Plant Physiology最新文献_第10页

Branched oligosaccharides cause atypical starch granule initiation in Arabidopsis chloroplasts 支链寡糖在拟南芥叶绿体中引起非典型淀粉颗粒的形成

IF 7.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf002

Arvid J M Heutinck, Selina Camenisch, Michaela Fischer-Stettler, Mayank Sharma, Barbara Pfister, Simona Eicke, Chun Liu, Samuel C Zeeman

Plant chloroplasts store starch during the day, which acts as a source of carbohydrates and energy at night. Starch granule initiation relies on the elongation of malto-oligosaccharide primers. In Arabidopsis thaliana, PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH 2 (PTST2) and STARCH SYNTHASE 4 (SS4) are essential for the selective binding and elongation of malto-oligosaccharide primers, respectively, and very few granules are initiated in their absence. However, the precise origin and metabolism of the primers remain unknown. Potential origins of malto-oligosaccharide primers include de novo biosynthesis or their release from existing starch granules. For example, the endoamylase α-AMYLASE 3 (AMY3) can cleave a range of malto-oligosaccharides from the granule surface during starch degradation at night, some of which are branched. In the Arabidopsis double mutant deficient in the two debranching enzymes ISOAMYLASE 3 (ISA3) and LIMIT DEXTRINASE (LDA), branched malto-oligosaccharides accumulate in the chloroplast stroma. Here, we reveal that the isa3 lda double mutant shows a substantial increase in granule number per chloroplast, caused by these branched malto-oligosaccharides. The amy3 isa3 lda triple mutant, which lacks branched malto-oligosaccharides, has far fewer granules than isa3 lda, and its granule numbers are barely higher than in the wild type. Plants lacking both ISA3 and LDA and either PTST2 or SS4 show granule over-initiation, indicating that this process occurs independently of the recently described granule initiation pathway. Our findings provide insight into how and where starch granules are initiated. This knowledge can be used to alter granule number and morphological characteristics, traits known to affect starch properties.

植物叶绿体在白天储存淀粉，在晚上作为碳水化合物和能量的来源。淀粉颗粒的起始依赖于麦芽糖低聚糖引物的延伸。在拟南芥中，蛋白靶TO STARCH 2 （PTST2）和淀粉合成酶4 （SS4）分别是麦芽糖低聚糖引物选择性结合和延伸所必需的，在缺乏它们的情况下很少有颗粒被启动。然而，引物的确切来源和代谢仍然未知。麦芽寡糖引物的潜在来源包括从头生物合成或从现有淀粉颗粒中释放。例如，淀粉酶α-淀粉酶3 （AMY3）可以在夜间淀粉降解过程中从颗粒表面切割一系列麦芽低聚糖，其中一些是支链的。在缺乏ISA3和LDA两种脱分枝酶的拟南芥双突变体中，支链麦芽寡糖在叶绿体基质中积累。在这里，我们发现isa3lda双突变体显示出每个叶绿体颗粒数的显著增加，这是由这些支链麦芽寡糖引起的。amy3isa3lda三重突变体缺乏支链麦芽寡糖，其颗粒数量远少于isa3lda，其颗粒数量仅略高于野生型。缺乏ISA3和LDA以及PTST2或SS4的植物显示颗粒过度起始，表明该过程独立于最近描述的颗粒起始途径发生。我们的研究结果为淀粉颗粒如何以及在何处开始提供了见解。这种知识可以用来改变颗粒数和形态特征，已知的性状影响淀粉的性质。

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引用次数: 0

Natural Variation in a Molybdate Transporter Confers Salt Tolerance in Tomato 钼酸盐转运体的自然变异赋予番茄耐盐性

IF 7.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf004

Zhen Wang, Yechun Hong, Zhaojun Guo, Dianjue Li, Zhen-Fei Chao, Guangtao Zhu, Jian-Kang Zhu

Natural variation in a molybdate transporter-encoding gene is associated with molybdenum accumulation, which reduces hypocotyl growth and improves salt tolerance in tomato.

钼酸盐转运蛋白编码基因的自然变异与钼积累有关，钼积累可降低番茄下胚轴生长，提高耐盐性。

引用次数: 0

Take a Deep BReath: Manipulating brassinosteroid homeostasis helps cereals adapt to environmental stress 深呼吸：控制油菜素内酯的体内平衡有助于谷物适应环境压力

IF 7.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf003

Karolina Zolkiewicz, Damian Gruszka

Global climate change leads to the increased occurrence of environmental stress (including drought and heat stress) during the vegetative and reproductive stages of cereal crop development. Thus, more attention should be given to developing new cereal cultivars with improved tolerance to environmental stress. However, during the development of new stress-tolerant cereal cultivars, the balance between improved stress responses (which occur at the expense of growth) and plant yield needs to be maintained. Thus, the urgent need for developing new cereal germplasm with improved stress tolerance could be fulfilled using semi-dwarf cereal mutants defective in brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis or signaling. BRs are steroid phytohormones that regulate various developmental and physiological processes throughout the plant life cycle. Mutants defective in BR biosynthesis or responses show reduced plant height (dwarfism or semi-dwarfism). Importantly, numerous reports indicate that genetic modification or biotechnological manipulation of BR biosynthesis or signaling genes in cereals such as rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and barley (Hordeum vulgare), which are of crucial importance for global agriculture, may facilitate the development of cereal germplasm with improved stress tolerance. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the genetic manipulation of BR homeostasis in the above-mentioned cereal crops aimed at improving plant responses to various environmental stresses, such as drought, salinity, oxidative stress, thermal stress, and biotic stresses. We highlight target BR-related genes and the effects of genetic manipulation (gene editing, overexpression, silencing or miRNA-mediated regulation) on plant adaptability to various stresses and provide future perspectives.

全球气候变化导致谷物作物发育的营养和生殖阶段环境胁迫（包括干旱和热胁迫）的发生增加。因此，应更加重视培育耐环境胁迫的谷物新品种。然而，在培育新的抗逆性谷物品种的过程中，需要保持改善的胁迫反应（以牺牲生长为代价）和植物产量之间的平衡。因此，利用油菜素内酯（brassinosteroids， BR）生物合成或信号转导缺陷的半矮秆突变体可以满足开发抗逆境新种质的迫切需要。BRs是类固醇植物激素，在整个植物生命周期中调节各种发育和生理过程。BR生物合成或反应缺陷的突变体表现为株高降低（矮化或半矮化）。重要的是，许多报告表明，对水稻（Oryza sativa）、玉米（Zea mays）、小麦（Triticum aestivum）和大麦（Hordeum vulgare）等谷物的BR生物合成或信号基因进行基因改造或生物技术操作，对全球农业具有至关重要的意义，可能有助于开发具有更高抗逆性的谷物种质。本文综述了上述谷类作物BR动态平衡的遗传调控，旨在改善植物对各种环境胁迫的反应，如干旱、盐度、氧化胁迫、热胁迫和生物胁迫。我们强调了目标br相关基因和基因操作（基因编辑、过表达、沉默或mirna介导的调控）对植物适应各种胁迫的影响，并提供了未来的展望。

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引用次数: 0

The NAC transcription factor LpNAC48 promotes trichome formation in Lilium pumilum NAC转录因子LpNAC48促进百合毛状体的形成

IF 7.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf001

Yin Xin, Wenqiang Pan, Yajie Zhao, Chenglong Yang, Jingru Li, Shaokun Wang, Jingxiang Wu, Mingfang Zhang, Jinxin Shi, Yang Ma, Shaozhong Fang, Yuwei Liang, Michele Zaccai, Xiuhai Zhang, Yunpeng Du, Jian Wu

Trichomes play a crucial role in plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, and their development and characteristics vary across different species. This study demonstrates that trichomes of Lilium pumilum exhibit synchronized growth during flower bud differentiation and enhance the plant's adaptability to UV-B radiation and aphid infection. We identified LpNAC48, a NAC family transcription factor (TF), that interacted with the B-box (BBX) family TF LpBBX28, during trichome formation in L. pumilum. Silencing LpNAC48 or LpBBX28 impaired trichome development and reduced trichome density on the outer perianths. We demonstrated that the upstream regulators LpNAC48 and LpBBX28 directly bound to the promoter of the bHLH TF-encoding gene LpGL3-LIKE (LpGL3L) to activate its expression. Moreover, an ABA-responsive element within a 259-bp DNA variation in the LpNAC48 promoter was important for its expression and was bound by the bZIP TF LpbZIP29 during trichome development. This binding activated LpNAC48 expression and contributed to trichome formation. This study provides insights into the role of a small DNA sequence variation in gene expression and trichome traits.

毛状体在植物抵抗非生物和生物胁迫中起着至关重要的作用，不同物种毛状体的发育和特征各不相同。研究表明，百合毛状体在花芽分化过程中呈现同步生长，增强了植物对UV-B辐射和蚜虫侵染的适应性。研究人员发现，在L. pumilum的毛状体形成过程中，NAC家族转录因子（TF） LpNAC48与B-box （BBX）家族转录因子LpBBX28相互作用。沉默LpNAC48或LpBBX28会损害毛状体的发育，降低外周被毛状体的密度。我们证明了上游调控因子LpNAC48和LpBBX28直接结合到bHLH tf编码基因LpGL3-LIKE （LpGL3L）的启动子上激活其表达。此外，在LpNAC48启动子中一个259bp DNA变异中的aba响应元件对其表达很重要，并在毛状体发育过程中与bZIP TF LpbZIP29结合。这种结合激活了LpNAC48的表达并促进了毛状体的形成。这项研究提供了一个小的DNA序列变异在基因表达和毛状性状中的作用的见解。

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引用次数: 0

PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE 2 regulates secondary metabolism and confers manganese tolerance in Stylosanthes guianensis 苯丙氨酸解氨酶2调控柱花草次生代谢和锰耐受性

IF 7.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf005

Linjie Wang, Jifu Li, Liting Liu, Rongshu Dong, Guodao Liu, Idupulapati M Rao, Zhijian Chen

Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis) is a tropical legume that exhibits considerable tolerance to manganese (Mn) toxicity, which severely constrains plant growth in acidic soils. To elucidate the Mn detoxification mechanisms in stylo, this study investigated the excess Mn-regulated metabolic profile of stylo roots and examined the role of metabolic enzymes in Mn tolerance. Excess Mn triggered oxidative stress in the two stylo genotypes tested. However, Mn-stimulated activation of antioxidant defense systems was observed in the Mn-tolerant genotype RY5 but not in the Mn-sensitive genotype TF0317. Metabolomic analysis of the Mn-tolerant RY5 roots revealed numerous excess Mn-responsive metabolites, mainly related to flavonoids and phenolic acids. Furthermore, a set of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathway were upregulated by excess Mn in stylo roots, especially in RY5. We characterized the excess Mn-inducible gene SgPAL2, encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. SgPAL2 localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. Compared to control plants, SgPAL2 overexpression led to increases in shoot and root dry weights under Mn-excess conditions, whereas SgPAL2 suppression had the opposite effect. Moreover, SgPAL2 overexpression dramatically altered secondary metabolism, particularly flavonoid metabolism. In a bioassay, the inhibition of root elongation caused by excess Mn was alleviated by treatment with exogenous calycosin, an SgPAL2-regulated isoflavonoid, suggesting calycosin can detoxify Mn. Taken together, these findings indicate that SgPAL2 plays a critical role in enhancing Mn tolerance in stylo through metabolic regulation.

柱花草（Stylosanthes guianensis）是一种热带豆科植物，对锰（Mn）毒性具有相当的耐受性，这严重限制了植物在酸性土壤中的生长。为了阐明柱头锰解毒机制，本研究研究了过量锰对柱头根代谢的影响，并探讨了代谢酶在锰耐受中的作用。过量的锰在两种柱头基因型中触发氧化应激。然而，在耐锰基因型RY5中观察到mn刺激的抗氧化防御系统激活，而在mn敏感基因型TF0317中没有观察到。对耐锰的RY5根系进行代谢组学分析，发现有大量过量的mn响应代谢物，主要与类黄酮和酚酸有关。此外，茎柱根中过量的Mn会导致苯丙素/类黄酮通路相关的一系列基因上调，尤其是在RY5中。我们鉴定了过量mn诱导基因SgPAL2，编码苯丙氨酸解氨酶。SgPAL2定位于内质网。与对照植株相比，过量mn条件下SgPAL2过表达导致茎和根干重增加，而抑制SgPAL2则相反。此外，SgPAL2过表达显著改变了次生代谢，特别是类黄酮代谢。在一项生物测定中，外源毛蕊异黄酮（一种sgpal2调节的异黄酮）可以减轻过量Mn对根伸长的抑制，表明毛蕊异黄酮可以解毒Mn。综上所述，这些发现表明SgPAL2通过代谢调节在柱头增强Mn耐受性中起关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

The Target of Rapamycin kinase is a positive regulator of plant fatty acid and lipid synthesis 雷帕霉素激酶靶蛋白是植物脂肪酸和脂质合成的正向调节因子

IF 7.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae639

Hui Liu, Jantana Blanford, Hai Shi, Jorg Schwender, John Shanklin, Zhiyang Zhai

In eukaryotes, Target of Rapamycin (TOR), a conserved protein sensor kinase, integrates diverse environmental cues, including growth factor signals, energy availability, and nutritional status, to direct cell growth. In plants, TOR is activated by light and sugars and regulates a wide range of cellular processes, including protein synthesis and metabolism. Fatty acid synthesis is key to membrane biogenesis that is required for cell growth. To elucidate the primary regulatory role(s) of TOR in lipid metabolism, we followed fatty acid and lipid changes in plants with altered TOR protein levels or activity for short durations, using Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, Arabidopsis seedlings, and Brassica napus cell suspension cultures. Transient expression of TOR significantly elevated the levels of total fatty acids (TFAs) in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Conversely, treatment of Arabidopsis seedlings with the TOR-specific inhibitor Torin 2 for one day caused significant reductions in fatty acids and membrane lipids. Similarly, incubating oil-producing Brassica napus suspension culture cells with Torin 2 for eight hours led to significant decreases in the levels of TFAs and triacylglycerol. The results from three independent systems presented here establish that TOR positively regulates lipid synthesis in plants, consistent with its role in animals. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis of Torin 2-treated Arabidopsis seedlings showed that TOR promotes the upregulation of several genes involved in de novo fatty acid synthesis while downregulating genes involved in lipid turnover, which we propose as a mechanistic explanation for its promotion of lipid synthesis and accumulation.

在真核生物中，雷帕霉素靶蛋白（TOR）是一种保守的蛋白质传感器激酶，整合多种环境信号，包括生长因子信号、能量可用性和营养状况，来指导细胞生长。在植物中，TOR被光和糖激活，并调节广泛的细胞过程，包括蛋白质合成和代谢。脂肪酸的合成是细胞生长所必需的膜生物发生的关键。为了阐明TOR在脂质代谢中的主要调节作用，我们在短时间内跟踪了TOR蛋白水平或活性改变的植物的脂肪酸和脂质变化，使用了烟叶、拟南芥幼苗和甘蓝型油菜细胞悬浮培养。瞬时表达TOR显著提高了烟叶中总脂肪酸（tfa）的水平。相反，用tor特异性抑制剂Torin 2处理拟南芥幼苗一天，脂肪酸和膜脂显著减少。同样，将产油甘蓝型油菜悬浮培养细胞与Torin 2孵育8小时，tfa和甘油三酯水平显著降低。本文提出的三个独立系统的结果表明，TOR在植物中积极调节脂质合成，与其在动物中的作用一致。此外，对Torin 2处理的拟南芥幼苗的RNA-seq分析显示，TOR促进了几个参与脂肪酸合成的基因的上调，而下调了参与脂质转换的基因，我们认为这是其促进脂质合成和积累的机制解释。

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引用次数: 0

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens promotes cluster root formation of white lupin under low phosphorus by mediating auxin levels 解淀粉芽孢杆菌通过调节生长素水平促进低磷条件下白屈草丛根的形成

IF 7.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2024-12-25 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae676

Jinyong Yang, Shenglan Li, Xiangxue Zhou, Chongxuan Du, Ju Fang, Xing Li, Jun Zhao, Fan Ding, Yue Wang, Qian Zhang, Zhengrui Wang, Jianping Liu, Gangqiang Dong, Jianhua Zhang, Feiyun Xu, Weifeng Xu

White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) produces cluster roots to acquire more phosphorus under phosphorus deficiency. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 contributes to plant growth, but whether and how it promotes cluster root formation in white lupin remain unclear. Here, we investigated the roles of SQR9 in cluster root formation under low-phosphorus conditions using a microbial mutant and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in white lupin. SQR9 substantially enhanced cluster root formation under low-phosphorus conditions. The ysnE gene encodes an auxin biosynthesis enzyme in SQR9 and was associated with cluster root formation, as ysnE-defective SQR9 did not trigger cluster root formation. SQR9 inoculation induced the expression of PIN-formed2 (LaPIN2, encoding an auxin transporter) and YUCCA4 (LaYUC4, encoding an auxin biosynthesis enzyme) in white lupin roots. VIGS-mediated knockdown of LaPIN2 and LaYUC4 prevented wild-type SQR9-induced cluster root formation in white lupin. Finally, white lupin LaYUC4-derived auxin and SQR9-derived auxin pools were both transported by LaPIN2, promoting cluster root formation under low phosphorus conditions. Taken together, we propose that B. amyloliquefaciens promotes cluster root formation in white lupin under low-phosphorus conditions by stimulating auxin biosynthesis and transport. Our results provide insights into the interplay between bacteria and root auxin in crop phosphorus use efficiency.

缺磷条件下，白露平（Lupinus albus L.）为获取更多的磷而产生块根。解淀粉芽孢杆菌SQR9对植物生长有一定的促进作用，但其是否以及如何促进白露根丛枝根的形成尚不清楚。在此，我们利用微生物突变体和病毒诱导的基因沉默（VIGS）研究了SQR9在低磷条件下白豆根茎形成中的作用。在低磷条件下，SQR9显著促进了簇根的形成。ysnE基因在SQR9中编码一种生长素生物合成酶，与簇根形成有关，因为ysnE缺陷的SQR9不能触发簇根形成。接种SQR9诱导白露根中pin - formmed2（编码生长素转运体LaPIN2）和YUCCA4（编码生长素生物合成酶LaYUC4）的表达。vigs介导的LaPIN2和LaYUC4的敲低阻止了野生型sqr9诱导的白露根簇的形成。最后，在低磷条件下，白花苜蓿layuc4来源的生长素和sqr9来源的生长素池均通过LaPIN2运输，促进了簇根的形成。综上所述，我们认为解淀粉芽孢杆菌通过刺激生长素的生物合成和运输，促进低磷条件下白豆丛枝根的形成。我们的研究结果揭示了细菌和根系生长素在作物磷利用效率中的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Ceramide and C1P: a lipid love story of Brassica-Sclerotinia interaction. 神经酰胺和C1P：油菜-菌核菌相互作用的脂质爱情故事。

IF 6.5 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae656

Ritu Singh, Prem Pratap Singh

引用次数: 0

The BRAHMA-associated SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex controls Arabidopsis seed quality and physiology. brahma相关的SWI/SNF染色质重塑复合体控制拟南芥种子质量和生理。

IF 6.5 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae642

Magdalena Wrona, Julia Zinsmeister, Michal Krzyszton, Claire Villette, Julie Zumsteg, Pierre Mercier, Martine Neveu, Sebastian P Sacharowski, Rafał Archacki, Boris Collet, Julia Buitink, Hubert Schaller, Szymon Swiezewski, Ruslan Yatusevich

The SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable) chromatin remodeling complex is involved in various aspects of plant development and stress responses. Here, we investigated the role of BRM (BRAHMA), a core catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, in Arabidopsis thaliana seed biology. brm-3 seeds exhibited enlarged size, reduced yield, increased longevity, and enhanced secondary dormancy, but did not show changes in primary dormancy or salt tolerance. Some of these phenotypes depended on the expression of DOG1, a key regulator of seed dormancy, as they were restored in the brm-3 dog1-4 double mutant. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that BRM and DOG1 synergistically modulate the expression of numerous genes. Some of the changes observed in the brm-3 mutant, including increased glutathione levels, depended on a functional DOG1. We demonstrated that the BRM-containing chromatin remodeling complex directly controls secondary dormancy through DOG1 by binding and remodeling its 3' region, where the promoter of the long noncoding RNA asDOG1 is located. Our results suggest that BRM and DOG1 cooperate to control seed physiological properties and that BRM regulates DOG1 expression through asDOG1. This study reveals chromatin remodeling at the DOG1 locus as a molecular mechanism controlling the interplay between seed viability and dormancy.

SWI/SNF（开关/蔗糖不可发酵）染色质重塑复合体参与植物发育和胁迫反应的各个方面。本文研究了SWI/SNF复合物的核心催化亚基BRM （BRAHMA）在拟南芥种子生物学中的作用。Brm-3种子的大小增大，产量降低，寿命延长，次生休眠增强，但初级休眠和耐盐性没有变化。其中一些表型依赖于DOG1的表达，DOG1是种子休眠的关键调节因子，在brm-3 DOG1 -4双突变体中恢复。转录组学和代谢组学分析显示，BRM和DOG1协同调节许多基因的表达。在brm-3突变体中观察到的一些变化，包括增加的谷胱甘肽水平，依赖于功能性的DOG1。我们证明了含有brm的染色质重塑复合体通过结合和重塑其3'区直接控制DOG1的继发休眠，而长链非编码RNA作为DOG1的启动子位于该区域。结果表明，BRM和DOG1共同调控种子生理特性，BRM通过asDOG1调控DOG1的表达。该研究揭示了DOG1位点的染色质重塑是控制种子活力和休眠相互作用的分子机制。

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引用次数: 0

The physiological and molecular responses of potato tuberization to projected future elevated temperatures. 马铃薯块茎对未来高温的生理和分子反应。

IF 6.5 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae664

Abigail M Guillemette, Guillian Hernández Casanova, John P Hamilton, Eva Pokorná, Petre I Dobrev, Václav Motyka, Aaron M Rashotte, Courtney P Leisner

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important food crops globally and is especially vulnerable to heat stress. However, substantial knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of the developmental mechanisms associated with tuber responses to heat stress. This study used whole-plant physiology, transcriptomics, and phytohormone profiling to elucidate how heat stress affects potato tuber development. When plants were grown in projected future elevated temperature conditions, abscisic acid (ABA) levels decreased in leaf and tuber tissues, whereas rates of leaf carbon assimilation and stomatal conductance were not significantly affected compared to those plants grown in historical temperature conditions. While plants grown in projected future elevated temperature conditions initiated more tubers per plant on average, there was a 66% decrease in mature tubers at the final harvest compared to those plants grown in historical temperature conditions. We hypothesize that reduced tuber yields at elevated temperatures are not due to reduced tuber initiation, but due to impaired tuber filling. Transcriptomic analysis detected significant changes in the expression of genes related to ABA response, heat stress, and starch biosynthesis. The tuberization repressor genes SELF-PRUNING 5G (StSP5G) and CONSTANS-LIKE1 (StCOL1) were differentially expressed in tubers grown in elevated temperatures. Two additional known tuberization genes, IDENTITY OF TUBER 1 (StIT1) and TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (StTOC1), displayed distinct expression patterns under elevated temperatures compared to historical temperature conditions but were not differentially expressed. This work highlights potential gene targets and key developmental stages associated with tuberization to develop potatoes with greater heat tolerance.

马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）是全球最重要的粮食作物之一，特别容易受到热胁迫的影响。然而，我们对块茎热胁迫反应相关发育机制的了解仍存在很大的知识差距。本研究利用全植物生理学、转录组学和植物激素分析来阐明热胁迫如何影响马铃薯块茎的发育。当植株在预计的未来高温条件下生长时，叶片和块茎组织中的脱落酸（ABA）水平下降，而叶片碳同化率和气孔导度与在历史温度条件下生长的植株相比没有受到显著影响。虽然在预测的未来温度升高条件下生长的植物平均每株能长出更多块茎，但与在历史温度条件下生长的植物相比，最终收获的成熟块茎减少了 66%。我们推测，温度升高导致块茎产量减少的原因不是块茎萌发减少，而是块茎填充受损。转录组分析发现，与 ABA 响应、热胁迫和淀粉生物合成有关的基因表达发生了显著变化。块茎化抑制基因 SELF PRUNING 5G (StSP5G) 和 CONSTANS-LIKE1 (StCOL1) 在高温下生长的块茎中表达量不同。另外两个已知的块茎化基因 IDENTITY OF TUBER 1 (StIT1) 和 TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (StTOC1) 与历史温度条件相比，在高温条件下表现出不同的表达模式，但没有差异表达。这项工作强调了与块茎化相关的潜在基因靶标和关键发育阶段，以开发耐热性更强的马铃薯。

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引用次数: 0