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Combining ability in maize hybrid for yield-related traits and silage production 玉米杂交种产量相关性状配合力及青贮生产
Flávia Nicácio Viana, Jocarla Ambrosim Crevelari, Gabriel Moreno Bernardo Gonçalves, José Arantes Ferreira Júnior, De Franca, M. G. Pereira, A. T. A. Junior
Maize cultivars developed for silage production are desirable because ensiling enables the production of high-quality feed and, increases farmers profit. Diallel cross is an efficient and advantageous mating technique that allows the selection of the best parents and crossings. The objective of this study was to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of hybrids and their parents and to evaluate promising hybrid crosses that can be used in breeding programs. Six genotypes were crossed in a complete diallel system. Fifteen hybrid combinations, six parents, and three commercial controls were evaluated in the 2017/2018 growing season in the north and northwest regions of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Nine agronomic traits were analyzed at the silage stage: plant and ear height, stem diameter, stand, husk covering, number of cobs, husked ear weight, unhusked ear weight, and fresh mass yield. The study employed a completely randomized block design with four repetitions. The parents UENF 2210, Piranão 12, and UENF 2208 presented higher GCA values for fresh matter yield and were indicated for the generation of single cross (F1) hybrids. The parental combinations of UENF 2208  Piranão 12, UENF 2208  UENF 2205, and UENF 2209  UENF 2205 had high SCA for most of the evaluated traits and were promising for the use in breeding programs. The crosses with higher average yield were UENF 2208  Piranão 12, UENF 2210  Piranão 12, and UENF 2208  UENF 2205
为青贮生产而开发的玉米品种是可取的,因为青贮可以生产高质量的饲料,并增加农民的利润。双列杂交是一种高效和有利的交配技术,可以选择最好的亲本和杂交品种。本研究的目的是估计杂交组合及其亲本的一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA),并评价有潜力的杂交组合。6个基因型在完全双列杂交系统中杂交。2017/2018生长季,在巴西巴西里约热内卢州北部和西北部地区对15个杂交组合、6个亲本和3个商业对照进行了评估。分析青贮期9个农艺性状:株高、穗高、茎粗、林分、包皮、穗轴数、去壳穗重、去壳穗重和鲜质量产量。本研究采用完全随机区组设计,重复4次。亲本UENF 2210、piran o 12和UENF 2208鲜物质产量GCA值较高,可作为单交(F1)杂交种。亲本组合UENF 2208piran 12、UENF 2208UENF 2205和UENF 2209在大多数评价性状上具有较高的SCA,在育种中具有较好的应用前景。平均产量较高的杂交品种是UENF 2208piran 12、UENF 2210piran 12和UENF 2208UENF 2205
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引用次数: 1
Edaphic invertebrate macrofauna associated with cassava crop in different soil coverages 不同土壤覆盖度下与木薯作物相关的大型无脊椎动物
N. D. F. Guimarães, A. A. Otsubo, R. A. Garcia, A. D. S. Gallo, E. M. Carvalho, Rogério Ferreira da Silva
This study aimed to identify and assess the edaphic invertebrate macrofauna associated with cassava crop in succession to different soil coverages. The experimental design was randomized blocks as 6 x 3 factorial design with four replications. The first factor was soil cover cultivated from December 2014 to April 2015 (fallow, pearl millet, forage sorghum, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Urochloa ruziziensis and Corn+Urochloa ruziziensis). The second factor was sampling periods (March/2015, October/2015 and June/2016). We sampled four blocks of 0.25 x 0.25 x 0.20 m in each system, following the TSBF (Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility) collection method. The taxonomic composition and abundance of organisms, richness of groups and the diversity indexes of Shannon, Pielou equitability and Simpson dominance were evaluated. There was no interaction between the factors (soil cover x season) for the variables studied. There was difference in the dominance of organisms according to the soil cover (isolated), being the highest index (0.44) obtained by previous cultivation of forage sorghum. The abundance of organisms, group richness and diversity index were influenced by sampling period, demonstrating the influence of seasonality on the invertebrate macrofauna community of the soil
本研究旨在鉴定和评价不同土壤覆盖度下与木薯作物相关的大型无脊椎动物。试验设计为随机分组6 × 3因子设计,4个重复。第一个因子为2014年12月- 2015年4月种植的土壤覆盖(休耕、珍珠粟、饲草高粱、Crotalaria ochroleuca、Urochloa ruziziensis和玉米+Urochloa ruziziensis)。第二个因素是采样周期(2015年3月、2015年10月和2016年6月)。我们按照TSBF(热带土壤生物学和肥力)收集方法,在每个系统中采样0.25 x 0.25 x 0.20 m的四个块。评价了生物的分类组成和丰度、类群丰富度以及Shannon、Pielou公平度和Simpson优势度的多样性指数。各因子(土壤覆盖x季节)之间不存在交互作用。不同土壤覆被对生物优势度的影响存在差异(孤立),以往栽培饲草高粱的优势度指数最高(0.44)。生物丰度、类群丰富度和多样性指数受采样周期的影响,反映了季节对土壤无脊椎大型动物群落的影响
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引用次数: 0
Effects of plant density on growth, yield and seed quality of quinoa genotypes under rain-fed conditions on red basalt soil regions 红玄武岩区雨养条件下种植密度对藜麦基因型生长、产量和种子品质的影响
N. Minh, D. Hoang, N. V. Lộc, Nguyen Viet Long
Because of rainfall shortage, quinoa has the potential to supersede traditional crops that contribute to agricultural production less effectively. The current study determined the quinoa genotypes and plant density suitable for production under rain-fed conditions in red basalt soil regions. The experiments were conducted in the rainy and dry seasons of 2018/2019 using split-plot designs with three replications. In these, the main factor consisted of four quinoa genotypes and the subfactor four plant densities (13.3, 10.0, 8.0 and 6.6 plants m-2) with a row interval of 50cm and a plant interval of 15, 20, 25 and 30cm, respectively. The current study’s results showed that plant density significantly affected polynomial trends on panicle length, panicle number/plant, seed number/panicle, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, protein content, and ash content. The plant density of 8.0 plants m-2 seems to be the optimal density for quinoa under the studied conditions. Results here also indicate significant differences among quinoa genotypes for agronomical and seed quality performance. Better performances of quinoa occurred in the dry season compared to the rainy season. Atlas and Cahuil were the best adaptive quinoa genotypes in the red basalt soil regions
由于降雨短缺,藜麦有可能取代对农业生产贡献较小的传统作物。本研究确定了适于红玄武岩地区雨养条件下生产的藜麦基因型和种植密度。试验在2018/2019年雨季和旱季进行,采用3个重复的分块设计。其中,主因子为4个藜麦基因型,子因子4株密度分别为13.3、10.0、8.0和6.6株m-2,行距分别为50cm,株距分别为15、20、25和30cm。结果表明,密度对穗长、穗数/株、种子数/穗、千粒重、籽粒产量、蛋白质含量和灰分含量的多项式趋势有显著影响。在本研究条件下,藜麦的最佳密度为8.0株m-2。研究结果还表明,藜麦基因型在农艺和种子品质性能上存在显著差异。藜麦在旱季的表现优于雨季。Atlas和Cahuil是红玄武岩土壤区最适宜的藜麦基因型
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引用次数: 7
Genetic diversity among tropical maize inbred lines as revealed by SSR markers SSR标记分析热带玉米自交系的遗传多样性
Maizura Abu Sin, G. Saleh, N. Abdullah, P. Kashiani
Genetic diversity and phenotypic superiority are important attributes of parental inbred lines for use in hybrid breeding programs. In this study, genetic diversity among 30 maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines comprising of 28 introductions from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), one from Indonesia and a locally developed, were evaluated using 100 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, as early screening for potential parents of hybrid varieties. All markers were polymorphic, with a total of 550 unique alleles detected on the 100 loci from the 30 inbred lines. Allelic richness ranged from 2 to 13 per locus, with an average of 5.50 alleles (na). Number of effective alleles (ne) was 3.75 per locus, indicating their high effectiveness in revealing diversity among inbred lines. Average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.624, with values ranging from 0.178 to 0.874, indicating high informativeness of the markers. High gene diversity was observed on Chromosomes 8 and 4, with high number of effective alleles, indicating their potential usefulness for QTL analysis. The UPGMA dendrogram constructed identified four heterotic groups within a similarity index of 0.350, indicating that these markers were able to group the inbred lines. The three-dimensional PCoA plot also supports the dendrogram grouping, indicating that these two methods complement each other. Inbred lines in different heterotic groups have originated from different backgrounds and population sources. Information on genetic diversity among the maize inbred lines are useful in developing strategies exploiting heterosis in breeding programs
遗传多样性和表型优越性是亲本自交系在杂交育种中的重要特性。本研究利用100个SSR标记,对国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)引种的28个玉米自交系、印度尼西亚引种的1个玉米自交系和当地开发的1个玉米自交系的遗传多样性进行了评价,作为杂种品种潜在亲本的早期筛选。所有标记均具有多态性,在30个自交系的100个位点上共检测到550个独特的等位基因。等位基因丰富度为2 ~ 13个,平均为5.50个(na)。有效等位基因数(ne)为3.75个/位点,表明它们在揭示自交系间多样性方面具有较高的效率。平均多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.624,值在0.178 ~ 0.874之间,表明标记具有较高的信息性。8号和4号染色体基因多样性较高,有效等位基因数量较多,具有QTL分析的潜力。构建的UPGMA树状图在0.350的相似性指数范围内鉴定出4个杂种优势类群,表明这些标记能够对自交系进行分类。三维PCoA图也支持树形图分组,表明这两种方法是互补的。不同杂种优势群体的自交系起源于不同的背景和种群来源。玉米自交系间的遗传多样性信息对制定利用杂种优势的育种策略具有重要意义
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引用次数: 0
In vitro antifungal activity of Desmodium intortum and D. uncinatum root extracts against growth of toxigenic Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus 刺槐和刺槐根提取物对产毒黄萎病镰刀菌和黄曲霉生长的体外抑菌活性研究
N. K. Njeru, C. Midega, J. Muthomi, J. Wagacha, Z. Khan
Maize grown under push-pull cropping system has been reported to contain lower concentrations of fumonisin and aflatoxin than maize monocrop. This study determined the inhibitory effect of desmodium root extracts on spore germination and radial growth of toxigenic Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides. Aspergillus flavus and F. verticillioides were isolated from maize and soil and tested for ability to produce aflatoxin and fumonisin by inoculation on mycotoxin-free maize. Aflatoxin and fuminisin were detected and quantified by direct competitive ELISA. Desmodium roots were dried, ground to fine powder and extracted with methanol and dichloromethane and evaluated for anti-fungal activity by inhibition of spores of A. flavus and F. verticillioides potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Isolates of F. verticillioides produced up to 599,741 µg/kg fumonisin while isolates of A. flavus produced up to 199,184 µg/kg aflatoxin. Desmodium root extracts reduced germination of A. flavus spores and F. verticillioides by 9.6% and 43.8%, respectively and reduced their respective colony radial growth by 15% and 57%. The results suggested that desmodium roots contain chemical compounds that inhibit growth of A. flavus and F. verticillioides. This may explain the reduction in infection of maize with mycotoxin-producing fungi before harvest in push-pull cropping systems by reducing the pathogen inoculum in the soils. Determination of the active compounds in the root exudates is recommended
据报道,采用推挽种植的玉米比单作玉米含有更低浓度的伏马菌素和黄曲霉毒素。本研究测定了金缕草根提取物对产毒黄曲霉和黄萎病镰刀菌孢子萌发和径向生长的抑制作用。从玉米和土壤中分离出黄曲霉和黄曲霉,并在无霉菌毒素的玉米上接种黄曲霉毒素和伏马菌素,进行了产黄曲霉毒素和伏马菌素的试验。采用直接竞争ELISA法对黄曲霉毒素和烟霉素进行检测和定量。采用干燥、磨细、甲醇和二氯甲烷提取的方法,通过马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)培养基对黄芽孢杆菌(A. flavus)和黄萎病芽孢杆菌(F. verticillioides)的抑菌活性评价。verticillioides分离株产生高达599,741µg/kg伏马毒素,而A. flavus分离株产生高达199,184µg/kg黄曲霉毒素。金缕草根提取物分别使黄芽孢和黄萎病芽孢萌发率降低9.6%和43.8%,菌落径向生长率分别降低15%和57%。结果表明,铁丝菊根含有抑制黄曲霉和黄萎病单胞菌生长的化合物。这可以解释在推拉种植系统中,通过减少土壤中的病原体接种量,在收获前玉米受产霉菌毒素真菌感染的减少。建议测定根渗出液中的活性化合物
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引用次数: 0
Quality and antioxidant activity of 'Isabel Precoce' grapes installed on different training systems and rootstocks in warmer seasons in a tropical semi-arid region 热带半干旱地区不同栽培系统和砧木在温暖季节对“Isabel Precoce”葡萄品质和抗氧化活性的影响
R. R. Costa, T. D. O. Ferreira, Antônio Augusto Marques Rodrigues, Eugenio Ribeiro de Andrade Neto, M. Lima
Production system and environmental factors might cause changes in grapevine physiology, affecting grape yield, quality, phenolic composition, and antioxidant potential. The aim of this study was to characterize the quality and antioxidant potential of 'Isabel Precoce' grapes on different training systems and rootstocks in warmer seasons, in tropical conditions. Experimental design was in randomized blocks, in sub-subplots through time and four replicates. Three training systems (overhead trellis, lyre and vertical shoot positioning - VSP) and two rootstocks (‘IAC 572’ and ‘IAC 766’) were studied in the production cycles from July to October, 2017 and from July to October, 2018 in the Submedium of São Francisco Valley. Berry weight; cluster weight; color attributes; berry resistance to compression (COMP); titratable acidity; soluble solids; total soluble sugars (TSS); yellow flavonoids; total anthocyanins; total extractable polyphenols and antioxidant activity by ABTS●+ and DPPH● free radical capture methods were analyzed. Lyre and VSP resulted on increases of 6% and 17% in berry weight and COMP, respectively. Moreover, differences between production cycles were more intense for both variables. In production cycle from July to October 2017, lyre and VSP systems provided increases of 2 g 100 g-1 of TSS and higher anthocyanin and yellow flavonoid contents, while grapes trained in VSP had higher antioxidant activity. Mean values of anthocyanins reached 529.34 mg 100 g-1 in grapes harvested in October 2017. Some grape quality and chemical components showed high variation in warmer seasons of sucessive years, according to training system or rootstock and their combinations
生产系统和环境因素可能引起葡萄生理机能的变化,影响葡萄的产量、品质、酚类成分和抗氧化能力。本研究的目的是在温暖的季节和热带条件下,在不同的训练系统和砧木上表征“Isabel Precoce”葡萄的质量和抗氧化潜力。实验设计采用随机分组,按时间分组,共4个重复。在2017年7月至10月和2018年7月至10月的旧金山谷亚基质生产周期中,对3种栽培系统(架空棚、lyre和垂直茎位- VSP)和2种砧木(IAC 572和IAC 766)进行了研究。贝瑞重量;集群重量;颜色属性;浆果抗压性(COMP);可滴定酸度;可溶性固体;总可溶性糖(TSS);黄色类黄酮;总花青素;ABTS●+和DPPH●自由基捕获法分析了总提取多酚和抗氧化活性。Lyre和VSP分别使果实重和COMP增加6%和17%。此外,这两个变量的生产周期之间的差异更大。在2017年7 - 10月的生产周期中,lyre和VSP体系提供了2 g 100 g-1的TSS和更高的花青素和黄酮类化合物含量,而VSP培养的葡萄具有更高的抗氧化活性。2017年10月收获的葡萄中花青素的平均值达到529.34 mg 100 g-1。在连续几年的暖季中,葡萄的某些品质和化学成分表现出较大的变化,这与栽培制度或砧木及其组合有关
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引用次数: 0
Inheritance of resistance against Peronospora destructor in onion cv. ‘Regia’ 洋葱抗番茄孢子病菌的遗传研究。“Regia”
M. Arias, N. Curbelo, Pablo González Rabelino, E. Vicente, G. Giménez, G. Galván
Onion downy mildew (DM) caused by Peronospora destructor is a very destructive leaf disease. Genetic resistance is an economic and environmentally friendly way of disease control. In this research, the segregation of DM resistance was analysed in six offspring from crosses between national cultivars and the cv. ‘Regia’, a partial resistance source. F1 plants were self-fertilised, and F1S1 derived progenies were evaluated. The segregations in DM severity were skewed towards susceptibility, with transgressive segregation in five of six progenies. The recessive inheritance could be associated with loss of susceptibility mechanisms. In another experiment, the response of advanced F1S2 lines ‘Regia’ x ‘Pantanoso del Sauce’ were evaluated two times (August and November 2017) in DM disease severity, DM histological quantitative differences, and agronomic traits. F1S2 lines, which have had an earlier selection process, presented an intermediate DM severity between the parents. Disease severity was positively correlated with histological differences in the proportion of infected stomata. ‘Regia’ presented the lowest DM severity and the highest percentage of healthy stomata. Most resistant F1S2 lines did not differ from control cultivars in bulb yield, bulb quality traits and postharvest behaviour, and could be the basis to develop a DM resistant cultivar in comparison to currently grown cultivars
洋葱霜霉病是由Peronospora destructor引起的一种极具破坏性的叶病。遗传抗性是一种既经济又环保的疾病控制方式。本研究分析了6个国家品种与变异品种杂交后代的抗白粉病分离。' rega ',部分电阻源。对F1植株进行自交受精,并对F1S1衍生后代进行评价。糖尿病严重程度的分离倾向于易感性,6个后代中有5个存在海侵性分离。隐性遗传可能与易感机制缺失有关。在另一项试验中,研究人员于2017年8月和11月两次评估了先进F1S2系“Regia”和“Pantanoso del Sauce”对糖尿病疾病严重程度、糖尿病组织学数量差异和农艺性状的反应。选择过程较早的F1S2系在亲本之间表现出中度糖尿病的严重程度。疾病严重程度与感染气孔比例的组织学差异呈正相关。‘Regia’的DM严重程度最低,健康气孔比例最高。大多数抗病品种F1S2在鳞茎产量、鳞茎品质性状和采后行为方面与对照品种没有差异,与现有品种相比,可作为培育抗DM品种的基础
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引用次数: 0
Application of biofertilizer in degraded pasture modified C dynamics and improved forage yield in a short-term period at the tropical region 在热带地区退化牧草中施用生物肥料在短期内改变了C动态,提高了牧草产量
P. L. Pinheiro, R. R. Passos, Anderson Lopes Peçanha, E. Mendonça
Recovery of degraded pastures improves the sustainability of meat and milk production systems. Humic acids (HA) and endophytic diazotrophic bacteria (EDB) are known to have bio-stimulating effects on several crops but have not been tested for the recovery of degraded pastures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate soil C and N dynamics, nutrient uptake and forage yield of Brachiaria decumbens following the foliar application of HA and EDB in a degraded pasture. A randomized block design with six replications was used. The four treatments were: HA, EDB, HA+EDB and Control. The subplots consisted of four evaluation times for soil characteristics: before treatment application (0) and 30, 60 and 120 days after treatment application (ATA). Soil total organic carbon (TOC), recalcitrant carbon (Crecal), labile carbon (Clabil), total nitrogen (TN) and C and N stocks were determined in the 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm of soil layers. Forage yield and leaf nutrient contents were evaluated at 30 days ATA. The application of the HA and EDB increased the TOC, Clabil, soil C stock (≈18%), forage dry matter yield (16 to 52%) and nutrient uptake (≈30%) after 30 days ATA. Our results showed that the application of HA combined with EDB may be a strategy for the recovery of degraded pastures in the tropical region.
退化牧场的恢复提高了肉类和牛奶生产系统的可持续性。腐植酸(HA)和内生重氮营养细菌(EDB)已知对几种作物具有生物刺激作用,但尚未对退化牧场的恢复进行测试。以退化牧草为研究对象,研究了叶面施用HA和EDB对躺椅(Brachiaria decumbens)土壤碳氮动态、养分吸收和饲料产量的影响。采用随机区组设计,共6个重复。四种处理分别为:HA、EDB、HA+EDB和对照组。子样区包括施用前(0)和施用后30、60和120 d (ATA) 4个土壤特性评价时间。测定了0-5、5-10、10-20和20-40 cm土层的土壤总有机碳(TOC)、顽固性碳(Crecal)、活性碳(Clabil)、全氮(TN)和碳氮储量。第30天测定饲料产量和叶片养分含量。施用HA和EDB可提高30 d土壤TOC、Clabil、土壤C储量(≈18%)、牧草干物质产量(16% ~ 52%)和养分吸收量(≈30%)。结果表明,在热带地区,HA与EDB联合施用可能是恢复退化牧场的一种策略。
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引用次数: 0
Potential effects of essential oil from Zanthoxylum limonella seeds against Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) 柠檬花椒籽精油对黄颡鱼蛾(鞘翅目:拟甲科)的潜在防治作用
R. Wanna, Bunyaporn Satongrod
Essential oils of plants with insecticidal properties have been considered as replacements for synthetic chemical pesticides to combat and control insect pests. The chemical composition of the essential oil from dried seeds of Zanthoxylum limonella Alston was determined by the Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometry technique. Insecticidal activity was investigated on Tribolium castaneum Herbst using impregnated filter paper with six concentrations of essential oil at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% for adults and larvae mortality tests, and 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% for egg mortality. All experiments were performed under completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications at 30±5°C and 70±5% relative humidity in 16:8 hours light/dark cycle. A total of 83 components were identified. The principal compounds in the essential oil of Z. limonella were beta-pinene (19.65%), 9-octadecanone (18.80%), D-limonene (9.76%), alpha-fenchene (8.48%), p-mentha-1,5,8-triene (7.16%), 1,8-cineole (6.88%), gamma-terpinene (5.46%), terpinen-4-ol (3.81%), linalool (2.73%), alpha-thujene (1.34%), decanal (1.32%), alpha-phellandrene (1.20%) and linalyl propionate (1.13%). Insecticidal activity presented that 5% of essential oil had the highest effect against T. castaneum at 120 h for adults and 48 h for larvae, while 10% of essential oil at 14 days obtained 100% mortality against eggs of T. castaneum. Results indicated that the essential oil of Z. limonella from dried seeds showed potential for use in the control of T. castaneum
具有杀虫特性的植物精油已被认为是合成化学农药的替代品,以防治害虫。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对柠檬花椒干籽精油的化学成分进行了测定。采用浸渍过滤纸,分别用0、1、2、3、4和5%浓度的精油进行成虫和幼虫的杀虫试验,用0、2、4、6、8和10%浓度的精油进行虫卵的杀虫试验。所有实验采用完全随机设计(CRD),在30±5°C、70±5%相对湿度、16:8 h明暗循环条件下进行4次重复。总共确定了83个组成部分。柠檬草挥发油的主要成分为-蒎烯(19.65%)、9-十八烷酮(18.80%)、d -柠檬烯(9.76%)、-茴香烯(8.48%)、对薄荷-1,5,8-三烯(7.16%)、1,8-桉树脑(6.88%)、-松油烯(5.46%)、松油烯-4-醇(3.81%)、芳樟醇(2.73%)、-苏烯(1.34%)、癸醛(1.32%)、-茶香烯(1.20%)和丙酸芳樟醇(1.13%)。杀虫活性表明,5%的精油在120 h和48 h时对蓖麻螟幼虫的杀虫效果最好,而10%的精油在14 d时对蓖麻螟卵的杀虫效果为100%。结果表明,柠檬栗霉干籽精油具有防治栗霉病的潜力
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引用次数: 4
Spatial distribution of physical attributes of a clayey Latosol under different management systems 不同管理制度下粘土红壤物理属性的空间分布
S. Roehrs, Aracéli Ciotti de Marins, Deonir Secco, Rogério Luís Rizzi, L. A. Z. Júnior, Pablo Chang, Claudia Borgmann, B. D. Villa, L. D. Silveira, Luciene Kazue Tokura
The use and management of the soil cause occasional changes in its physical properties; thus, altering its spatial variability. This work aimed to show the spatial distribution of physical attributes of a clay latosol under different management systems, through thematic maps of spatial distribution for values of these attributes. The experimental area consisted of three treatments: scarified no-tillage at 0.3 m depth (T1), no-tillage with 3 t ha-1 of plaster applied to the surface (T2) and; the control as traditional no-tillage system (T3). The attributes such as density, macroporosity, and microporosity in three soil layers were evaluated: 0-0.1; 0.1-0.2; and 0.2-0.3 m. The analysis of the experimental results indicates that all physical attributes presented spatial dependence between the data, with higher density values (values ranged from 0.95 to 1.37 Mg m3) and lower macroporosity in areas with T1 (SPD with scarification) and T2 (SPD gypsum) management systems. However, in all treatments, the Macro values presented a volume above 10.51%, which is above the limit value for good aeration and water movement in the soil. Treatment T3 (traditional SPD) showed favorable physical soil conditions, even after compaction
土壤的使用和管理导致其物理性质偶尔发生变化;因此,改变了它的空间变异性。本研究旨在通过主题地图显示不同管理制度下红土土物理属性值的空间分布。试验区包括3个处理:0.3 m深度免耕(T1)、表面施3 t hm -1灰泥免耕(T2)和;与传统的免耕系统(T3)一样。对3个土层的密度、宏观孔隙度和微观孔隙度等属性进行评价:0 ~ 0.1;0.1 - -0.2;0.2-0.3 m。实验结果分析表明,各物理属性数据之间存在空间依赖性,在T1(带划伤的SPD)和T2(含SPD石膏)管理体系下,密度值较高(0.95 ~ 1.37 Mg m3),宏观孔隙度较低。但在所有处理中,Macro值均大于10.51%,超过了土壤良好通气和水分运动的极限值。处理T3(传统SPD)即使经过压实处理也表现出良好的土壤物理条件
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Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.
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