies a possible self-cancelation on the band-gap correction for HPs when the polymorphous configuration—structural effects—and the SOC—electronic effects—are included. Our results indicate that the nature of interplay between SOC and symmetry breaking (SB) is that they are independent decoupling effects to describe the band-gap magnitude in halide perovskites. As a result of that, we observe a transitivity of the band-gap description; i.e., if we know the band gap of halide perovskites without SB and SOC, we can independently add the effects of band-gap reduction due to SOC and band-gap opening due to SB, regardless of the order in which these effects are considered.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.024521
Jianhua Yang, Tao Li
There are two seemingly unrelated puzzles about the cuprate superconductors. The first puzzle concerns the strong non-BCS behavior around , the end point of the superconducting dome on the overdoped side, where the cuprate is believed to be well described by the Fermi-liquid theory. This is the most evident in the observed scaling and the large amount of uncondensed optical spectral weight at low energy. The second puzzle concerns the remarkable robustness of the -wave pairing against the inevitable disorder effect in such a doped system, which is also totally unexpected from the conventional BCS picture. Here we show that these two puzzles are deeply connected to the origin of a third puzzle about the cuprate superconductors, namely, the mysterious quantum critical behavior observed around , the so called pseudogap end point. Through a systematic variational Monte Carlo (VMC) study of the disordered 2D model from the resonating valence bond (RVB) perspective, we find that the -wave pairing in this model is remarkably more robust against the disorder effect than that in a conventional -wave BCS superconductor. We find that such remarkable robustness can be attributed to the spin-charge separation mechanism in the RVB picture, through which the -wave RVB pairing of the charge-neutral spinons becomes essentially immune to the disorder potential except for the secondary effect related to the modulation of the local doping level by the disorder. We propose that there exists a Mott transition at , where the RVB pairing in the underdoped regime is transmuted into the increasingly more BCS-like pairing for , whose increasing fragility against the disorder effect leads to the non-BCS behavior and the ultimate suppression of superconductivity around .
关于杯突超导体有两个看似互不相关的谜题。第一个谜团涉及 xc 附近的强烈非 BCS 行为，xc 是过掺一侧超导穹顶的端点，据信在这里杯状超导体可以很好地用费米液体理论来描述。这一点在观察到的ρs(0)-Tc 缩放和低能量时大量未凝结的光学光谱重量中最为明显。第二个谜团是在这样一个掺杂系统中，d 波配对对不可避免的无序效应具有非凡的稳健性，这也完全出乎传统 BCS 图像的意料。在这里，我们证明这两个谜题与杯状超导体的第三个谜题--在 x* 附近观察到的神秘量子临界行为（即所谓的伪缺口端点）--的起源有着深刻的联系。通过从共振价键（RVB）的角度对无序的二维 t-J 模型进行系统的变分蒙特卡罗（VMC）研究，我们发现该模型中的 d 波配对比传统的 d 波 BCS 超导体中的 d 波配对更能抵御无序效应。我们发现，这种显著的稳健性可归因于 RVB 图景中的自旋电荷分离机制，通过这种机制，电荷中性自旋子的 d 波 RVB 配对基本上不受无序势的影响，除了与无序对局部掺杂水平的调制有关的次生效应。我们认为在 x* 处存在莫特转换，在此掺杂不足的 RVB 配对转变为 x>x* 处越来越类似 BCS 的配对，其对无序效应的脆弱性导致了非 BCS 行为，并最终抑制了 xc 附近的超导性。
{"title":"Origin of the pseudogap end point in high-Tc cuprate superconductors","authors":"Jianhua Yang, Tao Li","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.024521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.024521","url":null,"abstract":"There are two seemingly unrelated puzzles about the cuprate superconductors. The first puzzle concerns the strong non-BCS behavior around <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math>, the end point of the superconducting dome on the overdoped side, where the cuprate is believed to be well described by the Fermi-liquid theory. This is the most evident in the observed <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><msub><mi>ρ</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>−</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math> scaling and the large amount of uncondensed optical spectral weight at low energy. The second puzzle concerns the remarkable robustness of the <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>d</mi></math>-wave pairing against the inevitable disorder effect in such a doped system, which is also totally unexpected from the conventional BCS picture. Here we show that these two puzzles are deeply connected to the origin of a third puzzle about the cuprate superconductors, namely, the mysterious quantum critical behavior observed around <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msup><mi>x</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math>, the so called pseudogap end point. Through a systematic variational Monte Carlo (VMC) study of the disordered 2D <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi>t</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>J</mi></mrow></math> model from the resonating valence bond (RVB) perspective, we find that the <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>d</mi></math>-wave pairing in this model is remarkably more robust against the disorder effect than that in a conventional <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>d</mi></math>-wave BCS superconductor. We find that such remarkable robustness can be attributed to the spin-charge separation mechanism in the RVB picture, through which the <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi>d</mi></math>-wave RVB pairing of the charge-neutral spinons becomes essentially immune to the disorder potential except for the secondary effect related to the modulation of the local doping level by the disorder. We propose that there exists a Mott transition at <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msup><mi>x</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math>, where the RVB pairing in the underdoped regime is transmuted into the increasingly more BCS-like pairing for <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>></mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></mrow></math>, whose increasing fragility against the disorder effect leads to the non-BCS behavior and the ultimate suppression of superconductivity around <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math>.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We theoretically consider a junction composed of a ferromagnetic insulator (FI) and a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) with Rashba- and Dresselhaus-type spin-orbit interactions. Using the Boltzmann equation, we calculate an electric current in 2DEG induced by the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect when imposing the temperature difference between the FI and 2DEG. We clarify how the induced current depends on the magnetization direction of the FI, spin texture on the Fermi surface of 2DEG, and temperature. Our result provides an important foundation for an accurate analysis of the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect induced by thermal spin injection.
我们从理论上考虑了一个由铁磁绝缘体（FI）和二维电子气（2DEG）组成的具有拉什巴和德雷斯豪斯型自旋轨道相互作用的结。利用玻尔兹曼方程，我们计算了当施加铁磁绝缘体和二维电子气之间的温差时，反向拉什巴-爱德斯坦效应在二维电子气中诱发的电流。我们阐明了诱导电流如何取决于 FI 的磁化方向、2DEG 费米面上的自旋纹理和温度。我们的结果为准确分析热自旋注入诱导的反向拉什巴-爱德斯坦效应奠定了重要基础。
{"title":"Theory of the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect induced by thermal spin injection","authors":"Kaiji Hosokawa, Masaki Yama, Mamoru Matsuo, Takeo Kato","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.035309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.035309","url":null,"abstract":"We theoretically consider a junction composed of a ferromagnetic insulator (FI) and a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) with Rashba- and Dresselhaus-type spin-orbit interactions. Using the Boltzmann equation, we calculate an electric current in 2DEG induced by the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect when imposing the temperature difference between the FI and 2DEG. We clarify how the induced current depends on the magnetization direction of the FI, spin texture on the Fermi surface of 2DEG, and temperature. Our result provides an important foundation for an accurate analysis of the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect induced by thermal spin injection.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.024114
V. Laguta, O. Laguta, I. Zdeg, P. Neugebauer
Strontium titanate () is the most known material from the family of quantum paraelectrics. Thanks to its extremely “soft” lattice, its functionality can be easily tuned by applying both external stimuli (pressure, strain, electric field) and through doping or isotope exchange. In this paper, we present the results of a detailed study of two centers in Mn-doped single crystals using both continuous wave and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy at frequencies from 9.5 to 427 GHz and temperatures from 5 to 296 K. The first center is created by a ion at the lattice site in an off-center position. Its spectroscopic characteristics were determined for both fast and slow motion regimes of the impurity ion. In particular, all spin transitions allowed by the spin were well resolved in the slow motion regime. The second center is created by a ion at the position in the center of the oxygen octahedron. It has been established that the surrounding of this ion undergoes strong distortion when cooled below the phase transition temperature K, stimulated by the rotation of the oxygen octahedron. The present data also perfectly explain the previously obtained EPR data from measurements of :Mn ceramics at low microwave frequencies (9–10 GHz).
{"title":"Structural instability and lattice site occupation of Mn2+ ions in the SrTiO3 quantum paraelectric","authors":"V. Laguta, O. Laguta, I. Zdeg, P. Neugebauer","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.024114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.024114","url":null,"abstract":"Strontium titanate (<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi>SrTi</mi><msub><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math>) is the most known material from the family of quantum paraelectrics. Thanks to its extremely “soft” lattice, its functionality can be easily tuned by applying both external stimuli (pressure, strain, electric field) and through doping or isotope exchange. In this paper, we present the results of a detailed study of two <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">M</mi><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> centers in Mn-doped <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi>SrTi</mi><msub><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math> single crystals using both continuous wave and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy at frequencies from 9.5 to 427 GHz and temperatures from 5 to 296 K. The first center is created by a <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">M</mi><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> ion at the <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">S</mi><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> lattice site in an off-center position. Its spectroscopic characteristics were determined for both fast and slow motion regimes of the impurity ion. In particular, all spin transitions allowed by the <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">M</mi><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> spin were well resolved in the slow motion regime. The second center is created by a <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">M</mi><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> ion at the <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">T</mi><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">i</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> position in the center of the oxygen octahedron. It has been established that the surrounding of this ion undergoes strong distortion when cooled below the phase transition temperature <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>105</mn></mrow></math> K, stimulated by the rotation of the oxygen octahedron. The present data also perfectly explain the previously obtained EPR data from measurements of <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mrow><mi>SrTi</mi><msub><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math>:Mn ceramics at low microwave frequencies (9–10 GHz).","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.014112
Marco Cherubini, Lorenzo Monacelli, Bingjia Yang, Roberto Car, Michele Casula, Francesco Mauri
We investigate the structural and thermodynamic properties of high-pressure ice by incorporating quantum anharmonicity at a nonperturbative level. Quantum fluctuations reduce the critical pressure of the phase transition between phase VIII (with asymmetric H bonds) and phase X (with symmetric H bonds) by 65 GPa from its classical value of 116 GPa at 0 K. Moreover, quantum effects make it temperature independent over a wide temperature range (0–300 K), in agreement with experimental estimates obtained through vibrational spectroscopy and in striking contrast to the strong temperature dependence found in the classical approximation. The equation of state shows fingerprints of the transition in accordance with experimental evidence. Additionally, we demonstrate that, within our approach, proton disorder in phase VII has a negligible impact on the occurrence of phase X. Finally, we reproduce with high accuracy the 10-GPa isotope shift caused by the hydrogen-to-deuterium substitution.
我们在非微扰水平上结合量子非谐波性研究了高压冰的结构和热力学性质。量子波动将 VIII 相（具有不对称 H 键）和 X 相（具有对称 H 键）之间的相变临界压力从 0 K 时的经典值 116 GPa 降低了 65 GPa。此外，量子效应使其在很宽的温度范围（0-300 K）内与温度无关，这与通过振动光谱获得的实验估计值一致，并与经典近似中发现的强烈温度依赖性形成鲜明对比。状态方程显示了与实验证据相符的过渡指纹。此外，我们还证明了在我们的方法中，相 VII 中质子无序对相 X 发生的影响可以忽略不计。最后，我们高精度地再现了由氢-氘置换引起的 10-GPa 同位素偏移。
{"title":"Quantum effects in H-bond symmetrization and in thermodynamic properties of high pressure ice","authors":"Marco Cherubini, Lorenzo Monacelli, Bingjia Yang, Roberto Car, Michele Casula, Francesco Mauri","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.014112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.014112","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the structural and thermodynamic properties of high-pressure ice by incorporating quantum anharmonicity at a nonperturbative level. Quantum fluctuations reduce the critical pressure of the phase transition between phase VIII (with asymmetric H bonds) and phase X (with symmetric H bonds) by 65 GPa from its classical value of 116 GPa at 0 K. Moreover, quantum effects make it temperature independent over a wide temperature range (0–300 K), in agreement with experimental estimates obtained through vibrational spectroscopy and in striking contrast to the strong temperature dependence found in the classical approximation. The equation of state shows fingerprints of the transition in accordance with experimental evidence. Additionally, we demonstrate that, within our approach, proton disorder in phase VII has a negligible impact on the occurrence of phase X. Finally, we reproduce with high accuracy the 10-GPa isotope shift caused by the hydrogen-to-deuterium substitution.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.035430
Cheng Guo, Shanhui Fan
The coherent control of wave absorption has important applications in areas such as energy harvesting, imaging, and sensing. However, most practical scenarios involve the absorption of partially coherent rather than fully coherent waves. Here we present a systematic theory of unitary control over the absorption of partially coherent waves by linear systems. Given an absorbing system and incident partially coherent wave, we provide analytical expressions for the range of attainable absorptivity under arbitrary unitary transformations of the incident field. We also present an explicit algorithm to construct the unitary control scheme that achieves any desired absorptivity within that attainable range. As applications of our theory, we derive the conditions required for achieving two phenomena—partially coherent perfect absorption and partially coherent zero absorption. Furthermore, we prove a theorem relating the coherence properties of the incident field, as quantified by majorization, to the resulting absorption intervals. Our results provide both fundamental insights and practical prescriptions for exploiting unitary control to shape the absorption of partially coherent waves. The theory applies across the electromagnetic spectrum as well as to other classical wave systems such as acoustic waves.
{"title":"Unitary control of partially coherent waves. I. Absorption","authors":"Cheng Guo, Shanhui Fan","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.035430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.035430","url":null,"abstract":"The coherent control of wave absorption has important applications in areas such as energy harvesting, imaging, and sensing. However, most practical scenarios involve the absorption of partially coherent rather than fully coherent waves. Here we present a systematic theory of unitary control over the absorption of partially coherent waves by linear systems. Given an absorbing system and incident partially coherent wave, we provide analytical expressions for the range of attainable absorptivity under arbitrary unitary transformations of the incident field. We also present an explicit algorithm to construct the unitary control scheme that achieves any desired absorptivity within that attainable range. As applications of our theory, we derive the conditions required for achieving two phenomena—partially coherent perfect absorption and partially coherent zero absorption. Furthermore, we prove a theorem relating the coherence properties of the incident field, as quantified by majorization, to the resulting absorption intervals. Our results provide both fundamental insights and practical prescriptions for exploiting unitary control to shape the absorption of partially coherent waves. The theory applies across the electromagnetic spectrum as well as to other classical wave systems such as acoustic waves.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.035431
Cheng Guo, Shanhui Fan
Coherent control of wave transmission and reflection is crucial for applications in communication, imaging, and sensing. However, many practical scenarios involve partially coherent waves rather than fully coherent ones. We present a systematic theory for the unitary control of partially coherent wave transmission and reflection. For a linear time-invariant system with an incident partially coherent wave, we derive analytical expressions for the range of attainable total transmittance and reflectance under arbitrary unitary transformations. We also introduce an explicit algorithm to construct a unitary control scheme that achieves any desired transmission or reflection within the attainable range. As applications of our theory, we establish conditions for four phenomena: partially coherent perfect transmission, partially coherent perfect reflection, partially coherent zero transmission, and partially coherent zero reflection. We also prove a theorem that relates the degree of coherence of the incident field, quantified by the majorization order, to the resulting transmission and reflection intervals. Furthermore, we demonstrate that reciprocity (or energy conservation) imposes direct symmetry constraints on bilateral transmission (or transmission and reflection) of partially coherent waves under unitary control. Our results provide fundamental insights and practical guidelines for using unitary control to manipulate the transmission and reflection of partially coherent waves. This theory applies to various wave systems, including electromagnetic and acoustic waves.
{"title":"Unitary control of partially coherent waves. II. Transmission or reflection","authors":"Cheng Guo, Shanhui Fan","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.035431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.035431","url":null,"abstract":"Coherent control of wave transmission and reflection is crucial for applications in communication, imaging, and sensing. However, many practical scenarios involve partially coherent waves rather than fully coherent ones. We present a systematic theory for the unitary control of partially coherent wave transmission and reflection. For a linear time-invariant system with an incident partially coherent wave, we derive analytical expressions for the range of attainable total transmittance and reflectance under arbitrary unitary transformations. We also introduce an explicit algorithm to construct a unitary control scheme that achieves any desired transmission or reflection within the attainable range. As applications of our theory, we establish conditions for four phenomena: partially coherent perfect transmission, partially coherent perfect reflection, partially coherent zero transmission, and partially coherent zero reflection. We also prove a theorem that relates the degree of coherence of the incident field, quantified by the majorization order, to the resulting transmission and reflection intervals. Furthermore, we demonstrate that reciprocity (or energy conservation) imposes direct symmetry constraints on bilateral transmission (or transmission and reflection) of partially coherent waves under unitary control. Our results provide fundamental insights and practical guidelines for using unitary control to manipulate the transmission and reflection of partially coherent waves. This theory applies to various wave systems, including electromagnetic and acoustic waves.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.014441
Chao-Ze Lu, Xiaolong Deng, Su-Peng Kou, Gaoyong Sun
We study many-body phase transitions in a one-dimensional ferromagnetic transversed field Ising model with an imaginary field, and show that the system exhibits three phase transitions: one second-order phase transition and two phase transitions. The second-order phase transition occurring in the ground state is investigated via biorthogonal and self-normal entanglement entropy, for which we develop an approach to perform finite-size scaling theory to extract the central charge for small systems. Compared with the second-order phase transition, the first transition is characterized by the appearance of an exceptional point in the full energy spectrum, while the second transition only occurs in specific excited states. Furthermore, we interestingly show that both exceptional points are second-order in terms of scalings of imaginary parts of the energy. This work provides an exact solution for many-body phase transitions in non-Hermitian systems.
{"title":"Many-body phase transitions in a non-Hermitian Ising chain","authors":"Chao-Ze Lu, Xiaolong Deng, Su-Peng Kou, Gaoyong Sun","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.014441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.014441","url":null,"abstract":"We study many-body phase transitions in a one-dimensional ferromagnetic transversed field Ising model with an imaginary field, and show that the system exhibits three phase transitions: one second-order phase transition and two <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi mathvariant=\"script\">PT</mi></math> phase transitions. The second-order phase transition occurring in the ground state is investigated via biorthogonal and self-normal entanglement entropy, for which we develop an approach to perform finite-size scaling theory to extract the central charge for small systems. Compared with the second-order phase transition, the first <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi mathvariant=\"script\">PT</mi></math> transition is characterized by the appearance of an exceptional point in the full energy spectrum, while the second <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi mathvariant=\"script\">PT</mi></math> transition only occurs in specific excited states. Furthermore, we interestingly show that both exceptional points are second-order in terms of scalings of imaginary parts of the energy. This work provides an exact solution for many-body phase transitions in non-Hermitian systems.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.l041121
Yu-Ping Lin, Chunxiao Liu, Joel E. Moore
We present the mean-field phase diagram of electrons in a kagome flat band with repulsive interactions. In addition to flat-band ferromagnetism, the Hartree-Fock analysis yields cascades of unconventional magnetic orders driven by on-site repulsion as filling changes. These include a series of antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin-charge stripe orders, as well as an evolution from AFM to intriguing noncoplanar spin orders with tetrahedral structures. We also map out the phase diagram under extended repulsion at half and empty fillings of the flat band. To examine the possibilities beyond the mean-field level, we conduct a projective symmetry group analysis and identify the feasible spin liquids and the magnetic orders derivable from them. The theoretical phase diagrams are compared with recent experiments on FeSn and FeGe, enabling a determination of the most likely magnetic instabilities in these and similar flat-band kagome materials.
{"title":"Complex magnetic and spatial symmetry breaking from correlations in kagome flat bands","authors":"Yu-Ping Lin, Chunxiao Liu, Joel E. Moore","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.110.l041121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.110.l041121","url":null,"abstract":"We present the mean-field phase diagram of electrons in a kagome flat band with repulsive interactions. In addition to flat-band ferromagnetism, the Hartree-Fock analysis yields cascades of unconventional magnetic orders driven by on-site repulsion as filling changes. These include a series of antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin-charge stripe orders, as well as an evolution from <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msup><mn>120</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></math> AFM to intriguing noncoplanar spin orders with tetrahedral structures. We also map out the phase diagram under extended repulsion at half and empty fillings of the flat band. To examine the possibilities beyond the mean-field level, we conduct a projective symmetry group analysis and identify the feasible <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><msub><mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">Z</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> spin liquids and the magnetic orders derivable from them. The theoretical phase diagrams are compared with recent experiments on FeSn and FeGe, enabling a determination of the most likely magnetic instabilities in these and similar flat-band kagome materials.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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