Supercontinuum white lasers have received extensive attention as they offer new opportunities in various basic science and technology applications. It is a long pursuit to achieve balanced performance in three critical factors: bandwidth, pulse energy, and spectral flatness. In this work, we use an intense 1.0 mJ per pulse 1500 nm near‐infrared (NIR) femtosecond laser to pump a nonlinear optical module composed of a cascaded bare lithium niobate (LN) crystal offering good third‐order nonlinearity (third‐NL) induced spectral broadening and a chirped periodic‐poled lithium niobate (CPPLN) crystal offering excellent second‐order nonlinearity (second‐NL) in terms of high‐efficiency broadband second‐ and third‐harmonic generation. By engineering the synergy of second‐NL and third‐NL, we achieve an intense compact white laser with ultrabroad and flat spectrum (280–2530 nm @ 25 dB, covering deep‐ultraviolet (DUV), visible (Vis), NIR, and mid‐infrared (MIR)), pulse energy (0.3 mJ), and high repetition (1 kHz). The developed DUV‐Vis‐NIR‐MIR ultrashort pulse white laser allows us to probe and measure the absorption spectra for various samples, including sodium copper chlorophyllin, carbon dots, ethanol, and water, only through a single shot of white laser pulse, opening new avenues in the cross‐field of ultrafast and ultrabroadband laser spectroscopy and high‐speed spectrography by using a compact‐sized pump laser.
{"title":"0.3 mJ‐Per‐Pulse 280–2530 nm Compact White Laser and Its Single‐Shot Spectroscopy Application","authors":"Lihong Hong, Yuanyuan Liu, Liqiang Liu, Renyu Feng, Yunpeng Liu, Junyu Qian, Junming Liu, Haiyao Yang, Yanyan Li, Yuxin Leng, Ruxin Li, Yujie Peng, Zhi‐Yuan Li","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202503089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202503089","url":null,"abstract":"Supercontinuum white lasers have received extensive attention as they offer new opportunities in various basic science and technology applications. It is a long pursuit to achieve balanced performance in three critical factors: bandwidth, pulse energy, and spectral flatness. In this work, we use an intense 1.0 mJ per pulse 1500 nm near‐infrared (NIR) femtosecond laser to pump a nonlinear optical module composed of a cascaded bare lithium niobate (LN) crystal offering good third‐order nonlinearity (third‐NL) induced spectral broadening and a chirped periodic‐poled lithium niobate (CPPLN) crystal offering excellent second‐order nonlinearity (second‐NL) in terms of high‐efficiency broadband second‐ and third‐harmonic generation. By engineering the synergy of second‐NL and third‐NL, we achieve an intense compact white laser with ultrabroad and flat spectrum (280–2530 nm @ 25 dB, covering deep‐ultraviolet (DUV), visible (Vis), NIR, and mid‐infrared (MIR)), pulse energy (0.3 mJ), and high repetition (1 kHz). The developed DUV‐Vis‐NIR‐MIR ultrashort pulse white laser allows us to probe and measure the absorption spectra for various samples, including sodium copper chlorophyllin, carbon dots, ethanol, and water, only through a single shot of white laser pulse, opening new avenues in the cross‐field of ultrafast and ultrabroadband laser spectroscopy and high‐speed spectrography by using a compact‐sized pump laser.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fan Yang, Qingyuan Zhao, Yanghui Huang, Zhen Liu, Jie Deng, Zhenguo Li, Saiying Ru, Naitao Liu, Yaoyao Pan, Long Wang, Yu Nie, Kanghe Lv, Shunhua Wang, Yichi Gao, Xuecou Tu, Labao Zhang, Xiaoqing Jia, Jian Chen, Lin Kang, Peiheng Wu
Directly integrating superconducting nanowire single‐photon detectors (SNSPDs) on the fiber facet could significantly reduce coupling loss and alignment uncertainty, enabling an all‐fiber single‐photon detector with high detection efficiency, robust coupling, and compact size. However, the material and mechanical incompatibility between bulky optical fibers and nano‐fabricated ultrathin nanowires makes fabrication and integration challenging. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid integration method that involves fabricating individual membrane‐based detectors and optical mirrors separately, followed by their precise assembly on fiber facets. After integration, the detectors exhibit saturated quantum efficiency, a maximum system detection efficiency of 68.6%, a timing jitter as low as 26 ps, and a counting rate of up to 51.7 Mcps. These performance metrics are comparable to SNSPDs on standard silicon wafers. Moreover, this integration enables a fiber facet coupling regime where the detector is embedded in the guide mode of the incident light, resulting in an exceptionally broad detection bandwidth (1310–1640 nm) with less than 2.3% reduction in efficiency. The successful fiber facet integration of SNSPDs not only provides an alternative coupling strategy but also introduces a single‐photon detection capability into the group of fiber‐integrated optoelectronics, paving the way for low‐loss, long‐range quantum communication and distributed sensing systems.
{"title":"Hybrid Integration of a Superconducting Nanowire Single‐Photon Detector Directly on the Fiber Facet","authors":"Fan Yang, Qingyuan Zhao, Yanghui Huang, Zhen Liu, Jie Deng, Zhenguo Li, Saiying Ru, Naitao Liu, Yaoyao Pan, Long Wang, Yu Nie, Kanghe Lv, Shunhua Wang, Yichi Gao, Xuecou Tu, Labao Zhang, Xiaoqing Jia, Jian Chen, Lin Kang, Peiheng Wu","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202503116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202503116","url":null,"abstract":"Directly integrating superconducting nanowire single‐photon detectors (SNSPDs) on the fiber facet could significantly reduce coupling loss and alignment uncertainty, enabling an all‐fiber single‐photon detector with high detection efficiency, robust coupling, and compact size. However, the material and mechanical incompatibility between bulky optical fibers and nano‐fabricated ultrathin nanowires makes fabrication and integration challenging. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid integration method that involves fabricating individual membrane‐based detectors and optical mirrors separately, followed by their precise assembly on fiber facets. After integration, the detectors exhibit saturated quantum efficiency, a maximum system detection efficiency of 68.6%, a timing jitter as low as 26 ps, and a counting rate of up to 51.7 Mcps. These performance metrics are comparable to SNSPDs on standard silicon wafers. Moreover, this integration enables a fiber facet coupling regime where the detector is embedded in the guide mode of the incident light, resulting in an exceptionally broad detection bandwidth (1310–1640 nm) with less than 2.3% reduction in efficiency. The successful fiber facet integration of SNSPDs not only provides an alternative coupling strategy but also introduces a single‐photon detection capability into the group of fiber‐integrated optoelectronics, paving the way for low‐loss, long‐range quantum communication and distributed sensing systems.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"412 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical neural networks (ONNs) face critical scalability barriers due to the manufacturing complexity of large‐area metasurfaces and static multiplexing paradigms. Here, we introduce a translation multiplexing optical neural network (TMONN) framework that achieves dynamic lateral‐shifting multiplexing—distinct from polarization or angular momentum‐based approaches—through deep learning‐optimized remapping of redundant spatial information. By encoding overlapping data streams into programmable DMD‐SLM modulation layers and integrating a closed‐loop self‐calibration system for real‐time aberration correction, TMONN reduces hardware footprint while preserving computational resolution. Our architecture demonstrates more than 500% efficiency improvements over conventional ONNs and maintains robust performance (< 0.16 MSE degradation at OR = 7/8 multiplexing) across time‐varying tasks, achieving SSIM > 0.7 and PSNR > 11 dB for temporal topological sequences and sub‐0.016 MSE in medical CT slice reconstruction. The resolution‐preserving multiplexing, validated through 9‐frame parallel processing without quality loss, bridges computational optics with adaptive deep learning, offering a scalable pathway toward energy‐efficient optical computing platforms for dynamic real‐world applications.
{"title":"Translation Multiplexing of Optical Diffraction Neural Network","authors":"Yiming Feng, Wendi Xia, Bingtao Gao, Dexin Ye, Chao Qian, Shilong Li, Hongsheng Chen, Haoliang Qian","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202501925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202501925","url":null,"abstract":"Optical neural networks (ONNs) face critical scalability barriers due to the manufacturing complexity of large‐area metasurfaces and static multiplexing paradigms. Here, we introduce a translation multiplexing optical neural network (TMONN) framework that achieves dynamic lateral‐shifting multiplexing—distinct from polarization or angular momentum‐based approaches—through deep learning‐optimized remapping of redundant spatial information. By encoding overlapping data streams into programmable DMD‐SLM modulation layers and integrating a closed‐loop self‐calibration system for real‐time aberration correction, TMONN reduces hardware footprint while preserving computational resolution. Our architecture demonstrates more than 500% efficiency improvements over conventional ONNs and maintains robust performance (< 0.16 MSE degradation at OR = 7/8 multiplexing) across time‐varying tasks, achieving SSIM > 0.7 and PSNR > 11 dB for temporal topological sequences and sub‐0.016 MSE in medical CT slice reconstruction. The resolution‐preserving multiplexing, validated through 9‐frame parallel processing without quality loss, bridges computational optics with adaptive deep learning, offering a scalable pathway toward energy‐efficient optical computing platforms for dynamic real‐world applications.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We propose a new type of topological excitations—topological event wavepackets (TEWs)—that emerge in photonic spacetime crystals (STCs) with spatiotemporally modulated permittivity. TEWs exhibit strong spatiotemporal localization and are topologically protected by a fully opened energy‐momentum () gap, in which steady propagating states are absent. Spectrally confined within this gap, TEWs can serve as a probe for identifying the gap extent. To reveal the underlying topological mechanism, we define a spacetime winding number. In contrast to previously reported nonlinearity‐induced event solitons in STCs, TEWs originate in linear media from the topological configuration, making them more accessible and versatile for experimental realization. Finally, by periodically weaving TEWs into an event lattice, we demonstrate a controllable delay and mitigation of noise‐driven amplification within the ‐gap. Our findings open a new pathway toward topological control in photonic spacetime‐modulated systems, enabling ‐gap band engineering for wave manipulation ranging from microwave to optical regimes.
{"title":"Topological Event Wavepackets in Energy‐Momentum‐Gapped Photonic Spacetime Crystals","authors":"Liang Zhang, Zirui Zhao, Qiaofei Pan, Chenhao Pan, Qingqing Cheng, Yiming Pan","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202502603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202502603","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new type of topological excitations—topological event wavepackets (TEWs)—that emerge in photonic spacetime crystals (STCs) with spatiotemporally modulated permittivity. TEWs exhibit strong spatiotemporal localization and are topologically protected by a fully opened energy‐momentum () gap, in which steady propagating states are absent. Spectrally confined within this gap, TEWs can serve as a probe for identifying the gap extent. To reveal the underlying topological mechanism, we define a spacetime winding number. In contrast to previously reported nonlinearity‐induced event solitons in STCs, TEWs originate in linear media from the topological configuration, making them more accessible and versatile for experimental realization. Finally, by periodically weaving TEWs into an event lattice, we demonstrate a controllable delay and mitigation of noise‐driven amplification within the ‐gap. Our findings open a new pathway toward topological control in photonic spacetime‐modulated systems, enabling ‐gap band engineering for wave manipulation ranging from microwave to optical regimes.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lanthanide ion‐doped halide perovskites have emerged as a transformative approach in optoelectronic applications, offering significant advancements in the performance and stability of devices such as solar cells, LEDs, and photodetectors. This review systematically explores the fundamental principles of lanthanide ion doping, detailing its effects on the optoelectronic properties and structural integrity of perovskite materials. We provide an extensive overview of the various lanthanide ions, their doping mechanisms, and their roles in enhancing material stability, optical properties, and device efficiency. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of lanthanide‐doped perovskites, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding and innovation in this rapidly evolving field. Through a comprehensive analysis, this review serves as a critical resource for researchers and engineers aiming to leverage lanthanide doping for the next generation of high‐performance optoelectronic devices.
{"title":"Lanthanide Ion‐Doped Halide Perovskites and Their Optoelectronic Applications","authors":"Jinyan An, Gencai Pan, Hongwei Song, Cong Chen","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202503159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202503159","url":null,"abstract":"Lanthanide ion‐doped halide perovskites have emerged as a transformative approach in optoelectronic applications, offering significant advancements in the performance and stability of devices such as solar cells, LEDs, and photodetectors. This review systematically explores the fundamental principles of lanthanide ion doping, detailing its effects on the optoelectronic properties and structural integrity of perovskite materials. We provide an extensive overview of the various lanthanide ions, their doping mechanisms, and their roles in enhancing material stability, optical properties, and device efficiency. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of lanthanide‐doped perovskites, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding and innovation in this rapidly evolving field. Through a comprehensive analysis, this review serves as a critical resource for researchers and engineers aiming to leverage lanthanide doping for the next generation of high‐performance optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The structural discontinuity and poor orbital overlap between organic and inorganic units in traditional coordination polymers (CPs) induce a high energy barrier for charge transfer. The insulation limits their application in high‐energy radiation detection and imaging. In this study, we present a chelation coordination strategy that precisely controls ligand spatial orientation through strong coordinate bonds. A novel 3D chelating CP [Pb(IQS)] n 1 (H 2 IQS = 7‐iodo‐8‐hydroxyquinoline‐5‐sulfonic acid) was synthesized. The chelation bond constrains the ligand's spatial position and direction. Along the long‐range ordered π – π stacking direction, an efficient 1D space‐oriented low‐energy charge‐transport pathway is generated by close alignment and sufficient orbital overlap between ligands. Optoelectronic testing confirms that 1 exhibits typical semiconductor properties. The single crystal X‐ray detector derived from 1 shows a sensitivity of 9305.35 µC Gy air−1 cm −2 and a detection limit of 0.545 µGy/s, outperforming most comparable materials and commercial α‐Se detectors. Additionally, the robust chelating coordinate bonds enhance the material's thermal stability and chemical resistance. Building upon its X‐ray detection capabilities and outstanding stability, we further prepared a 5 × 5 pixelated flexible 1 ‐based composite film for X‐ray imaging device to demonstrate its potential application in the direct X‐ray imaging.
{"title":"Space‐Oriented Charge‐Transfer Semiconductive Coordination Polymer for Direct X‐Ray Detection and Imaging","authors":"Bao‐Yi Li, Peng‐Kun Wang, Rong Li, Wen‐Jing Jiang, Shuai‐Hua Wang, Fa‐Kun Zheng, Guo‐Cong Guo","doi":"10.1002/lpor.71097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.71097","url":null,"abstract":"The structural discontinuity and poor orbital overlap between organic and inorganic units in traditional coordination polymers (CPs) induce a high energy barrier for charge transfer. The insulation limits their application in high‐energy radiation detection and imaging. In this study, we present a chelation coordination strategy that precisely controls ligand spatial orientation through strong coordinate bonds. A novel 3D chelating CP [Pb(IQS)] <jats:italic> <jats:sub>n</jats:sub> </jats:italic> 1 (H <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> IQS = 7‐iodo‐8‐hydroxyquinoline‐5‐sulfonic acid) was synthesized. The chelation bond constrains the ligand's spatial position and direction. Along the long‐range ordered <jats:italic>π</jats:italic> – <jats:italic>π</jats:italic> stacking direction, an efficient 1D space‐oriented low‐energy charge‐transport pathway is generated by close alignment and sufficient orbital overlap between ligands. Optoelectronic testing confirms that 1 exhibits typical semiconductor properties. The single crystal X‐ray detector derived from 1 shows a sensitivity of 9305.35 µC Gy <jats:sub>air</jats:sub> <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> cm <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> and a detection limit of 0.545 µGy/s, outperforming most comparable materials and commercial α‐Se detectors. Additionally, the robust chelating coordinate bonds enhance the material's thermal stability and chemical resistance. Building upon its X‐ray detection capabilities and outstanding stability, we further prepared a 5 × 5 pixelated flexible 1 ‐based composite film for X‐ray imaging device to demonstrate its potential application in the direct X‐ray imaging.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"412 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elina I. Battalova, Aidar I. Minibaev, Indira G. Mustafina, Sergey S. Kharintsev
Photothermal therapy of oncological diseases, based on the targeted delivery of light‐harvesting agents such as dyes, nanoshells, and photosensitizers, remains a major focus of the scientific community. However, light can be effectively captured by optically transparent media through a scattering mechanism rather than absorption. This is achieved in spatially confined media, e.g., foams, colloids, gels, and tumors, which can impart extra momentum to electrons under light illumination, thereby enhancing the optical oscillator strength through indirect optical transitions. Spatial confinement induces additional electronic states, boosting the cross section of electronic light scattering (ELS), a phenomenon that manifests as a featureless broadband background in Raman spectra. This work studies thermo‐optical behaviors of percolating colloidal systems using ELS. We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that a water‐in‐decane system stabilized by sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate () under continuous‐wave laser illumination with the moderate intensity of 1 kW/cm 2 can be heated by several tens of degrees at the percolation point. This effect is shown to originate from energy band bending in the optically transparent system. These findings hold unprecedented promise for the development of targeted thermo‐optical detection and treatment of specific cancers.
{"title":"Optically Transparent Percolating Colloids Heated by Electronic Light Scattering","authors":"Elina I. Battalova, Aidar I. Minibaev, Indira G. Mustafina, Sergey S. Kharintsev","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202502239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202502239","url":null,"abstract":"Photothermal therapy of oncological diseases, based on the targeted delivery of light‐harvesting agents such as dyes, nanoshells, and photosensitizers, remains a major focus of the scientific community. However, light can be effectively captured by optically transparent media through a scattering mechanism rather than absorption. This is achieved in spatially confined media, e.g., foams, colloids, gels, and tumors, which can impart extra momentum to electrons under light illumination, thereby enhancing the optical oscillator strength through indirect optical transitions. Spatial confinement induces additional electronic states, boosting the cross section of electronic light scattering (ELS), a phenomenon that manifests as a featureless broadband background in Raman spectra. This work studies thermo‐optical behaviors of percolating colloidal systems using ELS. We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that a water‐in‐decane system stabilized by sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate () under continuous‐wave laser illumination with the moderate intensity of 1 kW/cm <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> can be heated by several tens of degrees at the percolation point. This effect is shown to originate from energy band bending in the optically transparent system. These findings hold unprecedented promise for the development of targeted thermo‐optical detection and treatment of specific cancers.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tian Shuo Bai, Wen Yu Lu, Wen Jun Dai, Jia Rui Liu, Zi Xiang Xia, Jing Yuan Wang, Zhi Lin Gao, Tie Jun Cui, Xuanru Zhang
Non‐imaging target recognition by analyzing scattered waves is of vital application importance in various scenarios such as radar detection, automated systems, and life activity monitoring. Vortex wave features a helical phase structure which can be decomposed into infinite plane waves, thereby enabling information‐rich detection. Here, we develop a non‐imaging target recognition platform based on microwave vortex beams, which includes modules for target feature extraction and machine learning algorithms. A complex representation is proposed to fully characterize the amplitude and phase information of the scattered vortex waves, and a neural network (NN)‐based machine learning algorithm is used to extract the embedded information. The recognition performance is verified by experiments in distinguishing 12 different gestures from five individuals. The recognition accuracy can reach 100% for the single‐individual case and 99.1% for the cross‐individual case, completed in 0.48 and 0.117 ms, respectively. These findings offer a convenient, fast, and reliable approach for target detection and may promote broad applications in radar systems.
{"title":"Non‐Imaging Gesture Recognition Based on Complex Representation of Vortex Waves Empowered by Machine Learning","authors":"Tian Shuo Bai, Wen Yu Lu, Wen Jun Dai, Jia Rui Liu, Zi Xiang Xia, Jing Yuan Wang, Zhi Lin Gao, Tie Jun Cui, Xuanru Zhang","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202503222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202503222","url":null,"abstract":"Non‐imaging target recognition by analyzing scattered waves is of vital application importance in various scenarios such as radar detection, automated systems, and life activity monitoring. Vortex wave features a helical phase structure which can be decomposed into infinite plane waves, thereby enabling information‐rich detection. Here, we develop a non‐imaging target recognition platform based on microwave vortex beams, which includes modules for target feature extraction and machine learning algorithms. A complex representation is proposed to fully characterize the amplitude and phase information of the scattered vortex waves, and a neural network (NN)‐based machine learning algorithm is used to extract the embedded information. The recognition performance is verified by experiments in distinguishing 12 different gestures from five individuals. The recognition accuracy can reach 100% for the single‐individual case and 99.1% for the cross‐individual case, completed in 0.48 and 0.117 ms, respectively. These findings offer a convenient, fast, and reliable approach for target detection and may promote broad applications in radar systems.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jilun Zhao, Jiaqi Zhang, Zhiyuan Ye, Hong‐Chao Liu, Hai‐Bo Wang, Jun Xiong
Diffractive neural networks, as a representative approach to free‐space optical diffractive information processing, exploit the intrinsic advantages of light, including low power consumption and parallelism, to efficiently perform various visual tasks. For a specific visual task, such as optical classification, a physical decoder composed of cascaded diffractive surfaces must be carefully trained and subsequently fabricated with high precision. However, the precision manufacturing of diffractive processors typically involves substantial cost and produces devices that are not reprogrammable, thereby limiting the achievable parallelism for handling multiple targets. In this work, linear optical decoders in diffractive computing are virtualized as meta‐decoders without a physical embodiment. This approach enables a hybrid optical‐electronic classification framework that exploits correlations between optically inferred fields and computer‐generated virtual reference fields. The proposed scheme integrates computational ghost diffraction with diffractive computing, referred to as ghost classification. It provides several advantages, including single‐point detection, a lens‐free configuration, pattern‐independent flexibility, reprogrammability, and the ability to classify multi‐class targets in parallel. This work leverages the complementary strengths of hybrid optical‐electronic inference while incorporating lightweight electrical computations through multiplication‐only correlation operations. The resulting framework serves as a transitional architecture in which each processing unit remains physically interpretable rather than a black box.
{"title":"Ghost Classification Using Meta‐Decoders and Optical‐Electronic Correlations","authors":"Jilun Zhao, Jiaqi Zhang, Zhiyuan Ye, Hong‐Chao Liu, Hai‐Bo Wang, Jun Xiong","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202502943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202502943","url":null,"abstract":"Diffractive neural networks, as a representative approach to free‐space optical diffractive information processing, exploit the intrinsic advantages of light, including low power consumption and parallelism, to efficiently perform various visual tasks. For a specific visual task, such as optical classification, a physical decoder composed of cascaded diffractive surfaces must be carefully trained and subsequently fabricated with high precision. However, the precision manufacturing of diffractive processors typically involves substantial cost and produces devices that are not reprogrammable, thereby limiting the achievable parallelism for handling multiple targets. In this work, linear optical decoders in diffractive computing are virtualized as meta‐decoders without a physical embodiment. This approach enables a hybrid optical‐electronic classification framework that exploits correlations between optically inferred fields and computer‐generated virtual reference fields. The proposed scheme integrates computational ghost diffraction with diffractive computing, referred to as ghost classification. It provides several advantages, including single‐point detection, a lens‐free configuration, pattern‐independent flexibility, reprogrammability, and the ability to classify multi‐class targets in parallel. This work leverages the complementary strengths of hybrid optical‐electronic inference while incorporating lightweight electrical computations through multiplication‐only correlation operations. The resulting framework serves as a transitional architecture in which each processing unit remains physically interpretable rather than a black box.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present a portable liquid crystal (LC)-based optoelectronic hybrid neural network system for high-precision formaldehyde sensing. Central to the platform is an electrically tunable LC-on-Chip module, optimized via a progressive inverse design strategy that co-optimizes optical and neural network parameters. We introduce LC-chromatic aberration coding, a novel optical computing mechanism that efficiently captures rich spatial-spectral features, which are subsequently decoded by the integrated neural network to quantify formaldehyde with high selectivity. The compact device achieves approximately triple that of commercial kits and matches laboratory-grade spectrophotometers, despite occupying less than 1% of their volume. It further exhibits robust interference rejection against acetaldehyde and other VOCs in complex mixtures. By synergizing optical coding with co-optimized hardware and algorithm, this work bridges the gap between portability and lab-scale performance, enabling scalable, intelligent indoor air quality monitoring.
{"title":"Reconfigurable Optical Computing via Electrically Tunable Liquid Crystals: A Framework for Intelligent Miniaturized Spectroscopy","authors":"Zikang Li, Hui Li, Xiaoyue Song, Xianhui Zhu, Zhiwei Wang, Weixing Yu, Hongfei Liu, Yuntao Wu","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202502925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202502925","url":null,"abstract":"We present a portable liquid crystal (LC)-based optoelectronic hybrid neural network system for high-precision formaldehyde sensing. Central to the platform is an electrically tunable LC-on-Chip module, optimized via a progressive inverse design strategy that co-optimizes optical and neural network parameters. We introduce LC-chromatic aberration coding, a novel optical computing mechanism that efficiently captures rich spatial-spectral features, which are subsequently decoded by the integrated neural network to quantify formaldehyde with high selectivity. The compact device achieves approximately triple that of commercial kits and matches laboratory-grade spectrophotometers, despite occupying less than 1% of their volume. It further exhibits robust interference rejection against acetaldehyde and other VOCs in complex mixtures. By synergizing optical coding with co-optimized hardware and algorithm, this work bridges the gap between portability and lab-scale performance, enabling scalable, intelligent indoor air quality monitoring.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147447735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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