Preventive veterinary medicine最新文献_第10页

Global antibiotic resistance trends in Enterococcus faecalis from animals, food, and environmental sources: A meta-analysis 来自动物、食物和环境来源的粪肠球菌全球抗生素耐药性趋势：一项荟萃分析。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106689

Yongwu Yang , Reihaneh Yeganeh , Mahya Abedi Moghadam , Zahra Teymouri , Faezeh Motallebi Tabaei , Samaneh Moradi , Masoumeh Beig

This systematic review investigates the prevalence of antibacterial resistance in Enterococcus faecalis outside clinical settings, focusing on animals, food, and the environment. Using a "One Health" approach connecting human, animal, and environmental health, we analyze resistance patterns across diverse geographical regions and timeframes, emphasizing the impact of geographical factors. We thoroughly searched various databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. We assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale Checklist. A random-effects model estimated resistance proportions, while meta-regression, subgroup analyses, and identification of outliers and influential studies provided additional insights. We employed R software (version 4.2.1) and the metaphor package (version 3.8.1) for comprehensive data management and analysis. Our analysis of 75 studies revealed significant variability in antibiotic resistance across countries, continents, and World Health Organization (WHO) regions in non-clinical E. faecalis. Resistance rates differed based on antibacterial agents, geographic regions, periods, and isolation sources. Resistance was highest to tetracycline, rifampicin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, doxycycline, and erythromycin (≈48–62 %). Moderate resistance was observed for streptomycin, kanamycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and linezolid (≈10–26 %). In contrast, low resistance rates (<10 %) were found for vancomycin, teicoplanin, levofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin. Considerable heterogeneity was noted across most antibiotics. This review emphasizes the influence of geographic variations and isolated sources on E. faecalis resistance patterns. We underscore the urgent need for a collaborative One Health approach, integrating human, animal, and environmental health sectors, to tackle antibacterial resistance in E. faecalis effectively.

本系统综述调查了粪肠球菌在临床之外的抗菌耐药流行情况，重点是动物、食物和环境。通过将人类、动物和环境健康联系起来的“同一个健康”方法，我们分析了不同地理区域和时间框架的耐药性模式，强调了地理因素的影响。我们彻底搜索了各种数据库，包括Scopus、PubMed、Web of Science和EMBASE。我们使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表检查表评估研究质量。随机效应模型估计了抵抗比例，而元回归、亚组分析、异常值识别和有影响力的研究提供了额外的见解。我们使用R软件（版本4.2.1）和隐喻包（版本3.8.1）进行全面的数据管理和分析。我们对75项研究的分析显示，不同国家、大洲和世界卫生组织（WHO）区域的非临床粪肠球菌的抗生素耐药性存在显著差异。耐药率因抗菌剂、地理区域、时期和隔离源而异。对四环素、利福平、奎奴普司汀-达福普司汀、强力霉素和红霉素的耐药率最高（≈48 ~ 62 %）。链霉素、卡那霉素、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、氯霉素和利奈唑胺中等耐药（≈10-26 %）。相反，低耐药率(

{"title":"Global antibiotic resistance trends in Enterococcus faecalis from animals, food, and environmental sources: A meta-analysis","authors":"Yongwu Yang , Reihaneh Yeganeh , Mahya Abedi Moghadam , Zahra Teymouri , Faezeh Motallebi Tabaei , Samaneh Moradi , Masoumeh Beig","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review investigates the prevalence of antibacterial resistance in <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> outside clinical settings, focusing on animals, food, and the environment. Using a \"One Health\" approach connecting human, animal, and environmental health, we analyze resistance patterns across diverse geographical regions and timeframes, emphasizing the impact of geographical factors. We thoroughly searched various databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. We assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale Checklist. A random-effects model estimated resistance proportions, while meta-regression, subgroup analyses, and identification of outliers and influential studies provided additional insights. We employed R software (version 4.2.1) and the metaphor package (version 3.8.1) for comprehensive data management and analysis. Our analysis of 75 studies revealed significant variability in antibiotic resistance across countries, continents, and World Health Organization (WHO) regions in non-clinical <em>E. faecalis</em>. Resistance rates differed based on antibacterial agents, geographic regions, periods, and isolation sources. Resistance was highest to tetracycline, rifampicin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, doxycycline, and erythromycin (≈48–62 %). Moderate resistance was observed for streptomycin, kanamycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and linezolid (≈10–26 %). In contrast, low resistance rates (<10 %) were found for vancomycin, teicoplanin, levofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin. Considerable heterogeneity was noted across most antibiotics. This review emphasizes the influence of geographic variations and isolated sources on <em>E. faecalis</em> resistance patterns. We underscore the urgent need for a collaborative One Health approach, integrating human, animal, and environmental health sectors, to tackle antibacterial resistance in <em>E. faecalis</em> effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106689"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economic viability of different surveillance strategies for the control of paratuberculosis in Swiss dairy cattle 控制瑞士奶牛副结核病的不同监测策略的经济可行性

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106685

Silja Griss , Gertraud Schüpbach-Regula , Luís P. Carmo , Mireille Meylan , Beat Thomann

Paratuberculosis (PTB), or Johne's disease, is a globally prevalent disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, leading to significant economic losses in the dairy industry. This study assessed the economic viability of potential PTB surveillance strategies in Switzerland using stochastic simulation models.Two non-targeted surveillance strategies (SS1 and SS2) were assessed under three participation scenarios over ten years. Additionally, a more targeted surveillance strategy (SS3) was evaluated, focusing on historically positive herds.In SS1, herds are screened using sock swab PCR followed by individual faecal PCR testing in sock swab-positive herds. SS2 follows a risk-based approach: in high-risk herds (i.e., previous PTB cases or animals with suggestive symptoms), all cows older than 24 months are tested using serum ELISA, with faecal PCR confirmation. In other herds, only high-risk cows (somatic cell count >200,000/ml or >3 lactation) undergo ELISA testing to determine herd status.In SS3, only animals from herds with recent outbreaks or clinical cases are tested.Neither of the two non-targeted strategies (SS1 and SS2) proves economically beneficial over a ten-year period, with Benefit-Cost Ratios (BCR) below 0.1. In contrast, the targeted strategy (SS3) achieves a BCR of 1.42, a net present value of CHF 568,545, and reaches the break-even point after seven years.These results indicate that targeted control strategies are more economically viable in low-prevalence settings.

副结核（PTB），或约翰氏病，是一种由鸟分枝杆菌亚种引起的全球流行疾病。副结核病，导致重大的经济损失在乳制品行业。本研究利用随机模拟模型评估了瑞士潜在肺结核监测策略的经济可行性。两种非目标监测策略（SS1和SS2）在十年的三种参与情景下进行了评估。此外，还评估了更具针对性的监测策略（SS3），重点关注历史上呈阳性的畜群。在SS1中，使用袜子拭子PCR对畜群进行筛选，然后对袜子拭子阳性畜群进行个别粪便PCR检测。SS2采用基于风险的方法：在高风险牛群中（即既往肺结核病例或有提示症状的动物），使用血清ELISA对所有24个月以上的奶牛进行检测，并进行粪便PCR确认。在其他奶牛群中，只有高危奶牛（体细胞计数20万/毫升或泌乳3次）才进行ELISA检测以确定牛群状态。在SS3中，仅对最近发生疫情或临床病例的畜群中的动物进行检测。两种非目标策略（SS1和SS2）在十年内都没有证明经济效益，收益成本比（BCR）低于0.1。相比之下，目标策略（SS3）的BCR为1.42，净现值为568,545瑞士法郎，并在七年后达到盈亏平衡点。这些结果表明，在低患病率环境中，有针对性的控制策略在经济上更为可行。

{"title":"Economic viability of different surveillance strategies for the control of paratuberculosis in Swiss dairy cattle","authors":"Silja Griss , Gertraud Schüpbach-Regula , Luís P. Carmo , Mireille Meylan , Beat Thomann","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paratuberculosis (PTB), or Johne's disease, is a globally prevalent disease caused by <em>Mycobacterium avium</em> subsp. <em>paratuberculosis</em>, leading to significant economic losses in the dairy industry. This study assessed the economic viability of potential PTB surveillance strategies in Switzerland using stochastic simulation models.Two non-targeted surveillance strategies (SS1 and SS2) were assessed under three participation scenarios over ten years. Additionally, a more targeted surveillance strategy (SS3) was evaluated, focusing on historically positive herds.In SS1, herds are screened using sock swab PCR followed by individual faecal PCR testing in sock swab-positive herds. SS2 follows a risk-based approach: in high-risk herds (i.e., previous PTB cases or animals with suggestive symptoms), all cows older than 24 months are tested using serum ELISA, with faecal PCR confirmation. In other herds, only high-risk cows (somatic cell count >200,000/ml or >3 lactation) undergo ELISA testing to determine herd status.In SS3, only animals from herds with recent outbreaks or clinical cases are tested.Neither of the two non-targeted strategies (SS1 and SS2) proves economically beneficial over a ten-year period, with Benefit-Cost Ratios (BCR) below 0.1. In contrast, the targeted strategy (SS3) achieves a BCR of 1.42, a net present value of CHF 568,545, and reaches the break-even point after seven years.These results indicate that targeted control strategies are more economically viable in low-prevalence settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into the epidemiological characteristics, temporal changepoints, and space-time clusters of foot and mouth disease outbreaks in the SEACFMD region to support eradication efforts 深入了解东南亚口蹄疫地区口蹄疫暴发的流行病学特征、时间变化点和时空聚集性，以支持根除工作

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106683

Veerasak Punyapornwithaya , Supitchaya Srisawang , Chalita Jainonthee , Wengui Li , Ronello Abila , Karma Rinzin , Ashish Sutar , Bolortuya Purevsuren

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) remains endemic in several countries across Southeast Asia, China, and Mongolia (SEACFMD region), posing an ongoing threat to livestock and trade. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of FMD outbreaks reported across the SEACFMD region. FMD outbreak and virus lineage data from 2015 to 2023 were utilized. Time series decomposition, changepoint detection, and spatio-temporal clustering using space-time permutation and Poisson space-time models were conducted to identify trends, changepoints, and outbreak clusters. Nine countries reported at least one FMD outbreak during the study period. Changepoint analysis revealed significant temporal shifts, including a peak in 2020, followed by a declining trend towards the end of 2023. The O/ME-SA/PanAsia and O/SEA/Mya-98 lineages were dominant between 2015 and 2018, while O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e became predominant from 2019 onwards, particularly in Vietnam and Thailand, and was linked to the incursion of FMD in Indonesia in 2022. Spatio-temporal analyses identified clusters in Mongolia, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, and southern China, with the number and size of clusters influenced by model parameters. The findings highlight the dynamic epidemiology of FMD in the SEACFMD region, characterized by the emergence of dominant lineages, fluctuating outbreak trends, and evidence of transboundary spread. These insights support targeted surveillance, timely response, and strengthened regional collaboration to inform the SEACFMD Roadmap 2026–2030.

口蹄疫在东南亚、中国和蒙古（东南亚口蹄疫区）的几个国家仍然流行，对牲畜和贸易构成持续威胁。本研究旨在调查东南亚口蹄疫疫区口蹄疫暴发的流行病学特征和时空分布特征。利用2015 - 2023年口蹄疫疫情和病毒谱系数据。利用时空排列和泊松时空模型进行时间序列分解、变化点检测和时空聚类，以确定趋势、变化点和爆发集群。在研究期间，9个国家报告了至少一次口蹄疫疫情。变化点分析显示了显著的时间变化，包括在2020年达到峰值，然后在2023年底呈下降趋势。O/ME-SA/泛亚和O/SEA/Mya-98谱系在2015年至2018年期间占主导地位，而O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e从2019年开始占主导地位，特别是在越南和泰国，并与2022年印度尼西亚口蹄疫的入侵有关。时空分析确定了蒙古、泰国、越南、柬埔寨、马来西亚和中国南方的集群，集群的数量和大小受模型参数的影响。这些发现强调了东南亚口蹄疫地区口蹄疫的动态流行病学，其特点是出现了优势谱系，爆发趋势波动，并有证据表明存在跨界传播。这些见解支持有针对性的监测、及时应对和加强区域合作，为《2026-2030年东南亚口蹄疫路线图》提供信息。

{"title":"Insights into the epidemiological characteristics, temporal changepoints, and space-time clusters of foot and mouth disease outbreaks in the SEACFMD region to support eradication efforts","authors":"Veerasak Punyapornwithaya , Supitchaya Srisawang , Chalita Jainonthee , Wengui Li , Ronello Abila , Karma Rinzin , Ashish Sutar , Bolortuya Purevsuren","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Foot and mouth disease (FMD) remains endemic in several countries across Southeast Asia, China, and Mongolia (SEACFMD region), posing an ongoing threat to livestock and trade. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of FMD outbreaks reported across the SEACFMD region. FMD outbreak and virus lineage data from 2015 to 2023 were utilized. Time series decomposition, changepoint detection, and spatio-temporal clustering using space-time permutation and Poisson space-time models were conducted to identify trends, changepoints, and outbreak clusters. Nine countries reported at least one FMD outbreak during the study period. Changepoint analysis revealed significant temporal shifts, including a peak in 2020, followed by a declining trend towards the end of 2023. The O/ME-SA/PanAsia and O/SEA/Mya-98 lineages were dominant between 2015 and 2018, while O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e became predominant from 2019 onwards, particularly in Vietnam and Thailand, and was linked to the incursion of FMD in Indonesia in 2022. Spatio-temporal analyses identified clusters in Mongolia, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, and southern China, with the number and size of clusters influenced by model parameters. The findings highlight the dynamic epidemiology of FMD in the SEACFMD region, characterized by the emergence of dominant lineages, fluctuating outbreak trends, and evidence of transboundary spread. These insights support targeted surveillance, timely response, and strengthened regional collaboration to inform the SEACFMD Roadmap 2026–2030.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inter-laboratory evaluation of serological tests using Bayesian latent class models: A case study for bovine viral diarrhoea 使用贝叶斯潜类模型的血清学试验的实验室间评价：牛病毒性腹泻病例研究

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106659

Arianna Comin , Viktor Ahlberg , Eduardo de Freitas Costa , Mark Arnold , Amin Asfor , Guy Kouokam , Stephen Valas , Akbar Dastjerdi , Matt Denwood

Accurate estimation of diagnostic test performance is crucial for epidemiological studies and disease control programs. Bayesian latent class models (BLCMs) provide a robust statistical approach to estimate these parameters in the absence of a gold standard test. This study aimed to establish a proof of concept for interlaboratory diagnostic test evaluation and to develop metrics for model fit validation, using serological detection of bovine viral diarrhoea as a case study. A total of 485 samples were collected from France, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom and tested in four laboratories using six commercial ELISA kits. We initially fit a 6-test-4-population Hui-Walter model with both minimally informative and strong priors, as well as covariance terms. Model fit was assessed through four novel posterior predictive metrics, targeting the multinomial response frequency (LPmf), test-specific positivity (LPtp), pairwise crude agreement (LPag) and population-specific re-estimation of sensitivity and specificity (LRse/LRsp). BLCM results showed that almost all tests exhibited high sensitivity and specificity (>95 %). In addition, the model fit metrics identified one test breaching the assumption of constant test performance across populations which was therefore removed from the final model. This highlights the importance of robust model validation strategies to ensure reliable estimates. Our findings demonstrate that the joint evaluation of diagnostic tests across laboratories using BLCMs is both feasible and effective, providing robust accuracy estimates while reducing the burden on individual laboratories. As this approach does not require characterized samples, it is readily adaptable for evaluating diagnostics for emerging diseases without established gold standards.

准确估计诊断测试性能对流行病学研究和疾病控制计划至关重要。贝叶斯潜类模型（BLCMs）在没有金标准检验的情况下提供了一种稳健的统计方法来估计这些参数。本研究旨在建立实验室间诊断测试评估的概念验证，并以牛病毒性腹泻的血清学检测作为案例研究，开发模型拟合验证的指标。从法国、荷兰、瑞典和联合王国共收集了485份样本，并在4个实验室使用6个商用酶联免疫吸附试验试剂盒进行了检测。我们最初拟合具有最小信息量和强先验以及协方差项的6-test-4总体Hui-Walter模型。模型拟合通过四种新的后验预测指标进行评估，分别针对多项反应频率（LPmf）、测试特异性阳性（ltp）、两两粗一致性（LPag）和群体特异性敏感性和特异性重新估计（LRse/LRsp）。BLCM结果显示，几乎所有试验均具有较高的敏感性和特异性（>95 %）。此外，模型拟合指标确定了一个测试违反了跨种群恒定测试性能的假设，因此从最终模型中删除了该测试。这突出了鲁棒模型验证策略对于确保可靠估计的重要性。我们的研究结果表明，跨实验室使用blcm对诊断测试进行联合评估既可行又有效，提供了可靠的准确性估计，同时减轻了单个实验室的负担。由于这种方法不需要特征样本，因此很容易适用于在没有既定金标准的情况下评估新发疾病的诊断。

{"title":"Inter-laboratory evaluation of serological tests using Bayesian latent class models: A case study for bovine viral diarrhoea","authors":"Arianna Comin , Viktor Ahlberg , Eduardo de Freitas Costa , Mark Arnold , Amin Asfor , Guy Kouokam , Stephen Valas , Akbar Dastjerdi , Matt Denwood","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate estimation of diagnostic test performance is crucial for epidemiological studies and disease control programs. Bayesian latent class models (BLCMs) provide a robust statistical approach to estimate these parameters in the absence of a gold standard test. This study aimed to establish a proof of concept for interlaboratory diagnostic test evaluation and to develop metrics for model fit validation, using serological detection of bovine viral diarrhoea as a case study. A total of 485 samples were collected from France, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom and tested in four laboratories using six commercial ELISA kits. We initially fit a 6-test-4-population Hui-Walter model with both minimally informative and strong priors, as well as covariance terms. Model fit was assessed through four novel posterior predictive metrics, targeting the multinomial response frequency (LPmf), test-specific positivity (LPtp), pairwise crude agreement (LPag) and population-specific re-estimation of sensitivity and specificity (LRse/LRsp). BLCM results showed that almost all tests exhibited high sensitivity and specificity (>95 %). In addition, the model fit metrics identified one test breaching the assumption of constant test performance across populations which was therefore removed from the final model. This highlights the importance of robust model validation strategies to ensure reliable estimates. Our findings demonstrate that the joint evaluation of diagnostic tests across laboratories using BLCMs is both feasible and effective, providing robust accuracy estimates while reducing the burden on individual laboratories. As this approach does not require characterized samples, it is readily adaptable for evaluating diagnostics for emerging diseases without established gold standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving understanding of household level biosecurity challenges for smallholder pig producers in Vietnam: A pilot for data collection and capacity building opportunities 提高对越南小户养猪生产者面临的家庭层面生物安全挑战的理解：数据收集和能力建设机会的试点。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106691

Jennifer Manyweathers , Ninh Thi Huyen , Ngo Thi Kim Cuc , Gang Xie , Nguyen Cong Dinh , Tran Trung Thong , Le Thu Ha , Nguyen Pham Trung Nguyen , Ngo Thi Le Quyen , Lynne Hayes , Marta Hernandez-Jover , Yin Li , Jennifer Kelly , Jen Bond

Understanding smallholder pig producers’ biosecurity practices in Vietnam has been identified as a priority to better support the pork industry’s management of African swine fever. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in three provinces, Bac Giang, Ha Nam, and Hoa Binh, in 2022/23, with the aim of piloting data collection approaches and gaining a better understanding of the lived experience of smallholders affected by African swine fever. A total of 160 smallholders, with less than 100 pigs, responded to the questionnaire. Bayesian Network modelling was used to analyse the data, using a vulnerability framework (likelihood of exposure and response capacity) to segment the respondent population based on the potential susceptibility to an African swine fever outbreak. Results suggest that the diversity within the population, across provinces, number of pigs kept, and percentage of income from pigs should drive the development of tailored interventions. Recommendations developed from the analysis include focussing on support to reduce swill feeding in smaller herds (under 20 pigs), restricting animal access to production areas in medium sized farms (21–49 pigs)and examining barriers to quarantine of both new and sick animals in larger farms (50–100 pigs). The findings from this pilot could be useful in the development of a vulnerability and resilience assessment tool to identify gaps and innovation opportunities to support smallholder pig producer biosecurity capabilities both in Vietnam and other countries affected by or preparing for African swine fever.

了解越南小型养猪生产者的生物安全做法已被确定为优先事项，以更好地支持猪肉行业对非洲猪瘟的管理。2022/23年，在北江、哈南和和平三个省开展了一项横断面调查，目的是试验数据收集方法，并更好地了解受非洲猪瘟影响的小农的生活经历。共有160个小农户，他们的生猪少于100头，回答了调查问卷。使用贝叶斯网络建模来分析数据，使用脆弱性框架（暴露的可能性和反应能力）根据对非洲猪瘟暴发的潜在易感性对应答人群进行细分。结果表明，猪群内部的多样性、各省之间的差异、猪的存栏数和猪的收入百分比应该推动量身定制的干预措施的发展。从分析中提出的建议包括重点支持减少小群猪（20头以下）的泔水喂养，限制中型猪场（21-49头）的动物进入生产区，以及检查大型猪场（50-100头）的新病猪检疫障碍。该试点的研究结果可能有助于开发脆弱性和复原力评估工具，以确定差距和创新机会，从而支持越南和其他受非洲猪瘟影响或准备应对非洲猪瘟的国家的小农生猪生产者的生物安全能力。

{"title":"Improving understanding of household level biosecurity challenges for smallholder pig producers in Vietnam: A pilot for data collection and capacity building opportunities","authors":"Jennifer Manyweathers , Ninh Thi Huyen , Ngo Thi Kim Cuc , Gang Xie , Nguyen Cong Dinh , Tran Trung Thong , Le Thu Ha , Nguyen Pham Trung Nguyen , Ngo Thi Le Quyen , Lynne Hayes , Marta Hernandez-Jover , Yin Li , Jennifer Kelly , Jen Bond","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding smallholder pig producers’ biosecurity practices in Vietnam has been identified as a priority to better support the pork industry’s management of African swine fever. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in three provinces, Bac Giang, Ha Nam, and Hoa Binh, in 2022/23, with the aim of piloting data collection approaches and gaining a better understanding of the lived experience of smallholders affected by African swine fever. A total of 160 smallholders, with less than 100 pigs, responded to the questionnaire. Bayesian Network modelling was used to analyse the data, using a vulnerability framework (likelihood of exposure and response capacity) to segment the respondent population based on the potential susceptibility to an African swine fever outbreak. Results suggest that the diversity within the population, across provinces, number of pigs kept, and percentage of income from pigs should drive the development of tailored interventions. Recommendations developed from the analysis include focussing on support to reduce swill feeding in smaller herds (under 20 pigs), restricting animal access to production areas in medium sized farms (21–49 pigs)and examining barriers to quarantine of both new and sick animals in larger farms (50–100 pigs). The findings from this pilot could be useful in the development of a vulnerability and resilience assessment tool to identify gaps and innovation opportunities to support smallholder pig producer biosecurity capabilities both in Vietnam and other countries affected by or preparing for African swine fever.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the role of animal welfare in cow performance and farm profitability in Italian dairy herds 探索动物福利在意大利奶牛生产性能和农场盈利能力中的作用

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106666

Silvia Sabbadin , Angela Costa , Valentina Lorenzi , Francesca Fusi , Luigi Bertocchi , Silvia Magro , Massimo De Marchi

Good welfare supports dairy herd health, enhances milk production and quality, and offers financial incentives for farmers committed to animal welfare. In Italy, the ClassyFarm system assesses dairy herd welfare through the evaluation of farm biosecurity, management, structures, and animal-based measures. Dairy farms with loose housing systems (LHS) and tied housing systems (THS) are evaluated using distinct ClassyFarm checklists, and an algorithm generates an overall welfare score ranging from 0 % (poor welfare) to 100 % (excellent welfare). Analysing 434 farms of Holstein and Simmental cows in north-eastern Italy, we explored whether housing systems (LHS and THS) and breed composition (single- vs. multi-breed herds) influence welfare scores as assessed by ClassyFarm. Additionally, we investigated whether milk quality and production differ in cows exposed to different welfare levels, considering 4 subsets: Holstein in LHS, Holstein in THS, Simmental in LHS, and Simmental in THS. Holstein single-breed herds achieved higher management (82.10 ± 1.78 %) and biosecurity scores (58.50 ± 2.44 %). Simmental single-breed herds scored highest in animal-based measures (87.90 ± 1.61 %), while multi-breed herds generally obtained lower scores than single-breed farms. Herds with higher management and biosecurity scores were associated with greater milk yield, milk quality, and economic returns, indicating that farmers who prioritize high welfare standards for their dairy herds may improve overall farm profitability. Our findings confirm the direct importance of investing resources in dairy cows’ welfare.

良好的福利有助于奶牛群的健康，提高牛奶产量和质量，并为致力于动物福利的农民提供财政激励。在意大利，ClassyFarm系统通过对农场生物安全、管理、结构和基于动物的措施的评估来评估奶牛群的福利。使用不同的classsyfarm清单对松散住房系统（LHS）和捆绑住房系统（THS）的奶牛场进行评估，并通过算法生成从0 %（福利差）到100 %（福利优）的整体福利评分。我们分析了意大利东北部的434个荷斯坦奶牛和西门塔尔奶牛的农场，探讨了猪舍系统（LHS和THS）和品种构成（单品种与多品种牛群）是否会影响ClassyFarm评估的福利得分。此外，我们研究了暴露于不同福利水平的奶牛的牛奶质量和产量是否存在差异，考虑了4个子集：LHS中的荷斯坦奶牛、THS中的荷斯坦奶牛、LHS中的西门塔尔奶牛和THS中的西门塔尔奶牛。荷斯坦单种畜群的管理得分（82.10 ± 1.78 %）和生物安全得分（58.50 ± 2.44 %）较高。Simmental单品种畜群在动物性指标中得分最高（87.90 ± 1.61 %），而多品种畜群得分普遍低于单品种畜群。管理和生物安全得分较高的牛群与更高的产奶量、牛奶质量和经济回报相关，这表明优先考虑奶牛群高福利标准的农民可能会提高农场的整体盈利能力。我们的研究结果证实了在奶牛福利方面投入资源的直接重要性。

{"title":"Exploring the role of animal welfare in cow performance and farm profitability in Italian dairy herds","authors":"Silvia Sabbadin , Angela Costa , Valentina Lorenzi , Francesca Fusi , Luigi Bertocchi , Silvia Magro , Massimo De Marchi","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Good welfare supports dairy herd health, enhances milk production and quality, and offers financial incentives for farmers committed to animal welfare. In Italy, the ClassyFarm system assesses dairy herd welfare through the evaluation of farm biosecurity, management, structures, and animal-based measures. Dairy farms with loose housing systems (LHS) and tied housing systems (THS) are evaluated using distinct ClassyFarm checklists, and an algorithm generates an overall welfare score ranging from 0 % (poor welfare) to 100 % (excellent welfare). Analysing 434 farms of Holstein and Simmental cows in north-eastern Italy, we explored whether housing systems (LHS and THS) and breed composition (single- vs. multi-breed herds) influence welfare scores as assessed by ClassyFarm. Additionally, we investigated whether milk quality and production differ in cows exposed to different welfare levels, considering 4 subsets: Holstein in LHS, Holstein in THS, Simmental in LHS, and Simmental in THS. Holstein single-breed herds achieved higher management (82.10 ± 1.78 %) and biosecurity scores (58.50 ± 2.44 %). Simmental single-breed herds scored highest in animal-based measures (87.90 ± 1.61 %), while multi-breed herds generally obtained lower scores than single-breed farms. Herds with higher management and biosecurity scores were associated with greater milk yield, milk quality, and economic returns, indicating that farmers who prioritize high welfare standards for their dairy herds may improve overall farm profitability. Our findings confirm the direct importance of investing resources in dairy cows’ welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cannabidiol treatment for refractory idiopathic epilepsy in dogs: A systematic review with risk of bias assessment 大麻二酚治疗犬难治性特发性癫痫：一项带有偏倚风险评估的系统评价

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106649

Helene Ane Jensen , Abbey Olsen , Maja Arendt , Peter Sandøe , Søren Saxmose Nielsen

We conducted a systematic literature review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the use of cannabidiol (CBD) as a supplementary treatment for refractory idiopathic epilepsy in dogs. The objective was to summarise the efficacy and adverse effects of CBD treatment and assess the potential risk of bias in conducted studies, including an assessment of the effects thereof on the evaluation of CBD for clinical use. Studies were included in the review if they were RCTs comparing groups of dogs with refractory idiopathic epilepsy treated with CBD oil or placebo oil, respectively. The outcomes had to be efficacy and adverse effects of the treatment. English-language reports of studies published in any year were considered. A total of three studies were included in the review. All studies suggested a reduction in seizure frequency during CBD treatment, and all observed ataxia as an adverse effect of CBD treatment or a reason for withdrawal from the studies. Additionally, studies found increased levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in dogs treated with CBD. Adverse effects included vomiting and diarrhoea, changes in appetite, behavioural changes and somnolence. The studies were characterised by a moderate to high risk of bias, which affected their validity and reliability. Based on the existing literature, it is not possible to draw conclusions concerning the efficacy and potential adverse effects of CBD as a supplementary treatment for refractory idiopathic epilepsy in dogs, and more high-quality studies are needed to evaluate clinical efficacy, the optimal treatment dose and adverse effects.

我们对使用大麻二酚（CBD）辅助治疗犬难治性特发性癫痫的随机对照试验（RCTs）进行了系统的文献综述。目的是总结CBD治疗的疗效和不良反应，并评估已进行研究的潜在偏倚风险，包括评估其对CBD临床使用评估的影响。如果研究是随机对照试验，比较分别用CBD油或安慰剂油治疗的难治性特发性癫痫狗的组，则纳入本综述。结果必须是治疗的疗效和不良反应。任何年份发表的英文研究报告都被考虑在内。本综述共纳入了三项研究。所有的研究都表明CBD治疗期间癫痫发作频率降低，并且所有的研究都观察到共济失调是CBD治疗的不良反应或退出研究的原因。此外，研究发现，接受CBD治疗的狗血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）水平升高。不良反应包括呕吐和腹泻、食欲改变、行为改变和嗜睡。这些研究的特点是有中度到高度的偏倚风险，这影响了它们的有效性和可靠性。基于现有文献，尚无法得出CBD作为犬难治性特发性癫痫补充治疗的疗效和潜在不良反应的结论，需要更多高质量的研究来评价临床疗效、最佳治疗剂量和不良反应。

{"title":"Cannabidiol treatment for refractory idiopathic epilepsy in dogs: A systematic review with risk of bias assessment","authors":"Helene Ane Jensen , Abbey Olsen , Maja Arendt , Peter Sandøe , Søren Saxmose Nielsen","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We conducted a systematic literature review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the use of cannabidiol (CBD) as a supplementary treatment for refractory idiopathic epilepsy in dogs. The objective was to summarise the efficacy and adverse effects of CBD treatment and assess the potential risk of bias in conducted studies, including an assessment of the effects thereof on the evaluation of CBD for clinical use. Studies were included in the review if they were RCTs comparing groups of dogs with refractory idiopathic epilepsy treated with CBD oil or placebo oil, respectively. The outcomes had to be efficacy and adverse effects of the treatment. English-language reports of studies published in any year were considered. A total of three studies were included in the review. All studies suggested a reduction in seizure frequency during CBD treatment, and all observed ataxia as an adverse effect of CBD treatment or a reason for withdrawal from the studies. Additionally, studies found increased levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in dogs treated with CBD. Adverse effects included vomiting and diarrhoea, changes in appetite, behavioural changes and somnolence. The studies were characterised by a moderate to high risk of bias, which affected their validity and reliability. Based on the existing literature, it is not possible to draw conclusions concerning the efficacy and potential adverse effects of CBD as a supplementary treatment for refractory idiopathic epilepsy in dogs, and more high-quality studies are needed to evaluate clinical efficacy, the optimal treatment dose and adverse effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of owners’ perception and socioeconomic status on the treatment and clinical outcome of mammary neoplasms in female dogs 饲主观念和社会经济地位对雌性犬乳腺肿瘤治疗和临床结果的影响

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106690

Vanessa Bonfim da Silva , Patrícia Lustosa Brito , Ricardo Lustosa Brito , João Moreira da Costa-Neto , Lorena Gabriela Rocha Ribeiro , Manuela da Silva Solcà , Gabriel Menezes Rodrigues , Laís Pereira Silva , Marcos André Nino Rocha , Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo , Alessandra Estrela-Lima

Mammary neoplasms are common in female dogs, so early diagnosis, appropriate medical intervention, and owner compliance are crucial for effective treatment and an improved quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the spatial epidemiology of mammary tumors in female canines and explore their relationship with owner demographics and attitudes toward pet care. A prospective cohort study was conducted at a University Veterinary Hospital, where clinical data were collected throughout the treatment process. Histopathological evaluations were performed for most patients undergoing mastectomy. The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) methodology was employed to interview owners before and after clinical examinations of their dogs presenting with mammary lesions. Spatial analysis was conducted using QGIS software to assess clinical findings, survival rates, and owners’ demographic and socioeconomic information. In the study, a total of 66 tumors were identified in 66 female dogs. The results indicated that unspayed, mixed-breed females, with an average age of 10 years, were the most affected, with 95 % of tumors classified as malignant. The mean delay between owner detection and veterinary consultation was 210 days. Regarding socioeconomic factors, 35 % of owners earned the minimum wage, while only 9 % earned more than six times the minimum wage. Concerning educational attainment, 52 % of participants had completed secondary education, and 35 % held a university degree. The findings demonstrated that income and education levels significantly influenced treatment adherence. Female owners, who comprised 66 % of respondents, exhibited greater knowledge of cancer risk factors and were more proactive in seeking veterinary care. Additionally, greater distance from the Veterinary University Hospital was associated with larger tumor size, higher malignancy rates, and longer detection times, highlighting the importance of targeted educational initiatives to promote early detection and treatment of mammary neoplasms in female dogs.

乳腺肿瘤在母狗中很常见，因此早期诊断、适当的医疗干预和主人的依从对于有效治疗和改善生活质量至关重要。本研究旨在探讨雌性犬乳腺肿瘤的空间流行病学特征，并探讨其与饲主人口统计学特征和宠物护理态度的关系。在一所大学兽医医院进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，在整个治疗过程中收集临床数据。对大多数接受乳房切除术的患者进行了组织病理学评估。采用知识、态度和实践（KAP）方法，在狗狗出现乳腺病变的临床检查前后对其主人进行访谈。使用QGIS软件进行空间分析，以评估临床表现、生存率以及业主的人口统计学和社会经济信息。在这项研究中，66只雌性狗共发现了66个肿瘤。结果表明，平均年龄为10岁的未阉割的杂交雌性受影响最大，95% %的肿瘤被归类为恶性肿瘤。从主人发现到兽医咨询的平均延迟时间为210天。在社会经济因素方面，35% %的业主赚取最低工资，而只有9% %的业主赚取超过最低工资的六倍。在教育程度方面，52% %的参与者完成了中等教育，35% %的参与者拥有大学学位。研究结果表明，收入和教育水平显著影响治疗依从性。女性饲主占受访者的66% %，她们对癌症风险因素的了解程度更高，也更积极主动地寻求兽医护理。此外，距离兽医大学医院越远，肿瘤大小越大，恶性肿瘤发病率越高，检测时间越长，这突出了有针对性的教育举措的重要性，以促进雌性犬乳腺肿瘤的早期发现和治疗。

{"title":"Impact of owners’ perception and socioeconomic status on the treatment and clinical outcome of mammary neoplasms in female dogs","authors":"Vanessa Bonfim da Silva , Patrícia Lustosa Brito , Ricardo Lustosa Brito , João Moreira da Costa-Neto , Lorena Gabriela Rocha Ribeiro , Manuela da Silva Solcà , Gabriel Menezes Rodrigues , Laís Pereira Silva , Marcos André Nino Rocha , Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo , Alessandra Estrela-Lima","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mammary neoplasms are common in female dogs, so early diagnosis, appropriate medical intervention, and owner compliance are crucial for effective treatment and an improved quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the spatial epidemiology of mammary tumors in female canines and explore their relationship with owner demographics and attitudes toward pet care. A prospective cohort study was conducted at a University Veterinary Hospital, where clinical data were collected throughout the treatment process. Histopathological evaluations were performed for most patients undergoing mastectomy. The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) methodology was employed to interview owners before and after clinical examinations of their dogs presenting with mammary lesions. Spatial analysis was conducted using QGIS software to assess clinical findings, survival rates, and owners’ demographic and socioeconomic information. In the study, a total of 66 tumors were identified in 66 female dogs. The results indicated that unspayed, mixed-breed females, with an average age of 10 years, were the most affected, with 95 % of tumors classified as malignant. The mean delay between owner detection and veterinary consultation was 210 days. Regarding socioeconomic factors, 35 % of owners earned the minimum wage, while only 9 % earned more than six times the minimum wage. Concerning educational attainment, 52 % of participants had completed secondary education, and 35 % held a university degree. The findings demonstrated that income and education levels significantly influenced treatment adherence. Female owners, who comprised 66 % of respondents, exhibited greater knowledge of cancer risk factors and were more proactive in seeking veterinary care. Additionally, greater distance from the Veterinary University Hospital was associated with larger tumor size, higher malignancy rates, and longer detection times, highlighting the importance of targeted educational initiatives to promote early detection and treatment of mammary neoplasms in female dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence-enhanced walk-over-weighing system for real-time livestock weight monitoring: A novel approach for precision farming 用于牲畜体重实时监测的人工智能增强步行称重系统：一种精准农业的新方法。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106673

İsmail Kırbaş

Accurate and consistent livestock weight monitoring is a cornerstone of modern precision farming, yet conventional methods remain labor-intensive, induce animal stress, and provide infrequent data. While automated systems have emerged, they often lack the intelligence to translate weight data into actionable health insights. This study introduces and validates a novel Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enhanced Walk-Over-Weighing (WoW) system designed to overcome these limitations through real-time, autonomous monitoring.

The system integrates a stress-free platform with high-precision load cells, RFID for individual animal identification, and dual ESP32 modules for robust data processing. Its core innovation lies in a dual AI framework: a Random Forest regression model was developed for precise weight prediction under dynamic conditions, while a One-Class Support Vector Machine (SVM) was implemented for unsupervised anomaly detection. The integrated system was validated on a herd of 90 dairy cows (Holstein and Simmental), with its performance evaluated against static reference measurements.

The results demonstrated exceptional performance. The weight prediction model achieved a coefficient of determination (R²) greater than 0.98 and a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) below 0.5 %, signifying high accuracy and reliability even with animal movement. Furthermore, the anomaly detection model proved effective at identifying simulated health events, achieving a classification accuracy of 0.95.

Crucially, these findings establish that the WoW system transcends simple measurement, functioning as a proactive, non-invasive health monitoring tool. By identifying subtle deviations from expected growth patterns, the platform enables the early detection of potential health issues, thereby enhancing animal welfare, reducing economic losses, and promoting more sustainable, data-driven farming practices.

准确和一致的牲畜体重监测是现代精准农业的基石，但传统方法仍然是劳动密集型的，会引起动物压力，并且提供的数据不频繁。虽然自动化系统已经出现，但它们往往缺乏将体重数据转化为可操作的健康见解的智能。本研究介绍并验证了一种新型的人工智能（AI）增强行走称重（WoW）系统，该系统旨在通过实时、自主监测来克服这些限制。该系统集成了一个无压力平台，带有高精度称重传感器，用于个体动物识别的RFID，以及用于稳健数据处理的双ESP32模块。其核心创新在于双AI框架：开发了随机森林回归模型，用于动态条件下的精确权值预测，实现了一类支持向量机（One-Class Support Vector Machine， SVM），用于无监督异常检测。该综合系统在90头奶牛（荷斯坦和西门塔尔）上进行了验证，并根据静态参考测量对其性能进行了评估。结果显示了卓越的性能。体重预测模型的决定系数（R²）大于0.98，平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）小于0.5 %，即使在动物运动的情况下也具有较高的准确性和可靠性。此外，异常检测模型在识别模拟健康事件方面被证明是有效的，达到了0.95的分类精度。至关重要的是，这些发现表明，WoW系统超越了简单的测量，可以作为一种主动的、非侵入性的健康监测工具。通过识别与预期增长模式的细微偏差，该平台能够及早发现潜在的健康问题，从而提高动物福利，减少经济损失，并促进更可持续的、数据驱动的农业做法。

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-enhanced walk-over-weighing system for real-time livestock weight monitoring: A novel approach for precision farming","authors":"İsmail Kırbaş","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and consistent livestock weight monitoring is a cornerstone of modern precision farming, yet conventional methods remain labor-intensive, induce animal stress, and provide infrequent data. While automated systems have emerged, they often lack the intelligence to translate weight data into actionable health insights. This study introduces and validates a novel Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enhanced Walk-Over-Weighing (WoW) system designed to overcome these limitations through real-time, autonomous monitoring.</div><div>The system integrates a stress-free platform with high-precision load cells, RFID for individual animal identification, and dual ESP32 modules for robust data processing. Its core innovation lies in a dual AI framework: a Random Forest regression model was developed for precise weight prediction under dynamic conditions, while a One-Class Support Vector Machine (SVM) was implemented for unsupervised anomaly detection. The integrated system was validated on a herd of 90 dairy cows (Holstein and Simmental), with its performance evaluated against static reference measurements.</div><div>The results demonstrated exceptional performance. The weight prediction model achieved a coefficient of determination (R²) greater than 0.98 and a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) below 0.5 %, signifying high accuracy and reliability even with animal movement. Furthermore, the anomaly detection model proved effective at identifying simulated health events, achieving a classification accuracy of 0.95.</div><div>Crucially, these findings establish that the WoW system transcends simple measurement, functioning as a proactive, non-invasive health monitoring tool. By identifying subtle deviations from expected growth patterns, the platform enables the early detection of potential health issues, thereby enhancing animal welfare, reducing economic losses, and promoting more sustainable, data-driven farming practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The costs of the diagnosis and treatment of canine coccidioidomycosis in endemic regions, USA, 2022 美国流行地区犬球虫菌病的诊断和治疗费用，2022

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106660

Christine D. Butkiewicz , Jane E. Sykes , Simon K. Camponuri , Amanda K. Weaver , Lisa F. Shubitz

Coccidioidomycosis (“Valley fever”) is a fungal disease that causes a wide range of illness severity in animals and people. Here, we use U.S. Census data, surveys of pet ownership demographics, and results of a nation-wide dog serologic study to estimate the financial burden of the disease to dog owners. We estimate that the one-year cost of diagnosis and treatment for uncomplicated pulmonary coccidioidomycosis in dogs across 6 endemic southwestern U.S. states ranged from $60,117,875 to $74,858,713 before adjusting for inflation. The financial burden to dog owners for uncomplicated illness was 9–11 % of discretionary income during the first year of diagnosis and treatment. Adjusting for inflation from 2019 to 2022, the year of our coccidioidomycosis incidence data, the costs increase to $73,944,986 to $92,076,217 annually. In 2025 this increases further to $90,176,812 to $112,288,070. Though there is a lack of specific case numbers of disseminated or complicated coccidioidomycosis, the cost of care for dogs that require emergency care, advanced diagnostics, surgery, and second and third line drugs is higher, putting greater financial strain on dog owners.

球孢子菌病（“谷热”）是一种真菌疾病，可在动物和人类中引起各种严重疾病。在这里，我们使用美国人口普查数据、宠物主人人口统计调查和全国狗血清学研究的结果来估计疾病对狗主人的经济负担。我们估计，在通货膨胀调整之前，美国西南部6个州的犬类无并发症肺球虫菌病的一年诊断和治疗费用为60,117,875至74,858,713美元。在诊断和治疗的第一年，狗主人的经济负担为可自由支配收入的9 - 11% %。调整2019年至2022年的通货膨胀率，即我们的球虫菌病发病率数据的年份，成本每年增加到73,944,986美元至92,0076,217美元。到2025年，这一数字将进一步增至90,176,812美元至112,288,070美元。虽然传播性或复杂性球孢子菌病缺乏具体病例数，但需要紧急护理、先进诊断、手术和二线和三线药物的狗的护理费用较高，给狗主人带来了更大的经济压力。

{"title":"The costs of the diagnosis and treatment of canine coccidioidomycosis in endemic regions, USA, 2022","authors":"Christine D. Butkiewicz , Jane E. Sykes , Simon K. Camponuri , Amanda K. Weaver , Lisa F. Shubitz","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coccidioidomycosis (“Valley fever”) is a fungal disease that causes a wide range of illness severity in animals and people. Here, we use U.S. Census data, surveys of pet ownership demographics, and results of a nation-wide dog serologic study to estimate the financial burden of the disease to dog owners. We estimate that the one-year cost of diagnosis and treatment for uncomplicated pulmonary coccidioidomycosis in dogs across 6 endemic southwestern U.S. states ranged from $60,117,875 to $74,858,713 before adjusting for inflation. The financial burden to dog owners for uncomplicated illness was 9–11 % of discretionary income during the first year of diagnosis and treatment. Adjusting for inflation from 2019 to 2022, the year of our coccidioidomycosis incidence data, the costs increase to $73,944,986 to $92,076,217 annually. In 2025 this increases further to $90,176,812 to $112,288,070. Though there is a lack of specific case numbers of disseminated or complicated coccidioidomycosis, the cost of care for dogs that require emergency care, advanced diagnostics, surgery, and second and third line drugs is higher, putting greater financial strain on dog owners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 106660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0