Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108475
Lana Vanderlee , Christine M. White , David Hammond , Erin Hobin
Objective
To determine if nutritional information on an alcohol container influenced consumer perceptions of product healthiness, and whether the effect of information differed by display format.
Methods
Online randomized controlled trial among adults in Canada sampled from a commercial panel (analytical sample n = 3880) in November/December 2024. Participants were randomized to view a wine product in one of four conditions: (1) control (no label), (2) Nutrition Facts table (NFT), (3) textual nutrition information, (4) Alcohol Facts table, and were asked “How healthy would it be to drink this wine regularly?” (7-point Likert-type item, very unhealthy to very healthy). Logistic regression compared the likelihood of rating the product as “a little healthy/healthy/very healthy” between conditions.
Results
Compared to the control (16.5 %), those in the NFT condition had higher odds of rating the product as “a little healthy/healthy/very healthy” (28.3 %, AOR = 1.97, 95 %CI,1.57,2.47), as did those in the textual nutrition information condition (23.8 %, AOR = 1.60, 95 %CI,1.27,2.02). There were no differences between the control condition and the Alcohol Facts table condition (18.8 %).
Conclusions
Nutritional information on alcohol products may lead consumers to falsely believe products are ‘healthier’. Label design and features that make alcohol products distinct from non-alcoholic food and beverages may reduce unintended impacts.
{"title":"The impact of nutrition information labels on alcohol containers in Canada: an online randomized trial","authors":"Lana Vanderlee , Christine M. White , David Hammond , Erin Hobin","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine if nutritional information on an alcohol container influenced consumer perceptions of product healthiness, and whether the effect of information differed by display format.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Online randomized controlled trial among adults in Canada sampled from a commercial panel (analytical sample <em>n</em> = 3880) in November/December 2024. Participants were randomized to view a wine product in one of four conditions: (1) control (no label), (2) Nutrition Facts table (NFT), (3) textual nutrition information, (4) Alcohol Facts table, and were asked “How healthy would it be to drink this wine regularly?” (7-point Likert-type item, very unhealthy to very healthy). Logistic regression compared the likelihood of rating the product as “a little healthy/healthy/very healthy” between conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to the control (16.5 %), those in the NFT condition had higher odds of rating the product as “a little healthy/healthy/very healthy” (28.3 %, AOR = 1.97, 95 %CI,1.57,2.47), as did those in the textual nutrition information condition (23.8 %, AOR = 1.60, 95 %CI,1.27,2.02). There were no differences between the control condition and the Alcohol Facts table condition (18.8 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Nutritional information on alcohol products may lead consumers to falsely believe products are ‘healthier’. Label design and features that make alcohol products distinct from non-alcoholic food and beverages may reduce unintended impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145637960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108440
Irene Vidal , Katharina Beelen , Annelies Smets , Monika Rut , Evelin Piirsalu , Julia Diez , Manuel Franco
Objective
We describe the development of the Whole School Food Approach framework and its implementation in 12 European countries participating in the European-funded project, SchoolFood4Change.
Methods
The framework was developed in 2022 by a multidisciplinary team following an evidence-based approach. Data on implementation criteria were collected through mixed-methods in schools between 2022 and 2025 in 17 cities. Surveys with national project coordinators assessed achievement of bronze-level criteria for each framework component. Implementation scores were calculated based on the number of bronze criteria achieved. Semi-structured interviews with city representatives explored perceptions, challenges, and enablers of implementation.
Results
The framework comprised four interrelated components and three scalable levels of progress: bronze, silver, and gold. To date, 549 schools have implemented it. Online surveys from participating cities and schools (n = 109) showed diverse levels of implementation across schools, with 21 achieving bronze-level. Semi-structured interviews (n = 16) identified cross-departmental collaboration, staff capacity, and time availability as main barriers. Political and institutional support was reported as the main facilitator for promoting school food policies.
Conclusions
Findings showed a diverse implementation of the framework in participating European countries. Despite challenges, the Whole School Food Approach was perceived as a valuable tool for developing healthy and sustainable school food systems.
{"title":"The Whole School Food Approach: A European framework and implementation to promote healthy and sustainable school food systems","authors":"Irene Vidal , Katharina Beelen , Annelies Smets , Monika Rut , Evelin Piirsalu , Julia Diez , Manuel Franco","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We describe the development of the Whole School Food Approach framework and its implementation in 12 European countries participating in the European-funded project, SchoolFood4Change.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The framework was developed in 2022 by a multidisciplinary team following an evidence-based approach. Data on implementation criteria were collected through mixed-methods in schools between 2022 and 2025 in 17 cities. Surveys with national project coordinators assessed achievement of bronze-level criteria for each framework component. Implementation scores were calculated based on the number of bronze criteria achieved. Semi-structured interviews with city representatives explored perceptions, challenges, and enablers of implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The framework comprised four interrelated components and three scalable levels of progress: bronze, silver, and gold. To date, 549 schools have implemented it. Online surveys from participating cities and schools (<em>n</em> = 109) showed diverse levels of implementation across schools, with 21 achieving bronze-level. Semi-structured interviews (<em>n</em> = 16) identified cross-departmental collaboration, staff capacity, and time availability as main barriers. Political and institutional support was reported as the main facilitator for promoting school food policies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings showed a diverse implementation of the framework in participating European countries. Despite challenges, the Whole School Food Approach was perceived as a valuable tool for developing healthy and sustainable school food systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145513768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108437
Mason Earl, Ruchi Bhandari
Objective
Cannabis use has increased among younger adults in the United States alongside rising rates of heart disease. This study examines the association between cannabis use frequency and heart disease among adults aged 18–49.
Methods
A cross-sectional analysis of 88,166 United States adults aged 18–49 was conducted using 2021–2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data. Cannabis use frequency was measured as days of cannabis use in the past year. A weighted logistic regression model estimated the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for heart disease, controlling for demographics, smoking, and heavy drinking. Additionally, A dose-response analysis was performed to further assess the relationship.
Results
Cannabis users had significantly higher odds of heart disease compared to non-users. Each 90-day increase in cannabis use was associated with 9 % higher odds of heart disease (aOR: 1.09; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.03, 1.15). Daily users had 40 % higher odds of heart disease compared to non-users (aOR = 1.40; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.11, 1.76). A clear dose-response relationship was observed.
Conclusions
Cannabis use frequency is significantly associated with higher odds of heart disease among US adults under 50. Findings demonstrate a positive linear relationship and indicate cannabis use as a potential modifiable risk factor for early-onset heart disease.
{"title":"Assessing the association between cannabis use frequency and heart disease in adults aged under 50: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021–2023","authors":"Mason Earl, Ruchi Bhandari","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Cannabis use has increased among younger adults in the United States alongside rising rates of heart disease. This study examines the association between cannabis use frequency and heart disease among adults aged 18–49.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional analysis of 88,166 United States adults aged 18–49 was conducted using 2021–2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data. Cannabis use frequency was measured as days of cannabis use in the past year. A weighted logistic regression model estimated the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for heart disease, controlling for demographics, smoking, and heavy drinking. Additionally, A dose-response analysis was performed to further assess the relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cannabis users had significantly higher odds of heart disease compared to non-users. Each 90-day increase in cannabis use was associated with 9 % higher odds of heart disease (aOR: 1.09; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.03, 1.15). Daily users had 40 % higher odds of heart disease compared to non-users (aOR = 1.40; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.11, 1.76). A clear dose-response relationship was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cannabis use frequency is significantly associated with higher odds of heart disease among US adults under 50. Findings demonstrate a positive linear relationship and indicate cannabis use as a potential modifiable risk factor for early-onset heart disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108473
Zilin Xu, Shuting Li, Hui Chu, Kun Zhou
Objectives
The kindergarten outdoor environment is considered a key factor influencing children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, existing findings remain inconsistent, with varying criteria and no synthesis.
Methods
Associations came from studies employing two common measurement methods: accelerometry and direct observation. Fixed- or random-effects models were applied to calculate pooled correlation coefficients. A systematic search of six databases for studies published 2000–2024 identified 17 articles, and 9 met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. All outdoor environmental factors were standardized and categorized using validated observational systems, enabling consistent evaluation of their associations with children's MVPA and facilitating data integration across methods.
Results
Open spaces, natural elements, and “ball and object play” were moderately positively associated with children's MVPA. Fixed equipment showed weak positive association, while sedentary environments showed very weak negative association. Direct observation appeared slightly more sensitive than accelerometry in detecting these associations.
Conclusions
Open spaces, natural elements, and “ball and object play” are associated with higher levels of children's MVPA, while sedentary environments are linked to reduced activity. These findings highlight the importance of designing kindergarten outdoor environments that promote children's physical activity and healthy development. Future studies should consider the influence of measurement tool differences on results.
{"title":"The association between outdoor environmental factors in kindergartens and children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Zilin Xu, Shuting Li, Hui Chu, Kun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The kindergarten outdoor environment is considered a key factor influencing children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, existing findings remain inconsistent, with varying criteria and no synthesis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Associations came from studies employing two common measurement methods: accelerometry and direct observation. Fixed- or random-effects models were applied to calculate pooled correlation coefficients. A systematic search of six databases for studies published 2000–2024 identified 17 articles, and 9 met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. All outdoor environmental factors were standardized and categorized using validated observational systems, enabling consistent evaluation of their associations with children's MVPA and facilitating data integration across methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Open spaces, natural elements, and “ball and object play” were moderately positively associated with children's MVPA. Fixed equipment showed weak positive association, while sedentary environments showed very weak negative association. Direct observation appeared slightly more sensitive than accelerometry in detecting these associations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Open spaces, natural elements, and “ball and object play” are associated with higher levels of children's MVPA, while sedentary environments are linked to reduced activity. These findings highlight the importance of designing kindergarten outdoor environments that promote children's physical activity and healthy development. Future studies should consider the influence of measurement tool differences on results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108473"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145620085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108441
Kaisa Taavela , Tiina Koivisto , Tiina Eriksson , Dan Apter , Matti Lehtinen , Karolina Louvanto
Objective
Concerns have been raised that human papillomavirus (HPV)-vaccination programs may alter risk perceptions and increase risk-taking sexual behavior among adolescents. This study aimed to assess induced abortion rates (as a potential indicator of such behavior) between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
Methods
This longitudinal, cluster-randomized cohort study included 6200 HPV-vaccinated women born in 1992–1993 who participated in a 2007 launched HPV-vaccination trial in Finland, and 19,473 unvaccinated women born in 1990–1991 from the same communities. Registry data from a 12-year follow-up period (between 2007 and 2020, depending on the group) up to the age of 28 years was obtained from The Finnish Register on Induced Abortions.
Results
Incidence rate of induced abortions per 10,000 person-years was significantly lower among HPV-vaccinated (145.6(95 %CI 137.1,154.5)) compared to unvaccinated individuals (161.4(95 %CI 156.4,166.7)). HPV-vaccinated individuals induced abortions in earlier gestational weeks (p = 0.049). Up to four-years post sexual health education given at HPV vaccination visits, induced abortion rates were significantly lower among individuals aged 15–19 (33.7(95 %CI 29.8,38.2)) than age-aligned unvaccinated controls (42.4(95 %CI 38.9,44.1)).
Conclusions
HPV-vaccinated had lower induced abortion rates than unvaccinated individuals. When further developing HPV-vaccination programs, simultaneous sexual health education should be considered to comprehensively improve the reproductive health of adolescents.
{"title":"Induced abortion rates among women vaccinated against human papillomavirus: Registry-based follow-up of a community-randomized trial","authors":"Kaisa Taavela , Tiina Koivisto , Tiina Eriksson , Dan Apter , Matti Lehtinen , Karolina Louvanto","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Concerns have been raised that human papillomavirus (HPV)-vaccination programs may alter risk perceptions and increase risk-taking sexual behavior among adolescents. This study aimed to assess induced abortion rates (as a potential indicator of such behavior) between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This longitudinal, cluster-randomized cohort study included 6200 HPV-vaccinated women born in 1992–1993 who participated in a 2007 launched HPV-vaccination trial in Finland, and 19,473 unvaccinated women born in 1990–1991 from the same communities. Registry data from a 12-year follow-up period (between 2007 and 2020, depending on the group) up to the age of 28 years was obtained from The Finnish Register on Induced Abortions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Incidence rate of induced abortions per 10,000 person-years was significantly lower among HPV-vaccinated (145.6(95 %CI 137.1,154.5)) compared to unvaccinated individuals (161.4(95 %CI 156.4,166.7)). HPV-vaccinated individuals induced abortions in earlier gestational weeks (<em>p</em> = 0.049). Up to four-years post sexual health education given at HPV vaccination visits, induced abortion rates were significantly lower among individuals aged 15–19 (33.7(95 %CI 29.8,38.2)) than age-aligned unvaccinated controls (42.4(95 %CI 38.9,44.1)).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HPV-vaccinated had lower induced abortion rates than unvaccinated individuals. When further developing HPV-vaccination programs, simultaneous sexual health education should be considered to comprehensively improve the reproductive health of adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108429
Yifan Yu , Yan Li , Thu T. Nguyen , Dahai Yue , Nedelina Tchangalova , Caitlin E. Flouton , Hongjie Liu
Objective
While smoking cessation reduces health risks, its impact on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains complex when considering post-cessation weight gain. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the association between smoking cessation and diabetes risk stratified by weight change and cessation duration.
Methods
We searched seven databases through April 14, 2025. Observational studies examining smoking cessation, weight changes, and T2DM were included. Random-effects models pooled hazard ratios (HRs) comparing recent and long-term quitters to continuous/never smokers, stratified by weight gain.
Results
Among eleven cohort studies, quitters with weight gain showed increased diabetes risk versus continuous smokers (HR = 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.12, 2.62), with recent quitters having greater risk (HR = 2.20, 95 % CI: 1.27, 3.82) but long-term quitters showing reduced risk (HR = 0.91, 95 % CI: 0.87, 0.95). Quitters without weight gain demonstrated no increased risk (recent: HR = 0.99, 95 % CI: 0.81, 1.02) and lower risk (long-term: HR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.81, 0.87). Compared to never-smokers, recent quitters had a higher T2DM risk regardless of weight status (with gain: HR = 1.61, 95 % CI: 1.03, 2.50; without gain: HR = 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.05, 1.48), while long-term quitters showed no significant difference.
Conclusions
Smoking cessation temporarily increases T2DM risk, particularly with weight gain, but becomes protective long-term, emphasizing weight management.
{"title":"Association between smoking cessation and risk for type 2 diabetes, stratified by post-cessation weight change: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Yifan Yu , Yan Li , Thu T. Nguyen , Dahai Yue , Nedelina Tchangalova , Caitlin E. Flouton , Hongjie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>While smoking cessation reduces health risks, its impact on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains complex when considering post-cessation weight gain. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the association between smoking cessation and diabetes risk stratified by weight change and cessation duration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched seven databases through April 14, 2025. Observational studies examining smoking cessation, weight changes, and T2DM were included. Random-effects models pooled hazard ratios (HRs) comparing recent and long-term quitters to continuous/never smokers, stratified by weight gain.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among eleven cohort studies, quitters with weight gain showed increased diabetes risk versus continuous smokers (HR = 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.12, 2.62), with recent quitters having greater risk (HR = 2.20, 95 % CI: 1.27, 3.82) but long-term quitters showing reduced risk (HR = 0.91, 95 % CI: 0.87, 0.95). Quitters without weight gain demonstrated no increased risk (recent: HR = 0.99, 95 % CI: 0.81, 1.02) and lower risk (long-term: HR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.81, 0.87). Compared to never-smokers, recent quitters had a higher T2DM risk regardless of weight status (with gain: HR = 1.61, 95 % CI: 1.03, 2.50; without gain: HR = 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.05, 1.48), while long-term quitters showed no significant difference.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Smoking cessation temporarily increases T2DM risk, particularly with weight gain, but becomes protective long-term, emphasizing weight management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108438
Ana S. Neumann , Iakovos Toumazis , Jennifer A. O'Brien , Diane Beneventi , Sai Keerthi Annam , Anita Joy-Thomas , Robert J. Volk
Objective
Tobacco use negatively impacts oral and general health and influences dental treatment outcomes. To advance prevention, we surveyed dental patients at an academic institution to characterize their history of tobacco use and eligibility for lung cancer screening (LCS).
Methods
Anonymous surveys were administered to adult dental patients at the UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry between April 2022 and October 2022. Surveys collected information on smoking history, pack-year history, health literacy, personal and family history of lung cancer, and previous LCS. Demographic variables included age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education level.
Results
Among 432 patients (mean age: 46.4, range 18–88 years, 57.0 % female), 22.7 % were patients who currently smoked cigarettes, and 13.2 % were patients who formerly smoked. Smoking rates were highest among males (36.2 %) and patients younger than 50 (26.0 %). Among patients who currently smoked, 44.1 % met eligibility for LCS based on age and a 20+ pack-year smoking history; 43.2 % of patients who formerly smoked were eligible for LCS.
Conclusions
A substantial proportion of patients are eligible for LCS; tailored cessation counseling and electronic-referral pathways could impact screening and cessation support for millions of high-risk adults who visit a dentist each year, closing a critical gap in cancer prevention.
{"title":"Tobacco use and eligibility for lung cancer screening among dental patients at an academic institution in Houston, Texas","authors":"Ana S. Neumann , Iakovos Toumazis , Jennifer A. O'Brien , Diane Beneventi , Sai Keerthi Annam , Anita Joy-Thomas , Robert J. Volk","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Tobacco use negatively impacts oral and general health and influences dental treatment outcomes. To advance prevention, we surveyed dental patients at an academic institution to characterize their history of tobacco use and eligibility for lung cancer screening (LCS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Anonymous surveys were administered to adult dental patients at the UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry between April 2022 and October 2022. Surveys collected information on smoking history, pack-year history, health literacy, personal and family history of lung cancer, and previous LCS. Demographic variables included age, gender, race/ethnicity, and education level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 432 patients (mean age: 46.4, range 18–88 years, 57.0 % female), 22.7 % were patients who currently smoked cigarettes, and 13.2 % were patients who formerly smoked. Smoking rates were highest among males (36.2 %) and patients younger than 50 (26.0 %). Among patients who currently smoked, 44.1 % met eligibility for LCS based on age and a 20+ pack-year smoking history; 43.2 % of patients who formerly smoked were eligible for LCS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A substantial proportion of patients are eligible for LCS; tailored cessation counseling and electronic-referral pathways could impact screening and cessation support for millions of high-risk adults who visit a dentist each year, closing a critical gap in cancer prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145489984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108430
Siniriikka A. Männistö , Anu Joki , Laura-Unnukka Suojanen , Mikko S. Venäläinen , Kirsi H. Pietiläinen , Aila J. Ahola
Objective
Loneliness is increasingly recognized as a significant factor influencing health outcomes, including weight management. Nevertheless, its role in intentional weight loss remains underexplored. The 12-month digital Healthy Weight Coaching (HWC), in Finland, offers a real-world context to investigate this relationship. We explored whether baseline loneliness affects weight loss during HWC and whether comorbidities or perceived obesity-related disadvantages mediate this relationship.
Methods
Data were included from participants enrolled in the HWC between 2016 and 2020. Baseline assessments included loneliness, comorbidities, and perceived obesity-related disadvantages. Weight was self-reported weekly, with body mass index calculated from interpolated weights at three, six, nine, and 12 months. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the impact of baseline loneliness on weight change, and ordinary least squares regression analyses were used to analyze mediation.
Results
Participants who felt lonely, somewhat lonely, or not lonely at baseline achieved comparable weight loss. However, higher loneliness was linked to greater perceived obesity-related disadvantages, psychological distress, number of comorbidities, and lower vitality, indirectly leading to lesser weight loss.
Conclusions
Loneliness did not directly hinder weight loss but was linked to health and psychosocial challenges that may indirectly reduce success, highlighting the need for holistic support in weight management.
Trial registration: The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (Clinical Trials Identifier NCT04019249).
{"title":"Does loneliness impact intentional weight loss? The role of obesity-related disadvantages and comorbidities","authors":"Siniriikka A. Männistö , Anu Joki , Laura-Unnukka Suojanen , Mikko S. Venäläinen , Kirsi H. Pietiläinen , Aila J. Ahola","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Loneliness is increasingly recognized as a significant factor influencing health outcomes, including weight management. Nevertheless, its role in intentional weight loss remains underexplored. The 12-month digital Healthy Weight Coaching (HWC), in Finland, offers a real-world context to investigate this relationship. We explored whether baseline loneliness affects weight loss during HWC and whether comorbidities or perceived obesity-related disadvantages mediate this relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were included from participants enrolled in the HWC between 2016 and 2020. Baseline assessments included loneliness, comorbidities, and perceived obesity-related disadvantages. Weight was self-reported weekly, with body mass index calculated from interpolated weights at three, six, nine, and 12 months. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the impact of baseline loneliness on weight change, and ordinary least squares regression analyses were used to analyze mediation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants who felt lonely, somewhat lonely, or not lonely at baseline achieved comparable weight loss. However, higher loneliness was linked to greater perceived obesity-related disadvantages, psychological distress, number of comorbidities, and lower vitality, indirectly leading to lesser weight loss.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Loneliness did not directly hinder weight loss but was linked to health and psychosocial challenges that may indirectly reduce success, highlighting the need for holistic support in weight management.</div><div><em>Trial registration:</em> The trial is registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (Clinical Trials Identifier <span><span>NCT04019249</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108474
Juyeon Lee , Ye-Jee Kim , Bo Ram Yang
Objective
This study investigated the association between weekend catch-up sleep (WCS) and systemic inflammation, as indicated by serum white blood cell (WBC) counts.
Methods
A cross-sectional study of 22,143 participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018, and 2021) categorized into no-WCS (<1 h), moderate WCS (1 to <3 h), and extended WCS (≥3 h). WBC counts were divided into quartiles, and polytomous logistic regression was used to assess associations between WCS and WBC counts. Stratified analyses considered age, sex, body mass index (BMI), sleep duration, and bedtime inconsistency.
Results
Extended WCS was modestly associated with higher WBC counts, particularly in adults aged 20–39 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.08, 1.87), 40–64 years (OR = 1.54, 95 % CI: 1.19, 1.99), males (OR = 1.56, 95 %e CI: 1.21, 2.01), individuals with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (OR = 1.45, 95 % CI: 1.21, 1.76), and those with irregular bedtimes (OR = 1.78, 95 % CI: 1.34, 2.37). Moderate WCS was inversely associated with higher BMI (OR = 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.64, 0.97). Significant interactions were observed by age, sex, BMI, and bedtime inconsistency.
Conclusions
Extended WCS was associated with elevated systemic inflammation in specific subgroups. Maintaining regular and moderate sleep patterns may help mitigate low-grade inflammation.
{"title":"Association between weekend catch-up sleep and white blood cell count among Korean adults: A population-based cross-sectional study","authors":"Juyeon Lee , Ye-Jee Kim , Bo Ram Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigated the association between weekend catch-up sleep (WCS) and systemic inflammation, as indicated by serum white blood cell (WBC) counts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study of 22,143 participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018, and 2021) categorized into no-WCS (<1 h), moderate WCS (1 to <3 h), and extended WCS (≥3 h). WBC counts were divided into quartiles, and polytomous logistic regression was used to assess associations between WCS and WBC counts. Stratified analyses considered age, sex, body mass index (BMI), sleep duration, and bedtime inconsistency.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Extended WCS was modestly associated with higher WBC counts, particularly in adults aged 20–39 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.08, 1.87), 40–64 years (OR = 1.54, 95 % CI: 1.19, 1.99), males (OR = 1.56, 95 %e CI: 1.21, 2.01), individuals with BMI < 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (OR = 1.45, 95 % CI: 1.21, 1.76), and those with irregular bedtimes (OR = 1.78, 95 % CI: 1.34, 2.37). Moderate WCS was inversely associated with higher BMI (OR = 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.64, 0.97). Significant interactions were observed by age, sex, BMI, and bedtime inconsistency.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Extended WCS was associated with elevated systemic inflammation in specific subgroups. Maintaining regular and moderate sleep patterns may help mitigate low-grade inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108474"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145620083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108467
Hoyol Jhang , Whanhee Lee , Jong Tae Lee , Yoonhee Kim , Chul-Hyun Cho , Soojung Kim , Seung-Ah Choe
Objective
Little is known about whether issuing particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) alerts influences emergency department presentations for mental health or mortality. We evaluated the impact of PM2.5 alerts on mental disorder-related emergency visit and mortality.
Methods
We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover analysis comparing PM2.5 alert versus non-alert days between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2021 using multiple South Korean databases. Alert days were 1:1 matched to non-alert days on the basis of daily mean municipal-level of PM2.5. We applied conditional Poisson regression models, stratified by region, to estimate relative risks of mental disorder, related emergency department visits and mortality for PM2.5 alert.
Results
A 20 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with elevated risks of mental disorder-related emergency department visits and mortality. On PM2.5 alert days, the risk of mental disorder-related emergency visits was lower compared with matched non-alert days (RR = 0.94, 95 % confidence intervals [CI]: 0.92, 0.97). This association was observed for both organic and non-organic mental disorders. All-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality showed small, non-significant increases on alert days.
Conclusions
Issuance of PM2.5 alerts in South Korea was associated with a modest reduction in emergency visits for mental disorders but did not correspond with lower mortality.
{"title":"Mental health emergencies and mortality following public fine particulate matter alerts: A Nationwide case-crossover study in South Korea","authors":"Hoyol Jhang , Whanhee Lee , Jong Tae Lee , Yoonhee Kim , Chul-Hyun Cho , Soojung Kim , Seung-Ah Choe","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Little is known about whether issuing particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) alerts influences emergency department presentations for mental health or mortality. We evaluated the impact of PM<sub>2.5</sub> alerts on mental disorder-related emergency visit and mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover analysis comparing PM<sub>2.5</sub> alert versus non-alert days between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2021 using multiple South Korean databases. Alert days were 1:1 matched to non-alert days on the basis of daily mean municipal-level of PM<sub>2.5</sub>. We applied conditional Poisson regression models, stratified by region, to estimate relative risks of mental disorder, related emergency department visits and mortality for PM<sub>2.5</sub> alert.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A 20 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub> was associated with elevated risks of mental disorder-related emergency department visits and mortality. On PM<sub>2.5</sub> alert days, the risk of mental disorder-related emergency visits was lower compared with matched non-alert days (RR = 0.94, 95 % confidence intervals [CI]: 0.92, 0.97). This association was observed for both organic and non-organic mental disorders. All-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality showed small, non-significant increases on alert days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Issuance of PM<sub>2.5</sub> alerts in South Korea was associated with a modest reduction in emergency visits for mental disorders but did not correspond with lower mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 108467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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