Yunusov Khaydar Ergashovich, Atakhanov Abdumutolib Abdupatto O'g'li, Ashurov Nurbek Shodievich, Mirkholisov Mirafzal Muzaffar Ugli, Rashidova Sayyora Sharafovna, Guohua Jiang, Yi Wan, Miao Yu
Stable silver nanoparticles were synthesized in solutions containing sodium‐carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol, and their structure, morphology, and physicochemical properties were studied. The morphology and diameter sizes of the nanofibers of carboxymethylcellulose/polyvinyl alcohol containing silver nanoparticles were investigated using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The investigations showed that nanofibers with diameter sizes ranging from 50 to 130 nm were obtained from the carboxymethylcellulose/polyvinyl alcohol/silver nanoparticles solution. The size and form of silver nanoparticles formed within the solution of carboxymethylcellulose/polyvinyl alcohol based on nanofiber were determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) investigations, revealing nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 5 to 26 nm. The nanofiber mat containing silver nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans. The nanofiber mat containing stable silver nanoparticles could be utilized as an antimicrobial facemask for air filtration and for the treatment of burn wounds.
{"title":"Formation, structure, and morphology of nanofiber mat on the base sodium‐carboxymethylcellulose/polyvinyl‐alcohol/silver nanoparticles composite","authors":"Yunusov Khaydar Ergashovich, Atakhanov Abdumutolib Abdupatto O'g'li, Ashurov Nurbek Shodievich, Mirkholisov Mirafzal Muzaffar Ugli, Rashidova Sayyora Sharafovna, Guohua Jiang, Yi Wan, Miao Yu","doi":"10.1002/pat.6496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6496","url":null,"abstract":"Stable silver nanoparticles were synthesized in solutions containing sodium‐carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol, and their structure, morphology, and physicochemical properties were studied. The morphology and diameter sizes of the nanofibers of carboxymethylcellulose/polyvinyl alcohol containing silver nanoparticles were investigated using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The investigations showed that nanofibers with diameter sizes ranging from 50 to 130 nm were obtained from the carboxymethylcellulose/polyvinyl alcohol/silver nanoparticles solution. The size and form of silver nanoparticles formed within the solution of carboxymethylcellulose/polyvinyl alcohol based on nanofiber were determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) investigations, revealing nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 5 to 26 nm. The nanofiber mat containing silver nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against both <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Candida albicans</jats:italic>. The nanofiber mat containing stable silver nanoparticles could be utilized as an antimicrobial facemask for air filtration and for the treatment of burn wounds.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elia Marin, Daniel Muhammad Bin Idrus, Francesco Boschetto, Taigi Honma, Tetsuya Adachi, Alex Lanzutti, Alfredo Rondinella, Wenliang Zhu, Tatsuro Morita, Narisato Kanamura, Toshiro Yamamoto, Giuseppe Pezzotti
By making use of the outstanding osteoinductive effects of β‐carotene, in this innovative research, we investigate the potential for application of β‐carotene‐reinforced PMMA resins. Different amounts of β‐carotene, from 0% to 5%, have been mixed with standard bone cements and characterized by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques before testing with KUSA‐A1 murine mesenchymal cells. In vitro results showed that not only the amount of bone produced by the cells on the composite is comparable if not superior to modern bioglasses but also both adhesion and cellular proliferation are strongly promoted by the presence of β‐carotene. The increased biological properties came at the price of a small loss in elastic modulus, but it was observed that the presence of β‐carotene leads to an increase of ultimate strength, reaching an increase of about 30% at a concentration of about 2.5%. The enhanced bioactivity and mechanical strength make β‐carotene‐reinforced PMMA a promising, innovative material for biomedical applications.
{"title":"β‐Carotene‐reinforced Poly(methyl methacrylate): A step forward in bioactive bone cements","authors":"Elia Marin, Daniel Muhammad Bin Idrus, Francesco Boschetto, Taigi Honma, Tetsuya Adachi, Alex Lanzutti, Alfredo Rondinella, Wenliang Zhu, Tatsuro Morita, Narisato Kanamura, Toshiro Yamamoto, Giuseppe Pezzotti","doi":"10.1002/pat.6500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6500","url":null,"abstract":"By making use of the outstanding osteoinductive effects of β‐carotene, in this innovative research, we investigate the potential for application of β‐carotene‐reinforced PMMA resins. Different amounts of β‐carotene, from 0% to 5%, have been mixed with standard bone cements and characterized by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques before testing with KUSA‐A1 murine mesenchymal cells. In vitro results showed that not only the amount of bone produced by the cells on the composite is comparable if not superior to modern bioglasses but also both adhesion and cellular proliferation are strongly promoted by the presence of β‐carotene. The increased biological properties came at the price of a small loss in elastic modulus, but it was observed that the presence of β‐carotene leads to an increase of ultimate strength, reaching an increase of about 30% at a concentration of about 2.5%. The enhanced bioactivity and mechanical strength make β‐carotene‐reinforced PMMA a promising, innovative material for biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meng Zhao, Haiming Chen, Lin Zhang, Juyuan Dong, Linfeng Han, Haitong Wang, Weimin Yang, Guangyi Lin
CF‐PDA‐M hybrid fillers are prepared by three metal cations (M) assisting polydopamine (PDA) through Fe3+, Ni2+, and Al3+. The metal cations promote the polymerization of PDA on the fiber surface, shorten the modification time of the fibers, and ensure that the short‐cut carbon fibers (CF) do not agglomerate during water bath stirring while keeping the structure of the CF undamaged, which is a green and efficient method. After PDA modification, the roughness and surface activity of the fiber surface increase. Finally, CF‐PDA‐M is used as a filler and added to neoprene latex and natural latex, which are prepared into composites by wet blending, and the CF are characterized by different techniques. The results show that the hydroxyl and amino groups on the surface of CF‐PDA‐M increase the cross‐linking density of the composites, establish a good stress cross‐linking network, shorten the vulcanization time, effectively prevent the agglomeration phenomenon of the CF in the rubber, and improve the dispersion of the CF in the composite. After modification, the tensile strength and 300% constant tensile strength of CF‐PDA‐M increase by more than 10% and 30%, respectively, over CF composites, and the rolling resistance is reduced. This study provides a new and effective strategy for CF surface functionalization, which improves the processing efficiency and mechanical properties of rubber products and has a broad application prospect in the rubber industry.
{"title":"Improving interface performance between the fibers and rubber using metal cations synergistic polydopamine to modify carbon fibers","authors":"Meng Zhao, Haiming Chen, Lin Zhang, Juyuan Dong, Linfeng Han, Haitong Wang, Weimin Yang, Guangyi Lin","doi":"10.1002/pat.6503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6503","url":null,"abstract":"CF‐PDA‐M hybrid fillers are prepared by three metal cations (M) assisting polydopamine (PDA) through Fe<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>, Ni<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>, and Al<jats:sup>3+</jats:sup>. The metal cations promote the polymerization of PDA on the fiber surface, shorten the modification time of the fibers, and ensure that the short‐cut carbon fibers (CF) do not agglomerate during water bath stirring while keeping the structure of the CF undamaged, which is a green and efficient method. After PDA modification, the roughness and surface activity of the fiber surface increase. Finally, CF‐PDA‐M is used as a filler and added to neoprene latex and natural latex, which are prepared into composites by wet blending, and the CF are characterized by different techniques. The results show that the hydroxyl and amino groups on the surface of CF‐PDA‐M increase the cross‐linking density of the composites, establish a good stress cross‐linking network, shorten the vulcanization time, effectively prevent the agglomeration phenomenon of the CF in the rubber, and improve the dispersion of the CF in the composite. After modification, the tensile strength and 300% constant tensile strength of CF‐PDA‐M increase by more than 10% and 30%, respectively, over CF composites, and the rolling resistance is reduced. This study provides a new and effective strategy for CF surface functionalization, which improves the processing efficiency and mechanical properties of rubber products and has a broad application prospect in the rubber industry.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141588256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suman Kumar Ghosh, Sangit Paul, Trisita Ghosh, Narayan Ch. Das
In this work, electrically conductive thermoplastic elastomeric blend composite films based on polystyrene (PS)/ethylene‐co‐methyl acrylate (EMA) filled with functionalized graphene were developed via the solution mixing technique. Morphological analysis revealed that selective localization of amine‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide (G‐ODA) sheets in the EMA phase of co‐continuous binary blend formed a well‐connected dense conductive pathway by graphene sheets ultimately facilitating the double percolation phenomenon. The electrical percolation threshold was achieved at ~2 wt% of G‐ODA loading which was much lower than that for both single polymer composites. An electrical conductivity of 0.9 S/cm was obtained for blend composite film with 10 wt% of graphene concentration whereas for the same filler loading, PS and EMA composites exhibited electrical conductivity of 1.9 × 10−1 and 2.3 × 10−1 S/cm, respectively. The obtained thermal conductivity of the blend composite with 10 wt% of G‐ODA loading was 0.95 W/m K with 400% enhancement compared to the neat blend system. The same composite exhibited increased real and imaginary permittivity of 92 and 83, respectively. The electrical percolation threshold is well‐correlated with the percolation concentration found from storage modulus and thermal conductivity data. The fabricated PS/EMA blend composite film exhibited absorption‐dominant electromagnetic interference SE of −25 and − 35 dB in X‐band frequency (8.2–12.4 GHz) for 10 wt% of graphene loading with a sample thickness of 0.5 and 1 mm, respectively.
本研究采用溶液混合技术，在聚苯乙烯（PS）/乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物（EMA）的基础上开发了填充功能化石墨烯的导电热塑性弹性体共混复合膜。形态学分析表明，在共连续二元共混物的 EMA 相中，胺功能化还原氧化石墨烯（G-ODA）片的选择性定位形成了石墨烯片连接良好的致密导电通路，最终促进了双渗流现象。在 G-ODA 含量约为 2 wt% 时就达到了电渗阈值，这比两种单一聚合物复合材料的电渗阈值都要低得多。石墨烯浓度为 10 wt% 的共混复合薄膜的电导率为 0.9 S/cm，而在相同的填料添加量下，PS 和 EMA 复合材料的电导率分别为 1.9 × 10-1 和 2.3 × 10-1 S/cm。添加 10 wt% G-ODA 的混合复合材料的热导率为 0.95 W/m K，与纯混合体系相比提高了 400%。同一种复合材料的实透射率和虚透射率分别提高了 92% 和 83%。电渗流阈值与从储能模量和热导率数据中发现的渗流浓度密切相关。在石墨烯含量为 10 wt%、样品厚度为 0.5 mm 和 1 mm 的 X 波段频率（8.2-12.4 GHz）下，制备的 PS/EMA 混合物复合膜表现出吸收主导型电磁干扰 SE，分别为 -25 dB 和 -35 dB。
{"title":"Design of interconnected graphene loaded thermoplastic elastomeric blend composite films for minimizing electromagnetic radiation and efficient heat management","authors":"Suman Kumar Ghosh, Sangit Paul, Trisita Ghosh, Narayan Ch. Das","doi":"10.1002/pat.6510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6510","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, electrically conductive thermoplastic elastomeric blend composite films based on polystyrene (PS)/ethylene‐co‐methyl acrylate (EMA) filled with functionalized graphene were developed via the solution mixing technique. Morphological analysis revealed that selective localization of amine‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide (G‐ODA) sheets in the EMA phase of co‐continuous binary blend formed a well‐connected dense conductive pathway by graphene sheets ultimately facilitating the double percolation phenomenon. The electrical percolation threshold was achieved at ~2 wt% of G‐ODA loading which was much lower than that for both single polymer composites. An electrical conductivity of 0.9 S/cm was obtained for blend composite film with 10 wt% of graphene concentration whereas for the same filler loading, PS and EMA composites exhibited electrical conductivity of 1.9 × 10<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 2.3 × 10<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> S/cm, respectively. The obtained thermal conductivity of the blend composite with 10 wt% of G‐ODA loading was 0.95 W/m K with 400% enhancement compared to the neat blend system. The same composite exhibited increased real and imaginary permittivity of 92 and 83, respectively. The electrical percolation threshold is well‐correlated with the percolation concentration found from storage modulus and thermal conductivity data. The fabricated PS/EMA blend composite film exhibited absorption‐dominant electromagnetic interference SE of −25 and − 35 dB in X‐band frequency (8.2–12.4 GHz) for 10 wt% of graphene loading with a sample thickness of 0.5 and 1 mm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liwen Xiao, Kan Cheng, Tao Liu, Yumin Xia, Xueli Wang, Yong He
Poly(ester amide)s (PEAs) have received extensive attention due to their unique chemical structure and excellent properties. In this paper, a novel PEA (P6T6T) was prepared through melt polycondensation of terephthalic acid (PTA) and 6T6‐diamide‐diol (6T6), which was from the amidation of 6‐amino‐1‐hexanol and PTA. The structures were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, fourier transform infrared, and wide‐angle X‐Ray diffraction, and the thermal properties were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis for P6T6T. It was found that the melting point of P6T6T was 217°C, which was about 37°C lower than that of PET (254°C), while the initial decomposition temperature was maintained at about 381°C. P6T6T had a fast crystallization rate (the half time of crystallization (t1/2) range from 35 to 60 s) and great crystallization properties. The saturated water absorption of the P6T6T was measured to be 2.53 wt%, which was three times that of PET (0.83 wt%). Furthermore, the water contact angle of P6T6T was determined to be 57.3°C, much lower than that of PET (94.7°C). All these results suggest that the incorporation of amide was an efficient method to improve the water absorption of polyester fibers.
{"title":"Poly(ester amide) from 6‐amino‐1‐hexanol and terephthalic acid: preparation and properties","authors":"Liwen Xiao, Kan Cheng, Tao Liu, Yumin Xia, Xueli Wang, Yong He","doi":"10.1002/pat.6495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6495","url":null,"abstract":"Poly(ester amide)s (PEAs) have received extensive attention due to their unique chemical structure and excellent properties. In this paper, a novel PEA (P6T6T) was prepared through melt polycondensation of terephthalic acid (PTA) and 6T6‐diamide‐diol (6T6), which was from the amidation of 6‐amino‐1‐hexanol and PTA. The structures were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, fourier transform infrared, and wide‐angle X‐Ray diffraction, and the thermal properties were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis for P6T6T. It was found that the melting point of P6T6T was 217°C, which was about 37°C lower than that of PET (254°C), while the initial decomposition temperature was maintained at about 381°C. P6T6T had a fast crystallization rate (the half time of crystallization (<jats:italic>t</jats:italic><jats:sub>1/2</jats:sub>) range from 35 to 60 s) and great crystallization properties. The saturated water absorption of the P6T6T was measured to be 2.53 wt%, which was three times that of PET (0.83 wt%). Furthermore, the water contact angle of P6T6T was determined to be 57.3°C, much lower than that of PET (94.7°C). All these results suggest that the incorporation of amide was an efficient method to improve the water absorption of polyester fibers.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141572069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Elsayed Mohamed Monir Elashker, Mahmoud Yosry Zorainy, Basem Zaghloul, Ahmed Mahmoud Eldakhakhny, Mohamed Mokhtar Kotb
The thermal protection system (TPS) plays a major role in shielding solid rocket motors (SRMs) against structural failure from excessive heating. This study was directed at the recent innovation in flame‐retardant materials used for thermal insulation, with a particular focus on integrating metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to bolster thermal stability. Three targeted transition metal‐BDC MOFs (MIL‐88(Fe), MOF‐71(Co), and MOF‐5(Zn)) were hydrothermally synthesized and the effect of incorporating these MOFs into nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites was tracked. In general, the addition of the MOFs improved the interfacial compatibility and the processing of the composites. Additionally, experimental investigations have shown that all MOFs improved the mechanical properties of the NBR composite materials. Specifically, the addition of MOF‐5 has been found to increase the maximum tensile strength to 13 MPa, while MIL‐88 increased the elongation at break to 67.1%. In order to evaluate the thermal stability and ablative resistance of the prepared composites, the oxy‐acetylene flame test was utilized. Results showed that the efficiency of the composite as thermal insulation is highly dependent on the MOF type and the metal included. The impact of MOF‐71(Co) on thermal insulation displayed the least linear and mass ablation rates (0.0168 mm/s and 0.057 g/s, respectively) along with the lowest recorded back‐face temperatures, owing to the formation of a thick and compact char layer upon exposure to flames.
{"title":"Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motors: Impact of metal–organic frameworks on thermal and mechanical properties","authors":"Ahmed Elsayed Mohamed Monir Elashker, Mahmoud Yosry Zorainy, Basem Zaghloul, Ahmed Mahmoud Eldakhakhny, Mohamed Mokhtar Kotb","doi":"10.1002/pat.6491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6491","url":null,"abstract":"The thermal protection system (TPS) plays a major role in shielding solid rocket motors (SRMs) against structural failure from excessive heating. This study was directed at the recent innovation in flame‐retardant materials used for thermal insulation, with a particular focus on integrating metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to bolster thermal stability. Three targeted transition metal‐BDC MOFs (MIL‐88(Fe), MOF‐71(Co), and MOF‐5(Zn)) were hydrothermally synthesized and the effect of incorporating these MOFs into nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites was tracked. In general, the addition of the MOFs improved the interfacial compatibility and the processing of the composites. Additionally, experimental investigations have shown that all MOFs improved the mechanical properties of the NBR composite materials. Specifically, the addition of MOF‐5 has been found to increase the maximum tensile strength to 13 MPa, while MIL‐88 increased the elongation at break to 67.1%. In order to evaluate the thermal stability and ablative resistance of the prepared composites, the oxy‐acetylene flame test was utilized. Results showed that the efficiency of the composite as thermal insulation is highly dependent on the MOF type and the metal included. The impact of MOF‐71(Co) on thermal insulation displayed the least linear and mass ablation rates (0.0168 mm/s and 0.057 g/s, respectively) along with the lowest recorded back‐face temperatures, owing to the formation of a thick and compact char layer upon exposure to flames.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141572073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rotational molded foam is known as one of the most popular types of polymeric foams due to its unique properties. Hence, the production of rotational molded foam samples has been well‐addressed in the foam literature, and several researchers have tried to produce these samples using different approaches. However, there is no comprehensive research that investigates the structural properties of nanocomposite foam samples produced by a two‐step process of rotational molding and batch foaming. Therefore, the effect of nanoclay and foam processing parameters on the structural properties of the samples produced by this method was investigated in this study. For this purpose, the Box–Behnken design of response surface methodology was used. The results revealed that the foaming temperature was the most effective parameter on cell density and expansion ratio. Also, the foaming time was reported as the most effective parameter on the cell size. Then, the response variables were subjected to single‐ and multi‐objective optimizations. Finally, the addition of 1.2 wt% of nanoclay, the foaming temperature of 141°C, and the foaming time of 85 s were introduced as the most optimal conditions to simultaneously achieve maximum cell density and expansion ratio and minimum cell size in the rotational molded nanocomposite foam samples.
{"title":"Foaming‐structural relationship of rotational molded nanocomposite foams: Box–Behnken response surface methodology implementation","authors":"Mahsa Daryadel, Taher Azdast","doi":"10.1002/pat.6489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6489","url":null,"abstract":"Rotational molded foam is known as one of the most popular types of polymeric foams due to its unique properties. Hence, the production of rotational molded foam samples has been well‐addressed in the foam literature, and several researchers have tried to produce these samples using different approaches. However, there is no comprehensive research that investigates the structural properties of nanocomposite foam samples produced by a two‐step process of rotational molding and batch foaming. Therefore, the effect of nanoclay and foam processing parameters on the structural properties of the samples produced by this method was investigated in this study. For this purpose, the Box–Behnken design of response surface methodology was used. The results revealed that the foaming temperature was the most effective parameter on cell density and expansion ratio. Also, the foaming time was reported as the most effective parameter on the cell size. Then, the response variables were subjected to single‐ and multi‐objective optimizations. Finally, the addition of 1.2 wt% of nanoclay, the foaming temperature of 141°C, and the foaming time of 85 s were introduced as the most optimal conditions to simultaneously achieve maximum cell density and expansion ratio and minimum cell size in the rotational molded nanocomposite foam samples.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141572071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study focused on determining the curing kinetic parameters of amine‐epoxy resin by performing dynamic DSC tests. The Kissinger and Crane equations were used to determine the activation energy, the pre‐exponential factor, and the reaction order as kinetic parameters for curing. The Ozawa equation was also used to determine the activation energy that changes at different levels of cure during the reaction. The average activation energy obtained by the Ozawa method was compared with the Kissinger activation energy. In addition, the T‐β extrapolation method was used to determine the optimum curing temperature. The kinetic parameters obtained from the Kissinger and Crane equations were used in the nth‐order kinetic model to predict the degree of cure at a given time and temperature. The linear regression fitting method was used in Minitab software to determine the curing parameters. The results were evaluated based on the fitting parameters. This study provides a theoretical basis for the curing mechanisms of epoxy matrix fiber composites used in the manufacture of wind turbine blades.
{"title":"Parameter estimation of epoxy resin cure kinetics by dynamics DSC data","authors":"Nihal Puhurcuoğlu, Yusuf Arman","doi":"10.1002/pat.6498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6498","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on determining the curing kinetic parameters of amine‐epoxy resin by performing dynamic DSC tests. The Kissinger and Crane equations were used to determine the activation energy, the pre‐exponential factor, and the reaction order as kinetic parameters for curing. The Ozawa equation was also used to determine the activation energy that changes at different levels of cure during the reaction. The average activation energy obtained by the Ozawa method was compared with the Kissinger activation energy. In addition, the T‐β extrapolation method was used to determine the optimum curing temperature. The kinetic parameters obtained from the Kissinger and Crane equations were used in the n<jats:sup>th</jats:sup>‐order kinetic model to predict the degree of cure at a given time and temperature. The linear regression fitting method was used in Minitab software to determine the curing parameters. The results were evaluated based on the fitting parameters. This study provides a theoretical basis for the curing mechanisms of epoxy matrix fiber composites used in the manufacture of wind turbine blades.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141572077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conventional wound treatment options provide a barrier against exogenous microbial penetration but cannot simultaneously provide an antibacterial characteristic and promote healing. However, bioactive dressings can accelerate wound healing and have an antibacterial effect in addition to being able to cover and protect lesions. In this study, double‐layer thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)‐gelatin fibrous dressings that mimic the epidermis and dermis layers of the skin were fabricated via electrospinning technique. As a bioactive agent, Hypericum perforatum oil (HPO) was utilized to impart antibacterial and therapeutic properties to the dressings. Tannic acid was also used in fiber mat formulations as a cross‐linking agent. Oxygen plasma treatment was applied as a surface activation technique to improve adhesion of TPU and gelation layers. The fiber structure of the mats was revealed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to demonstrate HPO loading onto the mats. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) and fluid absorbency of the mats were compared with some commercial dressings. According to these results, it can be suggested that the mats can be used for moderate to high exudative wounds. All dressings, even the control sample showed antibacterial features against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria due to the tannic acid. In vitro wound healing assays were carried out on the plasma‐treated sample and it was observed that the sample did not negatively affect the migration and proliferation abilities of the cells which are necessary for wound healing. Overall results indicated that the plasma‐treated fibrous mat would be a good candidate as a wound dressing material having an antibacterial character.
{"title":"Plasma treated‐double layer electrospun fiber mats from thermoplastic polyurethane and gelatin for wound healing applications","authors":"Arzu Yıldırım, Eray Sarper Erdoğan, Seyma Caglayan, Rüya Keskinkaya, Yurdanur Turker, Funda Karbancıoğlu‐Güler, Dilara Nur Dikmetaş, Saime Batirel, Melek Erol Taygun, F. Seniha Guner","doi":"10.1002/pat.6487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6487","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional wound treatment options provide a barrier against exogenous microbial penetration but cannot simultaneously provide an antibacterial characteristic and promote healing. However, bioactive dressings can accelerate wound healing and have an antibacterial effect in addition to being able to cover and protect lesions. In this study, double‐layer thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)‐gelatin fibrous dressings that mimic the epidermis and dermis layers of the skin were fabricated via electrospinning technique. As a bioactive agent, <jats:italic>Hypericum perforatum oil</jats:italic> (HPO) was utilized to impart antibacterial and therapeutic properties to the dressings. Tannic acid was also used in fiber mat formulations as a cross‐linking agent. Oxygen plasma treatment was applied as a surface activation technique to improve adhesion of TPU and gelation layers. The fiber structure of the mats was revealed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to demonstrate HPO loading onto the mats. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) and fluid absorbency of the mats were compared with some commercial dressings. According to these results, it can be suggested that the mats can be used for moderate to high exudative wounds. All dressings, even the control sample showed antibacterial features against both <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> bacteria due to the tannic acid. In vitro wound healing assays were carried out on the plasma‐treated sample and it was observed that the sample did not negatively affect the migration and proliferation abilities of the cells which are necessary for wound healing. Overall results indicated that the plasma‐treated fibrous mat would be a good candidate as a wound dressing material having an antibacterial character.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141551402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashish K. Sarangi, Lizaranee Tripathy, Azaj Ansari, Ranjan K. Mohapatra, Sushil Kumar Bhoi
As metal ion inclusion has a substantial effect on conducting polymer's mechanical, optical, and electrical properties, it has attracted a lot of attention. This article delves into the complex role of metal ions in conducting polymers, explaining how they affect functionality, structural stability, and conductivity enhancement. The review starts with a synopsis of conducting polymers and doping processes before diving into the particular ways that metal ions interact with polymer matrices to alter their electronic structure and charge transport characteristics. The importance of characterization techniques in comprehending the structure–property correlations is highlighted in the discussion of metal‐ion doped conducting polymer studies. In addition, the paper looks at the uses of conducting polymers doped with metal ions in numerous sectors, including energy storage, electronics, and sensors. The difficulties in attaining accurate control over doping concentrations and guaranteeing stability over an extended period are discussed, as well as potential avenues for future development in this area. This review offers important insights into the development and optimization of functional materials for a variety of applications by thoroughly investigating the function of metal ions in conducting polymers.
{"title":"Enhancing conductivity in polymers: The role of metal ions in conducting polymer systems","authors":"Ashish K. Sarangi, Lizaranee Tripathy, Azaj Ansari, Ranjan K. Mohapatra, Sushil Kumar Bhoi","doi":"10.1002/pat.6505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6505","url":null,"abstract":"As metal ion inclusion has a substantial effect on conducting polymer's mechanical, optical, and electrical properties, it has attracted a lot of attention. This article delves into the complex role of metal ions in conducting polymers, explaining how they affect functionality, structural stability, and conductivity enhancement. The review starts with a synopsis of conducting polymers and doping processes before diving into the particular ways that metal ions interact with polymer matrices to alter their electronic structure and charge transport characteristics. The importance of characterization techniques in comprehending the structure–property correlations is highlighted in the discussion of metal‐ion doped conducting polymer studies. In addition, the paper looks at the uses of conducting polymers doped with metal ions in numerous sectors, including energy storage, electronics, and sensors. The difficulties in attaining accurate control over doping concentrations and guaranteeing stability over an extended period are discussed, as well as potential avenues for future development in this area. This review offers important insights into the development and optimization of functional materials for a variety of applications by thoroughly investigating the function of metal ions in conducting polymers.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141551395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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