Preventive medicine最新文献_第10页

Firearm violence victimization among youth and young adults: A socio-ecological analysis of risk and protective factors 青少年和青年中的枪支暴力受害：风险和保护因素的社会生态学分析

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-06-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108332

Bruce G. Taylor , Caroline Lancaster , Elizabeth A. Mumford , Jackie Sheridan-Johnson , Chandler C. Carter , Kimberly J. Mitchell , Weiwei Liu

Objective

To examine individual, interpersonal, community/societal, and policy-level risk and protective factors associated with firearm violence victimization (FVV) among persons 10–34 years old, and to assess age group differences in these associations.

Methods

Participants (n = 5311) were drawn from the AmeriSpeak panel (September 2023–January 2024), a nationally representative United States sample. Data sources included online surveys, the U.S. Census, FBI crime reports, and a state firearm law database. Structural equation modeling assessed multi-level influences on FVV, incorporating firearm access, carrying, and attitudes (FACSA), prior victimization, and other social, policy, and demographic factors. Interaction terms were used to assess age differences (10–17 years old versus 18–34 years old).

Results

In the fully specified model, only two variables—FACSA and Juvenile Victimization, Perpetration, and Trauma History (JVPTH) —remained statistically significant predictors of FVV. Permissive firearm laws indirectly elevated FVV risk by increasing firearm exposure. Age-stratified interactions showed no statistically significant differences in predictors between youth and young adults. This suggests that FACSA and JVPTH risk factors operate similarly across developmental stages.

Conclusions

Firearm-related behaviors and early-life trauma are central drivers of FVV. These two factors accounted for the greatest risk when controlling for other influences. Policy Implications: Prevention strategies should integrate early-life trauma intervention, firearm behavior education, and structural reforms to prevent FVV. Also, violence interruption strategies targeted toward young persons with histories of victimization could help prevent FVV. Addressing upstream firearm access and trauma exposure is critical to reducing FVV risk across developmental stages.

目的探讨10-34岁人群中与枪支暴力受害（FVV）相关的个体、人际、社区/社会和政策层面的风险和保护因素，并评估这些关联的年龄组差异。方法参与者（n = 5311）来自AmeriSpeak小组（2023年9月至2024年1月），这是一个具有全国代表性的美国样本。数据来源包括在线调查、美国人口普查、联邦调查局犯罪报告和一个州枪支法数据库。结构方程模型评估了对FVV的多层次影响，包括枪支获取、携带和态度（FACSA）、先前受害情况以及其他社会、政策和人口因素。相互作用项用于评估年龄差异（10-17岁vs 18-34岁）。结果在完全指定的模型中，只有两个变量facsa和青少年受害、犯罪和创伤史（JVPTH）仍然是FVV的统计显著预测因子。宽松的枪支法律通过增加枪支暴露间接增加了FVV风险。年龄分层的相互作用在青少年和年轻人之间的预测因子没有统计学上的显著差异。这表明FACSA和JVPTH风险因素在发育阶段的作用相似。结论枪械相关行为和早期生活创伤是FVV的主要驱动因素。在控制其他影响的情况下，这两个因素造成的风险最大。政策启示：预防策略应结合生命早期创伤干预、枪支行为教育和结构改革来预防FVV。此外，针对有受害史的年轻人的暴力中断战略可以帮助预防FVV。解决上游枪支获取和创伤暴露问题对于降低整个发育阶段的FVV风险至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Support staff distribution in K–12 US schools that experience shootings: A matched analysis” [Preventive Medicine, Volume 196, 2025 Jul;108296] “在经历枪击事件的美国K-12学校的支持人员分布：匹配分析”的更正[预防医学，第196卷，2025年7月；108296]。

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108333

Keith L. Hullenaar , Frederick Rivara , Eric J. Bruns

引用次数: 0

Bidirectional association between locomotive syndrome and metabolic syndrome: A 6-year longitudinal study in Japanese workers 机车综合征与代谢综合征的双向关联：日本工人6年的纵向研究。

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108334

Takahiko Yoshimoto , Tomohiro Shinozaki , Ko Matsudaira

Objective

Locomotive syndrome (LS), characterized by reduced mobility due to musculoskeletal problems, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are significant public health concerns with considerable societal impact. This study aimed to investigate the bidirectional association between LS and MetS in a cohort of Japanese manufacturing workers using a 6-year longitudinal dataset.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used annual health checkup data from actively employed adults (aged ≥40) from 2016 to 2022. LS was assessed using the LS Risk Test, including the Two-Step Test, modified Stand-Up Test, and Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of MetS and LS according to baseline status. Covariates included age, sex, and lifestyle-related behaviors. Sensitivity analyses excluding the COVID-19 pandemic period and subgroup analyses were also conducted.

Results

Among the 4301 participants without MetS at baseline, 20.4 % developed MetS during the follow-up period. LS was associated with an increased risk of MetS (adjusted HR: 1.34, 95 % CI: 1.16, 1.55). In contrast, among the 3359 participants without LS at baseline, 38.5 % developed LS; however, MetS was not associated with the incidence of LS (adjusted HR: 1.07, 95 % CI: 0.88, 1.31). Additional analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings.

Conclusions

LS was a significant risk factor for MetS, but MetS did not contribute to LS progression. These findings highlight the importance of mobility preservation in MetS prevention and suggest the need for workplace interventions that target musculoskeletal health among aging workers.

目的：机车综合征（LS）和代谢综合征（MetS）是具有重大社会影响的重大公共卫生问题，其特征是由于肌肉骨骼问题导致的活动能力降低。本研究旨在利用6年的纵向数据集调查日本制造业工人队列中LS和MetS之间的双向关联。方法：本回顾性队列研究使用2016年至2022年在职成年人（年龄≥40岁）的年度健康检查数据。采用LS风险测试，包括两步测试、改良站立测试和老年机车功能量表。Cox比例风险模型根据基线状态估计MetS和LS发生率的风险比（hr）和95% %置信区间（CIs）。协变量包括年龄、性别和与生活方式相关的行为。还进行了排除COVID-19大流行期的敏感性分析和亚组分析。结果：在4301名基线时无MetS的参与者中，20.4 %在随访期间发生了MetS。LS与met风险增加相关（调整后危险度：1.34,95 % CI: 1.16, 1.55）。相比之下，在基线时没有LS的3359名参与者中，38.5 %发展为LS；然而，MetS与LS的发生率无关（调整后危险度：1.07,95 % CI: 0.88, 1.31）。进一步的分析证实了研究结果的稳健性。结论：LS是MetS的重要危险因素，但MetS并不促进LS的进展。这些发现强调了保持活动能力在MetS预防中的重要性，并建议需要针对老年工人的肌肉骨骼健康进行工作场所干预。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating Canada's innovative policy for health warnings on cigarette sticks: A pre/post assessment among adults who smoke 评价加拿大香烟棒上健康警语的创新政策：对吸烟成年人的前后评估。

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108330

James F. Thrasher , Samantha Petillo , Yanwen Sun , Liyan Xiong , Emily E. Hackworth , Stuart G. Ferguson , David Hammond , Crawford Moodie , on behalf of the Insert Project Team

Objective

Evaluate Canada's innovative policy mandating warning messages on cigarette sticks.

Methods

We analyzed data from an open cohort of Canadian adults who smoke, surveyed every 3 months (February 2023–November 2024; n = 11,487 observations from 4716 individuals). Participants reported: liking the look of their cigarette sticks (1-Dislike a lot to 7-Like a lot); feelings when looking at sticks (1-Very bad to 7-Very good); frequency of thinking about smoking-related harms due to sticks (1-Not at all to 5-Extremely); and forgoing cigarettes they normally smoke due to the look of sticks (no vs. yes). Linear and logistic generalized estimating equations regressed these outcomes on implementation period (i.e., pre-policy 2023 surveys [ref.] vs post-policy 2024 surveys), adjusting for covariates and post-stratification weights. Analyzing participants followed to the next survey (n = 6959 observations, 2356 individuals), separate adjusted mixed-effects logistic models regressed quit attempts in the 3-month interval since the prior survey on each stick measure from the prior survey (coded: neutral [ref.], dislike, like; neutral [ref.], bad, good; no forgoing [ref.], forwent cigarettes).

Results

From pre- to post-policy periods, liking and feelings about sticks became more negative (B = -0.15, 95 %CI = -0.22, −0.08; B = -0.07, 95 %CI = -0.13, −0.01) and forgoing cigarettes increased (AOR = 1.18, 95 %CI = 1.06, 1.32). Those who felt bad (vs. neutral) when looking at sticks were more likely to try to quit by the next survey (AOR = 1.31, 95 %CI = 1.05, 1.62), as were those who forwent cigarettes (AOR = 1.73, 95 %CI = 1.40, 2.15).

Conclusions

Countries should consider expanding cigarette labeling to include on-cigarette warnings, which appear to have increased outcomes that predict quit attempts in Canada.

目的：评价加拿大在香烟棒上强制规定警告信息的创新政策。方法：我们分析了来自加拿大吸烟成年人的开放队列数据，每3个 月调查一次(2023年2月- 2024年11月；N = 来自4716个人的11,487个观察结果)。参与者报告说：喜欢香烟棒的外观（1-不喜欢到7-喜欢）；看木棍时的感觉（1-非常差到7-非常好）；考虑吸烟相关危害的频率（1-完全不考虑到5-非常考虑）；他们通常会因为香烟的外形而放弃吸烟（不吸烟vs.吸烟）。线性和逻辑广义估计方程对实施期间（即2023年政策前调查与2024年政策后调查）的这些结果进行了回归，调整了协变量和分层后的权重。分析随访到下一次调查的参与者（n = 6959个观察结果，2356个人），单独调整的混合效应逻辑模型回归了自上次调查以来3个月间隔内每个戒烟措施从上次调查(编码：中性[ref.]，不喜欢，喜欢；中性的[参考]，坏的，好的；不放弃[参考]；不放弃香烟。结果：从政策实施前到政策实施后，对棍棒的喜欢程度和感觉程度呈负向变化(B = -0.15,95 %CI = -0.22,-0.08； = -0.07,95 CI  % = -0.13,-0.01),放弃香烟增加(AOR = 1.18,95 CI  % = 1.06,1.32)。感到难过的人(比中性)当看着棍棒下更有可能尝试戒烟的调查(AOR = 1.31,95 % CI = 1.05,1.62),是那些放弃香烟(AOR = 1.73,95 CI  % = 1.40,2.15)。结论：各国应考虑扩大香烟标签，包括香烟上的警告，这似乎增加了预测加拿大戒烟企图的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Determining the optimal cervical cancer screening exit strategy in the Netherlands 确定最佳宫颈癌筛查退出策略在荷兰

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108329

Veerle J.C. Schevenhoven, Erik E.L. Jansen, Inge M.C.M. de Kok

Objective

In the Netherlands, women are currently invited for human papillomavirus (HPV) screening until age 60 (or age 65 for HPV-positive women). New data from HPV screening implementation in the Netherlands improved understanding of its longer-term protective effects and risk differences between population subgroups. With this, our aim was to optimize screening exit strategies.

Methods

The microsimulation model MISCAN-Cervix was used to simulate a population of unvaccinated women born between 1962 and 1992 over their lifetime. We simulated 20 different exit strategies, varying by screening end ages and screening interval dependent on previous HPV status, with two triage methods (cytology triage or direct colposcopy referral for HPV16/18+ women aged ≥60). Main outcome measures were total and unnecessary colposcopy referrals (i.e. ≤ cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia stage 1), cancer cases and deaths prevented, and (quality-adjusted) life years gained ((QA)LYG). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated for scenarios on the cost-effectiveness frontier.

Results

Screening of HPV-positive women at age 65 and age 70, with direct colposcopy referral of HPV16/18+ women aged ≥60 was the optimal exit strategy considering a threshold of €50,000 per LYG (ICER: €20,190/LYG, €46,985/QALY). This resulted in 18 additional cancer deaths prevented and 158 additional unnecessary referrals per 100,000 simulated women compared to the current strategy. Direct colposcopy referral of HPV16/18+ women aged ≥60 improved cost-effectiveness in all scenarios.

Conclusions

In the Dutch HPV screening program, adding screening moments for older HPV-positive women and/or incorporating direct referrals for HPV16/18+ women is cost-effective and could increase the efficiency and effectiveness of screening.

目的在荷兰，妇女目前被邀请进行人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）筛查，直到60岁（或65岁的HPV阳性妇女）。来自荷兰HPV筛查实施的新数据提高了对其长期保护作用和人群亚群之间风险差异的理解。因此，我们的目标是优化筛选退出策略。方法采用微观模拟模型MISCAN-Cervix对1962 ~ 1992年出生的未接种疫苗的妇女进行终身模拟。我们模拟了20种不同的退出策略，根据筛查结束年龄和筛查间隔取决于以前的HPV状态，采用两种分诊方法（细胞学分诊或直接阴道镜转诊的HPV16/18+年龄≥60的女性）。主要结局指标为全部和不必要的阴道镜检查转诊（即≤宫颈上皮内瘤变1期），预防癌症病例和死亡，获得（质量调整）生命年（(QA)LYG）。计算了成本效益前沿情景的增量成本效益比（ICERs）。结果考虑到每LYG 50,000欧元的阈值（ICER: 20,190欧元/LYG， 46,985欧元/QALY），对65岁和70岁的hpv阳性女性进行筛查，直接阴道镜转诊HPV16/18+≥60岁的女性是最佳退出策略。与目前的战略相比，这导致每10万名模拟妇女中额外预防了18例癌症死亡和158例不必要的转诊。年龄≥60岁的HPV16/18+妇女直接阴道镜转诊可提高所有情况下的成本效益。结论在荷兰HPV筛查项目中，增加老年HPV阳性妇女的筛查时间和/或纳入HPV16/18+妇女的直接转诊是具有成本效益的，可以提高筛查的效率和效果。

{"title":"Determining the optimal cervical cancer screening exit strategy in the Netherlands","authors":"Veerle J.C. Schevenhoven, Erik E.L. Jansen, Inge M.C.M. de Kok","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In the Netherlands, women are currently invited for human papillomavirus (HPV) screening until age 60 (or age 65 for HPV-positive women). New data from HPV screening implementation in the Netherlands improved understanding of its longer-term protective effects and risk differences between population subgroups. With this, our aim was to optimize screening exit strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The microsimulation model MISCAN-Cervix was used to simulate a population of unvaccinated women born between 1962 and 1992 over their lifetime. We simulated 20 different exit strategies, varying by screening end ages and screening interval dependent on previous HPV status, with two triage methods (cytology triage or direct colposcopy referral for HPV16/18+ women aged ≥60). Main outcome measures were total and unnecessary colposcopy referrals (i.e. ≤ cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia stage 1), cancer cases and deaths prevented, and (quality-adjusted) life years gained ((QA)LYG). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated for scenarios on the cost-effectiveness frontier.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Screening of HPV-positive women at age 65 and age 70, with direct colposcopy referral of HPV16/18+ women aged ≥60 was the optimal exit strategy considering a threshold of €50,000 per LYG (ICER: €20,190/LYG, €46,985/QALY). This resulted in 18 additional cancer deaths prevented and 158 additional unnecessary referrals per 100,000 simulated women compared to the current strategy. Direct colposcopy referral of HPV16/18+ women aged ≥60 improved cost-effectiveness in all scenarios.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the Dutch HPV screening program, adding screening moments for older HPV-positive women and/or incorporating direct referrals for HPV16/18+ women is cost-effective and could increase the efficiency and effectiveness of screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108329"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical activity among adolescents from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds: Findings from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children 来自不同文化和语言背景的青少年的体育活动：来自澳大利亚儿童纵向研究的结果。

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108328

Nariman Dennaoui , Gregory S. Kolt , Emma S. George , Justin M. Guagliano

Objective

This study examined longitudinal changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) and non-CALD adolescents.

Methods

Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, conducted in Australia between 2010 and 2018, focusing on participants aged 10–15 years. CALD status was determined based on parental birthplace and main language spoken at home. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were assessed using time use diaries, with generalised estimating equation models used to analyse longitudinal changes.

Results

Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity declined significantly over time among CALD adolescents compared to their non-CALD counterparts (CALD girls: coefficient = −17.54, 95 % CI: −23.97 to −11.11; CALD boys: coefficient = −18.23, 95 % CI: −25.30 to −11.17). At each time point, CALD girls exhibited the lowest minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels among all other age groups, with mean values of 73.41 (95 % CI: 67.11–79.71) at 10–11 years, 52.91 (95 % CI: 47.20–58.61) at 12–13 years, and 37.26 (95 % CI: 32.05–42.46) at 14–15 years.

Conclusion

The consistently lower levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among CALD adolescents, especially girls, highlight the need for culturally tailored interventions to address cultural and language barriers, to promote greater physical activity participation among this population.

目的：本研究考察了文化和语言多样性（CALD）和非CALD青少年中高强度体育活动的纵向变化。方法：数据来自2010年至2018年在澳大利亚进行的澳大利亚儿童纵向研究，重点关注10-15岁 岁的参与者。CALD状态是根据父母出生地和家庭主要语言来确定的。使用时间使用日记来评估中度至剧烈的身体活动，并使用广义估计方程模型来分析纵向变化。结果：与非CALD青少年相比，CALD青少年中高强度的身体活动随着时间的推移显着下降(CALD女孩：系数 = -17.54,95 % CI: -23.97至-11.11；CALD男孩：系数 = -18.23,95 % CI: -25.30 ~ -11.17)。在每个时间点，CALD女孩在所有其他年龄组中表现出中等至剧烈身体活动水平的最低分钟数，10-11 岁时的平均值为73.41(95 % CI: 67.11-79.71)， 12-13 岁时的平均值为52.91(95 % CI: 47.20-58.61)， 14-15 岁时的平均值为37.26（95 % CI: 32.05-42.46）。结论：CALD青少年（尤其是女孩）中高强度体育活动水平持续较低，这突出了针对文化和语言障碍进行量身定制的干预措施的必要性，以促进该人群更多地参与体育活动。

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引用次数: 0

Ongoing incentives' 36-month effect on physical activity in a Japanese insurance-based health-promotion program 日本一项基于保险的健康促进计划中，持续的激励措施对身体活动的36个月影响

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108327

Masashi Kanai , Naoki Onozato , Yosuke Fujisawa , Takashi Hamatani , Kakeru Tateyama , Takahiro Miki , Takuya Toda , Tsutomu Sugawara , Yuta Hagiwara

Objective

Although incentive-based interventions have shown promise in promoting physical activity, evidence on their long-term effectiveness remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate ongoing, structured incentives' long-term effects on physical activity in a large, real-world population.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used a pre–post observational design using data from the SUMITOMO LIFE Vitality program in Japan. Participants enrolled from January to June 2021 with three years of uninterrupted participation. Participants earning weekly incentives for step goals received tangible rewards, such as beverages or food, reinforcing engagement. Additionally, accumulated points contributed to improving their insurance status, which resulted in greater reductions in insurance premiums and access to a broader range of benefits. The primary outcome was an upward trend in average daily step counts that were continuously tracked over 36-months with wearable devices and smartphone applications.

Results

Included in the final analysis were 86,175 participants (mean [standard deviation] age, 43.4 [12.1] years; 57.7 % men). Model-adjusted average daily step counts increased from 7239.7 (95 % CI, 7213.4 to 7266.0) steps/day at Month 1 to 9054.9 (95 % CI, 9023.7 to 9086.2) at Month 12, 9350.1 (95 % CI, 9318.4 to 9381.8) at Month 24, and 9392.7 (95 % CI, 9361.1 to 9424.3) at Month 36. These increases were statistically significant (P < 0.001), and sensitivity analyses confirmed consistent results.

Conclusions

Ongoing, structured incentives were associated with sustained increases in physical activity over 36 months, providing evidence for incentive-based interventions' long-term effectiveness in real-world settings.

虽然基于激励的干预措施在促进体育活动方面显示出希望，但其长期有效性的证据仍然有限。这项研究旨在评估正在进行的、结构化的激励措施对现实世界中大量人群体育活动的长期影响。方法：本回顾性队列研究采用前后观察设计，数据来自日本住友生命活力项目。参与者于2021年1月至6月注册，为期三年的不间断参与。每周获得步数目标奖励的参与者得到了有形的奖励，比如饮料或食物，从而加强了参与度。此外，累积积分有助于改善他们的保险状况，从而大大减少保险费并获得更广泛的福利。研究的主要结果是，在36个月的时间里，通过可穿戴设备和智能手机应用程序，每天的平均步数呈上升趋势。结果最终分析纳入86,175名参与者(平均[标准差]年龄43.4[12.1]岁；男性占57.7%)。模型调整后的平均每日步数从第1个月的7239.7 （95% CI， 7213.4至7266.0）步/天增加到第12个月的9054.9 (95% CI， 9023.7至9086.2)，第24个月的9350.1 (95% CI， 9318.4至9381.8)，第36个月的9392.7 （95% CI， 9361.1至9424.3）。这些增加具有统计学意义(P <；0.001)，敏感性分析证实了一致的结果。结论：在过去的36个月里，结构性激励与身体活动的持续增加有关，这为基于激励的干预措施在现实世界中的长期有效性提供了证据。

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引用次数: 0

The association of childhood experiences of abuse on timely cervical cancer screening utilization among women in the United States 儿童虐待经历与美国妇女及时宫颈癌筛查利用的关系

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108326

Khaila A. Prather, Suman Kanti Chowdhury, Harsha Puri, Elizabeth Zacharias, Melissa Newsome, Russell S. Kirby

Objective

Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern, particularly among vulnerable populations. This study examines the association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and timely Pap test utilization for cervical cancer screening among women aged 21–65 years, with a focus on the association of abuse.

Methods

This study utilized the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) that included 41,111 women aged 21–65 years from 29 states. Using descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression, we conducted exploratory analyses to assess the association between experiences of abuse and timely Pap test utilization and to examine if household challenges moderate this association.

Results

Women who did not experience abuse had higher odds of receiving a timely Pap test compared to those with a history of abuse (aOR = 1.29, 95 % CI: 1.08–1.54). While household challenges were not significantly associated with timely screenings (aOR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.71–1.01), women without household challenges and abuse had significantly higher odds of receiving timely Pap tests (aOR = 1.66, 95 % CI: 1.27–2.17). Non-Hispanic Black women, married women, women with higher education, women who were employed, and women who had health insurance showed higher odds of timely Pap test utilization.

Conclusions

The study highlights the association between ACEs and preventive health behaviors. These findings emphasize the need for trauma-informed care interventions to address these disparities. Policy recommendations include expanding and enhancing access to cervical cancer screening for women with ACEs.

目的宫颈癌仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题，特别是在脆弱人群中。本研究探讨了不良童年经历（ace）与21-65岁女性宫颈癌筛查中巴氏试验的及时使用之间的关系，重点研究了虐待的关系。方法本研究利用2020年行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS），包括来自29个州的41,111名年龄在21-65岁之间的女性。使用描述性分析和多变量逻辑回归，我们进行了探索性分析，以评估虐待经历与及时使用巴氏试验之间的关联，并检查家庭挑战是否调节了这种关联。结果与有虐待史的妇女相比，没有遭受虐待的妇女接受及时巴氏涂片检查的几率更高（aOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.08-1.54）。虽然家庭挑战与及时筛查没有显著相关性（aOR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.71-1.01），但没有家庭挑战和虐待的妇女及时接受巴氏试验的几率明显更高（aOR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.27-2.17）。非西班牙裔黑人妇女、已婚妇女、受过高等教育的妇女、有工作的妇女和有健康保险的妇女及时使用巴氏试验的几率更高。结论本研究强调了ace与预防性健康行为之间的关系。这些发现强调了创伤知情护理干预的必要性，以解决这些差异。政策建议包括扩大和加强对ace妇女进行宫颈癌筛查的机会。

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引用次数: 0

Life satisfaction, loneliness, and routine health check-ups: Evidence from the UK Household Longitudinal Study 生活满意度、孤独感和常规健康检查：来自英国家庭纵向研究的证据

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108324

Fernando Antonio Ignacio González , Gimena Ramos

Objective

While sociodemographic factors affect health check-ups, less is known about the role of psychosocial factors. Based on a nationally representative longitudinal survey in the United Kingdom (UK), this study explores the association of satisfaction with multiple dimensions and loneliness with health check-ups.

Methods

We use microdata from the UK Household Longitudinal Study, representative of the UK adult population (2017–2022). A multiple linear regression model with interactions and fixed effects was used to analyze the relationship between both objective (having close friends) and subjective (feeling lonely) measures of loneliness and satisfaction in multiple dimensions (work, health, income, leisure time, and life) and five types of health check-ups: ophthalmology, blood pressure, cholesterol, X-rays, and blood tests. In addition, we analyzed the association between satisfaction and the probability of trust and openness toward friends as a mechanism to explain the relationship.

Results

Having more friends, feeling loneliness more often, and being satisfied with income were associated with greater use of different health check-ups. On the contrary, being satisfied with one's health was negatively associated health check-ups. Higher satisfaction levels were associated with greater trust and openness with friends, suggesting a potential explanatory mechanism.

Conclusion

Our study underscores the need for a comprehensive approach to understanding psychosocial factors in healthcare utilization. When designing future research and policy, it is crucial to consider objective and subjective indicators of individuals' psychosocial well-being and satisfaction across multiple dimensions.

目的虽然社会人口因素影响健康检查，但对社会心理因素的作用了解较少。基于英国一项具有全国代表性的纵向调查，本研究探讨了多维满意度和孤独感与健康检查的关系。方法：我们使用来自英国家庭纵向研究的微观数据，代表英国成年人口（2017-2022）。采用具有相互作用和固定效应的多元线性回归模型，分析了客观（拥有亲密朋友）和主观（感到孤独）维度（工作、健康、收入、休闲时间和生活）的孤独感和满意度与五种健康检查（眼科、血压、胆固醇、x光和血液检查）之间的关系。此外，我们分析了满意度与信任概率和对朋友的开放程度之间的关系，作为解释这种关系的机制。结果更多的朋友、更经常感到孤独和对收入满意与更多地使用不同的健康检查有关。相反，健康满意度与健康检查呈负相关。满意度越高，与朋友之间的信任和坦诚程度越高，这暗示了一种潜在的解释机制。结论我们的研究强调需要一个全面的方法来了解心理社会因素在医疗保健的利用。在设计未来的研究和政策时，重要的是要从多个维度考虑个人社会心理健康和满意度的客观和主观指标。

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引用次数: 0

Tobacco marketing exposure and lifetime and current nicotine pouch use among US youth, 2022 2022年，美国青少年烟草营销暴露、终身和当前尼古丁袋使用情况

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108322

Saber Feizy , Delvon T. Mattingly , Melinda Ickes , Mary Kay Rayens , W. Jay Christian , Melissa Abadi , Seth Himelhoch , Shyanika W. Rose

Objective

The rising popularity of nicotine pouches among youth necessitates an understanding how marketing exposure influences their use, to inform regulation. This study examines the associations of tobacco marketing exposures with nicotine pouch use among adolescent students in the United States.

Methods

We analyzed data from 26,860 middle and high-school students in the United States who participated in the 2022 National Youth Tobacco Survey. The survey was administered during January–May 2022. Weighted logistic regressions with and without covariates (i.e., sociodemographic characteristics, other tobacco product use, and social media use) were used to evaluate the relationships between exposure to a variety of tobacco product advertisement modes (television/streaming/movies; Internet; newspapers/magazines; and convenience store/supermarket/gas station/kiosk/shopping center) and lifetime and current use of nicotine pouch products.

Results

Nicotine pouches were used by 1 % of middle and high school youth ever in their lifetime in the United States. Most current use was of flavored products and 16 % of youth who used nicotine pouches purchased the product themselves. Controlling for other factors, exposure to tobacco advertising in newspapers/magazines was associated with higher likelihood of lifetime (aOR = 1.74, CI = 1.06–2.84) and current (aOR = 4.37, CI = 2.23–8.53) nicotine pouch use. Additionally, odds of lifetime and current use were highest among youth who also used smokeless tobacco, followed by e-cigarettes, and cigarettes.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that tobacco marketing exposure is associated with youth nicotine pouch use. In addition, nicotine pouches appeal especially to youth who use smokeless tobacco, e-cigarettes, and cigarettes suggesting the potential for dual/poly use.

目的尼古丁袋在青少年中越来越受欢迎，有必要了解营销曝光如何影响其使用，为监管提供信息。本研究探讨了美国青少年学生中烟草营销暴露与尼古丁袋使用的关系。方法：我们分析了参加2022年全国青少年烟草调查的26860名美国中学生和高中生的数据。该调查于2022年1月至5月进行。采用有或无协变量（即社会人口统计学特征、其他烟草制品使用和社交媒体使用）的加权逻辑回归来评估暴露于各种烟草制品广告模式(电视/流媒体/电影；互联网;报纸/杂志;便利店/超市/加油站/售货亭/购物中心)和尼古丁袋装产品的终生和当前使用情况。结果美国初高中青少年中有1%的人曾经使用过尼古丁袋。目前大多数使用的是调味产品，16%使用尼古丁袋装尼古丁的年轻人自己购买产品。在控制其他因素后，接触报纸/杂志上的烟草广告与终生（aOR = 1.74, CI = 1.06-2.84）和当前（aOR = 4.37, CI = 2.23-8.53）使用尼古丁袋的可能性较高相关。此外，终生和当前使用无烟烟草的青少年的几率最高，其次是电子烟和香烟。结论本研究表明烟草市场暴露与青少年尼古丁袋使用有关。此外，尼古丁袋对使用无烟烟草、电子烟和香烟的年轻人尤其有吸引力，这表明尼古丁袋可能具有双重/多重用途。

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引用次数: 0