Preventive medicine最新文献_第9页

Longitudinal association of change in physical activity and cognitive performance in midlife women: Study of women's health across the nation 中年妇女体力活动变化与认知表现的纵向关联：全国妇女健康研究。

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108411

Karla R. Wente , Sheila A. Dugan , Lynda H. Powell , Howard M. Kravitz , Kelly Karavolos , Imke Janssen

Objective

To determine if physical activity increase at midlife is associated with less cognitive decline over time.

Methods

The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, an ongoing longitudinal study, started in 1996 with a diverse cohort of midlife women, and. Included cognitive and physical activity tests. Analytic baseline for physical activity was the average of visits zero through six, prior to cognitive testing. Women missing educational levels or baseline stroke, or fewer than two baseline physical activity or three cognitive assessments, were excluded. Change in physical activity was calculated as difference between metabolic equivalent of task (MET) hours at analytic baseline and visits nine, 12, 13, and 15 (2017). Cognitive baseline was defined at visit nine to reduce practice effects. Longitudinal association between physical activity change and cognition for processing speed [Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT)], working memory [Digit Span Backwards (DSB)], and verbal episodic memory [East Boston Memory Test- delayed recall (EBMT-d)] were analyzed using mixed linear and Poisson regression models.

Results

Our sample consisted of 2020 women. Baseline MET hours/week was Mean (SD) 6.8 (2.4). Increases in MET hours/week from physical activity baseline was positively associated with higher SDMT scores over time, adjusting for sociodemographic, medical, and emotional-behavioral factors [β = 0.02 (0, 0.04)]. No significant associations were observed for the other two measures.

Conclusion

Physical activity increase was associated with higher processing speed over time but not with working or verbal episodic memory. Increased physical activity in midlife women may delay cognitive decline.

目的：确定中年时增加体力活动是否与随着时间的推移认知能力下降减少有关。方法：全国妇女健康研究是一项正在进行的纵向研究，于1996年开始，对中年妇女进行了不同的队列研究。包括认知和身体活动测试。体力活动的分析基线是在认知测试之前，从零到六次就诊的平均值。缺乏教育水平或基线中风，或少于两次基线体力活动或三次认知评估的女性被排除在外。体力活动的变化计算为分析基线时代谢当量任务（MET）小时与第9、12、13和15次就诊之间的差异（2017年）。在第9次就诊时定义认知基线以减少练习效果。采用混合线性和泊松回归模型分析了身体活动变化与加工速度认知[符号数字模态测试（SDMT）]、工作记忆[向后数字广度测试（DSB）]和言语情景记忆[东波士顿记忆测试-延迟回忆（EBMT-d）]的纵向关联。结果：我们的样本包括2020名女性。基线MET小时/周平均（SD） 6.8（2.4）。在调整了社会人口统计学、医学和情绪行为因素后，从身体活动基线开始，MET小时/周的增加与SDMT分数的提高呈正相关[β = 0.02(0,0.04)]。其他两项测量没有观察到显著的关联。结论：随着时间的推移，体力活动的增加与更高的处理速度有关，但与工作或言语情景记忆无关。中年妇女增加体力活动可能延缓认知能力下降。

{"title":"Longitudinal association of change in physical activity and cognitive performance in midlife women: Study of women's health across the nation","authors":"Karla R. Wente , Sheila A. Dugan , Lynda H. Powell , Howard M. Kravitz , Kelly Karavolos , Imke Janssen","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine if physical activity increase at midlife is associated with less cognitive decline over time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, an ongoing longitudinal study, started in 1996 with a diverse cohort of midlife women, and. Included cognitive and physical activity tests. Analytic baseline for physical activity was the average of visits zero through six, prior to cognitive testing. Women missing educational levels or baseline stroke, or fewer than two baseline physical activity or three cognitive assessments, were excluded. Change in physical activity was calculated as difference between metabolic equivalent of task (MET) hours at analytic baseline and visits nine, 12, 13, and 15 (2017). Cognitive baseline was defined at visit nine to reduce practice effects. Longitudinal association between physical activity change and cognition for processing speed [Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT)], working memory [Digit Span Backwards (DSB)], and verbal episodic memory [East Boston Memory Test- delayed recall (EBMT-d)] were analyzed using mixed linear and Poisson regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our sample consisted of 2020 women. Baseline MET hours/week was Mean (SD) 6.8 (2.4). Increases in MET hours/week from physical activity baseline was positively associated with higher SDMT scores over time, adjusting for sociodemographic, medical, and emotional-behavioral factors [β = 0.02 (0, 0.04)]. No significant associations were observed for the other two measures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Physical activity increase was associated with higher processing speed over time but not with working or verbal episodic memory. Increased physical activity in midlife women may delay cognitive decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health inequalities: Is adolescent involvement in the legal system associated with reduced health care access and usage during adulthood? 健康不平等：青少年参与法律体系是否与成年期获得和使用医疗服务的机会减少有关？

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108413

Ian A. Silver , Jamie Newsome , Tova Cohen

Objective

This study examined the association between being involved in the criminal legal system prior to age 18 and access to medical coverage/care in adulthood.

Methods

Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1997 (NLSY-97) birth cohort – a United States based sample collected from 1997 to 2021 – was analyzed to estimate differences in the probability of having health coverage or accessing medical care across four groups with varying involvement in the criminal legal system prior to age 18.

Results

Arrests before 18 was associated with a 8.9 % reduction in health insurance endorsement (2003−2021), a 3 % reduction in routine check-up endorsement (2003–2021), and a 4 % increase in visiting a doctor when sick (2003–2008). Incarceration in juvenile facilities was associated with a 29 % decrease, a 16 % decrease, and a 21 % decrease in the three dependent variables (respectively). Incarceration in adult facilities before 18 was associated with a 36 % decrease, a 15 % decrease, and a 7 % increase in the three dependent variables (respectively).

Conclusions

Being arrested, incarcerated in a facility for juveniles, or incarcerated in an adult facility before 18 may be linked to reduced access to medical insurance and medical care during adulthood.

目的：本研究考察了18岁之前参与刑事法律体系与成年后获得医疗保险/护理之间的关系。方法：分析了1997年全国青年纵向调查（NLSY-97）出生队列的数据——一个从1997年到2021年收集的基于美国的样本——以估计在18岁之前不同参与刑事法律体系的四组人中获得医疗保险或获得医疗保健的可能性的差异。结果：18岁之前的逮捕与健康保险签注减少8. %（2003-2021年）、常规检查签注减少3. %（2003-2021年）和生病看医生增加4. %（2003-2008年）相关。在少管所的监禁与三个因变量分别降低29% %、16% %和21% %相关。18岁之前在成人设施的监禁与三个因变量（分别）相关，分别减少36% %，减少15% %和增加7% %。结论：在18岁之前被逮捕、被关押在少年犯管教所或被关押在成人管教所可能与成年期间获得医疗保险和医疗服务的机会减少有关。

{"title":"Health inequalities: Is adolescent involvement in the legal system associated with reduced health care access and usage during adulthood?","authors":"Ian A. Silver , Jamie Newsome , Tova Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the association between being involved in the criminal legal system prior to age 18 and access to medical coverage/care in adulthood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1997 (NLSY-97) birth cohort – a United States based sample collected from 1997 to 2021 – was analyzed to estimate differences in the probability of having health coverage or accessing medical care across four groups with varying involvement in the criminal legal system prior to age 18.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Arrests before 18 was associated with a 8.9 % reduction in health insurance endorsement (2003−2021), a 3 % reduction in routine check-up endorsement (2003–2021), and a 4 % increase in visiting a doctor when sick (2003–2008). Incarceration in juvenile facilities was associated with a 29 % decrease, a 16 % decrease, and a 21 % decrease in the three dependent variables (respectively). Incarceration in adult facilities before 18 was associated with a 36 % decrease, a 15 % decrease, and a 7 % increase in the three dependent variables (respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Being arrested, incarcerated in a facility for juveniles, or incarcerated in an adult facility before 18 may be linked to reduced access to medical insurance and medical care during adulthood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determinants of smoke-free homes adoption among Spanish adults who smoke: A prospective cohort study from the 2016–2021 International Tobacco Control (ITC) EUREST-PLUS Spain Surveys 西班牙吸烟成年人采用无烟家庭的决定因素：2016-2021年国际烟草控制（ITC） EUREST-PLUS西班牙调查的前瞻性队列研究。

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108415

Olena Tigova , Yolanda Castellano , Marcela Fu , Pete Driezen , Cristina Martínez , Anne C.K. Quah , Geoffrey T. Fong , Esteve Fernández

Objective

To assess the prevalence and associated factors of smoke-free homes (SFHs) among Spanish adults who smoke across three cohort waves, and to identify determinants of SFH adoption during follow-up (2016–2021).

Methods

The International Tobacco Control EUREST-PLUS Spain Survey is a nationally representative cohort of ∼1000 adults (≥18 years) who smoke surveyed in 2016, 2018, and 2021. First, we conducted repeated cross-sectional analysis to estimate the prevalence of SFHs at each wave. Second, we estimated incidence and risk ratios (RR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for SFH adoption during the follow-up using adjusted generalised linear models. Independent variables included sociodemographics, smoking characteristics, and beliefs about second-hand smoke harms.

Results

SFH prevalence was 13.1 % in 2016, 19.0 % in 2018, and 31.5 % in 2021 (p trend <0.001). Quitting smoking (RR = 2.66; 95 % CI: 2.10, 3.36), remaining in any stage other than precontemplation (RR = 1.76; 1.13, 2.73) and progressing beyond precontemplation stage (RR = 2.59; 1.99, 3.37) were determinants of SFH adoption. Maintaining moderate or high nicotine dependence (RR = 0.46; 0.30, 0.69) was inversely associated with SFH adoption.

Conclusions

SFH prevalence among Spanish adults who smoke increased in 2016–2021. Initiatives promoting SFHs should encourage progression through the stages of change towards cessation and provide tailored support for individuals with high nicotine dependence.

目的：评估三个队列波中吸烟的西班牙成年人中无烟家庭（SFHs）的患病率及其相关因素，并在随访（2016-2021）期间确定无烟家庭采用的决定因素。方法：国际烟草控制EUREST-PLUS西班牙调查是在2016年、2018年和2021年对吸烟的约1000名成年人（≥18 岁）进行的全国代表性队列调查。首先，我们进行了反复的横断面分析，以估计每一波SFHs的患病率。其次，我们使用调整后的广义线性模型估计随访期间采用SFH的发生率和风险比（RR）为95 %置信区间（CI）。独立变量包括社会人口统计学、吸烟特征和对二手烟危害的看法。结果：2016年SFH患病率为13.1 %，2018年为19.0 %，2021年为31.5 % （p趋势）。结论：2016-2021年西班牙成年吸烟者中SFH患病率上升。促进SFHs的举措应鼓励戒烟阶段的进展，并为高度尼古丁依赖的个人提供量身定制的支持。

{"title":"Determinants of smoke-free homes adoption among Spanish adults who smoke: A prospective cohort study from the 2016–2021 International Tobacco Control (ITC) EUREST-PLUS Spain Surveys","authors":"Olena Tigova , Yolanda Castellano , Marcela Fu , Pete Driezen , Cristina Martínez , Anne C.K. Quah , Geoffrey T. Fong , Esteve Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the prevalence and associated factors of smoke-free homes (SFHs) among Spanish adults who smoke across three cohort waves, and to identify determinants of SFH adoption during follow-up (2016–2021).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The International Tobacco Control EUREST-PLUS Spain Survey is a nationally representative cohort of ∼1000 adults (≥18 years) who smoke surveyed in 2016, 2018, and 2021. First, we conducted repeated cross-sectional analysis to estimate the prevalence of SFHs at each wave. Second, we estimated incidence and risk ratios (RR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for SFH adoption during the follow-up using adjusted generalised linear models. Independent variables included sociodemographics, smoking characteristics, and beliefs about second-hand smoke harms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SFH prevalence was 13.1 % in 2016, 19.0 % in 2018, and 31.5 % in 2021 (p trend <0.001). Quitting smoking (RR = 2.66; 95 % CI: 2.10, 3.36), remaining in any stage other than precontemplation (RR = 1.76; 1.13, 2.73) and progressing beyond precontemplation stage (RR = 2.59; 1.99, 3.37) were determinants of SFH adoption. Maintaining moderate or high nicotine dependence (RR = 0.46; 0.30, 0.69) was inversely associated with SFH adoption.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SFH prevalence among Spanish adults who smoke increased in 2016–2021. Initiatives promoting SFHs should encourage progression through the stages of change towards cessation and provide tailored support for individuals with high nicotine dependence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145113964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical activity in youth and cardiovascular disease risk in later-life: Mediation by mid-life factors in a large cohort of Swedish adults 青年体育活动与晚年心血管疾病风险：在一大群瑞典成年人中中年因素的中介作用

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108416

Frida Söderström , Elin Ekblom-Bak , Sofia Paulsson , Daniel Väisänen

Objective

The aims were to investigate the association between youth physical activity and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life in men and women and whether mid-life lifestyle-associated factors, including exercise, smoking, Body Mass Index (BMI), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂max), mediate this association.

Methods

Data from 269,431 Swedish participants (52 % men) who participated in occupational health profile assessments between 1995 and 2023 were included. Youth physical activity was self-reported as overall participation in school-based physical education and physical activity outside school before age 20. CVD incidence was obtained from national registers. Mediation analyses assessed mid-life lifestyle-associated factors' influence on the association.

Results

Compared to those reporting no physical education participation, participation in only physical education was associated with a 18 % lower risk for CVD later in life (HR = 0.82, 95 % CI 0.70,0.95). Participating in additional physical activity outside school yielded varying risk estimates (HR = 0.78, 95 % CI 0.67,0.90 for one to two times/week; HR = 0.84, 95 % CI 0.73,0.97 for three to five times/week). VO₂max, BMI, and smoking mediated 16 %–32 % of the association. In the single mediation model, cardiorespiratory fitness explicitly mediated the association in those who participated in physical education and at least one weekly sessions of physical activity outside school.

Conclusion

Youth refraining from participating in physical education class could be considered a risk group for later-life CVD. Mediation analyses suggest that engaging in only physical education or with additional physical activity outside school in youth, may confer more healthy behaviour in mid-life, which explain the lower CVD risk.

目的探讨青年体育活动与成年后心血管疾病（CVD）风险之间的关系，以及中年生活方式相关因素（包括运动、吸烟、体重指数（BMI）和心肺功能（VO2max））是否介导了这种关系。方法纳入1995年至2023年间参加职业健康概况评估的269,431名瑞典参与者（52%为男性）的数据。青少年体育活动自我报告为20岁前参加校本体育教育和校外体育活动的总体情况。心血管疾病发病率来自国家登记册。中介分析评估了中年生活方式相关因素对该关联的影响。结果与没有参加体育锻炼的人相比，只参加体育锻炼的人晚年患心血管疾病的风险降低18% （HR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.70,0.95）。参加校外额外的体育活动产生了不同的风险估计（HR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.67,0.90, 1 - 2次/周；HR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.73,0.97, 3 - 5次/周）。最大摄氧量（VO2max）、体重指数（BMI）和吸烟介导了16% - 32%的相关性。在单一中介模型中，心肺健康在参加体育教育和每周至少一次校外体育活动的人群中显着介导了这种关联。结论不参加体育课的青少年是晚年心血管疾病的高危人群。中介分析表明，在青年时期只参加体育教育或在校外进行额外的体育活动，可能会给中年带来更健康的行为，这解释了较低的心血管疾病风险。

{"title":"Physical activity in youth and cardiovascular disease risk in later-life: Mediation by mid-life factors in a large cohort of Swedish adults","authors":"Frida Söderström , Elin Ekblom-Bak , Sofia Paulsson , Daniel Väisänen","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aims were to investigate the association between youth physical activity and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life in men and women and whether mid-life lifestyle-associated factors, including exercise, smoking, Body Mass Index (BMI), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO<sub>2</sub>max), mediate this association.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 269,431 Swedish participants (52 % men) who participated in occupational health profile assessments between 1995 and 2023 were included. Youth physical activity was self-reported as overall participation in school-based physical education and physical activity outside school before age 20. CVD incidence was obtained from national registers. Mediation analyses assessed mid-life lifestyle-associated factors' influence on the association.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to those reporting no physical education participation, participation in only physical education was associated with a 18 % lower risk for CVD later in life (HR = 0.82, 95 % CI 0.70,0.95). Participating in additional physical activity outside school yielded varying risk estimates (HR = 0.78, 95 % CI 0.67,0.90 for one to two times/week; HR = 0.84, 95 % CI 0.73,0.97 for three to five times/week). VO<sub>2</sub>max, BMI, and smoking mediated 16 %–32 % of the association. In the single mediation model, cardiorespiratory fitness explicitly mediated the association in those who participated in physical education and at least one weekly sessions of physical activity outside school.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Youth refraining from participating in physical education class could be considered a risk group for later-life CVD. Mediation analyses suggest that engaging in only physical education or with additional physical activity outside school in youth, may confer more healthy behaviour in mid-life, which explain the lower CVD risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Persistent sex differences in diabetes management (1997–2022): 25 years of national evidence from the Swiss Health Survey 糖尿病管理的持续性别差异（1997-2022）：25 瑞士健康调查的全国证据。

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108407

Shun Yi , Pedro Marques-Vidal

Objective

To evaluate sex-specific trends in diabetes management in Switzerland over a 25-year period using nationally representative data, and to determine whether menopausal status modifies these differences.

Methods

We analyzed six Swiss Health Surveys (1997–2022) to assess sex differences in diabetes screening, diagnosis, treatment, and control. Multivariable logistic regressions were adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle covariates. Age-stratified analyses explored life-stage-specific patterns, using age > 50 as a proxy for menopausal status.

Results

A total of 80,133 participants (54.5 % female) were included. After multivariable adjustment, females showed a higher likelihood of recent diabetes screening than males across all survey years (e.g., OR 1.20, 95 % CI 1.12–1.28 in 2022), with no evidence of narrowing over time. Conversely, females had a consistently lower likelihood of being diagnosed with diabetes (e.g., OR 0.71, 95 % CI 0.63–0.81 in 2022) and of being treated once diagnosed (e.g., OR 0.56, 95 % CI 0.40–0.80 in 2022), with no temporal improvement. No significant sex differences in diabetes control were observed among those treated. Age-stratified analyses revealed that sex disparities varied by age, potentially reflecting that life-stage-related factors may contribute to the observed disparities.

Conclusions

This study highlights persistent, age-modulated sex differences in diabetes management over two decades in Switzerland. While diabetes control was similar between sexes once treatment was initiated, inequities in screening, diagnosis, and treatment remain.

目的：利用具有全国代表性的数据，评估瑞士25年来糖尿病管理的性别特异性趋势，并确定绝经状态是否会改变这些差异。方法：我们分析了6项瑞士健康调查（1997-2022），以评估糖尿病筛查、诊断、治疗和控制方面的性别差异。根据人口统计学、社会经济和生活方式协变量调整多变量logistic回归。年龄分层分析探讨了特定生命阶段的模式，使用年龄 > 50作为更年期状态的代表。结果：共纳入80,133名参与者（54.5 %为女性）。在多变量调整后，在所有调查年份中，女性显示出近期糖尿病筛查的可能性高于男性（例如，2022年的OR为1.20,95 % CI为1.12-1.28），没有证据表明随着时间的推移而缩小。相反，女性被诊断为糖尿病的可能性（例如，2022年，OR为0.71,95 % CI为0.63-0.81）和诊断后接受治疗的可能性（例如，2022年，OR为0.56,95 % CI为0.40-0.80）一直较低，没有时间上的改善。治疗组在糖尿病控制方面没有明显的性别差异。年龄分层分析显示，性别差异因年龄而异，潜在地反映了与生活阶段相关的因素可能导致观察到的差异。结论：这项研究强调了瑞士20多年来糖尿病管理中持续的、年龄调节的性别差异。虽然一旦开始治疗，两性之间的糖尿病控制是相似的，但筛查、诊断和治疗方面的不平等仍然存在。

{"title":"Persistent sex differences in diabetes management (1997–2022): 25 years of national evidence from the Swiss Health Survey","authors":"Shun Yi , Pedro Marques-Vidal","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate sex-specific trends in diabetes management in Switzerland over a 25-year period using nationally representative data, and to determine whether menopausal status modifies these differences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed six Swiss Health Surveys (1997–2022) to assess sex differences in diabetes screening, diagnosis, treatment, and control. Multivariable logistic regressions were adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle covariates. Age-stratified analyses explored life-stage-specific patterns, using age > 50 as a proxy for menopausal status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 80,133 participants (54.5 % female) were included. After multivariable adjustment, females showed a higher likelihood of recent diabetes screening than males across all survey years (e.g., OR 1.20, 95 % CI 1.12–1.28 in 2022), with no evidence of narrowing over time. Conversely, females had a consistently lower likelihood of being diagnosed with diabetes (e.g., OR 0.71, 95 % CI 0.63–0.81 in 2022) and of being treated once diagnosed (e.g., OR 0.56, 95 % CI 0.40–0.80 in 2022), with no temporal improvement. No significant sex differences in diabetes control were observed among those treated. Age-stratified analyses revealed that sex disparities varied by age, potentially reflecting that life-stage-related factors may contribute to the observed disparities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights persistent, age-modulated sex differences in diabetes management over two decades in Switzerland. While diabetes control was similar between sexes once treatment was initiated, inequities in screening, diagnosis, and treatment remain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporary urban environment changes to promote physical activity in urban populations: A scoping review 临时城市环境变化促进城市人口身体活动：范围综述

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108398

Jian Lei, Claire Fitzsimons, Marie Murphy, Ailsa Niven

Objective

To examine what is known about the role of Temporary Urban Environment Changes (TUECs) in promoting physical activity in urban contexts.

Methods

We conducted a scoping review in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. We systematically searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO, with screening and selection based on predefined criteria. Searches were completed in September 2024.

Results

Forty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, mostly published after 2019 and set in high- income countries (primarily the United States and Europe). Five TUECs categories were identified: Open/Play Streets and Ciclovía, pop-up cycle lanes, pop-up parks, parklets/plazas, and other. Walking and cycling were the most frequently supported activities; 38 studies reported a beneficial direction of effect on physical activity and 4 were inconclusive. The evidence base is dominated by observational or cross-sectional designs, with inconsistent theoretical framing and heterogeneous physical-activity measures (mostly self-report or on-site observation, with few device-based measures). Equity dimensions, including reach among inactive groups, deprivation, disability and age, were rarely examined.

Conclusion

TUECs offer a flexible and increasingly relevant approach to supporting physical activity in urban environments. This review consolidates a fragmented evidence base and proposes a coherent lens for understanding how temporary spatial interventions are conceptualised, operationalised, and evaluated. As urban areas seek scalable, health-oriented solutions, TUECs deserve closer attention—not as isolated experiments, but as strategic tools within broader public health and urban planning agendas.

目的：研究在城市环境中，临时城市环境变化（TUECs）在促进身体活动中的作用。方法：我们根据系统评价的首选报告项目和范围评价的元分析扩展进行了范围评价。我们系统地检索了MEDLINE （Ovid）、Web of Science、PubMed、SPORTDiscus、CINAHL、Scopus和PsycINFO，并根据预先设定的标准进行筛选和选择。搜寻工作于2024年9月完成。结果：42项研究符合纳入标准，主要发表于2019年之后，并设置在高收入国家（主要是美国和欧洲）。确定了五个TUECs类别：开放/游戏街和Ciclovía，弹出式自行车道，弹出式公园，小公园/广场等。步行和骑自行车是最常被支持的活动；38项研究报告了对身体活动的有益影响，4项研究尚无定论。证据基础主要是观察性或横断面设计，具有不一致的理论框架和异质性的身体活动测量（主要是自我报告或现场观察，很少有基于设备的测量）。公平方面，包括在不活动群体、贫困、残疾和年龄之间的接触，很少得到审查。结论：tuec为支持城市环境中的身体活动提供了一种灵活且日益相关的方法。这篇综述整合了支离破碎的证据基础，并提出了一个连贯的视角来理解临时空间干预措施是如何概念化、操作化和评估的。随着城市地区寻求可扩展的、以健康为导向的解决方案，tuec应该得到更密切的关注——不是作为孤立的实验，而是作为更广泛的公共卫生和城市规划议程中的战略工具。

{"title":"Temporary urban environment changes to promote physical activity in urban populations: A scoping review","authors":"Jian Lei, Claire Fitzsimons, Marie Murphy, Ailsa Niven","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine what is known about the role of Temporary Urban Environment Changes (TUECs) in promoting physical activity in urban contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a scoping review in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. We systematically searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO, with screening and selection based on predefined criteria. Searches were completed in September 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, mostly published after 2019 and set in high- income countries (primarily the United States and Europe). Five TUECs categories were identified: Open/Play Streets and Ciclovía, pop-up cycle lanes, pop-up parks, parklets/plazas, and other. Walking and cycling were the most frequently supported activities; 38 studies reported a beneficial direction of effect on physical activity and 4 were inconclusive. The evidence base is dominated by observational or cross-sectional designs, with inconsistent theoretical framing and heterogeneous physical-activity measures (mostly self-report or on-site observation, with few device-based measures). Equity dimensions, including reach among inactive groups, deprivation, disability and age, were rarely examined.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TUECs offer a flexible and increasingly relevant approach to supporting physical activity in urban environments. This review consolidates a fragmented evidence base and proposes a coherent lens for understanding how temporary spatial interventions are conceptualised, operationalised, and evaluated. As urban areas seek scalable, health-oriented solutions, TUECs deserve closer attention—not as isolated experiments, but as strategic tools within broader public health and urban planning agendas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital health strategies for sudden infant death syndrome prevention: A scoping review 预防婴儿猝死综合征的数字健康策略：范围审查。

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108412

Chinenye Lynette Ejezie , Lea Sacca , Sara Burgoa , Yasmine Zerrouki , Olajumoke Ope Oladoyin , Precious Chiamaka Anunobi , Sarah E. Messiah

Objective

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been widely studied, leading to the development of various preventive interventions. However, the application of digital health strategies for SIDS prevention remains largely unexplored. This study was conducted to identify and characterize the digital health strategies that have been utilized to address SIDS.

Methods

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews and the Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework were used to guide this review. PubMed, CINAHL, and Ovid MEDLINE were searched for relevant peer-reviewed manuscripts published from database inception to April 2024. Peer-reviewed studies in English that utilized digital health strategies were included. Articles that did not explicitly indicate the use of digital health interventions for SIDS prevention were excluded.

Results

Eighteen peer-reviewed manuscripts were included in this review. The type of digital health technology and/or strategies used included video, livestream, digital document, online/web-based program, telephone, blog posts, Instagram post, home monitor, email, and text message. SIDS prevention efforts employed included education, sleep guidelines, sleep instructions, sleep recommendations, modeling, skills training, and safe sleep policy.

Conclusions

Overall, the application of digital health strategies for SIDS prevention remains limited. More research is needed to examine how digital health technologies can be better employed to address SIDS.

目的：婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS）已被广泛研究，导致各种预防干预措施的发展。然而，数字卫生战略在小岛屿发展中国家预防方面的应用在很大程度上仍未得到探索。进行这项研究是为了确定和描述用于解决小岛屿发展中国家问题的数字卫生战略。方法：采用系统评价的首选报告项目和范围评价的元分析扩展以及Arksey和O'Malley方法框架来指导本综述。检索PubMed， CINAHL和Ovid MEDLINE从数据库建立到2024年4月发表的相关同行评议手稿。采用数字健康策略的英文同行评议研究也包括在内。未明确指出为小岛屿发展中国家预防使用数字卫生干预措施的文章被排除在外。结果：18篇同行评议的论文被纳入本综述。使用的数字健康技术和/或策略类型包括视频、直播、数字文档、在线/基于网络的程序、电话、博客文章、Instagram帖子、家庭监视器、电子邮件和短信。预防小岛屿发展中国家所采取的措施包括：睡眠指南、睡眠指导、睡眠建议、建模、技能培训和安全睡眠政策。结论：总体而言，数字卫生战略在小岛屿发展中国家预防中的应用仍然有限。需要更多的研究来审查如何更好地利用数字卫生技术来解决小岛屿发展中国家的问题。

{"title":"Digital health strategies for sudden infant death syndrome prevention: A scoping review","authors":"Chinenye Lynette Ejezie , Lea Sacca , Sara Burgoa , Yasmine Zerrouki , Olajumoke Ope Oladoyin , Precious Chiamaka Anunobi , Sarah E. Messiah","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been widely studied, leading to the development of various preventive interventions. However, the application of digital health strategies for SIDS prevention remains largely unexplored. This study was conducted to identify and characterize the digital health strategies that have been utilized to address SIDS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews and the Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework were used to guide this review. PubMed, CINAHL, and Ovid MEDLINE were searched for relevant peer-reviewed manuscripts published from database inception to April 2024. Peer-reviewed studies in English that utilized digital health strategies were included. Articles that did not explicitly indicate the use of digital health interventions for SIDS prevention were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eighteen peer-reviewed manuscripts were included in this review. The type of digital health technology and/or strategies used included video, livestream, digital document, online/web-based program, telephone, blog posts, Instagram post, home monitor, email, and text message. SIDS prevention efforts employed included education, sleep guidelines, sleep instructions, sleep recommendations, modeling, skills training, and safe sleep policy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, the application of digital health strategies for SIDS prevention remains limited. More research is needed to examine how digital health technologies can be better employed to address SIDS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 108412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rural-urban differences in the symptoms, side effects, and physical activity of cancer survivors in the United States 美国癌症幸存者的症状、副作用和身体活动的城乡差异

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108380

Whitney E. Zahnd , Jessica Gorzelitz , Mary E. Charlton , Heather Schacht Reisinger , Sarah H. Nash , Aaron T. Seaman

Objective

To evaluate rural-urban differences in cancer-related symptoms, side effects, activities of daily living, and physical activity among cancer survivors in the United States.

Methods

We analyzed the Health Information National Trends Survey -Surveillance Epidemiology End Results (HINTS -SEER; n = 1054 cancer survivors) from the Greater San Francisco Bay Area, Iowa, and New Mexico between January – August 2021. Respondents were surveyed on cancer-related symptoms and side effects along with their activities of daily living (ADL) and physical activity (PA). We calculated weighted percentages and Rao-Scott chi-square tests for reported differences between rural and urban survivors. Rural/urban status was determined using Rural Urban Continuum Codes.

Results

Rural and urban cancer survivors did not differ in their reporting of symptoms or side effects, with each group reporting approximately 20 % or greater prevalence of each assessed symptom or side effect. For ADLs, rural cancer survivors more frequently reported difficulty dressing/bathing compared to their urban counterparts (7.7 % vs. 3.1 %, p = 0.02), but there were no statistically significant differences for other ADLs. A higher percentage of urban cancer survivors compared to rural reported meeting aerobic PA recommendations of ≥150 minutes moderate intensity activity per week (47.9 % vs. 33.8 %, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

While many cancer survivors report symptoms and side effects of cancer treatment, no substantial variations existed by rurality. Important exceptions to this was that rural cancer survivors reported greater difficulty with bathing and dressing, and lower PA. Interventions and research to address these rural-urban differences will be critical to ensure rural cancer survivors have optimal long-term outcomes.

目的评估美国癌症幸存者在癌症相关症状、副作用、日常生活活动和身体活动方面的城乡差异。方法分析卫生信息全国趋势调查-监测流行病学最终结果(提示-SEER；n = 1054名癌症幸存者)来自大旧金山湾区，爱荷华州和新墨西哥州，时间为2021年1月至8月。调查对象的癌症相关症状和副作用以及日常生活活动（ADL）和身体活动（PA）。我们计算加权百分比和Rao-Scott卡方检验报告农村和城市幸存者之间的差异。使用农村/城市连续代码确定农村/城市状态。结果农村和城市癌症幸存者报告的症状或副作用没有差异，每组报告的每种评估的症状或副作用的患病率约为20%或更高。对于adl，与城市患者相比，农村癌症幸存者更频繁地报告穿衣/洗澡困难（7.7%比3.1%,p = 0.02），但在其他adl中没有统计学上的显著差异。与农村相比，城市癌症幸存者达到有氧运动协会建议的每周≥150分钟中等强度运动的比例更高(47.9% vs 33.8%, p <；0.001)。结论：虽然许多癌症幸存者报告了癌症治疗的症状和副作用，但农村地区没有实质性的差异。重要的例外是，农村癌症幸存者报告洗澡和穿衣更困难，PA更低。解决这些城乡差异的干预措施和研究对于确保农村癌症幸存者获得最佳的长期结果至关重要。

{"title":"Rural-urban differences in the symptoms, side effects, and physical activity of cancer survivors in the United States","authors":"Whitney E. Zahnd , Jessica Gorzelitz , Mary E. Charlton , Heather Schacht Reisinger , Sarah H. Nash , Aaron T. Seaman","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate rural-urban differences in cancer-related symptoms, side effects, activities of daily living, and physical activity among cancer survivors in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed the Health Information National Trends Survey -Surveillance Epidemiology End Results (HINTS -SEER; <em>n</em> = 1054 cancer survivors) from the Greater San Francisco Bay Area, Iowa, and New Mexico between January – August 2021. Respondents were surveyed on cancer-related symptoms and side effects along with their activities of daily living (ADL) and physical activity (PA). We calculated weighted percentages and Rao-Scott chi-square tests for reported differences between rural and urban survivors. Rural/urban status was determined using Rural Urban Continuum Codes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Rural and urban cancer survivors did not differ in their reporting of symptoms or side effects, with each group reporting approximately 20 % or greater prevalence of each assessed symptom or side effect. For ADLs, rural cancer survivors more frequently reported difficulty dressing/bathing compared to their urban counterparts (7.7 % vs. 3.1 %, <em>p</em> = 0.02), but there were no statistically significant differences for other ADLs. A higher percentage of urban cancer survivors compared to rural reported meeting aerobic PA recommendations of ≥150 minutes moderate intensity activity per week (47.9 % vs. 33.8 %, <em>p</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While many cancer survivors report symptoms and side effects of cancer treatment, no substantial variations existed by rurality. Important exceptions to this was that rural cancer survivors reported greater difficulty with bathing and dressing, and lower PA. Interventions and research to address these rural-urban differences will be critical to ensure rural cancer survivors have optimal long-term outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 108380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of sustained extremely low income and income decrease with the risk of Parkinson's disease: A population-based nationwide cohort study in Korea 持续极低收入和收入减少与帕金森病风险的关系：韩国一项基于人群的全国队列研究

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108394

Seo Yeon Yoon , Kyungdo Han , Kyu-Na Lee , Jee Hyun Suh , Ga Eun Nam

Objective

Previous studies on the association between income and Parkinson's disease assessed income status at a single time point, without considering changes over time. This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal association between various income dynamics and the risk of Parkinson's disease.

Methods

We used the Korean National Health Insurance Service data, enrolling 2,644,550 individuals who participated in the 2012 National Health Screening Program. The national health insurance premium was used as a proxy measure of income, with four levels (quartile 1 [low] to 4 [high]). Additionally, Medical Aid was classified as extremely low-income. Parkinson's disease was defined using the ICD-10 code (G20) and the rare intractable disease registration code (V124). Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the longitudinal association between income status and Parkinson's disease rate.

Results

During the study period, the incidence rate of Parkinson's disease was 27.13 per 100,000 person-years. A dose-response association between the cumulative number of years in the extremely low-income status and Parkinson's disease rate was identified (P for trend <0.001). A decrease in income from 2008 to 2012 to extremely low-income from quartile 1 (HR = 2.19, 95 % CI 1.55, 3.09), quartile 2 (HR = 2.56, 95 % CI 1.75, 3.74), or quartile 3 (HR = 2.20, 95 % CI 1.24, 3.88) was associated with more than a two-fold increased Parkinson's disease rate compared to individuals with sustained income status.

Conclusions

Individuals with sustained extremely low income over 5 consecutive years and those who experienced a decrease in income to this status were at a significantly higher rate of developing Parkinson's disease.

目的以往关于收入与帕金森病关系的研究只评估了一个时间点的收入状况，而没有考虑随时间的变化。本研究旨在评估不同收入动态与帕金森病风险之间的纵向关联。方法：我们使用韩国国民健康保险服务的数据，纳入了参加2012年国家健康筛查计划的2,644,550人。国家健康保险费被用作收入的替代衡量标准，分为四个等级（四分位数1[低]至4[高]）。此外，医疗援助被列为极低收入。使用ICD-10代码（G20）和罕见难治性疾病登记代码（V124）对帕金森病进行定义。采用Cox比例风险模型评估收入状况与帕金森病发病率之间的纵向关联。结果在研究期间，帕金森病的发病率为27.13 / 10万人/年。发现极低收入状态的累积年数与帕金森病发病率之间存在剂量反应相关性（P代表趋势<；0.001）。从2008年到2012年，收入从四分位数1 （HR = 2.19, 95% CI 1.55, 3.09）、四分位数2 （HR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.75, 3.74）或四分位数3 （HR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.24, 3.88）下降到极低收入者，与持续收入状况的个体相比，帕金森病发病率增加了两倍以上。结论连续5年以上持续收入极低的个体和收入下降到这一水平的个体患帕金森病的几率明显较高。

{"title":"Association of sustained extremely low income and income decrease with the risk of Parkinson's disease: A population-based nationwide cohort study in Korea","authors":"Seo Yeon Yoon , Kyungdo Han , Kyu-Na Lee , Jee Hyun Suh , Ga Eun Nam","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Previous studies on the association between income and Parkinson's disease assessed income status at a single time point, without considering changes over time. This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal association between various income dynamics and the risk of Parkinson's disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used the Korean National Health Insurance Service data, enrolling 2,644,550 individuals who participated in the 2012 National Health Screening Program. The national health insurance premium was used as a proxy measure of income, with four levels (quartile 1 [low] to 4 [high]). Additionally, Medical Aid was classified as extremely low-income. Parkinson's disease was defined using the ICD-10 code (G20) and the rare intractable disease registration code (V124). Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the longitudinal association between income status and Parkinson's disease rate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the study period, the incidence rate of Parkinson's disease was 27.13 per 100,000 person-years. A dose-response association between the cumulative number of years in the extremely low-income status and Parkinson's disease rate was identified (P for trend <0.001). A decrease in income from 2008 to 2012 to extremely low-income from quartile 1 (HR = 2.19, 95 % CI 1.55, 3.09), quartile 2 (HR = 2.56, 95 % CI 1.75, 3.74), or quartile 3 (HR = 2.20, 95 % CI 1.24, 3.88) was associated with more than a two-fold increased Parkinson's disease rate compared to individuals with sustained income status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individuals with sustained extremely low income over 5 consecutive years and those who experienced a decrease in income to this status were at a significantly higher rate of developing Parkinson's disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 108394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maintaining healthy lifestyle behaviours in the era of social media: Challenges and solutions 在社交媒体时代保持健康的生活方式：挑战和解决方案

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108395

Jean-Philippe Chaput , Allana G. LeBlanc

Objective

To examine the dual role of social media in influencing lifestyle behaviours relevant to chronic disease prevention and to propose strategies that align digital environments with public health objectives.

Methods

This commentary synthesizes recent evidence on the associations between social media use and health behaviours, including physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and sedentary time. It draws on research from public health, behavioural science, and digital media studies to highlight both risks and opportunities.

Results

Evidence shows that prolonged and unregulated social media engagement contributes to increased sedentary time, sleep disruption, poor dietary choices, exposure to targeted marketing of unhealthy products, unrealistic body ideals, and health misinformation. Conversely, social media can be harnessed to promote behaviour change through scalable interventions such as social support, self-monitoring, and goal setting.

Conclusions

Addressing the challenges posed by social media requires coordinated, multi-level strategies. These include redesigning digital environments with health-promoting defaults, regulating harmful commercial exposures, leveraging platforms for evidence-based health promotion, strengthening digital literacy, and introducing school-based smartphone restrictions. Aligning platform design and governance with public health goals is essential to mitigating risks, supporting healthy behaviours, and improving population health outcomes.

目的研究社交媒体在影响与慢性病预防相关的生活方式行为方面的双重作用，并提出使数字环境与公共卫生目标保持一致的战略。这篇评论综合了最近关于社交媒体使用与健康行为（包括身体活动、营养、睡眠和久坐时间）之间关系的证据。它借鉴了公共卫生、行为科学和数字媒体研究方面的研究，以突出风险和机遇。结果有证据表明，长时间和不受监管的社交媒体参与会导致久坐时间增加、睡眠中断、不良饮食选择、接触不健康产品的定向营销、不切实际的身体理想和健康错误信息。相反，社交媒体可以通过社会支持、自我监控和目标设定等可扩展的干预措施来促进行为改变。应对社交媒体带来的挑战需要协调的、多层次的战略。这些措施包括重新设计具有促进健康默认值的数字环境，规范有害的商业暴露，利用基于证据的健康促进平台，加强数字素养，以及引入基于学校的智能手机限制。使平台设计和治理与公共卫生目标保持一致，对于减轻风险、支持健康行为和改善人口健康结果至关重要。

{"title":"Maintaining healthy lifestyle behaviours in the era of social media: Challenges and solutions","authors":"Jean-Philippe Chaput , Allana G. LeBlanc","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the dual role of social media in influencing lifestyle behaviours relevant to chronic disease prevention and to propose strategies that align digital environments with public health objectives.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This commentary synthesizes recent evidence on the associations between social media use and health behaviours, including physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and sedentary time. It draws on research from public health, behavioural science, and digital media studies to highlight both risks and opportunities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Evidence shows that prolonged and unregulated social media engagement contributes to increased sedentary time, sleep disruption, poor dietary choices, exposure to targeted marketing of unhealthy products, unrealistic body ideals, and health misinformation. Conversely, social media can be harnessed to promote behaviour change through scalable interventions such as social support, self-monitoring, and goal setting.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Addressing the challenges posed by social media requires coordinated, multi-level strategies. These include redesigning digital environments with health-promoting defaults, regulating harmful commercial exposures, leveraging platforms for evidence-based health promotion, strengthening digital literacy, and introducing school-based smartphone restrictions. Aligning platform design and governance with public health goals is essential to mitigating risks, supporting healthy behaviours, and improving population health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 108395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0