Process Safety and Environmental Protection最新文献_第4页

Deep parallel feature fusion network with temporal convolutional network and bidirectional gated recurrent unit for industrial process modeling and fault diagnosis 基于时间卷积网络和双向门控循环单元的深度并行特征融合网络用于工业过程建模和故障诊断

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108590

Chen Chen , Ridong Zhang , Furong Gao

Industrial process fault diagnosis is crucial for ensuring production safety and quality. Although significant progress has been made in fault diagnosis methods based on deep learning, existing models still have limitations. Traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) struggle to capture long-term dependencies in time series, while Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and their variants have weak perception of key local features. Furthermore, most studies adopt simple serial models, failing to fully utilize spatial and temporal modal information in data, leading to incomplete feature extraction and limited model generalization ability. To address the aforementioned issues, this paper proposes a hybrid deep learning model, TCN-SENet+BiGRU-GlobalAttention (TSBG), that integrates Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCNs), Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) channel attention mechanism, Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) and global attention mechanism. This model captures the "spatial features" of data through the TCN-SENet branch, which are features extracted from the multivariable channel dimension, extracts temporal dependencies and important temporal features using BiGRU combined with global attention mechanism and finally achieves effective feature integration through a fusion module. The proposed method has been tested on the Tennessee-Eastman (TE) dataset and the industrial coke furnace dataset and the results show that the TSBG-Net model performs better in fault detection and diagnosis.

工业过程故障诊断是保证生产安全和质量的关键。尽管基于深度学习的故障诊断方法取得了重大进展，但现有模型仍然存在局限性。传统的卷积神经网络（cnn）难以捕获时间序列中的长期依赖关系，而递归神经网络（rnn）及其变体对关键局部特征的感知能力较弱。此外，大多数研究采用简单的序列模型，未能充分利用数据中的时空模态信息，导致特征提取不完整，模型泛化能力有限。为了解决上述问题，本文提出了一种混合深度学习模型TCN-SENet+BiGRU- globalattention (TSBG)，该模型集成了时间卷积网络（TCNs）、挤压激励（SE）通道注意机制、双向门控循环单元（BiGRU）和全局注意机制。该模型通过TCN-SENet分支捕获数据的“空间特征”，即从多变量通道维度中提取的特征，利用BiGRU结合全局关注机制提取时间依赖性和重要时间特征，最终通过融合模块实现有效的特征整合。在Tennessee-Eastman （TE）数据集和工业焦炉数据集上进行了测试，结果表明TSBG-Net模型具有较好的故障检测和诊断效果。

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引用次数: 0

Polystyrene Microplastics Impair Growth, DNA Integrity, and Metabolic Function in Vigna radiata: A Multilevel Toxicological Assessment 聚苯乙烯微塑料损害Vigna辐射的生长，DNA完整性和代谢功能：一个多层次的毒理学评估

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108591

Rajagopalan Vijayalakshmi Boomija, Selvam Naveenkumar, Pradisha Prem, Ganesh Munuswamy Ramanujam, Chinnaperumal Kamaraj

引用次数: 0

Solvent-assisted chemical recycling of polycarbonate using glycerol as a renewable chemical: Mechanistic insights and statistical optimization 使用甘油作为可再生化学品的聚碳酸酯的溶剂辅助化学回收：机理见解和统计优化

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108592

Nishant Markandeya , Mayur Jadhav , Prafulla Gopale , Karthick Ramalingam , Sanjay Kamble

The rapid accumulation of polycarbonate (PC) waste has driven the development of efficient recycling methods. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of solvent-assisted chemical recycling of PC using glycerol, a renewable chemical derived from industrial waste streams. Solvent screening highlighted the critical influence of solvent properties such as dielectric constant, dipole moment and hydrogen-bond accepting ability on depolymerization efficiency. A systematic approach combining Design of Experiments (DoE) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the depolymerization process. Using a Box–Behnken design (BBD), the effects of key process parameters, including temperature, reaction time and the glycerol (GLY:PC) and dimethylformamide (DMF:PC) weight ratios, were evaluated in terms of PC conversion and bisphenol A (BPA) yield. The optimization model predicted that a reaction temperature of 171 °C, a reaction time of 1 h and a PC:GLY:DMF ratio of 1:5.05:7.22 would yield 100 % PC conversion and 85 % BPA yield. Experimental validation under these conditions achieved 100 % PC conversion and 83 % BPA yield, confirming the reliability of the model. Product characterization using NMR, LC–HRMS and FTIR confirmed the purity of BPA and provided insights into the reaction mechanism. The solvent recyclability across successive reaction cycles demonstrated the environmental and economic viability of the process. Overall, the energy demand calculation based on the environmental energy impact factor (ξ) highlights the industrial relevance of this work and demonstrate an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst-free route for depolymerization of polycarbonate with strong potential for industrial implementation.

聚碳酸酯（PC）废弃物的快速积累推动了高效回收方法的发展。本研究提出了一个全面的调查，溶剂辅助化学回收PC使用甘油，可再生的化学物质，从工业废物流。溶剂筛选突出了介质常数、偶极矩和氢键接受能力等溶剂性质对解聚效率的重要影响。采用实验设计（DoE）和响应面法（RSM）相结合的系统方法对解聚工艺进行优化。采用Box-Behnken设计（BBD），考察了温度、反应时间、甘油（GLY:PC）和二甲基甲酰胺（DMF:PC）质量比等关键工艺参数对PC转化率和双酚a （BPA）产率的影响。优化模型预测，在反应温度为171℃，反应时间为1 h， PC:GLY:DMF比为1:5.05:7.22的条件下，PC转化率为100% %，BPA收率为85% %。实验验证在此条件下PC转化率达到100% %，BPA收率达到83% %，验证了模型的可靠性。利用NMR、LC-HRMS和FTIR对产物进行了表征，证实了BPA的纯度，并对反应机理进行了深入研究。溶剂在连续反应循环中的可回收性证明了该工艺的环境和经济可行性。总体而言，基于环境能源影响因子（ξ）的能源需求计算突出了这项工作的工业相关性，并展示了一种高效环保的无催化剂的聚碳酸酯解聚途径，具有强大的工业实施潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing support dust evolution mechanism in fully mechanized coal mining face and three-dimensional spraying shield synergistic dust control-removal technology 推进综采工作面支架粉尘演化机理及三维喷淋盾构协同降尘技术

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108594

Gang Zhou, Hanxu Guo, Haotian Sun, Ping Ni, Yongwei Liu, Haiming Yu, Biao Sun, Jianjun Yao

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of hydrogen self-ignition and explosion in confined enclosures: Influence of axial obstruction and ventilation 密闭密闭环境中氢气自燃爆炸的实验研究：轴向阻塞和通风的影响

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108588

Ping Li , Yihui Jiang , Di Wu , Jian Guo , Jinwei Xu , Yiwen Xu , Bo Ke , Songlin Zhang , Qiangling Duan

With the rapid growth of hydrogen energy technologies, safety hazards associated with high-pressure hydrogen release in confined enclosures have become a critical concern. This study experimentally investigates hydrogen combustion and explosion induced by self-ignition flames following high-pressure hydrogen leakage. The effects of axial obstruction and ventilation conditions on flame dynamics, temperature evolution, and overpressure development were systematically examined. Results show that when the hydrogen jet is unobstructed, most hydrogen exits the enclosure and burns externally, while a symmetric flame forms along the central axis inside the enclosure. In contrast, axial obstruction generates complex turbulent flow, leading to spatially non-uniform hydrogen/air mixtures. The self-ignition flame first ignites the central mixture, and combustion propagates throughout the enclosure, producing higher peak temperatures, longer combustion durations, and pronounced overpressure oscillations, including initial negative pressures. Increasing the ventilation area under obstructed conditions enhances air entrainment, further intensifying combustion. These findings reveal that combustion mechanisms and associated hazards are fundamentally different between obstructed and unobstructed hydrogen releases. The study provides critical experimental evidence and mechanistic insights for the design of safe hydrogen storage, handling, and transportation systems in confined environments.

随着氢能技术的快速发展，与密闭外壳高压氢气释放相关的安全隐患已成为一个关键问题。对高压氢气泄漏后自燃火焰引起的氢气燃烧爆炸进行了实验研究。系统地研究了轴向阻塞和通风条件对火焰动力学、温度演变和超压发展的影响。结果表明：当氢气射流不受阻时，大部分氢气从壳体中流出并向外燃烧，同时在壳体内沿中心轴线形成对称火焰；相反，轴向阻塞产生复杂的湍流，导致空间上不均匀的氢/空气混合物。自燃火焰首先点燃中心混合物，然后燃烧在整个外壳中传播，产生更高的峰值温度，更长的燃烧持续时间，以及明显的超压振荡，包括初始负压。在阻塞条件下增加通风面积可以增强空气夹带，进一步加剧燃烧。这些发现表明，燃烧机制和相关危害在受阻和未受阻的氢气释放之间有着根本的不同。该研究为密闭环境中安全储氢、处理和运输系统的设计提供了关键的实验证据和机理见解。

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引用次数: 0

Research on spontaneous combustion thermal generation and transfer effects of coal–based activated carbon and its precursors 煤基活性炭及其前驱体的自燃产热及传递效应研究

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108578

Hui-Fei Lyu, Fu-Xing Shen, Yue Li, Cai-Ping Wang, Jun Deng, Wei-Feng Wang

The thermal generation and transfer effects during the spontaneous combustion of coal–based activated carbon (CBAC) and its precursors were investigated using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermal physical parameters experiments. The apparent activation energy (E_a) was calculated employing the equal transformation model–free method Friedman (FR). Following carbonization and activation, the pore structure of the carbonized material sample (CMS) and the activated material sample (AMS) was found to be more developed compared to that of the briquette material sample (BMS). This enhanced pore structure facilitates the physical and chemical adsorption of oxygen during spontaneous combustion. Volatiles in the CMS and AMS were consumed, with consumption being significantly greater in the AMS. The overall exothermic process of CMS and AMS lagged behind that of BMS, with the lag being particularly pronounced for AMS. The enthalpy changes for all three samples indicated exothermic behavior, with the total thermal released decreasing in the order of BMS, CMS, and AMS. The average E_a values for the BMS stages D₂–D₄ were 54.77, 116.77, and 80.16 kJ/mol, respectively. For CMS, the corresponding values were 70.04, 40.33, and 76.61 kJ/mol. The E_a for the AMS stage D₂ was 64.97 kJ/mol. The higher E_a values for BMS in stages D₃ and D₄ compared to CMS indicate that CMS is more prone to reaction in these stages. At identical temperatures, thermal diffusivity (TD) and thermal conductivity (TC) decreased in the order of BMS, CMS, and AMS, while specific heat capacity (SH) decreased in the opposite order. During the initial stage (30–300°C) of the spontaneous combustion reaction, internal thermal in CMS and AMS is not easily diffused. Furthermore, their heat storage capacity is enhanced, thermal conductivity is reduced, and heat transfer performance is weakened. These factors may increase the spontaneous combustion propensity of CMS and AMS, making them susceptible to thermal accumulation and ignition under piled conditions.

采用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）和热物性实验研究了煤基活性炭（CBAC）及其前驱体自燃过程中的热生成和传递效应。采用等变换法Friedman （FR）计算表观活化能（Ea）。炭化活化后，炭化材料样品（CMS）和活化材料样品（AMS）的孔隙结构比型煤材料样品（BMS）更为发达。这种增强的孔隙结构有利于自燃过程中氧的物理和化学吸附。挥发分在CMS和AMS中被消耗，其中AMS的消耗明显更大。CMS和AMS的整体放热过程滞后于BMS，其中AMS的滞后尤为明显。三种样品的焓变均表现为放热行为，总放热量依次为BMS、CMS和AMS。BMS d2 ~ d4期平均Ea值分别为54.77、116.77和80.16 kJ/mol。CMS的对应值分别为70.04、40.33和76.61 kJ/mol。AMS D2期的Ea为64.97 kJ/mol。与CMS相比，BMS在D3和D4期的Ea值较高，表明CMS在这些阶段更容易发生反应。在相同温度下，热扩散系数（TD）和导热系数（TC）的减小顺序为BMS、CMS和AMS，比热容（SH）的减小顺序为相反。在自燃反应的初始阶段（30 ~ 300℃），CMS和AMS的内部热不容易扩散。此外，它们的蓄热能力增强，导热系数降低，传热性能减弱。这些因素可能增加了CMS和AMS的自燃倾向，使其在堆积条件下容易发生热积累和着火。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Passive Fire Protection Installation Methods: Full-Scale LNG Fire Testing of 3-Sided and 4-Sided Coated Structure Beams 被动防火装置方法的评价：三面和四面涂覆结构梁的全尺寸LNG防火试验

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108589

Mitchell Huffman, Chi-Yang Li, Jazmine Aiya D. Marquez, Zihao Wang, Bryant Hendrickson, Thomas Butts, Filippo Gavelli, Qingsheng Wang

引用次数: 0

Efficient purification of crude lead to prevent lead loss based on Pb-Cu interface properties and phase separation under supergravity field 超重力场下基于Pb-Cu界面特性和相分离的粗铅高效净化防止铅损失

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108584

Xiang Li , Jintao Gao , Xi Lan , Anjun Shi , Zhancheng Guo

Crude lead is a hazardous material containing large amounts of heavy metals. However, due to the outdated equipment of copper removal process, resulting in a large lead loss. In this study, a new method for efficient purification of crude lead to prevent lead loss based on Pb-Cu interface properties and phase separation under supergravity field was proposed. The effect of Cu content in crude lead on the temperature range for Cu phase precipitation was investigated, revealing that as the Cu content increased from 0.5 to 4 wt%, the precipitation temperature range of the Cu phase expanded from 400–330 ℃ to 800–330 ℃. Then, the highly efficient purification of crude lead was all accomplished under 330 ℃ by supergravity separation and the Cu contents were lowered to 0.0718 wt% in the Pb liquid and the Cu phase removal rate reached over 99.9 %. In order to reduce the lead loss, the Pb-Cu interface properties and separation process model were investigated, which showed that increasing the temperature in supergravity field could reduce the height of Pb liquid on the surface of the Cu phase. Finally, the Pb-Cu separation behavior was researched, revealing a quantitative relationship between lead loss and Cu content in crude lead and separation temperature. Base on the above results, corresponding copper removal process routes were designed for crude lead with different Cu contents.

粗铅是一种含有大量重金属的有害物质。但由于除铜工艺设备落后，导致铅损较大。本研究提出了一种基于超重力场作用下铅-铜界面特性和相分离的高效纯化粗铅以防止铅损失的新方法。研究了粗铅中Cu含量对Cu相析出温度范围的影响，结果表明，随着Cu含量从0.5 wt增加到4wt；%时，Cu相的析出温度范围由400 ~ 330℃扩大到800 ~ 330℃。在330℃条件下，采用超重力分离技术对粗铅进行了高效提纯，铜含量降至0.0718wt。%， Cu相去除率达99.9%以上。为了降低铅的损失，研究了Pb-Cu的界面性质和分离过程模型，结果表明，在超重力场中提高温度可以降低Cu相表面Pb液的高度。最后对铅铜分离行为进行了研究，揭示了铅损失、粗铅中Cu含量与分离温度之间的定量关系。在此基础上，对不同铜含量的粗铅设计了相应的除铜工艺路线。

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引用次数: 0

Accelerated under-deposit corrosion of X65 steel driven by a vicious microbe-deposit cycle 微生物-沉积物恶性循环导致X65钢沉积下腐蚀加速

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108581

Yu Wang , Fei Wu , Hang Zhang , Zhenyu Ouyang , Yuhua Su , Hailiang Yin , Fanwei Meng , Qiyou Liu

The synergistic effect between microbial-induced corrosion (MIC) and under-deposit corrosion (UDC) presents a significant threat to the integrity of oil pipelines. This study investigates the corrosion behavior of X65 carbon steel under the influence of living microorganisms within pipeline deposits. The experiment was divided into three groups: unsterilized deposit group, sterilized deposit group, and control group. A combination of high-throughput sequencing, quantitative PCR, weight loss measurements, electrochemical tests, and surface characterization revealed that viable microorganisms drastically exacerbate UDC. Live microorganisms significantly enhanced the corrosion rate and maximum pitting depth by approximately 4.1 and 12.8 times, respectively, compared to the sterilized deposit group. Analysis of the microbial community revealed a successional shift, with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), predominantly the genus Desulfovibrio, displacing nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) as the dominant population. The metabolic activity of SRB led to the formation of corrosive FeS and a porous, non-protective corrosion product film, which reduced film resistance (R_f) and accelerated metal dissolution. These findings indicate deposits in oil pipelines exacerbate localized corrosion by promoting the colonization and enrichment of corrosion-promoting microorganisms such as SRBs. Their metabolic products, combined with the resulting corrosion byproducts, further increase the overall burden of the deposits, creating a vicious cycle.

微生物腐蚀（MIC）和沉积下腐蚀（UDC）之间的协同效应对输油管道的完整性构成了重大威胁。本文研究了管道沉积物中活微生物对X65碳钢腐蚀行为的影响。试验分为3组：未灭菌菌组、灭菌菌组和对照组。高通量测序、定量PCR、失重测量、电化学测试和表面表征的结合表明，活菌急剧加剧了UDC。与灭菌菌组相比，活菌组的腐蚀速率和最大点蚀深度分别提高了约4.1倍和12.8倍。微生物群落分析显示，硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）以Desulfovibrio属为主，取代硝酸盐还原菌（NRB）成为优势菌群。SRB的代谢活性导致腐蚀性FeS和多孔的无保护性腐蚀产物膜的形成，降低了膜电阻（Rf），加速了金属的溶解。这些发现表明，石油管道中的沉积物通过促进腐蚀促进微生物（如srb）的定植和富集而加剧了局部腐蚀。它们的代谢产物，加上由此产生的腐蚀副产物，进一步增加了沉积物的总体负担，形成了一个恶性循环。

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引用次数: 0

Pollutant removal mechanism and greenhouse gas emission reduction strategy of biochar modified subsurface wastewater infiltration system driven by hydraulic load 水力负荷驱动下生物炭改性地下污水渗透系统的污染物去除机理及温室气体减排策略

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108583

Peng Yang , Rongfang Yuan , Shuming Liu , Beihai Zhou , Huilun Chen

The characteristics of pollutant removal, greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and microbial community changes in two subsurface wastewater infiltration systems (SWIS), SWIS A (with biochar) and SWIS B (without biochar) under different hydraulic loading rate (HLR) conditions were experimentally studied. The results showed that biochar significantly improved the system's resistance to load shock by adsorbing pollutants and promoting microbial growth. The COD removal rate is maintained above 82 %, and biochar promoted nitrogen removal by enriching denitrifying bacteria at low HLR (0.05 ∼ 0.10 m³·m⁻²·d⁻¹). In addition, the aerobic state of low HLR leads to the increase of CO₂ and N₂O emissions, and the upper anoxic state of high HLR weakens the nitrification, resulting in the accumulation of NH₄⁺-N. Controlling HLR at 0.10 ∼ 0.15 m³·m⁻²·d⁻¹ can effectively achieve the purpose of pollutant removal and GHG emission reduction. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Actinobacteriota, and at the genus level, Arthrobacter, norank_o_Vicinamibacterales, and norank_c_KD4–96 are the dominant microbial groups primarily responsible for the treatment capacity of the SWIS. Research indicates that COD removal is associated with Myxococcota and norank_o_Gaiellales, while NH₄⁺-N transformation is mainly driven by Firmicutes and Patescibacteria. CO₂ and N₂O fluxes are closely related to ammonia-oxidizing bacteria such as Ellin6067, whereas CH₄ flux is synergistically regulated by Gemmatimonadota (promoting) and Actinobacteriota (inhibiting).

实验研究了不同水力加载速率（HLR）条件下，含生物炭的地下污水渗滤系统（SWIS A）和不含生物炭的地下污水渗滤系统（SWIS B）的污染物去除、温室气体（GHG）排放和微生物群落变化特征。结果表明，生物炭通过吸附污染物和促进微生物生长，显著提高了系统对负荷冲击的抵抗力。在低HLR （0.05 ~ 0.10 m3·m-2·d-1）条件下，生物炭通过富集反硝化菌促进氮的去除。此外，低HLR的好氧状态导致CO2和N2O排放量增加，高HLR的上缺氧状态削弱了硝化作用，导致NH4+-N的积累。将HLR控制在0.10 ~ 0.15 m3·m-2·d-1，可以有效地达到去除污染物和减少温室气体排放的目的。在门水平上，Proteobacteria、Chloroflexi和Actinobacteriota；在属水平上，Arthrobacter、norank_o_Vicinamibacterales和norank_c_KD4-96是主要负责SWIS处理能力的优势微生物群。研究表明，COD的去除与黏液球菌（Myxococcota）和norank_o_Gaiellales有关，而NH4+-N的转化主要由厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和Patescibacteria驱动。CO2和N2O通量与Ellin6067等氨氧化菌密切相关，而CH4通量受双胞菌（促进）和放线菌（抑制）的协同调节。

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引用次数: 0