Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230507
D. Pravallika, B. D. Rao, .. Seema, D. S. Chary, N. S. Devi
Aim: To understand the millet product features influencing consumers buying behavior and to analyze the market potential for Ready to Eat (RTE) and Ready to Cook (RTC) millet-based products in Hyderabad. Original Research Article Pravallika et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 147-155, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64081 148 Study Design: Experimental Design. Place and Duration of Study: 6 months, Hyderabad. Methodology: It attained the objective of analyzing market potential of millets (RTE and RTC) and also to determine the product features influencing consumer buying behavior, for which 120 consumers and 30 dealers of millets were interviewed through structured questionnaires. The results revealed that the majority of the sampled consumers are already acquainted with the consumption of finger millet, sorghum and pearl millet mostly during the Breakfast, Dinner and Lunch hours. Frequency of consumption was found to be more as both RTE and RTC forms, (46%), followed by staple grains (29%), only RTC (13%) and RTE (12%). Among all the influencing factors ‘price’ holds first rank followed by taste (second), brand(third), promotional offers(fourth) and packaging(fifth). Application of one sample t-test was done which presents that the average monthly expenses on millets were ≥ Rs.250. From the dealers’ data, it was revealed that the average price per unit for RTE is Rs.90 for the sampled millet products which were higher than that of RTC, (Rs.79.06) and grain form (Rs.77.77). By conducting a comparative analysis between the annual expenses of the consumer sample and the annual sales of the dealer sample it was found that the market has a huge potential which can still be penetrated and explored to build a lucrative market for millets in future.
目的:了解影响消费者购买行为的小米产品特征，并分析海德拉巴即食(RTE)和即食(RTC)小米产品的市场潜力。Pravallika et al.;生物工程学报，38(12):147-155,2020;文章no.AJAEES。64081 148研究设计:实验设计。学习地点和时间:6个月，海德拉巴。方法:以分析小米的市场潜力(RTE和RTC)和确定影响消费者购买行为的产品特征为目的，通过结构化问卷对120名小米消费者和30家小米经销商进行访谈。调查结果显示，大部分受访消费者已熟悉五指粟、高粱粟及珍珠粟的食用情况，主要是在早、晚餐及午餐时段食用。食用RTE和RTE的频率都较高(46%)，其次是主食(29%)，只有RTC(13%)和RTE(12%)。在所有影响因素中，“价格”排在第一位，其次是口味(第二)、品牌(第三)、促销优惠(第四)和包装(第五)。应用单样本t检验表明，小米的平均月支出≥Rs.250。经销商的数据显示，抽样小米产品的RTE平均价格为每单位90卢比，高于RTC(79.06卢比)和籽粒形式(77.77卢比)。通过对消费者样本的年费用和经销商样本的年销售额进行对比分析，发现市场潜力巨大，仍然可以被渗透和挖掘，为小米未来建立一个有利可图的市场。
{"title":"Market Strategies for Promotion of Millets: A Critical Analysis on Assessment of Market Potential of Ready to Eat (RTE) and Ready to Cook (RTC) Millet Based Products in Hyderabad","authors":"D. Pravallika, B. D. Rao, .. Seema, D. S. Chary, N. S. Devi","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230507","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To understand the millet product features influencing consumers buying behavior and to analyze the market potential for Ready to Eat (RTE) and Ready to Cook (RTC) millet-based products in Hyderabad. Original Research Article Pravallika et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 147-155, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64081 148 Study Design: Experimental Design. Place and Duration of Study: 6 months, Hyderabad. Methodology: It attained the objective of analyzing market potential of millets (RTE and RTC) and also to determine the product features influencing consumer buying behavior, for which 120 consumers and 30 dealers of millets were interviewed through structured questionnaires. The results revealed that the majority of the sampled consumers are already acquainted with the consumption of finger millet, sorghum and pearl millet mostly during the Breakfast, Dinner and Lunch hours. Frequency of consumption was found to be more as both RTE and RTC forms, (46%), followed by staple grains (29%), only RTC (13%) and RTE (12%). Among all the influencing factors ‘price’ holds first rank followed by taste (second), brand(third), promotional offers(fourth) and packaging(fifth). Application of one sample t-test was done which presents that the average monthly expenses on millets were ≥ Rs.250. From the dealers’ data, it was revealed that the average price per unit for RTE is Rs.90 for the sampled millet products which were higher than that of RTC, (Rs.79.06) and grain form (Rs.77.77). By conducting a comparative analysis between the annual expenses of the consumer sample and the annual sales of the dealer sample it was found that the market has a huge potential which can still be penetrated and explored to build a lucrative market for millets in future.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129549526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130478
A. Yani, Achmad Rizal, I. Gumilar, L. P. Dewanti
The research of inequality budget level analysis in Indramayu Regency has been carried out in April 2019 until September 2020 This study aims to determine the level of budget and analyze the level of inequality in Juntinyuat, Indramayu Regency based on characteristics of Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in 2017. The method used in this research is qualitative and quantitative method. Information and data are collected by primary and secondary data that obtained by questionnaire and from relevant agencies. Processing data used the Williamson Index analysis and the Klassen Typology. The results showed that the average budget per capita of the region in Indramayu Regency has reached Rp. 15.311.000, and the results of the Gini ratio analysist has been in the high level because it was higher than 0.5 and the results of the development analysis patterns in Indramayu Regency was in 4 quadrants. It was different in each district. Juntinyuat and Karangampel sub-districts are in I quadrant, Balongan sub-district as in II quadrant, Kedokanbunder sub-district as in III quadrant and Krangkeng sub-district as in IV quadrant. Data Article Yani et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 278-285, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63485 279
{"title":"Disparity Analysis Fisherman Income of Payang and Trammel Net Fisherman in Kecamatan Juntinyuat, Indramayu Regency","authors":"A. Yani, Achmad Rizal, I. Gumilar, L. P. Dewanti","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130478","url":null,"abstract":"The research of inequality budget level analysis in Indramayu Regency has been carried out in April 2019 until September 2020 This study aims to determine the level of budget and analyze the level of inequality in Juntinyuat, Indramayu Regency based on characteristics of Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in 2017. The method used in this research is qualitative and quantitative method. Information and data are collected by primary and secondary data that obtained by questionnaire and from relevant agencies. Processing data used the Williamson Index analysis and the Klassen Typology. The results showed that the average budget per capita of the region in Indramayu Regency has reached Rp. 15.311.000, and the results of the Gini ratio analysist has been in the high level because it was higher than 0.5 and the results of the development analysis patterns in Indramayu Regency was in 4 quadrants. It was different in each district. Juntinyuat and Karangampel sub-districts are in I quadrant, Balongan sub-district as in II quadrant, Kedokanbunder sub-district as in III quadrant and Krangkeng sub-district as in IV quadrant. Data Article Yani et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 278-285, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63485 279","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134063781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130466
R. Sravyasree, P. Radhika, Seema, D. S. Chary
The tribes in India usually depend on collection and sale of agricultural and forests products for their need and source of income especially for those residing close to and in the forest fringe villages. Hence, this study was conducted to document the forest products collected by the people with the aim of contributing knowledge that could help increase the business potential of these forest products. The study employed simple random sampling technique for selection of sixty (60) respondents from the three tribal groups of Koya, Kondareddie and Lambada. Primary data were collected from 20 tribals from each tribal group and the secondary data was collected from sources like Tribal Welfare department, websites, journals, research papers, tribal stores records and books. The result revealed that majority of the forest products were collected by Koya and Kondareddie tribal groups. The products include amla, bamboo, honey, mahua flowers, tamarind and tendu leaves. These groups are also involved in making of bamboo baskets. On the other hand, Amla, tamarind and honey were collected by Lambada group as they are seen to be shifting Original Research Article Sravyasree et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 180-188, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63499 181 towards other occupations. From the 216 family members of 60 tribal respondents, about 91 members were involved in collection of forest products. Majority (53%) of the people spend 50 100 days in collecting forest produce and around 42% spent 5-8 hours per day. In addition, about 28% each spent 1 4 hours and 9 12 hours for collection of forest produce in a day. The study also found that all the collected forest products by the tribals in the study area can be further processed to add value and enhance price. The price difference in raw and value added products ranged from 30%to as high as 1593%.
{"title":"Mapping of Tribal Products and Assessing the Business Potential in Bhadradri Kothagudem, Telangana","authors":"R. Sravyasree, P. Radhika, Seema, D. S. Chary","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130466","url":null,"abstract":"The tribes in India usually depend on collection and sale of agricultural and forests products for their need and source of income especially for those residing close to and in the forest fringe villages. Hence, this study was conducted to document the forest products collected by the people with the aim of contributing knowledge that could help increase the business potential of these forest products. The study employed simple random sampling technique for selection of sixty (60) respondents from the three tribal groups of Koya, Kondareddie and Lambada. Primary data were collected from 20 tribals from each tribal group and the secondary data was collected from sources like Tribal Welfare department, websites, journals, research papers, tribal stores records and books. The result revealed that majority of the forest products were collected by Koya and Kondareddie tribal groups. The products include amla, bamboo, honey, mahua flowers, tamarind and tendu leaves. These groups are also involved in making of bamboo baskets. On the other hand, Amla, tamarind and honey were collected by Lambada group as they are seen to be shifting Original Research Article Sravyasree et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 180-188, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63499 181 towards other occupations. From the 216 family members of 60 tribal respondents, about 91 members were involved in collection of forest products. Majority (53%) of the people spend 50 100 days in collecting forest produce and around 42% spent 5-8 hours per day. In addition, about 28% each spent 1 4 hours and 9 12 hours for collection of forest produce in a day. The study also found that all the collected forest products by the tribals in the study area can be further processed to add value and enhance price. The price difference in raw and value added products ranged from 30%to as high as 1593%.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117050837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130460
G. Chaitra, N. Gowda, Y. Shivalingaiah
India is facing the problem of food insecurity since independence. The Government has taken several measures to overcome this, still there was no maximum change that has taken place in the status of country’s food security. For the growing population the country has to produce more and more year after year. To make this possible the government announced National Food Security Mission Scheme to enhance the productivity of crops and income of the farmers through various crop based interventions. The present study on constraints faced by beneficiary farmers of NFSM in adopting NFSM interventions was undertaken in Belagavi and Haveri districts of Karnataka State Original Research Article Chaitra et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 114-118, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63375 115 with sample size of 180 beneficiaries from different components of NFSM viz., NFSM – Rice, NFSM – Pulse and NFSM – Coarse Cereals. Expost facto research design of social research was used in the present investigation. The major constraints faced by the beneficiary farmers in adopting NFSM interventions among the beneficiary farmers of Belagavi district were, lesser amount of subsidy (in Rs), limited number of demonstrations and subsidy paid after purchase while an initial payment remains the highest problem. Whereas in case of Haveri district, the major constraints encountered by beneficiary farmers were, poor quality materials/machinery are supplied, non availability of particular seed varieties or hybrids and redtapism.
{"title":"Constraints Encountered by Beneficiary Farmers in Adopting National Food Security Mission (NFSM) Interventions in Selected Districts of Karnataka State, India","authors":"G. Chaitra, N. Gowda, Y. Shivalingaiah","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130460","url":null,"abstract":"India is facing the problem of food insecurity since independence. The Government has taken several measures to overcome this, still there was no maximum change that has taken place in the status of country’s food security. For the growing population the country has to produce more and more year after year. To make this possible the government announced National Food Security Mission Scheme to enhance the productivity of crops and income of the farmers through various crop based interventions. The present study on constraints faced by beneficiary farmers of NFSM in adopting NFSM interventions was undertaken in Belagavi and Haveri districts of Karnataka State Original Research Article Chaitra et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 114-118, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63375 115 with sample size of 180 beneficiaries from different components of NFSM viz., NFSM – Rice, NFSM – Pulse and NFSM – Coarse Cereals. Expost facto research design of social research was used in the present investigation. The major constraints faced by the beneficiary farmers in adopting NFSM interventions among the beneficiary farmers of Belagavi district were, lesser amount of subsidy (in Rs), limited number of demonstrations and subsidy paid after purchase while an initial payment remains the highest problem. Whereas in case of Haveri district, the major constraints encountered by beneficiary farmers were, poor quality materials/machinery are supplied, non availability of particular seed varieties or hybrids and redtapism.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"378 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122855820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130458
A. Biswas, M. Mahato, A. Ghosh, M. Haque, Swagata Ghoshal, D. Mazumder, S. K. Acharya
Krishi Vigyan Kendra was established initially to impart training to the different stakeholders of the farming community as a method of technology delivery system. As the time passed by this grass root institution has undergone a tremendous change, starting from technology generation, testing, verification and ultimately onwards transmission to the end users for the enhancement of the productivity in particular and for the overall socioeconomic development of the rural people in general with its mandated programmes. The work was conducted with 10 independent variables and one dependent variable-.i.e. Production orientation (y). Purposive as well as simple random techniques were adopted for the study. Among 50 adopted KVK farmers of the selected villages only 22 adopted farmers have been randomly selected and more 22 non adopted farmers and thus altogether 44 farmers have been randomly selected for the study. The results revealed that adoption of improved and newer technology requires decision by farmers, and scientific orientation is a degree to which respondents can orient to the use of scientific methods in relation to adoption Original Research Article Biswas et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 105-113, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63121 106 behavior. It is an important psychological factor in decision making process. It is concluded that people with progressive attitude will always try to involve themselves in all activities through which more annual income can be achieved and education plays a vital role for adoption process. Training plays important role for improvement of KVK. In the last phase of stepwise regression analysis it is seen that mechanization in family has got some functional impact on production orientation. Mechanization in family determines the adoption of new technology which increases farm production. So it is clear that KVK is an institutional project of ICAR to demonstrate the application of science and technology input of agricultural research and education in the farmers field in the rural areas.
{"title":"Production Orientation of KVK Adopted Farmers: The Socio-Ecological Estimation and Interpretation","authors":"A. Biswas, M. Mahato, A. Ghosh, M. Haque, Swagata Ghoshal, D. Mazumder, S. K. Acharya","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130458","url":null,"abstract":"Krishi Vigyan Kendra was established initially to impart training to the different stakeholders of the farming community as a method of technology delivery system. As the time passed by this grass root institution has undergone a tremendous change, starting from technology generation, testing, verification and ultimately onwards transmission to the end users for the enhancement of the productivity in particular and for the overall socioeconomic development of the rural people in general with its mandated programmes. The work was conducted with 10 independent variables and one dependent variable-.i.e. Production orientation (y). Purposive as well as simple random techniques were adopted for the study. Among 50 adopted KVK farmers of the selected villages only 22 adopted farmers have been randomly selected and more 22 non adopted farmers and thus altogether 44 farmers have been randomly selected for the study. The results revealed that adoption of improved and newer technology requires decision by farmers, and scientific orientation is a degree to which respondents can orient to the use of scientific methods in relation to adoption Original Research Article Biswas et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 105-113, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63121 106 behavior. It is an important psychological factor in decision making process. It is concluded that people with progressive attitude will always try to involve themselves in all activities through which more annual income can be achieved and education plays a vital role for adoption process. Training plays important role for improvement of KVK. In the last phase of stepwise regression analysis it is seen that mechanization in family has got some functional impact on production orientation. Mechanization in family determines the adoption of new technology which increases farm production. So it is clear that KVK is an institutional project of ICAR to demonstrate the application of science and technology input of agricultural research and education in the farmers field in the rural areas.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123561002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-09DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130456
B. M. Yadav, S. Wasave, S. S. Mandavkar, S. V. Patil, M. M. Shirdhankar, K. Chaudhari
Aims: The present study was carried out to investigate the impact of vulnerability on livelihood of fishers of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra state of India. Study Design: For this study interview schedule was used to collect the fisher information. Place and Duration of Study: In present study, the data were collected from the fishers of the three fishing villages of Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra during the year 2019-2020. Methodology: The data were randomly collected from 64 fisher by using questionnaire in the Google form and interview schedule. The vulnerability variables considered in this study are categorised as natural shocks like cyclones, heavy rain, environmental changes; personal factors like illness, sea accidents, sudden death, social conflicts and seasonality includes decline in fish catches, unpredictable price fall and non-availability of markets. The opinions of respondents with respect to vulnerability factors were recorded on the basis of three categories i.e. high impact, medium impact and low impact. The descriptive statistics i.e. percentage and frequency analysis was used to represent the results. Results: The overall results of vulnerability indicated that the natural shocks factors like cyclones, Original Research Article Yadav et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 91-96, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62893 92 heavy rain, environmental changes and personal factors like illness, sea accidents, sudden death, social conflicts have high impact on more than 90% respondents; while seasonality factors like decline in fish catches, unpredictable price fall and non-availability of markets have high impact on livelihood of about 70% fishers respondents. Conclusion: The respondents reported that the various factors of vulnerability have direct impact on livelihood of fishers and ultimately socioeconomic conditions of the fishers.
{"title":"Factors Contributing for Vulnerability on Livelihood of Fishers of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra State, India","authors":"B. M. Yadav, S. Wasave, S. S. Mandavkar, S. V. Patil, M. M. Shirdhankar, K. Chaudhari","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130456","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The present study was carried out to investigate the impact of vulnerability on livelihood of fishers of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra state of India. Study Design: For this study interview schedule was used to collect the fisher information. Place and Duration of Study: In present study, the data were collected from the fishers of the three fishing villages of Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra during the year 2019-2020. Methodology: The data were randomly collected from 64 fisher by using questionnaire in the Google form and interview schedule. The vulnerability variables considered in this study are categorised as natural shocks like cyclones, heavy rain, environmental changes; personal factors like illness, sea accidents, sudden death, social conflicts and seasonality includes decline in fish catches, unpredictable price fall and non-availability of markets. The opinions of respondents with respect to vulnerability factors were recorded on the basis of three categories i.e. high impact, medium impact and low impact. The descriptive statistics i.e. percentage and frequency analysis was used to represent the results. Results: The overall results of vulnerability indicated that the natural shocks factors like cyclones, Original Research Article Yadav et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 91-96, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62893 92 heavy rain, environmental changes and personal factors like illness, sea accidents, sudden death, social conflicts have high impact on more than 90% respondents; while seasonality factors like decline in fish catches, unpredictable price fall and non-availability of markets have high impact on livelihood of about 70% fishers respondents. Conclusion: The respondents reported that the various factors of vulnerability have direct impact on livelihood of fishers and ultimately socioeconomic conditions of the fishers.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133897450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-09DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130457
Tabia Binte Shan, J. Ahmed
Livelihood diversification is considered as a constructive way to improve the livelihood of poor people in rural Bangladesh. This study examines the level of livelihood diversification and the determinants of livelihood diversification of rural households in Sylhet division by using both primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected from two districts of Sylhet division by adopting simple random sampling procedures. A face to face interview was employed to collect cross section data of total 210 respondents in which semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used. Descriptive statistics, Simpson diversification indexing and Logit model analysis were employed for analyzing the data in accordance with the objectives of the study. The socioeconomic attributes of different respondents indicate that characteristics of sampled respondents differ from each other in respect of their age, gender, literacy rate, family composition, land holdings, credit access etc. However, in rural Bangladesh, a considerable number of households have diversified their livelihoods at different levels through several income generating activities. Though medium and highly diversified households are majority in rural areas; which accounts for 37% and 26% of total households, respectively. Logit model was estimated to analyze the determinants and find that several factors either positively or negatively affect the extent of livelihood diversification. Gender, education level, land holdings and credit access had positive and significant effects on livelihood Original Research Article Shan and Ahmed; AJAEES, 38(11): 97-104, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63212 98 diversification. On the other hand, dependency ratio and savings had a negative but significant effect on diversification of livelihood in rural areas. Considering the findings, the study suggested some policy implication like encouraging entrepreneurship, expanding credit facilities, development of rural infrastructure along with market facilities; introducing effective pro-poor policies that may assist all poor people to generate more income and higher-return activities. Hence policies that widen the extent of income earning sources and livelihood diversification should be given proper attention.
{"title":"Determinants of Livelihood Diversification of Rural Households in Sylhet","authors":"Tabia Binte Shan, J. Ahmed","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130457","url":null,"abstract":"Livelihood diversification is considered as a constructive way to improve the livelihood of poor people in rural Bangladesh. This study examines the level of livelihood diversification and the determinants of livelihood diversification of rural households in Sylhet division by using both primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected from two districts of Sylhet division by adopting simple random sampling procedures. A face to face interview was employed to collect cross section data of total 210 respondents in which semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used. Descriptive statistics, Simpson diversification indexing and Logit model analysis were employed for analyzing the data in accordance with the objectives of the study. The socioeconomic attributes of different respondents indicate that characteristics of sampled respondents differ from each other in respect of their age, gender, literacy rate, family composition, land holdings, credit access etc. However, in rural Bangladesh, a considerable number of households have diversified their livelihoods at different levels through several income generating activities. Though medium and highly diversified households are majority in rural areas; which accounts for 37% and 26% of total households, respectively. Logit model was estimated to analyze the determinants and find that several factors either positively or negatively affect the extent of livelihood diversification. Gender, education level, land holdings and credit access had positive and significant effects on livelihood Original Research Article Shan and Ahmed; AJAEES, 38(11): 97-104, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63212 98 diversification. On the other hand, dependency ratio and savings had a negative but significant effect on diversification of livelihood in rural areas. Considering the findings, the study suggested some policy implication like encouraging entrepreneurship, expanding credit facilities, development of rural infrastructure along with market facilities; introducing effective pro-poor policies that may assist all poor people to generate more income and higher-return activities. Hence policies that widen the extent of income earning sources and livelihood diversification should be given proper attention.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"50 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114025817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-07DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130455
A. Rajkhowa, I. Barman, P. Das, S. D. Deka, A. Sonowal
Farm mechanization plays an important role for effective utilization of inputs which ultimately increase the productivity of land and labour by reducing the drudgery in farm operations in agriculture. There has been a substantial progress in farm mechanization in India; however, its spread has not been equal in all states for various reasons. This study was conducted in Sonitpur and Udalguri districts under North Bank Plain Agro-Climatic Zone of Assam with 160 farmers to analyse the factors influencing the extent of farm mechanization across different farm size groups. The findings revealed that majority of marginal (64.86%), small (64.52%), medium (72%) and large (72.73%) farmers had medium level of farm mechanization. In case of pooled sample, majority (67.5%) of the respondents had medium level of farm mechanization. The findings of the study indicated that majority of the respondents belonged to medium mechanization category. It implies Original Research Article Rajkhowa et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 81-90, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62478 82 that concerned agencies/ organizations should put more efforts in accelerating the adoption of farm mechanization by the farmers for sustainable agricultural production. The findings of regression analysis showed that in case of pooled farmers 8 variables, viz. education level, occupational status, scientific orientation, economic motivation, cropping intensity, social participation, working capital availability and innovativeness significantly contribute towards the extent of farm mechanization. It implies that there is possibility for the extension agencies to manipulate these crucial factors in order to bring about desirable changes in the farm mechanization adoption behaviour of farmers.
农业机械化在有效利用投入物方面发挥着重要作用，通过减少农业经营中的苦差事，最终提高土地和劳动力的生产率。印度在农业机械化方面取得了实质性进展;然而，由于各种原因，它在所有州的传播并不均等。本研究在阿萨姆邦北岸平原农业气气带的Sonitpur和Udalguri地区进行，160名农民分析了影响不同农场规模群体农业机械化程度的因素。结果表明，大多数边缘农户(64.86%)、小农户(64.52%)、中农户(72%)和大农户(72.73%)的农业机械化水平为中等水平。在集中抽样情况下，大多数(67.5%)的受访者具有中等水平的农业机械化。研究结果表明，大多数回答者属于中等机械化类别。隐含原创研究文章Rajkhowa et al.;生物工程学报，38(11):81- 90,2020;文章no.AJAEES。[2478 . 82]我认为有关部门应该加大努力，加快农民采用农业机械化，促进农业可持续生产。回归分析结果表明，在集中农户的情况下，教育程度、职业状况、科学取向、经济动机、种植强度、社会参与、流动资金可用性和创新能力8个变量对农业机械化程度有显著影响。这意味着推广机构有可能操纵这些关键因素，以便在农民的农业机械化采用行为中带来理想的变化。
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Pub Date : 2020-12-05DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130454
R. Karaya, C. Onyango, G. Ogendi
Land degradation is a major cause of declining yields and loss of dryland ecosystems resilience in the Lake Baringo Basin in Kenya. One of the solutions to land degradation in drylands is the application of Sustainable Land Management (SLM) technologies. Improving farmers’ capacity to adopt SLM technologies has been an important strategy of the Kenyan government and her development partners to addressing land degradation. State agricultural extension services are charged with the role of building this capacity. Unfortunately, such extension services have had little impact in the Kenyan drylands. To counter this inadequacy in extension services, farmers have formed grass-root organisations to foster networks of support and information sharing. In this paper, we analysed the effect of participation in farmers organisation in promoting adoption of SLM practices by agropastoralists in the Lake Baringo Basin. Data were collected through in-depth Original Research Article Karaya et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 66-80, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63392 67 household interviews with 150 farmers, 79 of them group members and 71 non-group members. Level of knowledge, sources of information and challenges of SLM adoption were studied. The study revealed significant and positive association between group participation and adoption of SLM practices at X (3, N=150=63.209, P=0.000). Additionally, group partnering with development agencies like Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and government departments was reported to have significant influence on household adoption of SLM practices at X (3, N=79=13.147, P=0.004). The results indicated that farmer groups can effectively be used to leverage farmers' adoption of SLM innovations and potentially improve household income and food security in the Kenyan drylands. We recommended organizational and resource capacity building for farmer groups to promote their effectiveness in provision of resources and services to their members. In addition, government research and extension agencies and academia should consider forming collaborations with farmer groups in generation of SLM technologies that are suited to the farmers location and prevailing context.
{"title":"The Effect of Participation in Farmer Groups on Household Adoption of Sustainable Land Management Practices in Kenyan Drylands","authors":"R. Karaya, C. Onyango, G. Ogendi","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130454","url":null,"abstract":"Land degradation is a major cause of declining yields and loss of dryland ecosystems resilience in the Lake Baringo Basin in Kenya. One of the solutions to land degradation in drylands is the application of Sustainable Land Management (SLM) technologies. Improving farmers’ capacity to adopt SLM technologies has been an important strategy of the Kenyan government and her development partners to addressing land degradation. State agricultural extension services are charged with the role of building this capacity. Unfortunately, such extension services have had little impact in the Kenyan drylands. To counter this inadequacy in extension services, farmers have formed grass-root organisations to foster networks of support and information sharing. In this paper, we analysed the effect of participation in farmers organisation in promoting adoption of SLM practices by agropastoralists in the Lake Baringo Basin. Data were collected through in-depth Original Research Article Karaya et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 66-80, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63392 67 household interviews with 150 farmers, 79 of them group members and 71 non-group members. Level of knowledge, sources of information and challenges of SLM adoption were studied. The study revealed significant and positive association between group participation and adoption of SLM practices at X (3, N=150=63.209, P=0.000). Additionally, group partnering with development agencies like Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and government departments was reported to have significant influence on household adoption of SLM practices at X (3, N=79=13.147, P=0.004). The results indicated that farmer groups can effectively be used to leverage farmers' adoption of SLM innovations and potentially improve household income and food security in the Kenyan drylands. We recommended organizational and resource capacity building for farmer groups to promote their effectiveness in provision of resources and services to their members. In addition, government research and extension agencies and academia should consider forming collaborations with farmer groups in generation of SLM technologies that are suited to the farmers location and prevailing context.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121132118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-04DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130452
R. Sahu, N. Raghuwanshi, Ghanshyam Patel
The research work was carried out with objectives to estimate the trend and growth rate in area, production & productivity of brinjal in Dhamtari block of Chhattisgarh state. The study was conducted in Dhamtari district which comprises of 4 blocks and among which Dhamtari block occupies maximum area and production of Brinjal. The secondary data was collected from Directorate of Horticulture, Directorate of Land record, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, and annual horticultural statistics, Raipur Chhattisgarh. The annual area, production and productivity of Brinjal in Dhamtari district is collected from Directorate of Horticulture Dhamtari, Chhattisgarh. The secondary data were collected for the last 10 years (2006-07 to 2015-16). Compound growth rate and simple growth rate were used to analyse the collected data. To reveal the behavior of selected variables in the district over time, regression analysis was carried out. The following form of linear production function was fitted by least square technique to estimate the trend and growth rate of the selected variable for the study period. Area, production and productivity of Brinjal in Chhattisgarh state was found to be increased at highly significant rate, whereas, in Dhamtari district, it was found that only area of Brinjal increased at highly significant rate. Original Research Article Sahu et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 54-57, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62219 55
{"title":"The Trend and Growth Rate of Brinjal in Dhamtari Block and Chhattisgarh State, India","authors":"R. Sahu, N. Raghuwanshi, Ghanshyam Patel","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130452","url":null,"abstract":"The research work was carried out with objectives to estimate the trend and growth rate in area, production & productivity of brinjal in Dhamtari block of Chhattisgarh state. The study was conducted in Dhamtari district which comprises of 4 blocks and among which Dhamtari block occupies maximum area and production of Brinjal. The secondary data was collected from Directorate of Horticulture, Directorate of Land record, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, and annual horticultural statistics, Raipur Chhattisgarh. The annual area, production and productivity of Brinjal in Dhamtari district is collected from Directorate of Horticulture Dhamtari, Chhattisgarh. The secondary data were collected for the last 10 years (2006-07 to 2015-16). Compound growth rate and simple growth rate were used to analyse the collected data. To reveal the behavior of selected variables in the district over time, regression analysis was carried out. The following form of linear production function was fitted by least square technique to estimate the trend and growth rate of the selected variable for the study period. Area, production and productivity of Brinjal in Chhattisgarh state was found to be increased at highly significant rate, whereas, in Dhamtari district, it was found that only area of Brinjal increased at highly significant rate. Original Research Article Sahu et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 54-57, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62219 55","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127363155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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