Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105278
Hongjuan Peng, Haoyang Zhu, Suyin Peng, Tongtong Dai
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the adequacy and accuracy of grading non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) in Chinese patients without the use of fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA). Additionally, it investigates how often more severe lesions detected via FFA might affect NPDR grading based on the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (ICDRS).
Methods
A hospital-based prospective study was conducted. Patients with NPDR graded using multicolor scanning laser imaging fundus photography (MCIFP) according to ICDRS were included. Microaneurysms (MAs), intraretinal hemorrhages (IHs), venous beading (VB), and intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMAs) were analyzed using both MCIFP and FFA. Neovascularizations (NVs) identified by FFA were also assessed.
Results
A total of 667 eyes from 388 NPDR patients were included. FFA revealed IRMAs in 35/144 (24.3 %), 126/317 (39.7 %), and 109/206 (52.9 %) eyes classified as mild, moderate, and severe NPDR, respectively, based on MCIFP with ICDRS. NVs were detected on FFA in 25/144 (17.3 %), 65/317 (20.5 %), and 63/206 (30.5 %) eyes in the mild, moderate, and severe NPDR categories, respectively. Among severe NPDR eyes, VB was identified in only 13/206 (6.31 %) eyes and ≥2 quadrants of VB in 9/206 (4.36 %) eyes using MCIFP. The agreement between FFA and MCIFP diagnoses was 0.585 for mild NPDR, 0.341 for moderate NPDR, and 0.304 for severe NPDR.
Conclusion
The grading of NPDR in Chinese patients without FFA appears inadequate and inaccurate. Routine use of FFA is recommended for NPDR grading, screening, treatment guidance, and follow-up in China.
{"title":"Inadequacies and inaccuracies in grading non proliferative diabetic retinopathy without fluorescein fundus angiography in Chinese patients","authors":"Hongjuan Peng, Haoyang Zhu, Suyin Peng, Tongtong Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the adequacy and accuracy of grading non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) in Chinese patients without the use of fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA). Additionally, it investigates how often more severe lesions detected via FFA might affect NPDR grading based on the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (ICDRS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A hospital-based prospective study was conducted. Patients with NPDR graded using multicolor scanning laser imaging fundus photography (MCIFP) according to ICDRS were included. Microaneurysms (MAs), intraretinal hemorrhages (IHs), venous beading (VB), and intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMAs) were analyzed using both MCIFP and FFA. Neovascularizations (NVs) identified by FFA were also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 667 eyes from 388 NPDR patients were included. FFA revealed IRMAs in 35/144 (24.3 %), 126/317 (39.7 %), and 109/206 (52.9 %) eyes classified as mild, moderate, and severe NPDR, respectively, based on MCIFP with ICDRS. NVs were detected on FFA in 25/144 (17.3 %), 65/317 (20.5 %), and 63/206 (30.5 %) eyes in the mild, moderate, and severe NPDR categories, respectively. Among severe NPDR eyes, VB was identified in only 13/206 (6.31 %) eyes and ≥2 quadrants of VB in 9/206 (4.36 %) eyes using MCIFP. The agreement between FFA and MCIFP diagnoses was 0.585 for mild NPDR, 0.341 for moderate NPDR, and 0.304 for severe NPDR.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The grading of NPDR in Chinese patients without FFA appears inadequate and inaccurate. Routine use of FFA is recommended for NPDR grading, screening, treatment guidance, and follow-up in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145484376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105243
Chao Wan , Longwang Wu , Zhixiang Yan , Bo Liu , Tao Yu , Ke Wang , Xiangyu He , Yuli Yang
<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To scan and measure the scleral morphology of healthy eyes and keratoconus eyes using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), evaluate the differences in scleral morphology between them, and provide a more scientific basis for the precise fitting of scleral lenses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 85 subjects who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from March 2024 to November 2024 and underwent OCT examination were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into a healthy group (64 cases, 120 eyes) and a keratoconus group (21 cases, 40 eyes) according to whether they had the disease. Each subject underwent anterior segment OCT examination to measure and obtain corneoscleral parameters such as the Corneoscleral Junction Angle (CSJA), Scleral Angle (SA), Sagittal Height (SH), and Scleral Toricity (ST). The differences in the above parameters at different chord lengths and in different orientations were compared, and these parameters of the two groups of subjects were also compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In both groups, the CSJA was the largest in the superior position and the smallest in the nasal position, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The average nasal CSJA in the keratoconus group was 175.6°, while that in the healthy group was 177.0°, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the healthy group, at a chord length of 10.0 mm, the SA was the largest in the superonasal position and the smallest in the temporal position; at chord lengths of 12.8 mm, 14.0 mm, and 15.0 mm, the SA was the largest in the temporal position and the smallest in the superonasal position, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the keratoconus group, at a chord length of 10.0 mm, the SA was the largest in the superonasal position and the smallest in the temporal position; at a chord length of 12.8 mm, the SA was the largest in the temporal position and the smallest in the superonasal position; at chord lengths of 14.0 mm and 15.0 mm, the SA was the largest in the inferotemporal position and the smallest in the nasal position, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At chord lengths of 10.0 mm, 12.8 mm, 14.0 mm, and 15.0 mm, the SH in the keratoconus group was greater than that in the healthy group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The ST of both groups increased with the increase of the chord length. In the healthy group, the ST increased from 0.06 mm at chord length of 10.0 mm to 0.16 mm at chord length of 15.0 mm. In the keratoconus group, the ST increased from 0.11 mm at chord length of 10.0 mm to 0.20 mm at chord length of 15.0 mm, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); at chord lengths of 10.0 mm, 12.8 mm, 14.0 mm, and 15.0 mm, the ST in the keratoconus group was greater than that in the healthy group, and the differen
{"title":"Compare of the scleral morphology between healthy populations and keratoconus patients using optical coherence tomography","authors":"Chao Wan , Longwang Wu , Zhixiang Yan , Bo Liu , Tao Yu , Ke Wang , Xiangyu He , Yuli Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To scan and measure the scleral morphology of healthy eyes and keratoconus eyes using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), evaluate the differences in scleral morphology between them, and provide a more scientific basis for the precise fitting of scleral lenses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 85 subjects who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from March 2024 to November 2024 and underwent OCT examination were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into a healthy group (64 cases, 120 eyes) and a keratoconus group (21 cases, 40 eyes) according to whether they had the disease. Each subject underwent anterior segment OCT examination to measure and obtain corneoscleral parameters such as the Corneoscleral Junction Angle (CSJA), Scleral Angle (SA), Sagittal Height (SH), and Scleral Toricity (ST). The differences in the above parameters at different chord lengths and in different orientations were compared, and these parameters of the two groups of subjects were also compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In both groups, the CSJA was the largest in the superior position and the smallest in the nasal position, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The average nasal CSJA in the keratoconus group was 175.6°, while that in the healthy group was 177.0°, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the healthy group, at a chord length of 10.0 mm, the SA was the largest in the superonasal position and the smallest in the temporal position; at chord lengths of 12.8 mm, 14.0 mm, and 15.0 mm, the SA was the largest in the temporal position and the smallest in the superonasal position, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the keratoconus group, at a chord length of 10.0 mm, the SA was the largest in the superonasal position and the smallest in the temporal position; at a chord length of 12.8 mm, the SA was the largest in the temporal position and the smallest in the superonasal position; at chord lengths of 14.0 mm and 15.0 mm, the SA was the largest in the inferotemporal position and the smallest in the nasal position, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At chord lengths of 10.0 mm, 12.8 mm, 14.0 mm, and 15.0 mm, the SH in the keratoconus group was greater than that in the healthy group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The ST of both groups increased with the increase of the chord length. In the healthy group, the ST increased from 0.06 mm at chord length of 10.0 mm to 0.16 mm at chord length of 15.0 mm. In the keratoconus group, the ST increased from 0.11 mm at chord length of 10.0 mm to 0.20 mm at chord length of 15.0 mm, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); at chord lengths of 10.0 mm, 12.8 mm, 14.0 mm, and 15.0 mm, the ST in the keratoconus group was greater than that in the healthy group, and the differen","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105292
Yi-Rong Li , Chung-Hsing Chang
Antiplatelets, widely prescribed for cardiovascular diseases, are associated with an increased risk of bleeding, and careful evaluation is necessary before major surgical procedures. However, current clinical guidelines do not address bleeding risk in the context of noninvasive photodynamic therapy (PDT). We report a case involving a 69-year-old man receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and ticagrelor who developed unexpected purpura on both forearms following PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid for actinic keratoses. A platelet function test (PFT) revealed a prolonged collagen/adenosine diphosphate closure time, consistent with impaired platelet function attributable to DAPT. After modification of the antiplatelet regimen to include aspirin and clopidogrel, platelet function normalized and the purpura resolved. Before the second PDT session, PFT was performed and clopidogrel was withheld for 3 days. The second PDT session was smoothly completed without purpura formation. This report highlights the impact of PDT on platelets and the microcirculation, suggesting that antiplatelet-associated platelet dysfunction may predispose patients to cutaneous bleeding. For enhanced procedural safety and optimal therapeutic outcomes, we recommend comprehensive assessment with PFT before PDT for patients receiving DAPT.
{"title":"Topical 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy-induced purpura: Involvement of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT)","authors":"Yi-Rong Li , Chung-Hsing Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antiplatelets, widely prescribed for cardiovascular diseases, are associated with an increased risk of bleeding, and careful evaluation is necessary before major surgical procedures. However, current clinical guidelines do not address bleeding risk in the context of noninvasive photodynamic therapy (PDT). We report a case involving a 69-year-old man receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and ticagrelor who developed unexpected purpura on both forearms following PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid for actinic keratoses. A platelet function test (PFT) revealed a prolonged collagen/adenosine diphosphate closure time, consistent with impaired platelet function attributable to DAPT. After modification of the antiplatelet regimen to include aspirin and clopidogrel, platelet function normalized and the purpura resolved. Before the second PDT session, PFT was performed and clopidogrel was withheld for 3 days. The second PDT session was smoothly completed without purpura formation. This report highlights the impact of PDT on platelets and the microcirculation, suggesting that antiplatelet-associated platelet dysfunction may predispose patients to cutaneous bleeding. For enhanced procedural safety and optimal therapeutic outcomes, we recommend comprehensive assessment with PFT before PDT for patients receiving DAPT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105300
Guijun liu
{"title":"Commentary on \"Redefining scar quality: A synergistic approach with micro-needling and photodynamic therapy using methylene blue as a photosensitizer: a randomized clinical trial\"","authors":"Guijun liu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105300","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 105300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145644101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105302
Sunny Chi Lik Au
{"title":"Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of Mohs micrographic surgery with or without photodynamic therapy for locally advanced basal cell carcinoma","authors":"Sunny Chi Lik Au","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105302","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 105302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145644152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105296
Xiaohao Liu , Linkuan Huangfu , Long Wang , Jiayin Ding , Tianqi Li , Yahang Liu , Yue Yu , Miaomiao Zhang , Zhifei Dai , Yingjuan Zheng
The treatment of high-grade brainstem gliomas (HBSGs), which are a type of malignant neoplasm, is challenging. There is a need to develop novel and effective therapeutic approaches for HBSGs. This study analyzed the data between sonodynamic therapy (SDT) group and control groups. 24 patients with HBSGs who were treated with the combination of SDT and Stupp regimen served as SDT group. Admitted patients (n = 39) during the same period in our hospital,receiving only the Stupp regimen served as the control group. Most SDT-related adverse events (AEs) were classified as grade 1–2, indicating manageable safety risks. The incidence rates of severe AEs were not significantly different between the two groups. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were not significantly different between the SDT and control groups. However, the 6-month PFS rate (P = 0.009), 1-year PFS rate (P = 0.021), objective response rate(ORR) (P = 0.044), median duration of disease control(DDC) (P = 0.002), median duration of response(DOR) (P = 0.010), and improvement in Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS) scores at month 1 post-treatment in the SDT group were significantly superior than those in the control group (P < 0.001). In the SDT group, the median OS of patients undergoing < 2 and ≥ 2 SDT cycles of treatment was 14.9 (95% CI: 6.9–22.9) and 20.9 months (95% CI: 16.5–25.3), respectively (P = 0.003). SDT and chemoradiotherapy combination was associated with favorable safety and dose-dependent survival benefit in patients with HBSGs, indicating its therapeutic potential.
{"title":"Sonodynamic therapy with chemo-radiotherapy in high-grade brainstem gliomas: A prospective phase IIa clinical trial","authors":"Xiaohao Liu , Linkuan Huangfu , Long Wang , Jiayin Ding , Tianqi Li , Yahang Liu , Yue Yu , Miaomiao Zhang , Zhifei Dai , Yingjuan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The treatment of high-grade brainstem gliomas (HBSGs), which are a type of malignant neoplasm, is challenging. There is a need to develop novel and effective therapeutic approaches for HBSGs. This study analyzed the data between sonodynamic therapy (SDT) group and control groups. 24 patients with HBSGs who were treated with the combination of SDT and Stupp regimen served as SDT group. Admitted patients (n = 39) during the same period in our hospital,receiving only the Stupp regimen served as the control group. Most SDT-related adverse events (AEs) were classified as grade 1–2, indicating manageable safety risks. The incidence rates of severe AEs were not significantly different between the two groups. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were not significantly different between the SDT and control groups. However, the 6-month PFS rate (<em>P</em> = 0.009), 1-year PFS rate (<em>P</em> = 0.021), objective response rate(ORR) (<em>P</em> = 0.044), median duration of disease control(DDC) (<em>P</em> = 0.002), median duration of response(DOR) (<em>P</em> = 0.010), and improvement in Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS) scores at month 1 post-treatment in the SDT group were significantly superior than those in the control group (<em>P <</em> 0.001). In the SDT group, the median OS of patients undergoing < 2 and ≥ 2 SDT cycles of treatment was 14.9 (95% CI: 6.9–22.9) and 20.9 months (95% CI: 16.5–25.3), respectively (<em>P</em> = 0.003). SDT and chemoradiotherapy combination was associated with favorable safety and dose-dependent survival benefit in patients with HBSGs, indicating its therapeutic potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 105296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145597707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105288
Na Su , Xinpei Yuan , Wenjie Yin , Kun Huang , Wen Fan , Qiang Chen , Lin Jiang , Songtao Yuan
Purpose
Observing choroidal volume changes in myopia with various degrees via spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images.
Methods
215 eyes of 118 myopia patients were divided into 3 groups according to spherical equivalent: low myopia (LM), moderate myopia (MM) and high myopia (HM). Choroidal thickness (CT), choroidal volume (CV), vascular volume (VV), stromal volume (SV), choroidal vascular index (CVI), and mean choroidal vascular diameter (CVD) in the Haller and Sattler layers were measured. Choroidal capillary (CC) blood flow deficit percentage (FD%) was measured using Sauvola local threshold method through Enface images.
Results
As myopia degree increased, CT, CV and SV decreased, while CVI increased, CVD remained unchanged, and VV decreased significantly in the nasal and superior regions. Foveal CC FD% of HM was higher than that of LM and MM (P <0.05). The CCFD% of HM in the superior and total macular area also increased compared with MM (P <0.05). SE was positively correlated with CT, CV, and SV, while negatively correlated with CVI. CT was significantly correlated with SV and VV. And, the mean CT (P <0.05) and axial length (P <0.001) were the independent protection and risk factors for HM. ROC curve area was 0.800, with cutoff values of 75.11Px for CT and 26.24mm for axial length.
Conclusion
With myopia progression, the average choroidal thickness and volume decreased, primarily due to reduced stromal volume.
{"title":"Choroidal volume decrease associated with stromal regression in adult myopia: A high-resolution optical coherence tomography angiography study","authors":"Na Su , Xinpei Yuan , Wenjie Yin , Kun Huang , Wen Fan , Qiang Chen , Lin Jiang , Songtao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Observing choroidal volume changes in myopia with various degrees via spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>215 eyes of 118 myopia patients were divided into 3 groups according to spherical equivalent: low myopia (LM), moderate myopia (MM) and high myopia (HM). Choroidal thickness (CT), choroidal volume (CV), vascular volume (VV), stromal volume (SV), choroidal vascular index (CVI), and mean choroidal vascular diameter (CVD) in the Haller and Sattler layers were measured. Choroidal capillary (CC) blood flow deficit percentage (FD%) was measured using Sauvola local threshold method through Enface images.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As myopia degree increased, CT, CV and SV decreased, while CVI increased, CVD remained unchanged, and VV decreased significantly in the nasal and superior regions. Foveal CC FD% of HM was higher than that of LM and MM (P <0.05). The CCFD% of HM in the superior and total macular area also increased compared with MM (P <0.05). SE was positively correlated with CT, CV, and SV, while negatively correlated with CVI. CT was significantly correlated with SV and VV. And, the mean CT (P <0.05) and axial length (P <0.001) were the independent protection and risk factors for HM. ROC curve area was 0.800, with cutoff values of 75.11Px for CT and 26.24mm for axial length.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>With myopia progression, the average choroidal thickness and volume decreased, primarily due to reduced stromal volume.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 105288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105289
Hongxia Yao , Jie Liu , Jingjing Wang , Yu Zhu , Xiaowen Pu
Background
Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) is a precancerous condition with significant potential for malignant transformation. The 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is considered as a novel approach to treat VAIN. Recent studies have shown that an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota can affect the progression of VAIN. Thus, the effect of imbalanced microbiota on the efficacy of ALA-PDT for treating VAIN needs to be determined.
Method
Sixty-five female patients diagnosed with VAIN were recruited. 5-aminolevulinic acid was applied topically to the vaginal wall, followed by 635 nm red light at intervals of 7–14 days. Cytological inspections, high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotyping, vaginal colposcopy examinations, histopathology and culture and identification of vaginal microflora were performed before and after treatment.
Result
Among the 62 patients, the complete remission rate (CRR) of vaginal wall lesions was 85.5 %, and the HR-HPV clearance rate was 61.3 %. In the balanced vaginal microbiota group, the CRR of vaginal wall lesions reached 97.2 %, with an HR-HPV clearance rate of 75.1 %. In the imbalanced vaginal microbiota group, the CRR of vaginal wall lesions was only 65.5 %, with an HR-HPV clearance rate of 48.3 %. There was a trend of improved clearance of lesions and HR-HPV when the vaginal microbiota was balanced (p= 0.002 and p= 0.038, respectively). During the process of clinical treatment and the 1-year follow-up period, all patients experienced minimal adverse reactions.
Conclusion
The findings of this study demonstrate that ALA-PDT is a clinically effective and safe treatment for VAIN, and the vaginal microbiota’s status is a key factor affecting the efficacy of ALA-PDT for VAIN.
{"title":"Effect of vaginal microbial infections on the efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy for vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia","authors":"Hongxia Yao , Jie Liu , Jingjing Wang , Yu Zhu , Xiaowen Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) is a precancerous condition with significant potential for malignant transformation. The 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is considered as a novel approach to treat VAIN. Recent studies have shown that an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota can affect the progression of VAIN. Thus, the effect of imbalanced microbiota on the efficacy of ALA-PDT for treating VAIN needs to be determined.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Sixty-five female patients diagnosed with VAIN were recruited. 5-aminolevulinic acid was applied topically to the vaginal wall, followed by 635 nm red light at intervals of 7–14 days. Cytological inspections, high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotyping, vaginal colposcopy examinations, histopathology and culture and identification of vaginal microflora were performed before and after treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Among the 62 patients, the complete remission rate (CRR) of vaginal wall lesions was 85.5 %, and the HR-HPV clearance rate was 61.3 %. In the balanced vaginal microbiota group, the CRR of vaginal wall lesions reached 97.2 %, with an HR-HPV clearance rate of 75.1 %. In the imbalanced vaginal microbiota group, the CRR of vaginal wall lesions was only 65.5 %, with an HR-HPV clearance rate of 48.3 %. There was a trend of improved clearance of lesions and HR-HPV when the vaginal microbiota was balanced (<em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.002 and <em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.038, respectively). During the process of clinical treatment and the 1-year follow-up period, all patients experienced minimal adverse reactions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study demonstrate that ALA-PDT is a clinically effective and safe treatment for VAIN, and the vaginal microbiota’s status is a key factor affecting the efficacy of ALA-PDT for VAIN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 105289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105285
Zhiyu Gao, Fan Zhang
Objective
Use ultra-wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (UWF-SS-OCTA) to observe choroidal blood flow parameters in diabetic patients to aid clinical monitoring of diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Methods
In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 203 participants (243 eyes) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls were recruited. Diabetic patients were graded according to their severity: diabetes but without diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Utilizing UWF-SS-OCTA examination, comprehensive data collection of choroidal capillary blood flow density (VD-CC), choroidal medium-and large-vessel blood flow density (VD-LMVC), and choroidal vascular index (CVI) was conducted, encompassing both overall and 3 × 3 zoning analyses.
Results
Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) declined with increasing DR severity, significantly so in PDR (P < 0.05). Diabetic patients showed lower VD-LMVC and CVI than healthy controls (P < 0.05), while VD-CC showed no significant difference. VD-LMVC and CVI decreased with DR progression and were negatively correlated with DM duration, BCVA, HbA1c, and DR grade, particularly in the temporal region (P < 0.05). CVI correlated linearly with age, DR severity, VD-LMVC, and VD-CC, with DR grade being the strongest predictor (β'=-0.523, P < 0.001). CVI (AUC=93.2 %) demonstrated superior diagnostic value for DR compared to VD-LMVC (AUC=89.2 %) and VD-CC (AUC=88.7 %).
Conclusion
Choroidal hypoperfusion is a characteristic of DR. Choroidal blood flow density in patients with DR predominantly affects the medium- and large- vessel layers. The CVI shows a progressive decline as DR advances, with perfusion loss possibly initiating in the temporal subregions. Among the evaluated parameters, CVI demonstrates superior diagnostic utility over VD-CC and VD-LMVC for supporting DR diagnosis. However, all three parameters exhibit limited sensitivity in staging disease severity. CVI holds promise as a potential biomarker for monitoring DR progression.
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