Zuzanna Werner, Andrzej Frączak, Valtýr Kári Daníelsson, Jacek Szczytko, Barbara Piętka, Helgi Sigurðsson
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light appears when the phase of an electromagnetic wavefront winds around its direction of propagation, also known as optical vorticity. Contrary to the binary‐valued photon spin, the integer‐valued optical vortex charge is unbounded with many advantages in optical communication and trapping and enhancing the capacity of data encoding and multiplexing. Singular optoelectronic and chiroptic quantum technologies rely on the development of coherent and compact light sources of well‐defined and reconfigurable OAM. An optically tunable discrete chiral exciton‐polariton microlaser is proposed, which leverages strong spin‐dependent polariton interactions, structured pumping, and inherent cavity photon spin‐to‐angular momentum conversion to emit coherent nonlinear light of variable OAM. By choosing pumping patterns with broken inversion symmetry in the microcavity plane, geometric frustration is invoked between spinor ballistic condensates which spontaneously obtain a high‐charge circulating current locked with the pump polarization. This optically configurable system requires only a planar cavity, thus avoiding the need for specialized irreversible cavity patterning or metasurfaces.
{"title":"Discrete Chiral Ballistic Polariton Laser","authors":"Zuzanna Werner, Andrzej Frączak, Valtýr Kári Daníelsson, Jacek Szczytko, Barbara Piętka, Helgi Sigurðsson","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202500195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202500195","url":null,"abstract":"Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light appears when the phase of an electromagnetic wavefront winds around its direction of propagation, also known as optical vorticity. Contrary to the binary‐valued photon spin, the integer‐valued optical vortex charge is unbounded with many advantages in optical communication and trapping and enhancing the capacity of data encoding and multiplexing. Singular optoelectronic and chiroptic quantum technologies rely on the development of coherent and compact light sources of well‐defined and reconfigurable OAM. An optically tunable <jats:italic>discrete chiral exciton‐polariton microlaser</jats:italic> is proposed, which leverages strong spin‐dependent polariton interactions, structured pumping, and inherent cavity photon spin‐to‐angular momentum conversion to emit coherent nonlinear light of variable OAM. By choosing pumping patterns with broken inversion symmetry in the microcavity plane, geometric frustration is invoked between spinor ballistic condensates which spontaneously obtain a high‐charge circulating current locked with the pump polarization. This optically configurable system requires only a planar cavity, thus avoiding the need for specialized irreversible cavity patterning or metasurfaces.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diffractive deep neural network (D2NN), known for its high speed and strong parallelism, is applied across various fields, including pattern recognition, image processing, and image transmission. However, existing network architectures primarily focus on data representation within the original domain, with limited exploration of the latent space, thereby restricting the information mining capabilities and multifunctional integration of D2NNs. Here, an all‐optical autoencoder (OAE) framework is proposed that linearly encodes the input wavefield into a prior shape distribution in the diffractive latent space (DLS) and decodes the encoded pattern back to the original wavefield. By leveraging the bidirectional multiplexing property of D2NN, the OAE modelsfunction as encoders in one direction and as decoders in the opposite direction. The models are applied to three areas: image denoising, noise‐resistant reconfigurable image classification, and image generation. Proof‐of‐concept experiments are conducted to validate numerical simulations. The OAE framework exploits the potential of latent representations, enabling single set of diffractive processors to simultaneously achieve image reconstruction, representation, and generation. This work not only offers fresh insights into the design of optical generative models but also paves the way for developing multifunctional, highly integrated, and general optical intelligent systems.
{"title":"All‐Optical Autoencoder Machine Learning Framework Using Linear Diffractive Processors","authors":"Peijie Feng, Yong Tan, Mingzhe Chong, Lintao Li, Zongkun Zhang, Fubei Liu, Yongzheng Wen, Yunhua Tan","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202401945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202401945","url":null,"abstract":"Diffractive deep neural network (D<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>NN), known for its high speed and strong parallelism, is applied across various fields, including pattern recognition, image processing, and image transmission. However, existing network architectures primarily focus on data representation within the original domain, with limited exploration of the latent space, thereby restricting the information mining capabilities and multifunctional integration of D<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>NNs. Here, an all‐optical autoencoder (OAE) framework is proposed that linearly encodes the input wavefield into a prior shape distribution in the diffractive latent space (DLS) and decodes the encoded pattern back to the original wavefield. By leveraging the bidirectional multiplexing property of D<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>NN, the OAE modelsfunction as encoders in one direction and as decoders in the opposite direction. The models are applied to three areas: image denoising, noise‐resistant reconfigurable image classification, and image generation. Proof‐of‐concept experiments are conducted to validate numerical simulations. The OAE framework exploits the potential of latent representations, enabling single set of diffractive processors to simultaneously achieve image reconstruction, representation, and generation. This work not only offers fresh insights into the design of optical generative models but also paves the way for developing multifunctional, highly integrated, and general optical intelligent systems.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Piotr Zdańkowski, Julianna Winnik, Mikołaj Rogalski, Marcin J. Marzejon, Emilia Wdowiak, Wioleta Dudka, Michał Józwik, Maciej Trusiak
In this contribution a novel polarization gratings aided common‐path Hilbert holotomography (CP‐HHT) is presented for label‐free 3D refractive index imaging. Addressing limitations in current holotomography methods, the extended space‐bandwidth product is leveraged through robust phase demodulation using the Hilbert spiral transform. The application of polarization diffraction gratings in this system enables fully tailored holographic settings such as fringe density and shear, allowing flexible hologram demodulation, while maintaining simplicity and robustness. The performance is tested using 3D‐printed (fabricated with two‐photon polymerization) brain phantom and fixed HeLa cells supplemented with cholesterol and oleic acids. Reconstruction analysis using the brain phantom indicates that the Hilbert method provides improved spatial resolution to the Fourier transform method in a significantly expanded measurement information content. This CP‐HHT approach demonstrates the unique (not possible by fluorescence) ability to measure the lipid droplets enriched with cholesterol and oleic acid and highlights that they exhibit measurable differences in their refractive index values. These findings suggest that this method is sensitive to variations in neutral lipid content, offering promising insights into lipid droplet heterogeneity and supporting its potential for label‐free sub‐cellular bioimaging applications, thus reinforcing the versatility and applicability of this CP‐HHT system in broader bioimaging applications.
{"title":"Polarization Gratings Aided Common‐Path Hilbert Holotomography for Label‐Free Lipid Droplets Content Assay","authors":"Piotr Zdańkowski, Julianna Winnik, Mikołaj Rogalski, Marcin J. Marzejon, Emilia Wdowiak, Wioleta Dudka, Michał Józwik, Maciej Trusiak","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202401474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202401474","url":null,"abstract":"In this contribution a novel polarization gratings aided common‐path Hilbert holotomography (CP‐HHT) is presented for label‐free 3D refractive index imaging. Addressing limitations in current holotomography methods, the extended space‐bandwidth product is leveraged through robust phase demodulation using the Hilbert spiral transform. The application of polarization diffraction gratings in this system enables fully tailored holographic settings such as fringe density and shear, allowing flexible hologram demodulation, while maintaining simplicity and robustness. The performance is tested using 3D‐printed (fabricated with two‐photon polymerization) brain phantom and fixed HeLa cells supplemented with cholesterol and oleic acids. Reconstruction analysis using the brain phantom indicates that the Hilbert method provides improved spatial resolution to the Fourier transform method in a significantly expanded measurement information content. This CP‐HHT approach demonstrates the unique (not possible by fluorescence) ability to measure the lipid droplets enriched with cholesterol and oleic acid and highlights that they exhibit measurable differences in their refractive index values. These findings suggest that this method is sensitive to variations in neutral lipid content, offering promising insights into lipid droplet heterogeneity and supporting its potential for label‐free sub‐cellular bioimaging applications, thus reinforcing the versatility and applicability of this CP‐HHT system in broader bioimaging applications.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xijie Wang, Ziliang Ruan, Fei Huang, Bin Chen, Gengxin Chen, Weike Zhao, Liu Liu
The demand for wearable devices, chemical sensing, and medical diagnostics has driven rapid development of miniaturized spectrometers. Reconstructive spectrometers can achieve spectral measurements with a high‐resolution and wide bandwidth by utilizing complex mapping of spectra in time or spatial domains. However, achieving reconstruction with a high bandwidth‐to‐resolution ratio still requires long calibration time and large power consumption. Here, an integrated single‐drive reconstructive spectrometer chip is proposed and demonstrated on the thin film lithium niobate platform using hybrid spatial and time speckles. By utilizing long and ultra‐low loss electro‐optic tunable spiral waveguides, 5pm high resolution and 95 nm wide bandwidth for spectral recovery around 1550 nm wavelength are achieved under a voltage scanning of ±50 V. A record‐low peak power of 5.1 µW and energy consumption of 0.252 µJ at a scan rate of 10 Hz is also achieved. Combined with neural network algorithms, the device can perform ultrafast spectral classification within 12.6 µs under driving voltage of only ±3 V, which has great potential in real‐time and low‐power spectral analyses.
{"title":"Low‐Power and Fast‐Scan Reconstructive Spectrometer Chip with pm Resolution on Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate","authors":"Xijie Wang, Ziliang Ruan, Fei Huang, Bin Chen, Gengxin Chen, Weike Zhao, Liu Liu","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202500163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202500163","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for wearable devices, chemical sensing, and medical diagnostics has driven rapid development of miniaturized spectrometers. Reconstructive spectrometers can achieve spectral measurements with a high‐resolution and wide bandwidth by utilizing complex mapping of spectra in time or spatial domains. However, achieving reconstruction with a high bandwidth‐to‐resolution ratio still requires long calibration time and large power consumption. Here, an integrated single‐drive reconstructive spectrometer chip is proposed and demonstrated on the thin film lithium niobate platform using hybrid spatial and time speckles. By utilizing long and ultra‐low loss electro‐optic tunable spiral waveguides, 5pm high resolution and 95 nm wide bandwidth for spectral recovery around 1550 nm wavelength are achieved under a voltage scanning of ±50 V. A record‐low peak power of 5.1 µW and energy consumption of 0.252 µJ at a scan rate of 10 Hz is also achieved. Combined with neural network algorithms, the device can perform ultrafast spectral classification within 12.6 µs under driving voltage of only ±3 V, which has great potential in real‐time and low‐power spectral analyses.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"217 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinrui Li, Qiaolu Chen, Liga Bai, Wenhao Li, Fujia Chen, Yudong Ren, Yuang Pan, Ning Han, Mingyu Tong, Lu Zhang, Hongsheng Chen, Yihao Yang
Cladding layers are seemingly indispensable components in photonic integrated circuits to confine light and prevent cross‐talk, which, however, fundamentally limit miniaturization and integration capabilities. Zero‐spacing waveguide arrays enabled by photonic crystals with shifted spatial dispersions provide a potential solution to the above challenge, whose demonstration, however, has been limited to microwaves. Here, on‐chip ultracompact cladding‐free waveguide arrays with 100% space utilization efficiency at terahertz frequencies are reported on an all‐silicon platform. Different from the previous approach operating along one single dimension, the design can work in two dimensions, allowing for a concept of cladding‐free resonators that are previously unattainable. The experimental results show a high inter‐channel separation between two neighbor zero‐spacing waveguides and a communication data rate of 12.8 Gbit s−1 per channel. The work provides a promising on‐chip cladding‐free solution for high‐density optical/THz integrated circuits and opens a route toward broadband datalinks, offering transformative potential for information processing and 6G‐to‐XG communications.
{"title":"Cladding‐Free On‐Chip Ultracompact Photonic Devices","authors":"Xinrui Li, Qiaolu Chen, Liga Bai, Wenhao Li, Fujia Chen, Yudong Ren, Yuang Pan, Ning Han, Mingyu Tong, Lu Zhang, Hongsheng Chen, Yihao Yang","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202402117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202402117","url":null,"abstract":"Cladding layers are seemingly indispensable components in photonic integrated circuits to confine light and prevent cross‐talk, which, however, fundamentally limit miniaturization and integration capabilities. Zero‐spacing waveguide arrays enabled by photonic crystals with shifted spatial dispersions provide a potential solution to the above challenge, whose demonstration, however, has been limited to microwaves. Here, on‐chip ultracompact cladding‐free waveguide arrays with 100% space utilization efficiency at terahertz frequencies are reported on an all‐silicon platform. Different from the previous approach operating along one single dimension, the design can work in two dimensions, allowing for a concept of cladding‐free resonators that are previously unattainable. The experimental results show a high inter‐channel separation between two neighbor zero‐spacing waveguides and a communication data rate of 12.8 Gbit s<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> per channel. The work provides a promising on‐chip cladding‐free solution for high‐density optical/THz integrated circuits and opens a route toward broadband datalinks, offering transformative potential for information processing and 6G‐to‐XG communications.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziyao Lyu, Tao Dong, Yijie Du, Hong Chen, Changshun Wang
Holography is an essential platform for optical detection using different physical dimensions of light and has been recently introduced into quantum optics with the advantages of high robustness and enhanced optical resolution. Here, atom‐based vectorial holography (AVH) is demonstrated through a two‐photon transition to expand the applicability of quantum holographic detection from the optical band to the microwave band. Based on the theoretical analysis in terms of the Jones matrix and atom‐field interaction Hamiltonian, it is clarified that the diffraction characteristic of AVH depends on the wideband coupling of microwave and optical fields and the physical properties of microwaves can be all‐optically detected via the AVH‐based quantum holographic scheme. Moreover, AVH is realized experimentally in a four‐level quantum system and enables multidimensional characterization of polarization, phase, and amplitude of polarized microwaves over a broad frequency range across millimeter‐ and centimeter‐wave bands. This work provides a path toward broadband holographic detection for frequencies outside the optical band to support the advancement of holography in quantum science.
{"title":"Atom‐Based Vectorial Holography for Multidimensional Microwave Detection via Broadband Microwave‐To‐Optical Conversion","authors":"Ziyao Lyu, Tao Dong, Yijie Du, Hong Chen, Changshun Wang","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202402197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202402197","url":null,"abstract":"Holography is an essential platform for optical detection using different physical dimensions of light and has been recently introduced into quantum optics with the advantages of high robustness and enhanced optical resolution. Here, atom‐based vectorial holography (AVH) is demonstrated through a two‐photon transition to expand the applicability of quantum holographic detection from the optical band to the microwave band. Based on the theoretical analysis in terms of the Jones matrix and atom‐field interaction Hamiltonian, it is clarified that the diffraction characteristic of AVH depends on the wideband coupling of microwave and optical fields and the physical properties of microwaves can be all‐optically detected via the AVH‐based quantum holographic scheme. Moreover, AVH is realized experimentally in a four‐level quantum system and enables multidimensional characterization of polarization, phase, and amplitude of polarized microwaves over a broad frequency range across millimeter‐ and centimeter‐wave bands. This work provides a path toward broadband holographic detection for frequencies outside the optical band to support the advancement of holography in quantum science.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Creating dual‐modal metal halide perovskite (MHP)‐based photodetectors (PDs) capable of working in either broadband or narrowband modes would enhance optical communication systems. However, challenges such as complex fabrication, and limited detection range (<900 nm) still exist. Herein, self‐powered, dual‐modal PDs‐based on MHPs are demonstrated, which integrate vertical interfacial pyro‐phototronic effect (IPPE) and lateral photothermoelectric effect (PTEE), via doping these crystals with Ag+ and integrating with wide spectrum absorber. The high‐performance narrowband photodetection results from vertical charge collection narrowing effect (CCN)‐assisted IPPE, enabling light with specific wavelength to penetrate into the interface, with high carrier separation efficiency and temperature rise. In lateral PD, broadband metamaterial absorbers as counter electrodes improved photothermal conversion and expanded light absorption, achieving ultra‐broadband responses from 360 to 2200 nm. By changing the halide type of the MHP single crystals (SCs), the specific response band of narrowband PD can be modulated from purple light to red light, while maintaining the wide spectrum response capability. The dual‐modal photodetection is fully used to achieve double encryption during signal transmission. The work offers a promising approach for designing multi‐modal PDs for wireless communication and data security, applicable in optical imaging, biomedical, and intelligent sensing.
{"title":"Vertical Pyro‐Phototronic Effect and Lateral Photothermoelectric Effect in Perovskite Single Crystals‐Based Photodetector for Narrowband and Broadband Dual‐Modal Optical Communications","authors":"Wenzhi Hu, Rui Yan, Yunxia Ma, Ridong Cong, Xingkun Ning, Dan Zhang, Yao Liu, Leipeng Li, Shufang Wang, Zheng Yang, Caofeng Pan, Linjuan Guo","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202401990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202401990","url":null,"abstract":"Creating dual‐modal metal halide perovskite (MHP)‐based photodetectors (PDs) capable of working in either broadband or narrowband modes would enhance optical communication systems. However, challenges such as complex fabrication, and limited detection range (<900 nm) still exist. Herein, self‐powered, dual‐modal PDs‐based on MHPs are demonstrated, which integrate vertical interfacial pyro‐phototronic effect (IPPE) and lateral photothermoelectric effect (PTEE), via doping these crystals with Ag+ and integrating with wide spectrum absorber. The high‐performance narrowband photodetection results from vertical charge collection narrowing effect (CCN)‐assisted IPPE, enabling light with specific wavelength to penetrate into the interface, with high carrier separation efficiency and temperature rise. In lateral PD, broadband metamaterial absorbers as counter electrodes improved photothermal conversion and expanded light absorption, achieving ultra‐broadband responses from 360 to 2200 nm. By changing the halide type of the MHP single crystals (SCs), the specific response band of narrowband PD can be modulated from purple light to red light, while maintaining the wide spectrum response capability. The dual‐modal photodetection is fully used to achieve double encryption during signal transmission. The work offers a promising approach for designing multi‐modal PDs for wireless communication and data security, applicable in optical imaging, biomedical, and intelligent sensing.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Compared with external coherent light manipulation, the realization of unilateral‐oriented thermal emission is more challenging. Although a specific metasurface is confirmed of the angular selectivity, the emissivity is generally mirror‐symmetric along the surface normal for uncorrelated phases between different positions of the thermal source. Here, from the metallic patch array conditions derived for unilateral thermal emission, a phase‐gradient metasurface in combination with surface plasmon polaritons is demonstrated which exhibit wide‐angled unilateral enhancements of thermal emission while the radiations in the symmetric directions are suppressed. By directly heating the device to 120 °C, the acquired spatial thermal emission spectrums indicate that at a wavelength of λ = 11.5 µm, the changed emissivity 0.61–0.46 with the orientation angle from 10° to 40° is asymmetric to 0.32–0.21 from −10° to −40°. Dealing with the phase response of meta‐atoms, the proposed method and phase‐modulated structure are helpful for the direction of controllable thermal emission.
{"title":"Broadband Unidirectional Thermal Emission Enhancement of Phase‐Gradient Metasurface Based on Surface Plasmon Polaritons","authors":"Hao Luo, Hui Xia, Xiangyu Gao, Zhanglong Li, Chunxu Hu, Jianjun Lai, Changhong Chen","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202500063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202500063","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with external coherent light manipulation, the realization of unilateral‐oriented thermal emission is more challenging. Although a specific metasurface is confirmed of the angular selectivity, the emissivity is generally mirror‐symmetric along the surface normal for uncorrelated phases between different positions of the thermal source. Here, from the metallic patch array conditions derived for unilateral thermal emission, a phase‐gradient metasurface in combination with surface plasmon polaritons is demonstrated which exhibit wide‐angled unilateral enhancements of thermal emission while the radiations in the symmetric directions are suppressed. By directly heating the device to 120 °C, the acquired spatial thermal emission spectrums indicate that at a wavelength of <jats:italic>λ</jats:italic> = 11.5 µm, the changed emissivity 0.61–0.46 with the orientation angle from 10° to 40° is asymmetric to 0.32–0.21 from −10° to −40°. Dealing with the phase response of meta‐atoms, the proposed method and phase‐modulated structure are helpful for the direction of controllable thermal emission.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long Zhang, Shihan Hong, Xiaolin Yi, Tangnan Chen, Hengzhen Cao, Dajian Liu, Pan Wang, Yaocheng Shi, Jianjun He, Daoxin Dai
Highly-integrated spectrometers with performance excellence are extremely desired for various applications, such as consumer electronics and human health wellness. Here, a monolithically-integrated single-microring spectrometer is proposed and realized. An innovative scheme of utilizing the free spectral range (FSR) dispersion for a single-microring and strategically inducing resonant peaks red-shift more than twice of the FSR is proposed. In this way, the working window of the single-microring is significantly extended far beyond the FSR limitation with the assistance of reconstruction algorithm. Moreover, the single-microring is realized with a high-Q factor by introducing low-loss broadened optical waveguides designed with modified-Euler curves, resulting in high-resolution spectrum measurement. The monolithically-integrated silicon single-microring spectrometer with a Ge/Si photodetector, is experimentally demonstrated with a resolution as high as 0.02 nm in a broad working window of 66 nm (which is >15 times larger than the microring's FSR). Besides, the present on-chip spectrometer is fabricated with standard processes for silicon photonics, showing an ultra-compact footprint of 370 × 110 µm2, which is one of the smallest monolithically-integrated spectrometer to date. The present spectrometer is expected to be very attractive for realizing low-cost portable sensing modules and lab-on-a-chip systems because of the performance excellence, the footprint compactness and the integration density.
{"title":"Monolithically-Integrated Silicon Photonic Spectrometer with a High-Q Single-Microring","authors":"Long Zhang, Shihan Hong, Xiaolin Yi, Tangnan Chen, Hengzhen Cao, Dajian Liu, Pan Wang, Yaocheng Shi, Jianjun He, Daoxin Dai","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202401862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202401862","url":null,"abstract":"Highly-integrated spectrometers with performance excellence are extremely desired for various applications, such as consumer electronics and human health wellness. Here, a monolithically-integrated single-microring spectrometer is proposed and realized. An innovative scheme of utilizing the free spectral range (FSR) dispersion for a single-microring and strategically inducing resonant peaks red-shift more than twice of the FSR is proposed. In this way, the working window of the single-microring is significantly extended far beyond the FSR limitation with the assistance of reconstruction algorithm. Moreover, the single-microring is realized with a high-<i>Q</i> factor by introducing low-loss broadened optical waveguides designed with modified-Euler curves, resulting in high-resolution spectrum measurement. The monolithically-integrated silicon single-microring spectrometer with a Ge/Si photodetector, is experimentally demonstrated with a resolution as high as 0.02 nm in a broad working window of 66 nm (which is >15 times larger than the microring's FSR). Besides, the present on-chip spectrometer is fabricated with standard processes for silicon photonics, showing an ultra-compact footprint of 370 × 110 µm<sup>2</sup>, which is one of the smallest monolithically-integrated spectrometer to date. The present spectrometer is expected to be very attractive for realizing low-cost portable sensing modules and lab-on-a-chip systems because of the performance excellence, the footprint compactness and the integration density.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiyu Yang, Guangxiang Lu, Jiani Ma, Tao Yang, Guotao Xiang, Li Li, Xianju Zhou, Zhiguo Xia
The rapid advancements in solid-state lighting have underscored the need for efficient and thermally stable phosphors for light-emitting diode (LED) applications. Herein, a red phosphor CaSc2O4:Eu2+ (λex = 450 nm, λem = 650 nm) is synthesized employing a non-stoichiometric strategy to increase photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQY). Spectroscopic and crystallographic properties analysis confirm that the red emission band originates from Eu2+ ions occupying a single Ca2+ site with significant nephelauxetic effects and crystal field splitting. Excessive CaCO3 additions promote the reduction of Eu3+ and an increase of trap concentration, enhancing the PLQY from 24% to 61% and improving the emission intensities at 150 °C from 8% to 41% of that at room temperature. Versatile LED light sources, including high-quality white LED, red LED in plant growth, and the integrated pixelated intelligent LED matrices have been explored for the practical applications. This study proposes an optimized strategy to enhance the efficiency and thermal stability of Eu2+-doped oxide-based red phosphors for multifunctional lighting applications.
{"title":"Non-Stoichiometric Calcium Addition in Red-Emitting CaSc2O4:Eu2+ Phosphor Toward Enhanced Photoluminescence Quantum Efficiency for LED Applications","authors":"Zhiyu Yang, Guangxiang Lu, Jiani Ma, Tao Yang, Guotao Xiang, Li Li, Xianju Zhou, Zhiguo Xia","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202500300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202500300","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid advancements in solid-state lighting have underscored the need for efficient and thermally stable phosphors for light-emitting diode (LED) applications. Herein, a red phosphor CaSc<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup> (<i>λ<sub>ex</sub></i> = 450 nm, <i>λ<sub>em</sub></i> = 650 nm) is synthesized employing a non-stoichiometric strategy to increase photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQY). Spectroscopic and crystallographic properties analysis confirm that the red emission band originates from Eu<sup>2+</sup> ions occupying a single Ca<sup>2+</sup> site with significant nephelauxetic effects and crystal field splitting. Excessive CaCO<sub>3</sub> additions promote the reduction of Eu<sup>3+</sup> and an increase of trap concentration, enhancing the PLQY from 24% to 61% and improving the emission intensities at 150 °C from 8% to 41% of that at room temperature. Versatile LED light sources, including high-quality white LED, red LED in plant growth, and the integrated pixelated intelligent LED matrices have been explored for the practical applications. This study proposes an optimized strategy to enhance the efficiency and thermal stability of Eu<sup>2+</sup>-doped oxide-based red phosphors for multifunctional lighting applications.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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