Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) film was applied as a photoanode on an electron‐extracting layer‐coated upon a current‐collecting plastic substrate. The film soaked in an aqueous solution (pH 12) exhibited an enhanced anodic current with light illumination, and the photocurrent density (J) reached almost 100 μA/cm2 for its wound cylinder, which was accompanied by oxygen bubble evolution. The light ON/OFF response, light‐intensity proportion, and wavelength‐dependency of the J value supported the photo‐electrolytic function of the P3HT film. The hole‐injection efficiency of the film estimated for water oxidation using a solution involving a sacrificial reagent, was relatively high in the range of 46%–86%. Although an apparent activation energy of 39 kJ/mol for the electrolytic water oxidation in the dark suggested a chemical but catalytic pathway for the film anode, the temperature independence of the photocurrent indicated direct hole‐injection into water or hydroxide ions. The photoanode performance of the P3HT film for water oxidation was discussed in relation to the energy diagram including the highest occupied molecular orbital level.
{"title":"Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) film coated on plastic substrate as an organic photoanode for water oxidation/oxygen evolution with light illumination","authors":"Hiromi Shinohara, Hiroyuki Nishide","doi":"10.1002/pat.6524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6524","url":null,"abstract":"Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) film was applied as a photoanode on an electron‐extracting layer‐coated upon a current‐collecting plastic substrate. The film soaked in an aqueous solution (pH 12) exhibited an enhanced anodic current with light illumination, and the photocurrent density (<jats:italic>J</jats:italic>) reached almost 100 μA/cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> for its wound cylinder, which was accompanied by oxygen bubble evolution. The light ON/OFF response, light‐intensity proportion, and wavelength‐dependency of the <jats:italic>J</jats:italic> value supported the photo‐electrolytic function of the P3HT film. The hole‐injection efficiency of the film estimated for water oxidation using a solution involving a sacrificial reagent, was relatively high in the range of 46%–86%. Although an apparent activation energy of 39 kJ/mol for the electrolytic water oxidation in the dark suggested a chemical but catalytic pathway for the film anode, the temperature independence of the photocurrent indicated direct hole‐injection into water or hydroxide ions. The photoanode performance of the P3HT film for water oxidation was discussed in relation to the energy diagram including the highest occupied molecular orbital level.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141770973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polylactic acid (PLA) has gained significant attention as a commercially available biodegradable and biocompatible polymer. However, the brittleness of PLA greatly limits its application. Blending PLA with another rubbery polymer such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a simple strategy to toughen PLA. In this study, a largely toughened PLA has been successfully prepared by melt blending with TPU through interfacial compatibilization induced by the simultaneous addition of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (NPs) and in situ cross‐linking reaction. The torque evolution during melt mixing and rheological analysis confirm a successful dynamic vulcanization process. Scanning electron microscopy images indicate that, dynamic vulcanization and adding NPs synergistically compatibilize the TPU and PLA phases leading to a considerable interfacial adhesion between the phases. Simultaneous addition of NPs at an optimum amount of 5 wt% and in situ cross‐linking reaction significantly improve the elongation at break, and tensile toughness of the PLA/TPU blend as they are achieved 311%, and 91 MJ/m3, respectively. Both dynamic vulcanization and NPs play their role independently in the compatibilization of PLA and TPU phases inducing substantial shear yielding of the matrix phase under stress resulting in a highly toughened blend. The microstructural properties of the blends are studied by rheological analysis.
{"title":"Largely toughened poly(lactic acid) fabricated by melt blending with thermoplastic polyurethane through interfacial compatibilization induced by simultaneous addition of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles and in situ cross‐linking reaction","authors":"Salar Haghjoo, Jafar Khademzadeh Yeganeh, Ismail Ghasemi","doi":"10.1002/pat.6514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6514","url":null,"abstract":"Polylactic acid (PLA) has gained significant attention as a commercially available biodegradable and biocompatible polymer. However, the brittleness of PLA greatly limits its application. Blending PLA with another rubbery polymer such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a simple strategy to toughen PLA. In this study, a largely toughened PLA has been successfully prepared by melt blending with TPU through interfacial compatibilization induced by the simultaneous addition of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (NPs) and in situ cross‐linking reaction. The torque evolution during melt mixing and rheological analysis confirm a successful dynamic vulcanization process. Scanning electron microscopy images indicate that, dynamic vulcanization and adding NPs synergistically compatibilize the TPU and PLA phases leading to a considerable interfacial adhesion between the phases. Simultaneous addition of NPs at an optimum amount of 5 wt% and in situ cross‐linking reaction significantly improve the elongation at break, and tensile toughness of the PLA/TPU blend as they are achieved 311%, and 91 MJ/m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>, respectively. Both dynamic vulcanization and NPs play their role independently in the compatibilization of PLA and TPU phases inducing substantial shear yielding of the matrix phase under stress resulting in a highly toughened blend. The microstructural properties of the blends are studied by rheological analysis.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a hydrophilic, neutral polysaccharide obtained from the corm of Amorphophallus konjac (Araceae). Excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, and nontoxicity has marked the utilization of KGM in variety of drug delivery and biomedical applications. KGM has generally regarded as safe (GRAS) status approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. The gelling, and film‐forming properties possessed by native KGM has attracted a widespread attention of the researchers for exploring its drug delivery potential. Additionally, the versatility of KGM modifications further extends the drug delivery opportunities through ever‐increasing array of functional properties of KGM. Present review is aimed at presenting the state‐of‐the‐art collection of structure, functional properties, biosynthesis, in vitro and in vivo degradation, chemical modifications, and finally, the drug delivery applications of the KGM. Authors tried to cover the aspects of the KGM relevant to the formulation personnel, and academicians involved in the investigation on variety of pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and biomedical applications of KGM. This article may encourage the investigators to explore the use of KGM, owing to its beneficial traits, as pharmaceutical excipient for drug delivery applications.
{"title":"Konjac glucomannan: A functional biopolymer for multifaceted drug delivery applications","authors":"Deepak Kulkarni, Vinit Agnihotri, Somnath Bhinge, Mayuri Ban, Dipak Bari, Chandrakantsing V. Pardeshi","doi":"10.1002/pat.6512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6512","url":null,"abstract":"Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a hydrophilic, neutral polysaccharide obtained from the corm of <jats:italic>Amorphophallus konjac</jats:italic> (Araceae). Excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, and nontoxicity has marked the utilization of KGM in variety of drug delivery and biomedical applications. KGM has <jats:italic>generally regarded as safe</jats:italic> (GRAS) status approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. The gelling, and film‐forming properties possessed by native KGM has attracted a widespread attention of the researchers for exploring its drug delivery potential. Additionally, the versatility of KGM modifications further extends the drug delivery opportunities through ever‐increasing array of functional properties of KGM. Present review is aimed at presenting the state‐of‐the‐art collection of structure, functional properties, biosynthesis, in vitro and in vivo degradation, chemical modifications, and finally, the drug delivery applications of the KGM. Authors tried to cover the aspects of the KGM relevant to the formulation personnel, and academicians involved in the investigation on variety of pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and biomedical applications of KGM. This article may encourage the investigators to explore the use of KGM, owing to its beneficial traits, as pharmaceutical excipient for drug delivery applications.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Osama Younis, Aya Khamies, Xinchun Yang, Kamal I. Aly
Polybenzoxazines are a class of luminescent polymers that exhibit light emission properties, making them suitable for various applications. This manuscript presents the synthesis, characterization, and thermal behavior of a novel luminescent polybenzoxazine, named P‐BZ‐CP. The synthesis of P‐BZ‐CP involved a three‐stage process, starting with the formation of Bis‐OHOMe through the reaction of cyclopentanone and vanillin, followed by a Mannich condensation reaction with p‐toluidine to obtain the monomer M‐BZ‐CP. Thermal ring‐opening polymerization of M‐BZ‐CP at 250°C resulted in the synthesis of P‐BZ‐CP. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including NMR, FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and DSC, were employed to analyze the structure and properties of both M‐BZ‐CP and P‐BZ‐CP. The thermal behavior of M‐BZ‐CP curing was investigated using DSC, highlighting the temperature‐dependent polymerization process. This work also provides insights into the photophysical properties of Bis‐OHOMe, M‐BZ‐CP, and P‐BZ‐CP, highlighting the role of molecular structure and concentration in determining absorption, excitation, and emission characteristics. The core benzylidene cyclopentanone chromophore contributes to the common absorption and emission features, while the additional functional groups in M‐BZ‐CP lead to concentration‐dependent photoluminescence behavior due to aggregation or excimer formation. These findings demonstrate the importance of understanding the structure–property relationships in designing optoelectronic materials with tunable photophysical properties. The findings demonstrate the successful synthesis and characterization of luminescent polybenzoxazines, providing valuable insights into their potential applications in optoelectronics.
{"title":"Luminescent polybenzoxazine: Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties","authors":"Osama Younis, Aya Khamies, Xinchun Yang, Kamal I. Aly","doi":"10.1002/pat.6521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6521","url":null,"abstract":"Polybenzoxazines are a class of luminescent polymers that exhibit light emission properties, making them suitable for various applications. This manuscript presents the synthesis, characterization, and thermal behavior of a novel luminescent polybenzoxazine, named P‐BZ‐CP. The synthesis of P‐BZ‐CP involved a three‐stage process, starting with the formation of Bis‐OHOMe through the reaction of cyclopentanone and vanillin, followed by a Mannich condensation reaction with p‐toluidine to obtain the monomer M‐BZ‐CP. Thermal ring‐opening polymerization of M‐BZ‐CP at 250°C resulted in the synthesis of P‐BZ‐CP. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including NMR, FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and DSC, were employed to analyze the structure and properties of both M‐BZ‐CP and P‐BZ‐CP. The thermal behavior of M‐BZ‐CP curing was investigated using DSC, highlighting the temperature‐dependent polymerization process. This work also provides insights into the photophysical properties of Bis‐OHOMe, M‐BZ‐CP, and P‐BZ‐CP, highlighting the role of molecular structure and concentration in determining absorption, excitation, and emission characteristics. The core benzylidene cyclopentanone chromophore contributes to the common absorption and emission features, while the additional functional groups in M‐BZ‐CP lead to concentration‐dependent photoluminescence behavior due to aggregation or excimer formation. These findings demonstrate the importance of understanding the structure–property relationships in designing optoelectronic materials with tunable photophysical properties. The findings demonstrate the successful synthesis and characterization of luminescent polybenzoxazines, providing valuable insights into their potential applications in optoelectronics.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. M. Kavitha, K. M. Eshwarappa, M. P. Shilpa, Shivakumar Jagadish Shetty, S. C. Gurumurthy, K. U. Kiran, Sachin Shet
Herein we report the method to tailor the band gap and UV absorption of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/graphene oxide (GO)‐silver (Ag)/glutaraldehyde (GA) hybrid polymer nanocomposites. The modifications brought by neutron irradiation to the optical and dielectric characteristics enabled the band gap and UV absorption‐tailored polymer nanocomposites to be obtained. Neutron‐irradiated samples, compared with their unirradiated counterparts, exhibit a reduction in transmittance to 78%, rendering them opaque to UV–visible light after irradiation. The energy band gap decreases from 5.25 to 4.09 eV upon irradiation. Furthermore, upon neutron‐irradiation the relaxation time increases from 7.63 × 10−4 to 0.02 s which is evident by the shift in electric modulus imaginary part (M") peak to a lower frequency region, indicating an increase in relaxation time. The Cole–Cole plot for irradiated samples demonstrates lower fitting parameter (α) values of the modified Havriliak–Negami function, indicating a departure from pure capacitor‐like behavior. The neutron irradiation leads to a decrease in conductivity from 44.6 × 10−7 to 0.09 × 10−7 S/cm.
{"title":"Hybrid polymer nanocomposites with tailored band gaps and UV absorption for advanced applications in optoelectronics and UV protection","authors":"C. M. Kavitha, K. M. Eshwarappa, M. P. Shilpa, Shivakumar Jagadish Shetty, S. C. Gurumurthy, K. U. Kiran, Sachin Shet","doi":"10.1002/pat.6515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6515","url":null,"abstract":"Herein we report the method to tailor the band gap and UV absorption of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/graphene oxide (GO)‐silver (Ag)/glutaraldehyde (GA) hybrid polymer nanocomposites. The modifications brought by neutron irradiation to the optical and dielectric characteristics enabled the band gap and UV absorption‐tailored polymer nanocomposites to be obtained. Neutron‐irradiated samples, compared with their unirradiated counterparts, exhibit a reduction in transmittance to 78%, rendering them opaque to UV–visible light after irradiation. The energy band gap decreases from 5.25 to 4.09 eV upon irradiation. Furthermore, upon neutron‐irradiation the relaxation time increases from 7.63 × 10<jats:sup>−4</jats:sup> to 0.02 s which is evident by the shift in electric modulus imaginary part (<jats:italic>M\"</jats:italic>) peak to a lower frequency region, indicating an increase in relaxation time. The Cole–Cole plot for irradiated samples demonstrates lower fitting parameter (<jats:italic>α</jats:italic>) values of the modified Havriliak–Negami function, indicating a departure from pure capacitor‐like behavior. The neutron irradiation leads to a decrease in conductivity from 44.6 × 10<jats:sup>−7</jats:sup> to 0.09 × 10<jats:sup>−7</jats:sup> S/cm.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roshbe S. Calolsa, T. P. Sumangala, Sreeram K. Kalpathy, Tiju Thomas, Mousumi Upadhyay Kahaly, Ariful Rahaman
Infrared (IR) filters and screens find application in energy‐efficient buildings, windows, and solar panels. Such filters benefit solar cells by preventing efficiency losses caused by heating. Polymer‐nanocomposite films are good candidates for developing IR screens. Compared to prior research on IR filters, we show how the addition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can improve the material's IR reflective nature while retaining high transmittance in the visible region. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film with AgNPs (~100 μm thick) is made using the doctor blade technique. We observe no transparency loss over the 0.005–0.02 vol% loading of AgNPs in PDMS, indicating the promising application of this transparent film. Furthermore, the distribution of AgNPs is found to be uniform, ensuring consistency, and preventing agglomeration. A contact angle of ~1120 is observed for these films, which is comparable to pristine PDMS film. Using a UV–Vis–NIR spectrophotometer, greater than 7.66% weighted average reflectance is observed in the near‐infrared (NIR) region and above 91.5% transmittance in the visible region. The precise role and influence of the functional group's presence were revealed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The thermal analysis (TGA) of the films revealed thermal stability of up to 400°C, which is comparable to pristine PDMS. Overall, the synergistic combination of AgNPs and PDMS produces a hydrophobic IR filter with enhanced optical characteristics and thermal stability.
{"title":"Silver nanoparticles incorporated polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposite film as hydrophobic infrared filters","authors":"Roshbe S. Calolsa, T. P. Sumangala, Sreeram K. Kalpathy, Tiju Thomas, Mousumi Upadhyay Kahaly, Ariful Rahaman","doi":"10.1002/pat.6511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6511","url":null,"abstract":"Infrared (IR) filters and screens find application in energy‐efficient buildings, windows, and solar panels. Such filters benefit solar cells by preventing efficiency losses caused by heating. Polymer‐nanocomposite films are good candidates for developing IR screens. Compared to prior research on IR filters, we show how the addition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can improve the material's IR reflective nature while retaining high transmittance in the visible region. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film with AgNPs (<jats:italic>~</jats:italic>100 μm thick) is made using the doctor blade technique. We observe no transparency loss over the 0.005–0.02 vol% loading of AgNPs in PDMS, indicating the promising application of this transparent film. Furthermore, the distribution of AgNPs is found to be uniform, ensuring consistency, and preventing agglomeration. A contact angle of ~112<jats:sup>0</jats:sup> is observed for these films, which is comparable to pristine PDMS film. Using a UV–Vis–NIR spectrophotometer, greater than 7.66% weighted average reflectance is observed in the near‐infrared (NIR) region and above 91.5% transmittance in the visible region. The precise role and influence of the functional group's presence were revealed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The thermal analysis (TGA) of the films revealed thermal stability of up to 400°C, which is comparable to pristine PDMS. Overall, the synergistic combination of AgNPs and PDMS produces a hydrophobic IR filter with enhanced optical characteristics and thermal stability.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad D. Telfah, Qais M. Al‐Bataineh, Ahmad A. Ahmad, Ihsan Aljarrah, Khansaa Al‐Essa, Milad Houshmand, Johannes Etzkorn, Tamara Appel
In this study, we explored the behavior of protonated polyaniline/graphene oxide (PANI‐CSA/GO) nanocomposite films with varying GO concentrations, focusing on the novel phenomenon of explosive percolation. We observed a significant increase in electrical conductivity at the explosive percolation threshold, attributed to the emergence of a percolating metallic pathway. This discovery positions PANI‐CSA/GO films as promising materials for various electronic and electrical engineering applications. Additionally, the films demonstrated consistent and repeatable photoconductivity, showing potential for use in high‐performance UV‐photodetectors, photoactive layers in solar cells, light‐emitting diodes, and energy storage devices. Structural analyses using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed successful GO incorporation within the PANI‐CSA matrix. Different morphological features were observed depending on the GO volume fraction, with increased GO enhancing thermal stability in the conductive zone. Our findings highlight the immense potential of PANI‐CSA/GO nanocomposite films in advanced electronic applications, emphasizing their novel conductive and photoconductive properties and improved thermal stability.
在本研究中，我们探索了质子化聚苯胺/氧化石墨烯（PANI-CSA/GO）纳米复合薄膜在不同 GO 浓度下的行为，重点研究了爆炸性渗流的新现象。我们观察到在爆炸性渗流阈值处电导率显著增加，这归因于渗流金属通路的出现。这一发现使 PANI-CSA/GO 薄膜成为各种电子和电气工程应用的理想材料。此外，这些薄膜还表现出一致且可重复的光电导性，显示出在高性能紫外线光电探测器、太阳能电池光活性层、发光二极管和储能设备中的应用潜力。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和 X 射线衍射（XRD）进行的结构分析证实，在 PANI-CSA 基质中成功地加入了 GO。根据 GO 体积分数的不同，可观察到不同的形态特征，GO 的增加提高了导电区的热稳定性。我们的研究结果凸显了 PANI-CSA/GO 纳米复合薄膜在先进电子应用中的巨大潜力，强调了其新颖的导电和光导特性以及更好的热稳定性。
{"title":"Photoconductivity of explosive percolation in conductive polymer/graphene oxide nanocomposite films","authors":"Ahmad D. Telfah, Qais M. Al‐Bataineh, Ahmad A. Ahmad, Ihsan Aljarrah, Khansaa Al‐Essa, Milad Houshmand, Johannes Etzkorn, Tamara Appel","doi":"10.1002/pat.6494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6494","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we explored the behavior of protonated polyaniline/graphene oxide (PANI‐CSA/GO) nanocomposite films with varying GO concentrations, focusing on the novel phenomenon of explosive percolation. We observed a significant increase in electrical conductivity at the explosive percolation threshold, attributed to the emergence of a percolating metallic pathway. This discovery positions PANI‐CSA/GO films as promising materials for various electronic and electrical engineering applications. Additionally, the films demonstrated consistent and repeatable photoconductivity, showing potential for use in high‐performance UV‐photodetectors, photoactive layers in solar cells, light‐emitting diodes, and energy storage devices. Structural analyses using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed successful GO incorporation within the PANI‐CSA matrix. Different morphological features were observed depending on the GO volume fraction, with increased GO enhancing thermal stability in the conductive zone. Our findings highlight the immense potential of PANI‐CSA/GO nanocomposite films in advanced electronic applications, emphasizing their novel conductive and photoconductive properties and improved thermal stability.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deniz Aydemir, Havva Gumus, Ertugrul Altuntas, Ömer Ümit Yalçın, Zeynep Eda Özan
This study investigated the mechanical, morphological, thermal, rheological properties, and accelerated aging performance of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) blends with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) at low loading ratio. According to the obtained results, the addition of both PLA and CNFs were found to generally increase the mechanical properties of the biopolymer nanocomposites (BNCs). Morphological characterization with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited that cellular structure occurred in all the BNCs with adding both PLA and CNFs. Thermal stability of the BNCs improved with PLA and CNFs. The addition of CNFs and PLA generally increased the isotherms including Tg, Tc, and Tm according to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and it was found that the blends' crystallinity dropped because of a poor crystallinity of PLA. The addition of both PLA and CNFs provided an improvement on the rheological and viscoelastic properties of the neat PHB. XRD pattern of all the BNCs was found to be similar to the neat blends and the BNCs. In the accelerated weathering test, the adding PLA to neat PHB was found to provide more improvement than adding of CNFs.
{"title":"Biopolymer nanocomposite blends of poly(lactic acid) and polyhydroxybutyrate biopolymers reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils at low loading ratio","authors":"Deniz Aydemir, Havva Gumus, Ertugrul Altuntas, Ömer Ümit Yalçın, Zeynep Eda Özan","doi":"10.1002/pat.6520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6520","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the mechanical, morphological, thermal, rheological properties, and accelerated aging performance of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) blends with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) at low loading ratio. According to the obtained results, the addition of both PLA and CNFs were found to generally increase the mechanical properties of the biopolymer nanocomposites (BNCs). Morphological characterization with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited that cellular structure occurred in all the BNCs with adding both PLA and CNFs. Thermal stability of the BNCs improved with PLA and CNFs. The addition of CNFs and PLA generally increased the isotherms including <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>g</jats:sub>, <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>c</jats:sub>, and <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>m</jats:sub> according to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and it was found that the blends' crystallinity dropped because of a poor crystallinity of PLA. The addition of both PLA and CNFs provided an improvement on the rheological and viscoelastic properties of the neat PHB. XRD pattern of all the BNCs was found to be similar to the neat blends and the BNCs. In the accelerated weathering test, the adding PLA to neat PHB was found to provide more improvement than adding of CNFs.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mechanical damage to the surface of polyimide during manufacture and utilization may act as critical determinants of the properties and longevity of the material. In order to address this issue, this study prepared thermoplastic polyimide (TPI) films through the copolymerization of isocyanate and acid anhydride, which possesses superior self‐healing ability after being mechanical damaged. Moreover, polyimide films still retain its exceptional tensile strength (>90 MPa) with Young's modulus (E) (>3 GPa), high thermal stability (glass transition temperature (Tg) >220°C), and excellent insulation performance (breakdown strength (Eb) >180 kV/mm) after self‐healing. Introducing cross‐linked structures and flexible groups into the thermoplastic resin matrix appropriately not only imparts self‐healing capabilities to the material but also retains its excellent mechanical properties. The combination of straightforward copolymerization and distinctive self‐healing prowess renders it an appropriate strategy for confronting self‐healing challenges.
{"title":"Construction and self‐healing properties of thermoplastic polyimide based on dynamic covalent bonding","authors":"Yuanjie Gao, Jiahao Shi, Xiaorui Zhang, Ling Weng, Xue Sun, Laiweiqing Liu","doi":"10.1002/pat.6509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6509","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanical damage to the surface of polyimide during manufacture and utilization may act as critical determinants of the properties and longevity of the material. In order to address this issue, this study prepared thermoplastic polyimide (TPI) films through the copolymerization of isocyanate and acid anhydride, which possesses superior self‐healing ability after being mechanical damaged. Moreover, polyimide films still retain its exceptional tensile strength (>90 MPa) with Young's modulus (<jats:italic>E</jats:italic>) (>3 GPa), high thermal stability (glass transition temperature (Tg) >220°C), and excellent insulation performance (breakdown strength (Eb) >180 kV/mm) after self‐healing. Introducing cross‐linked structures and flexible groups into the thermoplastic resin matrix appropriately not only imparts self‐healing capabilities to the material but also retains its excellent mechanical properties. The combination of straightforward copolymerization and distinctive self‐healing prowess renders it an appropriate strategy for confronting self‐healing challenges.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141614205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A sustainable polylactide (PLA)‐based multilayer food packaging film was developed to improve neat PLA films' modest mechanical, thermal, and water/gas barrier properties. To improve the desired properties and impart antimicrobial aspects to the composite films, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), and geraniol (GER) were reinforced into single‐layered PLA films. The project aimed to assemble three monolayers into multilayer films (MLF) through a coextrusion process, keeping the PLA‐GER layer in the core. X‐ray diffractograms, micrographs, and roughness parameters of the films demonstrated the dispersion of GNP in the film. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed an enhancement in the thermal stability of the MLF by around 8°C when compared against single‐layer PLA films. An improvement in mechanical rigidity was supported by tensile (>87%) and rheological measurements. The polymers exhibit liquid‐like behavior in melts. Barrier properties did not improve for the MLF due to the agglomeration of GNP. The excellent antimicrobial properties of the MLFs for 3 weeks of storage at refrigerated conditions against both gram‐positive and gram‐negative pathogens were attributed to the release of GER from the film into the packed chicken samples and proved their potential for use in the food industry.
我们开发了一种可持续的聚乳酸（PLA）基多层食品包装薄膜，以改善纯聚乳酸薄膜适度的机械、热和水/气体阻隔性能。为了提高复合薄膜的预期性能并赋予其抗菌性，在单层聚乳酸薄膜中添加了石墨烯纳米片（GNP）和香叶醇（GER）。该项目旨在通过共挤工艺将三个单层膜组合成多层膜（MLF），并将聚乳酸-香叶醇层保持在核心位置。薄膜的 X 射线衍射图、显微照片和粗糙度参数显示了 GNP 在薄膜中的分散情况。热重分析证实，与单层聚乳酸薄膜相比，MLF 的热稳定性提高了约 8°C。拉伸（>87%）和流变测量也证明了机械刚性的改善。聚合物在熔体中表现出类似液体的行为。由于 GNP 的聚结，MLF 的阻隔性能没有得到改善。MLF 在冷藏条件下储存 3 周后对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性病原体都具有优异的抗菌性能，这归功于 GER 从薄膜中释放到包装好的鸡肉样品中，并证明了它们在食品工业中的应用潜力。
{"title":"Microstructural, mechanical, thermo‐rheological, barrier, and antimicrobial properties of coextruded tri‐layer polylactide/encapsulated geraniol/polylactide‐graphene nanoplatelets films","authors":"Jasim Ahmed, Anibal Bher, Rafael Auras","doi":"10.1002/pat.6488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.6488","url":null,"abstract":"A sustainable polylactide (PLA)‐based multilayer food packaging film was developed to improve neat PLA films' modest mechanical, thermal, and water/gas barrier properties. To improve the desired properties and impart antimicrobial aspects to the composite films, graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), and geraniol (GER) were reinforced into single‐layered PLA films. The project aimed to assemble three monolayers into multilayer films (MLF) through a coextrusion process, keeping the PLA‐GER layer in the core. X‐ray diffractograms, micrographs, and roughness parameters of the films demonstrated the dispersion of GNP in the film. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed an enhancement in the thermal stability of the MLF by around 8°C when compared against single‐layer PLA films. An improvement in mechanical rigidity was supported by tensile (>87%) and rheological measurements. The polymers exhibit liquid‐like behavior in melts. Barrier properties did not improve for the MLF due to the agglomeration of GNP. The excellent antimicrobial properties of the MLFs for 3 weeks of storage at refrigerated conditions against both gram‐positive and gram‐negative pathogens were attributed to the release of GER from the film into the packed chicken samples and proved their potential for use in the food industry.","PeriodicalId":20382,"journal":{"name":"Polymers for Advanced Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141614206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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