Da-Jie Yang, Yang Li, Ye-Qi Zhang, Lu Liu, Yuan-Hao Xie, Xingqiu Fu, Ji-Cai Liu, Qu-Quan Wang
Toroidal vortices, or vortex rings, are torus-shaped vortices observed in various fluid systems. Recently, optical toroidal vortices, novel solutions to Maxwell's equations, have been experimentally observed (Nat. Photonics, 2022, 16, 519). Thus, their nanoplasmonic counterparts, namely plasmonic toroidal vortices, are highly anticipated. This study aims to elucidate the generation and manifestation of plasmonic toroidal vortices. To achieve this, a technique involving the illumination of a gold nanotorus with a radially-polarized beam is employed. Notably, the plasmonic toroidal vortices exhibit a distinct photon flow trajectory along the minor radius of a nanotorus. This work presents an advancement in toroidal vortices within the plasmonic regime.
{"title":"Plasmonic Toroidal Vortices","authors":"Da-Jie Yang, Yang Li, Ye-Qi Zhang, Lu Liu, Yuan-Hao Xie, Xingqiu Fu, Ji-Cai Liu, Qu-Quan Wang","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202400474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202400474","url":null,"abstract":"Toroidal vortices, or vortex rings, are torus-shaped vortices observed in various fluid systems. Recently, optical toroidal vortices, novel solutions to Maxwell's equations, have been experimentally observed (Nat. Photonics, 2022, 16, 519). Thus, their nanoplasmonic counterparts, namely plasmonic toroidal vortices, are highly anticipated. This study aims to elucidate the generation and manifestation of plasmonic toroidal vortices. To achieve this, a technique involving the illumination of a gold nanotorus with a radially-polarized beam is employed. Notably, the plasmonic toroidal vortices exhibit a distinct photon flow trajectory along the minor radius of a nanotorus. This work presents an advancement in toroidal vortices within the plasmonic regime.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141334589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaibo Fang, Jiasen Zhang, Wei Li, Xilin Mu, Chunyu Liu, Yujie Wu, Tingting Feng, Xianfeng Qiao, Tao Wang, Ziyi Ge
Emitters with a hot exciton mechanism are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this study, a deep-blue emitter with the hot exciton mechanism is reported, namely 2An-PCz, by integrating a pair of carbazole groups with a 9,9′-bi-anthracene nucleus. Owing to the symmetric molecular architecture and intrinsic local excited state character, multiple high-lying reverse intersystem cross (hRISC) channels and large overlaps of frontier molecular orbits (FMOs) can be formed, facilitating rapid hRISC processes as well as enhancement of radiative transition rates simultaneously. Combined with the strong luminescence properties brought by the unique X-packing mode, a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 60.5% is achieved in the non-doped state. Strikingly, non-doped deep-blue OLEDs exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 10.50% with minimal efficient roll-off, which is one of the highest values for deep-blue organic light-emitting devices based on hot exciton emitters thus far. The magneto-electroluminescence (MEL) experiment and transient electroluminescence measurements corroborated that both the high EQE and suppressed efficiency roll-off are attributable to the rapid “hot exciton” channels.
{"title":"Symmetry Molecular Design Strategy for Highly Efficient Blue Electroluminescence with Hot Exciton Mechanisms","authors":"Kaibo Fang, Jiasen Zhang, Wei Li, Xilin Mu, Chunyu Liu, Yujie Wu, Tingting Feng, Xianfeng Qiao, Tao Wang, Ziyi Ge","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202400096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202400096","url":null,"abstract":"Emitters with a hot exciton mechanism are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this study, a deep-blue emitter with the hot exciton mechanism is reported, namely <b>2An-PCz</b>, by integrating a pair of carbazole groups with a 9,9′-bi-anthracene nucleus. Owing to the symmetric molecular architecture and intrinsic local excited state character, multiple high-lying reverse intersystem cross (<i>h</i>RISC) channels and large overlaps of frontier molecular orbits (FMOs) can be formed, facilitating rapid hRISC processes as well as enhancement of radiative transition rates simultaneously. Combined with the strong luminescence properties brought by the unique X-packing mode, a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 60.5% is achieved in the non-doped state. Strikingly, non-doped deep-blue OLEDs exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 10.50% with minimal efficient roll-off, which is one of the highest values for deep-blue organic light-emitting devices based on hot exciton emitters thus far. The magneto-electroluminescence (MEL) experiment and transient electroluminescence measurements corroborated that both the high EQE and suppressed efficiency roll-off are attributable to the rapid “hot exciton” channels.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu-Ru Li, Yan Li, Siqing Zeng, Annan Zhao, Shunyu Yao, Mingjie Zhang, Zhaohui Li
High-efficiency spatial light phase modulation with wide operating bandwidth is highly significant yet challenging. Dynamic metasurfaces leveraging active materials with tunable optical response provide a promising solution. Current work is generally confronted with restricted operation bandwidth and diminished modulation efficiency, constrained by the limited tunable range and inherent absorption of active materials particular at optical frequency. Recently, the emergence of lossless phase-change material Sb2Se3 has garnered widespread attention. Its unique characteristics, including near-zero absorption at near-infrared and a substantial refractive index contrast ≈0.93 during phase transition, enable the possibility of high-performance spatial light modulation. Pioneering studies have validated the capability of lossless phase-change metasurfaces for wavefront control, but are typically restricted to limited efficiency. Here, a hybrid phase-change metasurface utilizing over-coupled resonances supported by Sb2Se3 nanoholes is proposed. For the first time in optical frequency, high-efficiency 4-level phase modulation covering over π range is experimentally demonstrated with a sizable operating bandwidth of 42 nm and a minimum reflectance of exceeding 0.5. Leveraging optically driven localized phase-transition technique, dynamic beam deflection is further demonstrated. The work validates the tremendous potential of phase-change metasurfaces in achieving advanced spatial light control, signifying significant progress for the development and application of phase-change photonic devices.
{"title":"Lossless Phase-Change Material Enabled Wideband High-Efficiency Spatial Light Phase Modulation at Near-Infrared","authors":"Yu-Ru Li, Yan Li, Siqing Zeng, Annan Zhao, Shunyu Yao, Mingjie Zhang, Zhaohui Li","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202400293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202400293","url":null,"abstract":"High-efficiency spatial light phase modulation with wide operating bandwidth is highly significant yet challenging. Dynamic metasurfaces leveraging active materials with tunable optical response provide a promising solution. Current work is generally confronted with restricted operation bandwidth and diminished modulation efficiency, constrained by the limited tunable range and inherent absorption of active materials particular at optical frequency. Recently, the emergence of lossless phase-change material Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> has garnered widespread attention. Its unique characteristics, including near-zero absorption at near-infrared and a substantial refractive index contrast ≈0.93 during phase transition, enable the possibility of high-performance spatial light modulation. Pioneering studies have validated the capability of lossless phase-change metasurfaces for wavefront control, but are typically restricted to limited efficiency. Here, a hybrid phase-change metasurface utilizing over-coupled resonances supported by Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> nanoholes is proposed. For the first time in optical frequency, high-efficiency 4-level phase modulation covering over π range is experimentally demonstrated with a sizable operating bandwidth of 42 nm and a minimum reflectance of exceeding 0.5. Leveraging optically driven localized phase-transition technique, dynamic beam deflection is further demonstrated. The work validates the tremendous potential of phase-change metasurfaces in achieving advanced spatial light control, signifying significant progress for the development and application of phase-change photonic devices.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141334631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Quantum dense coding (QDC) provides great potential for high-capacity quantum communication. However, it is highly demanded for practical applications to realize high-capacity QDC with multiple coded information. Here, a high-capacity QDC with multiple streams is reported in different channels simultaneously through frequency-division multiplexing (FDM). The broadband entangled state is generated from a pair of degenerate optic al parametric amplifiers with short cavity lengths. Based on the resultant broadband entanglement, multiple pieces of information coded using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) are transferred with the FDM method. As an experimental demonstration, four pieces of information composed of pseudo-random numbers are transmitted at a rate of 4 Mbit s–1 using BPSK encoding. The decoded bit error rate reaches
{"title":"Frequency-Division Multiplexing Continuous Variable Quantum Dense Coding with Broadband Entanglement","authors":"Shaocong Liang, Jialin Cheng, Jiliang Qin, Jiatong Li, Yi Shi, Baiyun Zeng, Zhihui Yan, Xiaojun Jia, Changde Xie, Kunchi Peng","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202400094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202400094","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum dense coding (QDC) provides great potential for high-capacity quantum communication. However, it is highly demanded for practical applications to realize high-capacity QDC with multiple coded information. Here, a high-capacity QDC with multiple streams is reported in different channels simultaneously through frequency-division multiplexing (FDM). The broadband entangled state is generated from a pair of degenerate optic al parametric amplifiers with short cavity lengths. Based on the resultant broadband entanglement, multiple pieces of information coded using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) are transferred with the FDM method. As an experimental demonstration, four pieces of information composed of pseudo-random numbers are transmitted at a rate of 4 Mbit s<sup>–1</sup> using BPSK encoding. The decoded bit error rate reaches <span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/13f17340-5f97-4662-8fc7-cbd253267378/lpor202400094-math-0001.png\"></span><mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"1\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/lpor202400094-math-0001.png\"><mjx-semantics><mjx-msup data-semantic-children=\"0,3\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-speech=\"10 Superscript negative 3\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"><mjx-c></mjx-c><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: 0.393em;\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-children=\"2\" data-semantic-content=\"1\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"negative\" data-semantic-type=\"prefixop\" size=\"s\"><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"prefixop,−\" data-semantic-parent=\"3\" data-semantic-role=\"subtraction\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" rspace=\"1\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"3\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mn></mjx-mrow></mjx-script></mjx-msup></mjx-semantics></mjx-math><mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"><math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:18638880:media:lpor202400094:lpor202400094-math-0001\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/lpor202400094-math-0001.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><semantics><msup data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-children=\"0,3\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-speech=\"10 Superscript negative 3\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"><mn data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\">10</mn><mrow data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-children=\"2\" data-seman","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yue-E Ji, Yushu Wang, Ziting Wang, Tao Wang, Yinghao Fu, Zhenghua Zhu, Yu Wang, Lingling Ma, Yanqing Lu
Materials with structural coloration capable of multimode color manipulation are gaining growing significance for advanced encryption and high-security anti-counterfeiting applications. Among the most promising candidates are naturally derived biomaterials, owing to their renewable, biocompatible, and biodegradable features for developing sustainable, bio-interfaced photonic platforms. Nevertheless, structural color encryption strategies developed from biological materials usually exhibit limited optical operation modes, lowering their encryption capability and security level. Here, an all-biomass-based photonic crystal platform is reported that hierarchically integrates chiral nematic and inverse opal structures through a combination of colloidal assembly, silk protein self-assembly, and chiral self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals, enabling multiplex structural color manipulation in 2D and 3D spaces. The platform's Janus-style integration brings specular and diffuse reflection, direction-dependent reflection, circular dichroism, and birefringence into a single form, thereby facilitating multimode structural color tuning in a 2D plane by altering the illumination-viewing modes. The inherent shape plasticity of silk proteins allows the subsequent creation of 3D photonic platforms with diverse configurations, offering additional spatial flexibility for color encoding. It is demonstrated that this all-biomass-based photonic framework exhibits versatile, multilevel, and high-capacity encryption capability in 2D and 3D spaces, representing an innovative solution to bolster security measures against counterfeiting for future technologies.
{"title":"All-Biomass-Based Hierarchical Photonic Crystals with Multimode Modulable Structural Colors and Morphing Properties for Optical Encryption","authors":"Yue-E Ji, Yushu Wang, Ziting Wang, Tao Wang, Yinghao Fu, Zhenghua Zhu, Yu Wang, Lingling Ma, Yanqing Lu","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202400621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202400621","url":null,"abstract":"Materials with structural coloration capable of multimode color manipulation are gaining growing significance for advanced encryption and high-security anti-counterfeiting applications. Among the most promising candidates are naturally derived biomaterials, owing to their renewable, biocompatible, and biodegradable features for developing sustainable, bio-interfaced photonic platforms. Nevertheless, structural color encryption strategies developed from biological materials usually exhibit limited optical operation modes, lowering their encryption capability and security level. Here, an all-biomass-based photonic crystal platform is reported that hierarchically integrates chiral nematic and inverse opal structures through a combination of colloidal assembly, silk protein self-assembly, and chiral self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals, enabling multiplex structural color manipulation in 2D and 3D spaces. The platform's Janus-style integration brings specular and diffuse reflection, direction-dependent reflection, circular dichroism, and birefringence into a single form, thereby facilitating multimode structural color tuning in a 2D plane by altering the illumination-viewing modes. The inherent shape plasticity of silk proteins allows the subsequent creation of 3D photonic platforms with diverse configurations, offering additional spatial flexibility for color encoding. It is demonstrated that this all-biomass-based photonic framework exhibits versatile, multilevel, and high-capacity encryption capability in 2D and 3D spaces, representing an innovative solution to bolster security measures against counterfeiting for future technologies.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dehai Liang, Meng Wang, Shuangyi Zhao, Zhiyuan Xu, Saif M. H. Qaid, Qingkai Qian, Zhigang Zang
Recently, zinc-based metal halides have attracted numerous attention due to their excellent stability, low toxicity, and wide bandgaps. However, [ZnX4]2− tetrahedra in zinc-based halides are found to be non-optically active, which leads to poor photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs). Herein, Sb3+ ions are doped into hybrid zinc-based halides of (C8H26N4)ZnCl6 single crystals (SCs) via an evaporative crystallization method. Compared with undoped (C8H26N4)ZnCl6 SCs with weak blue emission, Sb3+-doped (C8H26N4)ZnCl6 SCs exhibit a strong broadband emission centered at 694 nm with a high PLQY of 67%, which is confirmed to be derived from self-trapped excitons (STEs) of Sb3+ luminescent centers. Subsequently, Sb3+-doped (C8H26N4)ZnCl6 is employed in flexible scintillation films, which demonstrates remarkable X-ray imaging of complex objects with a spatial resolution of 3.6 lp mm−1 and a detection limit of 123.8 µGyair s−1, proving its promising potential in flexible X-ray imaging applications.
{"title":"Luminescence Improvement of Hybrid Zinc-Based Halides via Sb3+-Doping for Flexible X-Ray Imaging","authors":"Dehai Liang, Meng Wang, Shuangyi Zhao, Zhiyuan Xu, Saif M. H. Qaid, Qingkai Qian, Zhigang Zang","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202400244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202400244","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, zinc-based metal halides have attracted numerous attention due to their excellent stability, low toxicity, and wide bandgaps. However, [ZnX<sub>4</sub>]<sup>2−</sup> tetrahedra in zinc-based halides are found to be non-optically active, which leads to poor photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs). Herein, Sb<sup>3+</sup> ions are doped into hybrid zinc-based halides of (C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>26</sub>N<sub>4</sub>)ZnCl<sub>6</sub> single crystals (SCs) via an evaporative crystallization method. Compared with undoped (C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>26</sub>N<sub>4</sub>)ZnCl<sub>6</sub> SCs with weak blue emission, Sb<sup>3+</sup>-doped (C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>26</sub>N<sub>4</sub>)ZnCl<sub>6</sub> SCs exhibit a strong broadband emission centered at 694 nm with a high PLQY of 67%, which is confirmed to be derived from self-trapped excitons (STEs) of Sb<sup>3+</sup> luminescent centers. Subsequently, Sb<sup>3+</sup>-doped (C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>26</sub>N<sub>4</sub>)ZnCl<sub>6</sub> is employed in flexible scintillation films, which demonstrates remarkable X-ray imaging of complex objects with a spatial resolution of 3.6 lp mm<sup>−1</sup> and a detection limit of 123.8 µGy<sub>air</sub> s<sup>−1</sup>, proving its promising potential in flexible X-ray imaging applications.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141334645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruiying Lu, Xinyao Zhang, Yuanyuan Fang, Xue Wu, Mochen Jia, Kai Wang, Jinfei Wu, Qian Li, Zhen Sun
Mixed-valence europium ions-activated phosphors have distinct advantages in color modulation, dynamic anti-counterfeiting, and optical sensors. Nevertheless, it is still a challenge to obtain mixed-valence europium ions in single compounds by facile self-reduction. Herein, the crystal structure of a 3D hexagonal network formed by SiO4/AlO4 tetrahedra is demonstrated to play a significant role in the spontaneous reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ based on SrAl2Si2O8, Sr2SiO4, SrAl2O4 hosts. The crystal field theory and Judd-Ofelt theory provide a deeper understanding of Eu2+ and Eu3+ luminescence behavior, namely, the low energy spectra of Eu2+ are more easily observed in crystal structure with high polarizability and octahedral coordination, whereas the spectra properties of Eu3+ are affected by the symmetry of local environment and crystal rigidity. For SrAl2Si2O8: 0.02Eu2+/Eu3+, multi-mode thermometry is explored in terms of the luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) of Eu2+/Eu3+, luminescence intensity (LI) and full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of Eu2+ with maximal relative sensitivity reaching 3.83% K−1. This study presents the first exploration of optical manometry based on the LIR mode of Eu2+/Eu3+ with excellent sensitivity (Sr = 18.13% GPa−1). This work not only provides a novel strategy for the design of mixed-valence ions-activated materials but also constructs promising optical thermometry, and manometry candidates.
{"title":"Europium Ions Self-Reduction Benefiting from AlO4/Si(Al)O4 Network Structure for Multimode Optical Thermometry Manometry","authors":"Ruiying Lu, Xinyao Zhang, Yuanyuan Fang, Xue Wu, Mochen Jia, Kai Wang, Jinfei Wu, Qian Li, Zhen Sun","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202400409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202400409","url":null,"abstract":"Mixed-valence europium ions-activated phosphors have distinct advantages in color modulation, dynamic anti-counterfeiting, and optical sensors. Nevertheless, it is still a challenge to obtain mixed-valence europium ions in single compounds by facile self-reduction. Herein, the crystal structure of a 3D hexagonal network formed by SiO<sub>4</sub>/AlO<sub>4</sub> tetrahedra is demonstrated to play a significant role in the spontaneous reduction of Eu<sup>3+</sup> to Eu<sup>2+</sup> based on SrAl<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>, Sr<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>, SrAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> hosts. The crystal field theory and Judd-Ofelt theory provide a deeper understanding of Eu<sup>2+</sup> and Eu<sup>3+</sup> luminescence behavior, namely, the low energy spectra of Eu<sup>2+</sup> are more easily observed in crystal structure with high polarizability and octahedral coordination, whereas the spectra properties of Eu<sup>3+</sup> are affected by the symmetry of local environment and crystal rigidity. For SrAl<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>: 0.02Eu<sup>2+</sup>/Eu<sup>3+</sup>, multi-mode thermometry is explored in terms of the luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) of Eu<sup>2+</sup>/Eu<sup>3+</sup>, luminescence intensity (LI) and full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of Eu<sup>2+</sup> with maximal relative sensitivity reaching 3.83% K<sup>−1</sup>. This study presents the first exploration of optical manometry based on the LIR mode of Eu<sup>2+</sup>/Eu<sup>3+</sup> with excellent sensitivity (<i>S<sub>r</sub></i> = 18.13% GPa<sup>−1</sup>). This work not only provides a novel strategy for the design of mixed-valence ions-activated materials but also constructs promising optical thermometry, and manometry candidates.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141329492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yandong Li, Minwoo Jung, Yang Yu, Yuchen Han, Baile Zhang, Gennady Shvets
Interferometers and beam splitters are fundamental building blocks for photonic neuromorphic and quantum computing machinery. In waveguide-based photonic integrated circuits, beam-splitting is achieved with directional couplers that rely on transition regions where the waveguides are adiabatically bent to suppress back-reflection. In this study, a novel, compact approach for introducing guided mode coupling is presented. Along the multimodal domain wall between topological photonic crystals, the photonic spin is conserved to suppress back-reflection, and the topological protection of the valley degree of freedom is relaxed to implement tunable beam splitting. Rapid advancements in chip-scale topological photonics suggest that the proposed simultaneous utilization of multiple topological degrees of freedom could benefit the development of novel photonic computing platforms.
{"title":"Topological Directional Coupler","authors":"Yandong Li, Minwoo Jung, Yang Yu, Yuchen Han, Baile Zhang, Gennady Shvets","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202301313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202301313","url":null,"abstract":"Interferometers and beam splitters are fundamental building blocks for photonic neuromorphic and quantum computing machinery. In waveguide-based photonic integrated circuits, beam-splitting is achieved with directional couplers that rely on transition regions where the waveguides are adiabatically bent to suppress back-reflection. In this study, a novel, compact approach for introducing guided mode coupling is presented. Along the multimodal domain wall between topological photonic crystals, the photonic spin is conserved to suppress back-reflection, and the topological protection of the valley degree of freedom is relaxed to implement tunable beam splitting. Rapid advancements in chip-scale topological photonics suggest that the proposed simultaneous utilization of multiple topological degrees of freedom could benefit the development of novel photonic computing platforms.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141329560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jue Wang, Kangrui Wang, Chengkun Cai, Tianhao Fu, Jian Wang
Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) techniques based on various spatial mode bases are of great significance in satisfying the demand for efficient capacity scaling. With the development of diverse MDM systems, the seamless connection and integration between them are particularly important. In this scenario, a laudable goal would be to implement flexible spatial mode-based mapping. To break the barrier between different MDM systems, a compact 3D photonic device based on diffractive neural network (DNN) is presented for mode-based mapping, transforming orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes into linearly polarized (LP) modes. Through simulations and experiments, a four-layer optical neural network mode mapper (ONNMM) is successfully demonstrated, exhibiting its capability of mapping five orthogonal spatial modes between OAM and LP mode bases simultaneously. The ONNMM shows a vision for grooming MDM optical communications and interconnects, as well as other emerging applications enabled by intelligent 3D integrated compact devices.
{"title":"Diffractive Neural Network on a 3D Photonic Device for Spatial Mode Bases Mapping","authors":"Jue Wang, Kangrui Wang, Chengkun Cai, Tianhao Fu, Jian Wang","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202400634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202400634","url":null,"abstract":"Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) techniques based on various spatial mode bases are of great significance in satisfying the demand for efficient capacity scaling. With the development of diverse MDM systems, the seamless connection and integration between them are particularly important. In this scenario, a laudable goal would be to implement flexible spatial mode-based mapping. To break the barrier between different MDM systems, a compact 3D photonic device based on diffractive neural network (DNN) is presented for mode-based mapping, transforming orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes into linearly polarized (LP) modes. Through simulations and experiments, a four-layer optical neural network mode mapper (ONNMM) is successfully demonstrated, exhibiting its capability of mapping five orthogonal spatial modes between OAM and LP mode bases simultaneously. The ONNMM shows a vision for grooming MDM optical communications and interconnects, as well as other emerging applications enabled by intelligent 3D integrated compact devices.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141329553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two-photon photodynamic therapy (TP-PDT), which utilizes near-infrared light to excite photosensitizer via two-photon excitation (TPE), is a promising modality in the treatment of deeply seated tumors or thick tumors. However, the TPE domain is much smaller than the tumor volume, significantly limiting the therapeutical outcomes of TP-PDT. Here, a light-sheet TPE system is designed and constructed using a cylindrical lens for highly efficient TP-PDT. The light-sheet TPE performance is characterized and optimized via theoretical analysis and experimental studies in solution, phantom, and tumor. The optimized excitation system can reach a large TPE domain of 2.6 × 2.7 × 0.09 mm in the tumor, which is not achievable using conventional TPE methods, enabling TPE and subsequently generated reactive oxygen species to cover the whole tumor under line-scanning. Outstanding TP-PDT therapeutic performance of 70% tumor growth inhibition rate is achieved under line-scanned light-sheet TPE, making the proposed light-sheet excited TP-PDT a potential therapeutic tool for future translational research.
{"title":"Highly Efficient Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy Using Light-Sheet Excitation","authors":"Wen Pang, Chen Wang, Wenbo Wu, Xunbin Wei, Bobo Gu","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202400753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202400753","url":null,"abstract":"Two-photon photodynamic therapy (TP-PDT), which utilizes near-infrared light to excite photosensitizer via two-photon excitation (TPE), is a promising modality in the treatment of deeply seated tumors or thick tumors. However, the TPE domain is much smaller than the tumor volume, significantly limiting the therapeutical outcomes of TP-PDT. Here, a light-sheet TPE system is designed and constructed using a cylindrical lens for highly efficient TP-PDT. The light-sheet TPE performance is characterized and optimized via theoretical analysis and experimental studies in solution, phantom, and tumor. The optimized excitation system can reach a large TPE domain of 2.6 × 2.7 × 0.09 mm in the tumor, which is not achievable using conventional TPE methods, enabling TPE and subsequently generated reactive oxygen species to cover the whole tumor under line-scanning. Outstanding TP-PDT therapeutic performance of 70% tumor growth inhibition rate is achieved under line-scanned light-sheet TPE, making the proposed light-sheet excited TP-PDT a potential therapeutic tool for future translational research.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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