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Understanding biosecurity and emergency animal disease preparedness of those involved in the management of pigs in New South Wales, Australia 了解澳大利亚新南威尔士州生猪管理人员的生物安全和应急动物疾病准备
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106737
M. Hernandez-Jover , N. Schembri , L. Hayes , J. Manyweathers , V.J. Brookes
Appropriate on-farm implementation of biosecurity and animal health practices is crucial for the prevention of disease introduction, early disease detection, and emergency animal disease (EAD) preparedness. For the pig industry in Australia, this is particularly important given the increasing risk of African swine fever (ASF) due to ongoing outbreaks in neighbouring regions. This study investigated attitudes and behaviours of pig owners and producers from New South Wales (NSW), Australia, around farm biosecurity, to identify gaps and barriers in biosecurity knowledge and implementation, and best strategies to improve biosecurity engagement. The study focused on those owning or producing pigs for purposes other than large scale commercial pig production as this sector of the industry are likely to have a lower engagement with biosecurity than commercial producers. A cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire and qualitative interviews were used to gather information on biosecurity knowledge, behaviour and attitudes, including ASF preparedness. A total of 186 usable survey responses were obtained from Australian pig owners and producers, with fourteen interviews conducted. Based on their self-reported reason for keeping pigs, most survey respondents described keeping pigs for home consumption or as pets. Biosecurity engagement and a score based on biosecurity practices were significantly higher (suggesting greater biosecurity) amongst respondents who kept pigs for commercial or semi-commercial reasons, than those keeping pigs for non-commercial reasons. Most respondents (89.2 %) were aware of biosecurity planning; however, only 30.7 % had a written plan. The main barrier to developing a plan was the perception of already having good practices in place. Engagement with biosecurity practices such as isolating incoming animals and visitor biosecurity, was low. Despite most reporting a high level of ASF concern, awareness of this disease was low. The interviews, while highlighting a disconnect between non-commercial producers and industry, also demonstrated a desire by participants to increase their level of knowledge and improve biosecurity practices across all groups. There was still, however, some reluctance to adopt practices for which the direct benefit was less evident. This study demonstrates a need to improve engagement with biosecurity practices and increase awareness of emergency animal diseases among pig producers in NSW, especially those who do not keep pigs commercially or semi-commercially, with wider ramifications for the Australian pig industry and to inform understanding of a holistic approach to the interactions between larger scale producers and smallholders globally.
在农场适当实施生物安全和动物卫生做法对于预防疾病传入、早期发现疾病和应急动物疾病(EAD)防范至关重要。对于澳大利亚的养猪业来说,鉴于邻近地区持续爆发的非洲猪瘟(ASF)风险日益增加,这一点尤为重要。本研究调查了澳大利亚新南威尔士州(NSW)养猪户和生产者在农场生物安全方面的态度和行为,以确定生物安全知识和实施方面的差距和障碍,以及改善生物安全参与的最佳战略。这项研究的重点是那些养猪或养猪不是为了大规模商业生猪生产的人,因为该行业的这一部门与商业生产者相比,对生物安全的参与度可能较低。采用在线问卷和定性访谈的横断面调查收集了有关生物安全知识、行为和态度的信息,包括非洲猪瘟的防范。从澳大利亚养猪户和生产者那里获得了总共186份可用的调查回复,进行了14次访谈。根据他们自述的养猪原因,大多数调查受访者称养猪是为了家庭消费或作为宠物。在出于商业或半商业原因养猪的受访者中,生物安全参与度和基于生物安全实践的得分明显高于出于非商业原因养猪的受访者(表明生物安全性更高)。大多数受访者(89.2% %)了解生物安全规划;然而,只有30.7% %有书面计划。制定计划的主要障碍是认为已经有了适当的良好实践。参与隔离入境动物和游客生物安全等生物安全措施的程度较低。尽管大多数报告高度关注非洲猪瘟,但对这种疾病的认识很低。这些访谈虽然突出了非商业生产者与工业之间的脱节,但也表明了参与者希望提高他们的知识水平并改善所有群体的生物安全实践。但是,仍然有一些人不愿意采用直接效益不太明显的做法。这项研究表明,有必要提高新南威尔士州养猪生产者对生物安全实践的参与程度,提高对紧急动物疾病的认识,特别是那些不以商业或半商业方式养猪的养猪生产者,这对澳大利亚养猪业产生了更广泛的影响,并为理解全球规模较大的养猪生产者和小农户之间的互动提供了全面的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Biosecurity in dairy calf production: A scoping review 奶牛生产中的生物安全:范围综述
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106697
B. Alexander Fonseca Martinez , Alejandra Arevalo Mayorga , Jessica Page , Greg Habing
Infectious diseases pose a persistent threat across all stages of the dairy production chain, with calf rearing being particularly vulnerable due to the calves' immature immune systems. Effective biosecurity measures are crucial in mitigating the risk of pathogen introduction and spread among calves. The recent influenza outbreak in U.S. dairy herds underscores the need to evaluate biosecurity practices employed in calf rearing. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of reported biosecurity practices and the knowledge and attitudes of calf producers on biosecurity. By identifying existing gaps and areas where further research is essential, the review seeks to enhance biosecurity protocols, ultimately reducing the risk of infectious disease transmission and improving the overall health and productivity of dairy calves. Peer-reviewed studies that reported on biosecurity practices or assessed the knowledge and attitudes of producers in intensive farming systems were included. Out of 983 identified citations, 49 studies were included, mainly from the U.S., Canada, Australia, and Ireland, with a focus on Holstein calves. Internal biosecurity measures, such as calf housing and colostrum management, were widely studied, while external practices, such as isolation and quarantine of new animals, pest control, and sanitization of incoming vehicles and equipment, were underrepresented. To a lesser extent, the attitudes and knowledge of producers regarding biosecurity practices were also explored, highlighting the importance of early care practices. This review emphasizes the significant variability in how biosecurity practices are reported in dairy calf production studies, with only 23 % explicitly identifying practices as biosecurity measures. Prior studies focus predominantly on internal biosecurity measures, particularly during the pre-weaning period, underscores their critical role in calf health. This review supports a need for standardized frameworks for reporting biosecurity practices and more research into producers' attitudes and knowledge to enhance biosecurity implementation and calf health.
传染病在乳制品生产链的各个阶段都构成持续的威胁,由于小牛的免疫系统不成熟,饲养小牛尤其容易受到伤害。有效的生物安全措施对于减轻病原体在小牛之间传入和传播的风险至关重要。最近在美国奶牛群中爆发的流感强调了评估小牛饲养中采用的生物安全措施的必要性。这一范围审查的目的是提供报告的生物安全实践和小牛生产者对生物安全的知识和态度的全面概述。通过确定现有的差距和需要进一步研究的领域,该审查力求加强生物安全协议,最终减少传染病传播的风险,并改善奶牛的整体健康和生产力。报告了生物安全实践或评估了集约化农业系统中生产者的知识和态度的同行评议研究也包括在内。在983条已确定的引文中,包括49项研究,主要来自美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和爱尔兰,重点是荷斯坦小牛。内部生物安全措施,如小牛住房和初乳管理,得到了广泛的研究,而外部做法,如新动物的隔离和检疫、虫害防治以及入境车辆和设备的卫生处理,则没有得到充分的研究。在较小程度上,还探讨了生产者对生物安全做法的态度和知识,强调了早期护理做法的重要性。这篇综述强调了在奶牛生产研究中如何报告生物安全措施的显著差异,只有23% %明确将实践确定为生物安全措施。先前的研究主要集中在内部生物安全措施,特别是在断奶前阶段,强调了它们对小牛健康的关键作用。这一综述支持有必要建立标准化的生物安全实践报告框架,并对生产者的态度和知识进行更多的研究,以加强生物安全实施和小牛健康。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative assessment of biosecurity practices in conventional broiler farms in Punjab, Pakistan 巴基斯坦旁遮普省传统肉鸡养殖场生物安全措施的定量评估
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106736
Qamer Mahmood , Ilias Chantziaras , Shafique Ur Rehman , Mudassar Nazar , Jeroen Dewulf
Biosecurity is the basis for animal disease prevention and a key factor in achieving a sustainable poultry production, particularly in Pakistan's rapidly expanding broiler industry. However, the extent of on-farm biosecurity implementation remains largely unquantified, making it essential to conduct an objective assessment to guide targeted interventions. To address this gap, this study evaluated biosecurity practices on 100 conventional broiler farms in Punjab, Pakistan, using the Biocheck.UGent scoring tool. The resulting biosecurity scores were then analyzed in relation to key farm management practices and antimicrobial use (AMU). Biosecurity practices varied across farms with overall scores ranging from 30 % to 75 % (mean: 49 %). External biosecurity was weaker (27 %–76 %, mean: 44 %) than internal biosecurity (34 %–83 %, mean: 55 %). Highly implemented external measures included farm location (scores 73 %) and infrastructure (scores 72 %), while manure and carcass removal (scores 9 %) were poorly implemented. Internal biosecurity showed strengths in disease management (scores 76 %) but weaknesses in cleaning and disinfection (scores 47 %). Overall biosecurity scores correlated positively with farm manager experience (ρ = 0.39, p = 0.01) and farm size (ρ = 0.21, p = 0.04), indicating stronger biosecurity on farms with experienced personnel and larger teams. A negative correlation was found between AMU and overall biosecurity (r = -0.20, p = 0.04), external biosecurity (r = -0.20, p = 0.04), and internal biosecurity (r = -0.15, p = 0.12), suggesting that in farms with better biosecurity less antimicrobials are used. These findings highlight that biosecurity in Pakistan’s broiler sector requires major improvements, particularly in areas such as manure and carcass disposal, cleaning and disinfection, and depopulation of broilers. Strengthening these specific measures will help enhance farm productivity, improve disease prevention, and reduce reliance on antimicrobials.
生物安全是动物疾病预防的基础,也是实现可持续家禽生产的关键因素,特别是在巴基斯坦迅速发展的肉鸡业中。然而,农场生物安全实施的程度在很大程度上仍未量化,因此必须进行客观评估以指导有针对性的干预措施。为了解决这一差距,本研究利用Biocheck对巴基斯坦旁遮普省100个传统肉鸡养殖场的生物安全做法进行了评估。UGent评分工具。然后分析所得的生物安全得分与关键农场管理实践和抗菌药物使用(AMU)的关系。各个农场的生物安全措施各不相同,总体得分从30 %到75 %不等(平均值:49 %)。外部生物安全性(27 % ~ 76 %,平均值:44 %)弱于内部生物安全性(34 % ~ 83 %,平均值:55 %)。高度执行的外部措施包括农场位置(得分73 %)和基础设施(得分72 %),而粪便和胴体清除(得分9 %)执行不力。内部生物安全在疾病管理方面表现出优势(得分76 %),但在清洁和消毒方面表现出劣势(得分47 %)。总体生物安全得分与农场管理者经验(ρ = 0.39, p = 0.01)和农场规模(ρ = 0.21, p = 0.04)呈正相关,表明经验丰富的人员和更大的团队的农场生物安全更强。阿姆河和整体之间的负相关被发现生物安全(r = -0.20,p = 0.04),外部生物安全(r = -0.20,p = 0.04),和内部生物安全(r = -0.15,p = 0.12),表明在农场更好的生物安全更少使用抗菌素。这些发现突出表明,巴基斯坦肉鸡行业的生物安全需要重大改进,特别是在粪肥和胴体处理、清洁和消毒以及肉鸡种群减少等领域。加强这些具体措施将有助于提高农业生产力,改善疾病预防,减少对抗微生物药物的依赖。
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引用次数: 0
Views from chief veterinary officers about decision making during animal health emergencies: A qualitative analysis 首席兽医官对突发动物卫生事件决策的看法:定性分析
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106721
Yrjö T. Gröhn , Guillaume Lhermie , Dirk Pfeiffer , Gregorio Torres , Elizabeth L. Fox , Julia A. Hertl
This study’s objectives were to investigate how delegates of the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), particularly chief veterinary officers (CVOs), make decisions requiring immediate action, having national/international impacts on animal health and welfare and/or human health, and how the process creates new policies and practices. We interviewed 33 CVOs from 6 continents, on their background, jurisdiction, institutional structures, and decision-making processes, including types of decisions made, who they consulted, information used (and wished they knew), political, public and other influences, and resultant policy changes. The CVOs also discussed surprising and challenging phenomena, and what they learned. Qualitative analysis was conducted on interview transcriptions. Most CVOs had similar decision-making processes. They followed established protocols and national legislation aligned with WOAH international standards, relying on multidisciplinary teams of experts in science, economics, policy, and law, and those with knowledge of local field conditions, for guidance. Insufficient information and conflict between scientific evidence and political/economic pressure were common themes. Although stressful, most CVOs were committed to their work and felt they made valuable contributions towards both animal and human health. The findings suggest that regardless of background or specific geographical context, CVOs follow established protocols and need to have the ability to make informed subjective judgements as part of their decision making. Thus, CVO qualifications include subject matter knowledge and specific leadership qualities, which need to be considered when making CVO appointments. Presently, veterinarians receive inadequate training on integrating evidence and other factors to make informed, 'good' decisions. This study’s findings should be considered when developing the educational programs for veterinary students and established practitioners.
本研究的目的是调查世界动物卫生组织(WOAH)的代表,特别是首席兽医官(CVOs)如何做出需要立即采取行动的决定,对动物健康和福利和/或人类健康产生国家/国际影响,以及该过程如何制定新的政策和做法。我们采访了来自六大洲的33个非政府组织,了解他们的背景、管辖权、机构结构和决策过程,包括所做决定的类型、他们咨询的人、使用的信息(以及他们希望知道的信息)、政治、公众和其他影响,以及由此产生的政策变化。CVOs还讨论了令人惊讶和具有挑战性的现象,以及他们学到的东西。对访谈笔录进行定性分析。大多数cvo都有类似的决策过程。他们遵循与世界卫生组织国际标准一致的既定协议和国家立法,依靠科学、经济、政策和法律等多学科专家团队以及了解当地实地情况的专家提供指导。信息不足以及科学证据与政治/经济压力之间的冲突是共同的主题。尽管压力很大,但大多数cvo都致力于他们的工作,并认为他们为动物和人类健康做出了宝贵的贡献。研究结果表明,无论背景或特定的地理环境如何,cvo都遵循既定的协议,并且需要有能力做出知情的主观判断,作为其决策的一部分。因此,CVO资格包括主题知识和特定的领导素质,在任命CVO时需要考虑这些。目前,兽医在综合证据和其他因素以做出明智的“好”决定方面接受的培训不足。本研究的结果应在制定兽医学生和从业人员的教育计划时加以考虑。
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引用次数: 0
A cross-sectional study on herd-level risk factors associated with Salmonella Dublin in dairy herds from Québec, Canada 在加拿大quamesbec的奶牛群中与都柏林沙门氏菌相关的群体水平危险因素的横断面研究
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106728
Simon Dufour , Julie Arsenault , Maryse Michèle Um , Gilles Fecteau
Salmonella Dublin is an endemic zoonotic bacteria affecting dairy cattle in Canada and is also recognized as an emerging concern in dairy industries worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of herd-level risk factors on the farm's S. Dublin status. We used an observational cross-sectional study design, where the S. Dublin status of 302 dairy herds from the three main dairy regions in Québec, Canada, was determined using repeated bulk tank milk and individual animal serum samples collected over 6 months. Geographic coordinates and demographic exposures were obtained from the Québec dairy producers association, and management practices were assessed using a questionnaire. Spatial clusters of S. Dublin positive farms were evaluated. The impact of risk factors on odds of S. Dublin was estimated using logistic regression models based on a directed acyclic graph. Associations between the farm’s predictor profile and odds of S. Dublin were also evaluated using dimension reduction coupled with hierarchical clustering techniques. Data from 273 and 196 herds were available for the spatial and risk factors analyses, respectively, and 10 (3.7 %) of the herds met the S. Dublin case definition. We observed a spatial cluster of S. Dublin cases. Farm- (number of dairy farms/km2) and cow-density (number of adult dairy cows/km2), and distance to the nearest dairy farm (in km) were not associated with S. Dublin status. Herds that used practices associated with a higher rate of animal introduction had significantly higher odds of S. Dublin. When considering the farm’s predictors profile, only the dimension representing the herd’s buying and young stock raising habits was associated with the odds of S. Dublin.
都柏林沙门氏菌是一种影响加拿大奶牛的地方性人畜共患细菌,也被认为是全球乳制品行业的新兴问题。本研究的目的是调查畜群水平风险因素对该农场S. Dublin状况的影响。我们采用了一种观察性横断面研究设计,在该研究中,通过重复收集6个多月的散装罐奶和个体动物血清样本,确定了来自加拿大quacimubec三个主要奶牛区的302头奶牛群的S. Dublin状况。从曲海牛奶生产者协会获得了地理坐标和人口暴露情况,并使用问卷对管理做法进行了评估。对S. Dublin阳性农场的空间集群进行了评价。使用基于有向无环图的逻辑回归模型估计危险因素对S. Dublin的几率的影响。利用降维结合分层聚类技术,还评估了农场预测器剖面与都柏林葡萄球菌几率之间的关联。273和196个畜群的数据分别可用于空间和风险因素分析,10个(3.7 %)畜群符合S. Dublin病例定义。我们观察到S. Dublin病例的空间聚集性。农场数量(奶牛场数量/平方公里)和奶牛密度(成年奶牛数量/平方公里)以及到最近的奶牛场的距离(以公里为单位)与S. Dublin状况无关。采用与较高的动物引进率相关的做法的畜群患S. Dublin的几率明显更高。当考虑农场的预测指标时,只有代表畜群购买和幼畜饲养习惯的维度与S. Dublin的几率有关。
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引用次数: 0
An epidemiological study on the prevalence and associated risk factors of infectious bronchitis virus in poultry farms in northern Vietnam 越南北部家禽养殖场传染性支气管炎病毒流行率及相关危险因素的流行病学研究
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106734
Do Duy Hoa , Bui Van Dung , Nguyen Hoai Nam , Nguyen Duc Truong , Nguyen Van Phuong , Dan Ngo The , Tran Thi Duc Tam , Pham Thi Lan Huong , Ha Xuan Bo , Le Van Truong , Le Van Phan , Mai Thi Ngan
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) remains a major respiratory pathogen of economic concern in the poultry industry. This study investigated the farm-level prevalence of IBV and evaluated associated risk factors in northern Vietnam by a cross-sectional study from June 2022 to June 2024. A total of 69 poultry farms were randomly selected across nine provinces, and pooled tracheal swab samples were purposively collected for IBV detection using RT-qPCR. The overall IBV farm-level prevalence was 34.78 % (95 % CI:23.71–47.21 %). Although no statistically significant differences were found across provinces, production types, age groups, or flock sizes, IBV was detected in all subgroups, indicating widespread circulation of the virus. A total of 22 potential risk factors were initially assessed using univariate logistic regression. Of these, six variables with P < 0.1, including farm size, number of poultry houses, presence of multiple age groups, vaccination at day-old, frequency of disinfection before chick placement, and proximity to live bird markets and residential areas, were selected for multivariable logistic regression. The final multivariable model retained two independent predictors: performing more than one disinfection before chick placement (P = 0.035), and administration of a live IB vaccine at one day of age (P = 0.006), both of which were significantly associated with reduced the odds of IBV infection at the farm level. These findings suggest that strategic vaccination and careful calibration of disinfection protocols are critical to minimizing IBV transmission at the farm level.
传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)仍然是家禽业经济关注的主要呼吸道病原体。本研究从2022年6月至2024年6月通过横断面研究调查了越南北部农场水平的IBV患病率,并评估了相关的危险因素。随机选取9个省69个家禽养殖场,有目的地收集气管拭子样本,采用RT-qPCR检测IBV。总体IBV农场水平患病率为34.78 %(95 % CI:23.71 ~ 47.21 %)。虽然在各省、生产类型、年龄组或畜群大小之间没有发现统计学上的显著差异,但在所有亚组中都检测到IBV,表明该病毒广泛传播。采用单变量logistic回归对22个潜在危险因素进行初步评估。其中,有6个变量P
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引用次数: 0
Seroprevalence of Bluetongue serotype 3 and associated risk factors in Dutch sheep: An analysis of the variation of between-and within-farm prevalences following the first epidemic year 荷兰绵羊血清3型蓝舌病的流行率和相关危险因素:第一年流行后农场间和农场内流行率的变化分析
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106699
I.M.G.A. Santman-Berends , E. Dijktra , K.M.J.A. van den Brink , R. van den Brom , N. Fabri , C. ter Bogt-Kappert , M.H. Mars , A.M.B. Veldhuis
In September 2023, bluetongue virus serotype 3 (BTV-3) emerged in the Netherlands. Thousands of sheep farms became infected and over 55 thousand sheep died between September and December 2023. This study aimed to determine the final size of the epidemic after the vector-active season of 2023. To help farmers prepare for possible resurgence in 2024, risk factors were identified that were associated with presence of BTV antibodies at farm level, and if so, the proportion of affected sheep in positive farms. Archived serum samples from adult sheep (N = 387 farms; 13 samples per farm) submitted to Royal GD for monitoring purposes between January and April 2024 (prior to the vector active season of 2024) were selected and tested for presence of BTV-specific antibodies. Farm prevalence, within-farm prevalence in seropositive farms and overall (national) animal level BTV prevalence were calculated from the test results. Additionally, farmers that agreed to participate in the study were surveyed in spring 2024 regarding their farm management in 2023. Multivariable regression analyses with appropriate distributions were conducted to quantify associations between potential risk factors and i) the probability of sheep farms being BTV-seropositive, and if so, ii) the proportion of affected sheep within the farm. For the latter, the apparent within-farm seroprevalence was combined with the mortality recorded at farm level between Sept-Dec 2023, to correct for infected sheep that died in affected farms. Farm-level seroprevalence in sheep was estimated at 47 % (95 % CI: 41–52) and the national animal-level seroprevalence was estimated to be 10 % (95 % CI: 8–13). Within BTV seropositive farms, a median percentage of 15 % (mean 23 %) of sheep tested seropositive. Flocks kept indoors to prevent infection were less frequently seropositive (OR: 0.25, 95 % CI: 0.09–0.67). Within seropositive farms, shearing in summer, between July and September, was associated with a higher proportion of affected sheep compared to shearing in winter months (OR: 2.22, 95 % CI: 1.27–3.86). Although several protective factors were found, they might not fully prevent sheep from becoming infected resulting in seropositivity. Nevertheless, these measures likely offer farmers possible measures to reduce the spread and subsequent impact of BTV-3 in their sheep farms, beyond vaccination.
2023年9月,蓝舌病毒血清型3 (BTV-3)在荷兰出现。2023年9月至12月期间,数千个养羊场被感染,超过5.5万只羊死亡。本研究旨在确定2023年病媒活跃季节后疫情的最终规模。为了帮助农民为2024年可能出现的卷土重来做好准备,确定了与农场水平存在BTV抗体相关的风险因素,如果存在,则确定了阳性农场中受感染绵羊的比例。从2024年1月至4月(2024年病媒介活跃季节之前)提交给皇家GD用于监测目的的成年羊(N = 387个农场,每个农场13个样本)存档的血清样本被选中并检测btv特异性抗体的存在。根据检测结果计算猪场流行率、血清阳性猪场内流行率和总体(全国)动物水平BTV流行率。此外,同意参与研究的农民在2024年春季接受了关于2023年农场管理的调查。采用适当分布的多变量回归分析,量化潜在危险因素与:(1)羊场btv血清阳性的概率,以及(2)羊场内受感染羊的比例之间的关联。对于后者,将农场内的表观血清流行率与2023年9月至12月期间农场水平记录的死亡率相结合,以纠正受影响农场中死亡的受感染绵羊。绵羊的农场水平血清阳性率估计为47 %(95 % CI: 41-52),国家动物水平血清阳性率估计为10 %(95 % CI: 8-13)。在BTV血清检测呈阳性的农场中,绵羊血清检测呈阳性的中位数百分比为15% %(平均为23% %)。为防止感染而在室内饲养的鸡血清阳性较少(OR: 0.25, 95 % CI: 0.09-0.67)。在血清检测呈阳性的农场中,与冬季剪羊毛相比,7月至9月的夏季剪羊毛与较高的受感染羊比例相关(OR: 2.22, 95 % CI: 1.27-3.86)。虽然发现了一些保护性因素,但它们可能不能完全防止绵羊被感染导致血清阳性。然而,除了疫苗接种之外,这些措施可能为农民提供减少BTV-3在其羊场传播及其后续影响的可能措施。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of knowledge on foot and mouth disease in free zones where vaccination is not practiced in Brazil 对巴西未接种疫苗的自由区的口蹄疫知识进行评估
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106712
Érica Lorenza Martins Araújo , Isadora Martins Pinto Coelho , Breno Oliveira Lima Ramos , Lorena Diniz Macedo Silva Maia , Rafael Romero Nicolino
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease. Since 2025, WOAH has internationally recognized Brazil as a free zone where vaccination is not practiced. Brazil employs a syndromic system of passive surveillance, where sensitivity depends on identifying clinical signs in susceptible animals. This research evaluates knowledge about FMD in free zones without vaccination. Brazil's official veterinary service attended 1499 cattle herds, and 98.46 % of respondents claimed to know or have heard of FMD. However, 37.69 % correctly recognized all species susceptible to the virus, and 23.74 % correctly identified the clinical signs of the disease. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) revealed that individuals who did not know or had never heard of FMD were more closely related to dairy cattle farming and non-literate respondents. Failure to recognize all susceptible species was linked to those from Santa Catarina, having completed elementary education, owning herds of up to 10 cattle, and mixed production (dairy and beef). The incorrect identification of all clinical signs was related to respondents aged up to 50 years, those with complete or incomplete senior school education, herds of 51–500 cattle, and residents of Rondônia. There are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding clinical and epidemiological aspects of FMD in free zones without vaccination in Brazil. By identifying sociodemographic profiles and groupings, the official veterinary service can prioritize groups for sanitary education actions and develop programs focused on local socioeconomic characteristics.
口蹄疫是一种高度传染性的病毒性疾病。自2025年以来,世界卫生组织已在国际上承认巴西是一个没有接种疫苗的自由区。巴西采用被动监测综合征系统,其敏感性取决于确定易感动物的临床症状。本研究评估了在没有接种疫苗的自由区对口蹄疫的了解情况。巴西官方兽医服务部门参加了1499个牛群,98.46% 答复者声称知道或听说过口蹄疫。37.69 %正确识别所有易感物种,23.74 %正确识别疾病的临床症状。多重对应分析(MCA)显示,不知道或从未听说过口蹄疫的个体与奶牛养殖的关系更密切。未能识别所有易感物种与来自圣卡塔琳娜的人有关,这些人完成了初等教育,拥有多达10头牛的牛群,并且混合生产(乳制品和牛肉)。所有临床症状的错误识别与年龄在50岁以下、高中学历完成或未完成、51-500头牛的畜群和Rondônia居民有关。在巴西没有接种疫苗的自由区,关于口蹄疫的临床和流行病学方面的知识仍然存在重大差距。通过确定社会人口统计概况和分组,官方兽医服务部门可以优先考虑卫生教育行动的群体,并制定侧重于当地社会经济特征的计划。
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引用次数: 0
Retrospective analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility testing illustrates the problem of resistant Staphylococcus species in cats in the northeastern United States 抗菌药物敏感性试验的回顾性分析说明了美国东北部猫中耐药葡萄球菌物种的问题
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106664
Claudia Cobo-Angel , Cassandra Guarino , Melissa Aprea , Kevin J. Cummings , Casey L. Cazer
Staphylococcus infections are a concern in both human and veterinary medicine due to their zoonotic potential, ability to cause a spectrum of diseases, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study retrospectively analyzed AMR among 1278 Staphylococcus isolates obtained from cats over 15 years, primarily from the northeastern United States. Staphylococcus felis (26 %), Staphylococcus aureus (22 %), and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (15 %) were the predominant species. The most common isolation sites were skin and soft tissue (52 %) and urinary tract (22 %). Resistance to at least one antimicrobial was seen in 54 % of isolates. S. pseudintermedius displayed the lowest proportion of susceptibility overall. Susceptibility was lowest overall to penicillin (48 %), followed by ampicillin (49 %) and erythromycin (62 %), while susceptibility was highest to vancomycin and rifampin (≥99 %). The overall prevalence of multidrug resistance was 19 %, most common among S. pseudintermedius isolates (46 %). Survival models revealed increased minimum inhibitory concentrations for several antimicrobials in 2018–2022 compared to 2008–2012. Compared to coagulase-negative staphylococcal species, S. pseudintermedius had higher MICs for β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, doxycycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. S. felis had the highest susceptibilities and lowest MICs. This study underscores the significance of AMR and MDR in feline medicine and One Health. The findings emphasize the need for vigilant AMR surveillance in veterinary practices and antimicrobial stewardship in companion animal medicine.
葡萄球菌感染由于其人畜共患的潜力、引起一系列疾病的能力和抗菌素耐药性(AMR),在人类和兽医学中都是一个令人关注的问题。本研究回顾性分析了15年来主要来自美国东北部的猫身上分离的1278株葡萄球菌的抗菌素耐药性。优势种为猫科葡萄球菌(26 %)、金黄色葡萄球菌(22 %)和假中间葡萄球菌(15 %)。最常见的分离部位为皮肤和软组织(52% %)和尿道(22% %)。54% %的分离株对至少一种抗菌素耐药。假中间葡萄球菌的总体易感比例最低。总体上对青霉素的敏感性最低(48 %),其次是氨苄西林(49 %)和红霉素(62 %),而对万古霉素和利福平的敏感性最高(≥99 %)。总体多药耐药率为19. %,其中以假中间杆菌菌株最为常见(46. %)。生存模型显示,与2008-2012年相比,2018-2022年几种抗菌素的最低抑制浓度有所增加。与凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌相比,假中间葡萄球菌对β-内酰胺类、氟喹诺酮类、多西环素和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑具有更高的mic。猫链球菌的敏感性最高,mic最低。本研究强调了耐多药耐药性和耐多药耐药性在猫科医学和“同一个健康”中的重要性。研究结果强调了在兽医实践中警惕AMR监测和伴侣动物药物抗菌药物管理的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Exploring canine mast cell tumors: An investigation into demographic characteristics, and grading system analysis from a pathology lab data (2019–2021)” [Prev. Vet. Med. 236 (2025) 106416] 《犬肥大细胞肿瘤的研究:从病理学实验室数据(2019-2021)调查人口统计学特征和分级系统分析》的勘误表兽医。医学杂志。236(2025)106416]。
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106686
J. Catarino , K. Pinello , J. Niza-Ribeiro , J. Santos , R. Payan-Carreira , J. Reis , P. Faísca
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引用次数: 0
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Preventive veterinary medicine
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