Pub Date : 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108438
Ana S. Neumann , Iakovos Toumazis , Jennifer A. O'Brien , Diane Beneventi , Sai Keerthi Annam , Anita Joy-Thomas , Robert J. Volk
Objective
Tobacco use negatively impacts oral and general health and influences dental treatment outcomes. To advance prevention, we surveyed dental patients at an academic institution to characterize their history of tobacco use and eligibility for lung cancer screening (LCS).
Methods
Anonymous surveys were administered to adult dental patients at the UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry between April 2022 and October 2022. Surveys collected information on smoking history, pack-year history, health literacy, personal and family history of lung cancer, and previous LCS. Demographic variables included age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education level.
Results
Among 432 patients (mean age: 46.4, range 18–88 years, 57.0 % female), 22.7 % were patients who currently smoked cigarettes, and 13.2 % were patients who formerly smoked. Smoking rates were highest among males (36.2 %) and patients younger than 50 (26.0 %). Among patients who currently smoked, 44.1 % met eligibility for LCS based on age and a 20+ pack-year smoking history; 43.2 % of patients who formerly smoked were eligible for LCS.
Conclusions
A substantial proportion of patients are eligible for LCS; tailored cessation counseling and electronic-referral pathways could impact screening and cessation support for millions of high-risk adults who visit a dentist each year, closing a critical gap in cancer prevention.
{"title":"Tobacco use and eligibility for lung cancer screening among dental patients at an academic institution in Houston, Texas","authors":"Ana S. Neumann , Iakovos Toumazis , Jennifer A. O'Brien , Diane Beneventi , Sai Keerthi Annam , Anita Joy-Thomas , Robert J. Volk","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Tobacco use negatively impacts oral and general health and influences dental treatment outcomes. To advance prevention, we surveyed dental patients at an academic institution to characterize their history of tobacco use and eligibility for lung cancer screening (LCS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Anonymous surveys were administered to adult dental patients at the UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry between April 2022 and October 2022. Surveys collected information on smoking history, pack-year history, health literacy, personal and family history of lung cancer, and previous LCS. Demographic variables included age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 432 patients (mean age: 46.4, range 18–88 years, 57.0 % female), 22.7 % were patients who currently smoked cigarettes, and 13.2 % were patients who formerly smoked. Smoking rates were highest among males (36.2 %) and patients younger than 50 (26.0 %). Among patients who currently smoked, 44.1 % met eligibility for LCS based on age and a 20+ pack-year smoking history; 43.2 % of patients who formerly smoked were eligible for LCS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A substantial proportion of patients are eligible for LCS; tailored cessation counseling and electronic-referral pathways could impact screening and cessation support for millions of high-risk adults who visit a dentist each year, closing a critical gap in cancer prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145489984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108439
Wanqing Dong , Jie Bai , Benrui Wu , Kaixin Zhou , Hongwei Jiang
Objective
To investigate the independent and combined associations of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and APOE genotype on dementia risk.
Methods
We analyzed 104,911 participants aged ≥50 years from the Kunshan Aging Research with E-Health cohort (2018–2024). Incident dementia was identified using electronic medical records. Cox proportional hazards models and additive interaction analyses assessed associations and interactions.
Results
Over a median follow-up of 6.19 years, 8115 participants developed dementia. T2D was associated with higher risks of all-cause dementia (HR:2.06), Alzheimer's disease (HR:2.16), and vascular dementia (HR:1.62). APOE ε4 carriers had higher Alzheimer's risk (HR:1.35), while ε2 carriers had lower risk (HR:0.87). The combination of T2D and ε4 was associated with the highest Alzheimer's risk (HR:2.87) with a significant positive additive interaction. In men, T2D interacted with ε2 on a multiplicative scale, whereas in women, a positive additive interaction was observed between T2D and ε2 for Alzheimer's disease.
Conclusions
T2D was associated with higher dementia risk. APOE ε4 was associated with higher and ε2 with lower Alzheimer's risk. A positive additive T2D–ε4 interaction and sex-specific ε2 associations underscore integrating diabetes management with genetic profiling to optimize dementia risk reduction strategies.
{"title":"Incidence and synergistic Association of Type 2 diabetes and apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 with dementia risk in the Kunshan aging research with E-health cohort study","authors":"Wanqing Dong , Jie Bai , Benrui Wu , Kaixin Zhou , Hongwei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the independent and combined associations of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and APOE genotype on dementia risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 104,911 participants aged ≥50 years from the Kunshan Aging Research with <em>E</em>-Health cohort (2018–2024). Incident dementia was identified using electronic medical records. Cox proportional hazards models and additive interaction analyses assessed associations and interactions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over a median follow-up of 6.19 years, 8115 participants developed dementia. T2D was associated with higher risks of all-cause dementia (HR:2.06), Alzheimer's disease (HR:2.16), and vascular dementia (HR:1.62). APOE ε4 carriers had higher Alzheimer's risk (HR:1.35), while ε2 carriers had lower risk (HR:0.87). The combination of T2D and ε4 was associated with the highest Alzheimer's risk (HR:2.87) with a significant positive additive interaction. In men, T2D interacted with ε2 on a multiplicative scale, whereas in women, a positive additive interaction was observed between T2D and ε2 for Alzheimer's disease.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>T2D was associated with higher dementia risk. APOE ε4 was associated with higher and ε2 with lower Alzheimer's risk. A positive additive T2D–ε4 interaction and sex-specific ε2 associations underscore integrating diabetes management with genetic profiling to optimize dementia risk reduction strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145471802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108434
Eslam Abousamra , Luisa N. Borrell
Objective
To identify sociodemographic and health-related correlates of antibiotic use in U.S. adults and determine whether racial/ethnic and regional disparities persisted throughout and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
Using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2017–2022) for 118,110 U.S. adults aged 18 years or older, Poisson regression was used to quantify the associations of interest via prevalence ratios (PR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Effect modifications of race/ethnicity and region with pandemic periods were evaluated.
Results
The prevalence of antibiotic use was 14.3 %. In adjusted analyses, adults aged 65 or older (PR = 1.27, 95 %CI:1.20, 1.35), women (PR = 1.45, 95 %CI:1.40, 1.51), and privately insured individuals (PR = 1.67, 95 %CI:1.50,1.87) had higher antibiotic use than their counteraprts who were aged 18-34 years, men, and uninsured. Higher education was associated with a higher probability of antibiotic use. Hispanic (PR = 0.65, 95 %CI:0.60, 0.71), Black (PR = 0.61, 95 %CI: 0.57, 0.65), and Asian adults (PR = 0.54, 95 %CI:0.47, 0.62) use less antibiotics than White adults. Antibiotic used was greater in the South (PR = 1.18, 95 %CI:1.09, 1.28) and Midwest (PR = 1.12, 95 %CI:1.03, 1.22) than the Northeast. Chronic bronchitis showed the strongest association (PR = 1.34, 95 %CI:1.23, 1.46). No interactions of race/ethnicity and region with pandemic period were observed (p-values>0.12).
Conclusions
Given the observed antibiotic use disparities, stewardship efforts require strategies targeting specific groups to address inequities.
{"title":"Correlates of antibiotic use in U.S. adults: An analysis of medical expenditure panel survey data, 2017–2022","authors":"Eslam Abousamra , Luisa N. Borrell","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify sociodemographic and health-related correlates of antibiotic use in U.S. adults and determine whether racial/ethnic and regional disparities persisted throughout and after the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2017–2022) for 118,110 U.S. adults aged 18 years or older, Poisson regression was used to quantify the associations of interest via prevalence ratios (PR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Effect modifications of race/ethnicity and region with pandemic periods were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of antibiotic use was 14.3 %. In adjusted analyses, adults aged 65 or older (PR = 1.27, 95 %CI:1.20, 1.35), women (PR = 1.45, 95 %CI:1.40, 1.51), and privately insured individuals (PR = 1.67, 95 %CI:1.50,1.87) had higher antibiotic use than their counteraprts who were aged 18-34 years, men, and uninsured. Higher education was associated with a higher probability of antibiotic use. Hispanic (PR = 0.65, 95 %CI:0.60, 0.71), Black (PR = 0.61, 95 %CI: 0.57, 0.65), and Asian adults (PR = 0.54, 95 %CI:0.47, 0.62) use less antibiotics than White adults. Antibiotic used was greater in the South (PR = 1.18, 95 %CI:1.09, 1.28) and Midwest (PR = 1.12, 95 %CI:1.03, 1.22) than the Northeast. Chronic bronchitis showed the strongest association (PR = 1.34, 95 %CI:1.23, 1.46). No interactions of race/ethnicity and region with pandemic period were observed (<em>p</em>-values>0.12).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Given the observed antibiotic use disparities, stewardship efforts require strategies targeting specific groups to address inequities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108436
Andrew W. Arthur , Alissa Moore , Luis Carmona Rosado , Pareesa Kassam , Margaret Logel , Christina I. Nieves , Parker Tope , David Litaker, Luisa N. Borrell
{"title":"Generative artificial intelligence in scientific publishing: Expectations for authors and reviewers at Preventive Medicine and Preventive Medicine Reports","authors":"Andrew W. Arthur , Alissa Moore , Luis Carmona Rosado , Pareesa Kassam , Margaret Logel , Christina I. Nieves , Parker Tope , David Litaker, Luisa N. Borrell","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108436","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 108436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145588151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108437
Mason Earl, Ruchi Bhandari
Objective
Cannabis use has increased among younger adults in the United States alongside rising rates of heart disease. This study examines the association between cannabis use frequency and heart disease among adults aged 18–49.
Methods
A cross-sectional analysis of 88,166 United States adults aged 18–49 was conducted using 2021–2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data. Cannabis use frequency was measured as days of cannabis use in the past year. A weighted logistic regression model estimated the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for heart disease, controlling for demographics, smoking, and heavy drinking. Additionally, A dose-response analysis was performed to further assess the relationship.
Results
Cannabis users had significantly higher odds of heart disease compared to non-users. Each 90-day increase in cannabis use was associated with 9 % higher odds of heart disease (aOR: 1.09; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.03, 1.15). Daily users had 40 % higher odds of heart disease compared to non-users (aOR = 1.40; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.11, 1.76). A clear dose-response relationship was observed.
Conclusions
Cannabis use frequency is significantly associated with higher odds of heart disease among US adults under 50. Findings demonstrate a positive linear relationship and indicate cannabis use as a potential modifiable risk factor for early-onset heart disease.
{"title":"Assessing the association between cannabis use frequency and heart disease in adults aged under 50: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021–2023","authors":"Mason Earl, Ruchi Bhandari","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Cannabis use has increased among younger adults in the United States alongside rising rates of heart disease. This study examines the association between cannabis use frequency and heart disease among adults aged 18–49.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional analysis of 88,166 United States adults aged 18–49 was conducted using 2021–2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data. Cannabis use frequency was measured as days of cannabis use in the past year. A weighted logistic regression model estimated the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for heart disease, controlling for demographics, smoking, and heavy drinking. Additionally, A dose-response analysis was performed to further assess the relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cannabis users had significantly higher odds of heart disease compared to non-users. Each 90-day increase in cannabis use was associated with 9 % higher odds of heart disease (aOR: 1.09; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.03, 1.15). Daily users had 40 % higher odds of heart disease compared to non-users (aOR = 1.40; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.11, 1.76). A clear dose-response relationship was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cannabis use frequency is significantly associated with higher odds of heart disease among US adults under 50. Findings demonstrate a positive linear relationship and indicate cannabis use as a potential modifiable risk factor for early-onset heart disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108435
Kristina Sabou , Anna-Maria Frescura , Gilla K. Shapiro , Marwa Ebrahim , Julie A. Laroche
Objective
The purpose of this study is to identify factors associated with HPV non-vaccination among 14-year-olds in Canada.
Methods
This study employed data from the 2021 Childhood National Immunization Coverage Survey. Data were collected between January and June 2022 across Canada's 10 provinces and three territories. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted, to identify factors linked to HPV non-vaccination among 14-year-olds.
Results
HPV non-vaccination was found to be independently and significantly associated with the child being born outside of Canada (aOR = 2.61, 95 % CI: 1.20,5.70) and having a history of parental refusal, reluctance, or delay of at least one routine childhood vaccine other than HPV vaccine for their child (aOR = 3.26, 95 % CI: 1.87,5.66). Socioeconomic status-related factors such as household income, parent/guardian education, and the child's visible minority status were not found to be associated with HPV non-vaccination.
Conclusions
Future research is needed to better understand the barriers to HPV vaccination among non-Canadian-born adolescents and to gain insight into the complex intersecting factors at the individual, interpersonal, organizational, and societal levels that contribute to HPV non-vaccination in this population.
{"title":"Factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) non-vaccination among 14-year-old children in Canada","authors":"Kristina Sabou , Anna-Maria Frescura , Gilla K. Shapiro , Marwa Ebrahim , Julie A. Laroche","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study is to identify factors associated with HPV non-vaccination among 14-year-olds in Canada.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study employed data from the 2021 Childhood National Immunization Coverage Survey. Data were collected between January and June 2022 across Canada's 10 provinces and three territories. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted, to identify factors linked to HPV non-vaccination among 14-year-olds.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HPV non-vaccination was found to be independently and significantly associated with the child being born outside of Canada (aOR = 2.61, 95 % CI: 1.20,5.70) and having a history of parental refusal, reluctance, or delay of at least one routine childhood vaccine other than HPV vaccine for their child (aOR = 3.26, 95 % CI: 1.87,5.66). Socioeconomic status-related factors such as household income, parent/guardian education, and the child's visible minority status were not found to be associated with HPV non-vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Future research is needed to better understand the barriers to HPV vaccination among non-Canadian-born adolescents and to gain insight into the complex intersecting factors at the individual, interpersonal, organizational, and societal levels that contribute to HPV non-vaccination in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145425225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108433
Rita Peila , Xiaonan Xue , Michael J. La Monte , Linda G. Snetselaar , Bernhard Haring , Aladdin H. Shadyab , JoAnn E. Manson , Thomas E. Rohan
Objective
A healthy lifestyle—characterized by physical activity, non-smoking, healthy diet, no alcohol, adequate sleep, and normal body mass index—has been linked to reduced chronic and acute disease risk. However, its impact on hospitalizations and mortality in postmenopausal women remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between a composite Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) and risk of all-cause hospitalization and mortality.
Methods
We analyzed 111,000 postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years at enrollment in the Women's Health Initiative (1993–1998, United States), followed for up to 30 years. HLI scores (range 0–24; higher = healthier) were derived from baseline lifestyle and anthropometric measures. Outcomes included first hospitalization, recurrent hospitalizations, and mortality. Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs), excluding events within two years.
Results
A total of 75,703 women were hospitalized and 35,530 died. During the first 10 years, each HLI-unit increase was associated with lower risk of first hospitalization (HR 0.95, 95 %CI 0.94, 0.95) and mortality (HR 0.93, 95 %CI 0.92, 0.93). Associations remained consistent beyond 10 years.
Conclusions
Healthier lifestyle patterns were associated with reduced hospitalization and mortality risk in postmenopausal women, which supports public health efforts to promote healthy behaviors in aging populations.
健康的生活方式——以体育锻炼、不吸烟、健康饮食、不饮酒、充足睡眠和正常体重指数为特征——与降低慢性和急性疾病风险有关。然而，它对绝经后妇女住院和死亡率的影响尚不清楚。本研究评估了综合健康生活方式指数（HLI）与全因住院和死亡风险之间的关系。方法：我们分析了111,000名50-79岁的绝经后妇女（1993-1998年，美国），随访长达30年。HLI评分（范围0-24；越高=越健康）来自基线生活方式和人体测量测量。结果包括首次住院、复发住院和死亡率。Cox回归估计风险比（hr）和95%置信区间（ci），排除两年内的事件。结果共有75,703名妇女住院，35,530人死亡。在前10年，每增加一个hli单位与首次住院风险降低（HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.94, 0.95）和死亡率降低（HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.92, 0.93）相关。协会在10年后保持一致。结论健康的生活方式与绝经后妇女住院和死亡风险降低相关，支持公共卫生在老年人群中促进健康行为的努力。
{"title":"The association of a healthy lifestyle index with risk of all-cause hospitalization and mortality in US postmenopausal women","authors":"Rita Peila , Xiaonan Xue , Michael J. La Monte , Linda G. Snetselaar , Bernhard Haring , Aladdin H. Shadyab , JoAnn E. Manson , Thomas E. Rohan","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>A healthy lifestyle—characterized by physical activity, non-smoking, healthy diet, no alcohol, adequate sleep, and normal body mass index—has been linked to reduced chronic and acute disease risk. However, its impact on hospitalizations and mortality in postmenopausal women remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between a composite Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) and risk of all-cause hospitalization and mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 111,000 postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years at enrollment in the Women's Health Initiative (1993–1998, United States), followed for up to 30 years. HLI scores (range 0–24; higher = healthier) were derived from baseline lifestyle and anthropometric measures. Outcomes included first hospitalization, recurrent hospitalizations, and mortality. Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs), excluding events within two years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 75,703 women were hospitalized and 35,530 died. During the first 10 years, each HLI-unit increase was associated with lower risk of first hospitalization (HR 0.95, 95 %CI 0.94, 0.95) and mortality (HR 0.93, 95 %CI 0.92, 0.93). Associations remained consistent beyond 10 years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Healthier lifestyle patterns were associated with reduced hospitalization and mortality risk in postmenopausal women, which supports public health efforts to promote healthy behaviors in aging populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145425318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108432
Stephen T. Higgins
This Special Issue (SI) of Preventive Medicine is the 12th in an annual series on behavior change, health, and health disparities. The theme of this 2025 issue is Intersections of Tobacco Use with Other Addictions, Chronic Disease, and Health Disparities. Considerable attention is given to cigarette smoking as it remains the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S., causing approximately 450,000 deaths annually in the U.S. and more than 7 million globally. This SI includes thirteen peer-reviewed articles that were invited from speakers at the 2024 annual conference of the Vermont Center on Behavior and Health. These articles report results from epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and commentaries. Collectively, the articles advance knowledge across a wide range of topics regarding the disproportionate impact of smoking and other tobacco use in vulnerable populations, intersections with other addictions, chronic disease, and health disparities along with clinical and regulatory interventions to reduce use and associated adverse health effects.
{"title":"Behavior change, health, and health disparities 2025: Intersections of tobacco use with other addictions, chronic disease, and health disparities","authors":"Stephen T. Higgins","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This Special Issue (SI) of Preventive Medicine is the 12th in an annual series on behavior change, health, and health disparities. The theme of this 2025 issue is <em>Intersections of Tobacco Use with Other Addictions, Chronic Disease, and Health Disparities.</em> Considerable attention is given to cigarette smoking as it remains the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S., causing approximately 450,000 deaths annually in the U.S. and more than 7 million globally. This SI includes thirteen peer-reviewed articles that were invited from speakers at the 2024 annual conference of the Vermont Center on Behavior and Health. These articles report results from epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and commentaries. Collectively, the articles advance knowledge across a wide range of topics regarding the disproportionate impact of smoking and other tobacco use in vulnerable populations, intersections with other addictions, chronic disease, and health disparities along with clinical and regulatory interventions to reduce use and associated adverse health effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 108432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145546761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108428
Louis-Ferdinand Lespine , Diane François , Julie Haesebaert , Jean-Michel Delile , Myriam Savy , Mickael Naassila , Julia de Ternay , Benjamin Rolland
Objective
Temporary alcohol abstinence campaigns (TAAC), such as Dry January, aim to encourage behavioural change in the general population. Despite its popularity, a comprehensive evaluation of the French version has not yet been conducted. This prospective study aimed to identify characteristics associated with successful completion of the challenge (i.e., remaining alcohol-free throughout January), and to assess improvements in drinking refusal self-efficacy, sleep quality, and mental and physical health.
Methods
A sample of 2123 French adults participating in Dry January 2024 completed both a baseline and a one-month follow-up questionnaire online. A broad range of variables were assessed, including demographic and contextual factors, alcohol use patterns and motives, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and health-related outcomes.
Results
Key factors positively associated with successful completion included previous participation, registration, and higher baseline self-efficacy in resisting alcohol in social situations. Among registrants, greater engagement with support emails significantly increased the likelihood of abstinence. In contrast, smoking and identifying one's drinking as excessive were linked to lower odds of completion. The campaign was associated with improvements in drinking refusal self-efficacy, mental well-being, sleep quality, and physical health — particularly among participants who completed the full month without alcohol.
Conclusions
This study offers the first evaluation of the French version of Dry January, highlighting the factors influencing challenge completion and short-term benefits of participation. The findings add support to the value of TAAC as scalable and impactful public health tools and underscore the importance of tailored support strategies to maximize participant success and behavioural change.
{"title":"Determinants of successful completion and short-term benefits associated with temporary alcohol abstinence during Dry January in France: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Louis-Ferdinand Lespine , Diane François , Julie Haesebaert , Jean-Michel Delile , Myriam Savy , Mickael Naassila , Julia de Ternay , Benjamin Rolland","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Temporary alcohol abstinence campaigns (TAAC), such as Dry January, aim to encourage behavioural change in the general population. Despite its popularity, a comprehensive evaluation of the French version has not yet been conducted. This prospective study aimed to identify characteristics associated with successful completion of the challenge (i.e., remaining alcohol-free throughout January), and to assess improvements in drinking refusal self-efficacy, sleep quality, and mental and physical health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A sample of 2123 French adults participating in Dry January 2024 completed both a baseline and a one-month follow-up questionnaire online. A broad range of variables were assessed, including demographic and contextual factors, alcohol use patterns and motives, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and health-related outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Key factors positively associated with successful completion included previous participation, registration, and higher baseline self-efficacy in resisting alcohol in social situations. Among registrants, greater engagement with support emails significantly increased the likelihood of abstinence. In contrast, smoking and identifying one's drinking as excessive were linked to lower odds of completion. The campaign was associated with improvements in drinking refusal self-efficacy, mental well-being, sleep quality, and physical health — particularly among participants who completed the full month without alcohol.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study offers the first evaluation of the French version of Dry January, highlighting the factors influencing challenge completion and short-term benefits of participation. The findings add support to the value of TAAC as scalable and impactful public health tools and underscore the importance of tailored support strategies to maximize participant success and behavioural change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108431
Leah R. Abrams, Nora Brower
Objective
To assess how stagnation in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality declines since 2010 impacted racial disparities in life expectancy between Black and White Americans.
Methods
We analyzed U.S. vital statistics from 2000 to 2022 to compare age-standardized CVD mortality trends in Black and White middle-aged and older adults. Using life tables, we then estimated racial differences in life expectancy under observed mortality conditions and under a counterfactual scenario in which CVD mortality had continued to decline in 2010–2022 at pre-2010 rates.
Results
In 2000–2009, CVD mortality was declining more quickly among Black Americans, and the Black-White life expectancy gap narrowed by 1.39 years for women and 1.44 years for men. Progress slowed after 2010. Had pre-2010 CVD mortality trends continued, Black women would have lived 2.04 years longer in 2019, narrowing the 1.88-year Black-White life expectancy gap by 0.43 years. If improvements had continued through 2022, Black women would have lived 2.83 years longer, translating to a 0.64-year reduction in the Black-White life expectancy gap. Men exhibited a similar pattern with a smaller effect.
Conclusions
The post-2010 slowdown in CVD mortality declines disproportionately limited longevity gains for Black Americans, especially Black women.
{"title":"Stagnating declines in cardiovascular disease mortality in the United States expanded the black-white life expectancy gap","authors":"Leah R. Abrams, Nora Brower","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess how stagnation in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality declines since 2010 impacted racial disparities in life expectancy between Black and White Americans.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed U.S. vital statistics from 2000 to 2022 to compare age-standardized CVD mortality trends in Black and White middle-aged and older adults. Using life tables, we then estimated racial differences in life expectancy under observed mortality conditions and under a counterfactual scenario in which CVD mortality had continued to decline in 2010–2022 at pre-2010 rates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2000–2009, CVD mortality was declining more quickly among Black Americans, and the Black-White life expectancy gap narrowed by 1.39 years for women and 1.44 years for men. Progress slowed after 2010. Had pre-2010 CVD mortality trends continued, Black women would have lived 2.04 years longer in 2019, narrowing the 1.88-year Black-White life expectancy gap by 0.43 years. If improvements had continued through 2022, Black women would have lived 2.83 years longer, translating to a 0.64-year reduction in the Black-White life expectancy gap. Men exhibited a similar pattern with a smaller effect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The post-2010 slowdown in CVD mortality declines disproportionately limited longevity gains for Black Americans, especially Black women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号