Pub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.038
Qi Ding, Majed A. Alotaibi, Chuang Lui
This article presents an integrated system that combines heat and power output by recovering waste heat from a gas turbine. Additionally, it includes a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer that generates pure hydrogen. The heat recovery encompasses the integration of an organic Rankine cycle for the generation of hot water, the optimization of the organic Rankine cycle segment through the incorporation of a Kalina cycle, and the transformation of the waste heat from the Kalina cycle into electric power within the organic Rankine cycle by employing R-141b as the working fluid. Additionally, the excess hot water and electricity produced have been converted into hydrogen. This novel procedure involves the utilization of two organic Rankine cycle systems employing distinct working fluids. The primary aim is to employ octane as the working fluid to generate electricity and facilitate enhanced energy integration. The system underwent thorough examination and assessment, considering energy, exergy, economic, and environmental variables. Additionally, a sensitivity analyses of the operational parameters was performed. In addition, the thermodynamic performance of the process has been analyzed in three different scenarios: single generation, combined heat and power, and combined heat, power, and hydrogen. The findings revealed that the process attains an energy efficiency of 64.99 %, an exergy efficiency of 57.47 %, and an electrical efficiency of 41.93 %. The environmental assessment concluded that the proposed approach can decrease targeted CO2 emissions by 39.83 % in comparison to the situation when a single product is produced. Furthermore, this reduction is much greater (50.17 %) when compared to a similar structure that relies on biomass fuel. Economically, the total plant cost rate has been computed at 2867 $/h, with the exergy unit cost for this innovative process amounting to 29.63 $/GJ. The sensitivity study reveals that raising the inlet air temperature to the burner to a maximum of 870 ℃ leads to a notable improvement in energy efficiency, reaching 72.4 %, and exergy efficiency, reaching 62 %. This new system, with its advanced thermal integration and multi-heat recovery, presents a highly efficient and environmentally friendly solution for energy and hydrogen production.
{"title":"Sustainable process modeling and holistic 4E assessment of an innovative CHP plant with renewable hydrogen production based on multi-heat recovery and PEM electrolyzer","authors":"Qi Ding, Majed A. Alotaibi, Chuang Lui","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.038","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an integrated system that combines heat and power output by recovering waste heat from a gas turbine. Additionally, it includes a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer that generates pure hydrogen. The heat recovery encompasses the integration of an organic Rankine cycle for the generation of hot water, the optimization of the organic Rankine cycle segment through the incorporation of a Kalina cycle, and the transformation of the waste heat from the Kalina cycle into electric power within the organic Rankine cycle by employing R-141b as the working fluid. Additionally, the excess hot water and electricity produced have been converted into hydrogen. This novel procedure involves the utilization of two organic Rankine cycle systems employing distinct working fluids. The primary aim is to employ octane as the working fluid to generate electricity and facilitate enhanced energy integration. The system underwent thorough examination and assessment, considering energy, exergy, economic, and environmental variables. Additionally, a sensitivity analyses of the operational parameters was performed. In addition, the thermodynamic performance of the process has been analyzed in three different scenarios: single generation, combined heat and power, and combined heat, power, and hydrogen. The findings revealed that the process attains an energy efficiency of 64.99 %, an exergy efficiency of 57.47 %, and an electrical efficiency of 41.93 %. The environmental assessment concluded that the proposed approach can decrease targeted CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> emissions by 39.83 % in comparison to the situation when a single product is produced. Furthermore, this reduction is much greater (50.17 %) when compared to a similar structure that relies on biomass fuel. Economically, the total plant cost rate has been computed at 2867 $/h, with the exergy unit cost for this innovative process amounting to 29.63 $/GJ. The sensitivity study reveals that raising the inlet air temperature to the burner to a maximum of 870 <mml:math altimg=\"si0110.svg\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">℃</mml:mi></mml:math> leads to a notable improvement in energy efficiency, reaching 72.4 %, and exergy efficiency, reaching 62 %. This new system, with its advanced thermal integration and multi-heat recovery, presents a highly efficient and environmentally friendly solution for energy and hydrogen production.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.045
Nan Zhang, Jianliang Zhang, Xiaojun Ning, Guangwei Wang, Lian Ye, Chuan Wang
In this paper, the characteristics of low-rank coal for blast furnace injection after hydrothermal carbonization treatment was studied. The impact of the hydrochar injection on human health, energy, environment and other factors was discussed through the life cycle assessment method. Compared with pulverized coal injection, the hydrochar can improve the sustainability of the ecosystem and the healthy development of human beings. The impact on human health dropped from 24.61Pt to 23.73Pt, the ecosystem dropped from 0.53Pt to 0.51Pt, and the energy utilization rate dropped from 0.31Pt to 0.3Pt. Human carcinogenic toxicity, global warming, freshwater ecotoxicity and mineral resource scarcity are the most significant impacts. After using hydrochar, due to the increase of heat in front of the tuyere raceway and the improvement of pulverized coal utilization, the effects of optimizing coal gas flow distribution, improving reduction efficiency and strengthening smelting are achieved, thus reducing the impact of toxicity and greenhouse effect. Changes in freshwater ecotoxicity are mainly related to the sintering process and chemical reactions. The injection of hydrochar can make a positive contribution to the impact of ore resources. Moreover, the uncertainty analysis results show that the accuracy of the current model calculation can eliminate potential error risks. Thus, the application of hydrochar provides a better solution for the innovative, sustainable development and low-carbon production of iron-making process.
{"title":"Research on life cycle assessment of low-rank coal by hydrothermal carbonization in blast furnace","authors":"Nan Zhang, Jianliang Zhang, Xiaojun Ning, Guangwei Wang, Lian Ye, Chuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.045","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the characteristics of low-rank coal for blast furnace injection after hydrothermal carbonization treatment was studied. The impact of the hydrochar injection on human health, energy, environment and other factors was discussed through the life cycle assessment method. Compared with pulverized coal injection, the hydrochar can improve the sustainability of the ecosystem and the healthy development of human beings. The impact on human health dropped from 24.61Pt to 23.73Pt, the ecosystem dropped from 0.53Pt to 0.51Pt, and the energy utilization rate dropped from 0.31Pt to 0.3Pt. Human carcinogenic toxicity, global warming, freshwater ecotoxicity and mineral resource scarcity are the most significant impacts. After using hydrochar, due to the increase of heat in front of the tuyere raceway and the improvement of pulverized coal utilization, the effects of optimizing coal gas flow distribution, improving reduction efficiency and strengthening smelting are achieved, thus reducing the impact of toxicity and greenhouse effect. Changes in freshwater ecotoxicity are mainly related to the sintering process and chemical reactions. The injection of hydrochar can make a positive contribution to the impact of ore resources. Moreover, the uncertainty analysis results show that the accuracy of the current model calculation can eliminate potential error risks. Thus, the application of hydrochar provides a better solution for the innovative, sustainable development and low-carbon production of iron-making process.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.040
Xinjun Shen, Fan He, Siyu Zhang, Xu Gao, Cong Wang
Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is a chemical widely used in various materials. As a phthalic plasticizer, DEP has become a new pollutant in environment water. In this study, a double grounded dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma was used to degrade DEP in wastewater. By adding packing materials into the discharge space, a new type of packed bed DBD plasma system was formed to enhance the discharge effect and improve the removal rate of DEP. The active sites of DEP were analyzed using reductive Fukui function, reductive double character description, and Mayer bond level. The reaction degradation pathways, including hydroxylation and cleavage reactions, were proposed. Overall, the new packed bed DBD plasma system is an efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical technology for the degradation of difficult-to-remove contaminants in water.
邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）是一种广泛应用于各种材料的化学品。作为一种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂，DEP 已成为环境水体中的一种新污染物。本研究采用双接地介质阻挡放电（DBD）等离子体来降解废水中的 DEP。通过在放电空间中加入填料，形成了一种新型填料床 DBD 等离子体系统，从而增强了放电效果，提高了对 DEP 的去除率。利用还原福井函数、还原双字符描述和梅尔键水平分析了 DEP 的活性位点。提出了包括羟化反应和裂解反应在内的反应降解途径。总之，新型填料床 DBD 等离子体系统是一种高效、环保、经济的降解水中难去除污染物的技术。
{"title":"Optimization and degradation pathway of DEP in water by dielectric barrier discharge","authors":"Xinjun Shen, Fan He, Siyu Zhang, Xu Gao, Cong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.040","url":null,"abstract":"Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is a chemical widely used in various materials. As a phthalic plasticizer, DEP has become a new pollutant in environment water. In this study, a double grounded dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma was used to degrade DEP in wastewater. By adding packing materials into the discharge space, a new type of packed bed DBD plasma system was formed to enhance the discharge effect and improve the removal rate of DEP. The active sites of DEP were analyzed using reductive Fukui function, reductive double character description, and Mayer bond level. The reaction degradation pathways, including hydroxylation and cleavage reactions, were proposed. Overall, the new packed bed DBD plasma system is an efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical technology for the degradation of difficult-to-remove contaminants in water.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"543 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.039
Silvia Dutta, Manish Kumar Jain, Dheeraj Kumar
Surface mining and its associated industries exhibits substantial risks to both ecosystems and human health. This study employed multiple statistical analyses, interpolation techniques, Positive Matrix Factorization model, pollution indices, and Monte Carlo Simulations. This demonstrates source identification, spatial distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Zn, Cr, Hg, As, Cu, Co, Mn, Ni, and Pb), and their consequences on native ecosystem and human environment in the Raniganj, India. During the hot and dry summer season, 108 soil samples were collected from active and inactive overburden dumps, reclaimed areas, agricultural soils, and ground control points across 11 mines. The high variance and wide concentration ranges suggest that heavy metals were introduced into the soil primarily through mining activities. PMF model revealed various heavy metal sources i.e., coal mining (69.4 %): Cr; dust settlement (1.8 %): Zn; anthropogenic sources (11.6 %): Cu; emissions from coal conveyor belts and vehicle (12 %): Pb; natural sources (4.9 %): Mn; industrial sources (37.3 %): Hg. Monte Carlo Simulation model demonstrated probabilities of carcinogenic health risks as 97.6 % (Cd), 86.1 % (Cr), and 69.9 % (As), in children but not in adults. This study uniquely help in managing pollution sources, protecting the environment, and promoting sustainable practices in industrial region.
{"title":"Evaluation of soil heavy metals in Raniganj open-cast coal mines in India: Spatial distribution, Positive Matrix Factorization and Monte Carlo Simulation","authors":"Silvia Dutta, Manish Kumar Jain, Dheeraj Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.039","url":null,"abstract":"Surface mining and its associated industries exhibits substantial risks to both ecosystems and human health. This study employed multiple statistical analyses, interpolation techniques, Positive Matrix Factorization model, pollution indices, and Monte Carlo Simulations. This demonstrates source identification, spatial distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Zn, Cr, Hg, As, Cu, Co, Mn, Ni, and Pb), and their consequences on native ecosystem and human environment in the Raniganj, India. During the hot and dry summer season, 108 soil samples were collected from active and inactive overburden dumps, reclaimed areas, agricultural soils, and ground control points across 11 mines. The high variance and wide concentration ranges suggest that heavy metals were introduced into the soil primarily through mining activities. PMF model revealed various heavy metal sources i.e., coal mining (69.4 %): Cr; dust settlement (1.8 %): Zn; anthropogenic sources (11.6 %): Cu; emissions from coal conveyor belts and vehicle (12 %): Pb; natural sources (4.9 %): Mn; industrial sources (37.3 %): Hg. Monte Carlo Simulation model demonstrated probabilities of carcinogenic health risks as 97.6 % (Cd), 86.1 % (Cr), and 69.9 % (As), in children but not in adults. This study uniquely help in managing pollution sources, protecting the environment, and promoting sustainable practices in industrial region.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.036
Yi Han, Bo Yang, Li-Yi Meng, Hyeong-Kyu Cho, Runsheng Lin, Xiao-Yong Wang
The growing environmental concerns associated with the high carbon emissions of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) production, and the accumulation of industrial and marine waste materials, necessitate innovative solutions in the construction industry. This study evaluates the environmental feasibility of recycling industrial byproduct slag (BFS) and waste oyster shell powder (OSP) as alternative materials for traditional cement. The first to comprehensively evaluate the environmental impacts of concrete mixtures incorporating waste oyster shell powder (OSP) and blast furnace slag (BFS) using a combined Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. First, the RSM was used to design mixture ratios to balance performance with low environmental impact. Then, LCA was used to assess the environmental benefits from a "cradle-to-grave" perspective. The results indicate that adding OSP and BFS significantly reduces the global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), and eutrophication potential (EP) of the mixtures. Specifically, when the incorporation levels of OSP and BFS increased, the reductions in GWP, AP and EP were 8.24–48.52 %, 7.37–36.42 %, and 6.45–31.11 %, respectively. However, the addition of OSP and BFS negatively impacted the ozone depletion potential (ODP) and photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP), since it increased the ODP and POCP by 16.89–48.27 % and 8.63–28.52 %, respectively. Additionally, the compressive strength of the mixtures was 29.78–47.67 MPa, which showed a general declining trend with increased substitution of cement with OSP and BFS. Thus, an optimization analysis of environmental impacts guided by compressive strength was conducted to optimize the balance between environmental impact and structural performance. For a compressive strength requirement of 35 MPa, the incorporation rates of OSP and BFS were relatively high (8.71 % and 37.78 %, respectively), and the environmental impact was relatively low. When the compressive strength requirement increased, the substitution rates of OSP and BFS gradually decreased, and the environmental impact increased. When the compressive strength requirement reached 45 MPa, the addition rates of OSP and BFS decreased to 4.49 % and 11.17 %, respectively. This research highlights the potential of using waste materials as functional substitutes in mixtures and contributes to sustainable construction practices while maintaining material performance.
{"title":"Optimization of the life cycle environmental impact of shell powder and slag concrete using response surface methodology","authors":"Yi Han, Bo Yang, Li-Yi Meng, Hyeong-Kyu Cho, Runsheng Lin, Xiao-Yong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.036","url":null,"abstract":"The growing environmental concerns associated with the high carbon emissions of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) production, and the accumulation of industrial and marine waste materials, necessitate innovative solutions in the construction industry. This study evaluates the environmental feasibility of recycling industrial byproduct slag (BFS) and waste oyster shell powder (OSP) as alternative materials for traditional cement. The first to comprehensively evaluate the environmental impacts of concrete mixtures incorporating waste oyster shell powder (OSP) and blast furnace slag (BFS) using a combined Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. First, the RSM was used to design mixture ratios to balance performance with low environmental impact. Then, LCA was used to assess the environmental benefits from a \"cradle-to-grave\" perspective. The results indicate that adding OSP and BFS significantly reduces the global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), and eutrophication potential (EP) of the mixtures. Specifically, when the incorporation levels of OSP and BFS increased, the reductions in GWP, AP and EP were 8.24–48.52 %, 7.37–36.42 %, and 6.45–31.11 %, respectively. However, the addition of OSP and BFS negatively impacted the ozone depletion potential (ODP) and photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP), since it increased the ODP and POCP by 16.89–48.27 % and 8.63–28.52 %, respectively. Additionally, the compressive strength of the mixtures was 29.78–47.67 MPa, which showed a general declining trend with increased substitution of cement with OSP and BFS. Thus, an optimization analysis of environmental impacts guided by compressive strength was conducted to optimize the balance between environmental impact and structural performance. For a compressive strength requirement of 35 MPa, the incorporation rates of OSP and BFS were relatively high (8.71 % and 37.78 %, respectively), and the environmental impact was relatively low. When the compressive strength requirement increased, the substitution rates of OSP and BFS gradually decreased, and the environmental impact increased. When the compressive strength requirement reached 45 MPa, the addition rates of OSP and BFS decreased to 4.49 % and 11.17 %, respectively. This research highlights the potential of using waste materials as functional substitutes in mixtures and contributes to sustainable construction practices while maintaining material performance.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water contamination by nitrate and phosphate ions remains a critical environmental and public health challenge, largely driven by agricultural runoff and industrial activities. In this study, the adsorption capacity of nickel-doped calcium alginate beads (Ni-CaAlg) as a novel adsorbent for the dual removal of nitrate and phosphate ions from water has been investigated. Incorporating nickel ions into the alginate matrix enhanced adsorption capacity and provided additional active sites, fostering electrostatic interactions with the target contaminants. The characterization including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and zeta potential measurement (pHpzc), confirmed the successful doping, structural integrity, and surface charge properties of the beads. Based on the findings, in the optimized conditions of pH 6, adsorbent dosage of 30 mg, and contact time of 120 min, the Ni-CaAlg beads had the highest adsorption capacities of 169.5 mg/g for nitrate and 238.1 mg/g for phosphate. The adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and well-fitted with the Langmuir isotherm, confirming chemisorption and monolayer adsorption. The beads retained over 70 % of their initial adsorption capacity after ten adsorption-desorption cycles, underscoring their durability and reusability. These findings establish Ni-CaAlg beads as a promising and innovative solution for mitigating nitrate and phosphate contamination in water treatment systems.
{"title":"Effective removal of nitrate and phosphate ions from water using nickel-doped calcium alginate beads","authors":"Parham Joolaei Ahranjani, Kamine Dehghan, Sepideh Farhoudi, Mehdi Esmaeili Bidhendi, Zahra Sotoudehnia Korrani, Shahabaldin Rezania","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.034","url":null,"abstract":"Water contamination by nitrate and phosphate ions remains a critical environmental and public health challenge, largely driven by agricultural runoff and industrial activities. In this study, the adsorption capacity of nickel-doped calcium alginate beads (Ni-CaAlg) as a novel adsorbent for the dual removal of nitrate and phosphate ions from water has been investigated. Incorporating nickel ions into the alginate matrix enhanced adsorption capacity and provided additional active sites, fostering electrostatic interactions with the target contaminants. The characterization including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and zeta potential measurement (pHpzc), confirmed the successful doping, structural integrity, and surface charge properties of the beads. Based on the findings, in the optimized conditions of pH 6, adsorbent dosage of 30 mg, and contact time of 120 min, the Ni-CaAlg beads had the highest adsorption capacities of 169.5 mg/g for nitrate and 238.1 mg/g for phosphate. The adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and well-fitted with the Langmuir isotherm, confirming chemisorption and monolayer adsorption. The beads retained over 70 % of their initial adsorption capacity after ten adsorption-desorption cycles, underscoring their durability and reusability. These findings establish Ni-CaAlg beads as a promising and innovative solution for mitigating nitrate and phosphate contamination in water treatment systems.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.026
Faranack M. Boora, Javad Ebrahimpourboura, M. Sheikholeslami, Z. Khalili
This study aims to optimize a solar Photovoltaic (PV) and thermoelectric (TE) unit utilizing the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The system incorporates a hybrid nanofluid jet, composed of water and ND-Co3O4 nanoparticles. Optimization, conducted in Python, utilizes data from an extensive 3D numerical model. Key factors under consideration include solar irradiation, the jet’s injection location, tube and jet inlet velocities, and the proportion of hybrid nanoparticles. The primary goals are to reduce pumping power (Ep), maximize the system’s overall gain over a 10-year span, and improve CO2 reduction. This research is significant for its comprehensive approach to enhancing solar energy technology, boosting system performance and efficiency, while addressing environmental concerns by lowering CO2 emissions. By combining advanced numerical simulations with NSGA-II optimization, this work advances sustainable energy solutions, providing valuable insights for the design of well-organized and environmentally friendly solar energy units. The optimization successfully balanced system gain, CO2 reduction, and pumping power, achieving optimal results of $12,508.8 for system gain, 431.59 tons for CO2 reduction, and 0.2097 for pumping power. The Mean Squared Error (MSE) percentages for the training data are under 1 % for system gain, approximately 1.6 % for CO2 reduction, and around 1.1 % for pumping power, underscoring the effectiveness of the optimization process.
{"title":"Optimizing the efficiency of photovoltaic-thermoelectric systems equipped with hybrid nanofluid channels: Environmental and economic considerations","authors":"Faranack M. Boora, Javad Ebrahimpourboura, M. Sheikholeslami, Z. Khalili","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to optimize a solar Photovoltaic (PV) and thermoelectric (TE) unit utilizing the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The system incorporates a hybrid nanofluid jet, composed of water and ND-Co<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> nanoparticles. Optimization, conducted in Python, utilizes data from an extensive 3D numerical model. Key factors under consideration include solar irradiation, the jet’s injection location, tube and jet inlet velocities, and the proportion of hybrid nanoparticles. The primary goals are to reduce pumping power (Ep), maximize the system’s overall gain over a 10-year span, and improve CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> reduction. This research is significant for its comprehensive approach to enhancing solar energy technology, boosting system performance and efficiency, while addressing environmental concerns by lowering CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> emissions. By combining advanced numerical simulations with NSGA-II optimization, this work advances sustainable energy solutions, providing valuable insights for the design of well-organized and environmentally friendly solar energy units. The optimization successfully balanced system gain, CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> reduction, and pumping power, achieving optimal results of $12,508.8 for system gain, 431.59 tons for CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> reduction, and 0.2097 for pumping power. The Mean Squared Error (MSE) percentages for the training data are under 1 % for system gain, approximately 1.6 % for CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> reduction, and around 1.1 % for pumping power, underscoring the effectiveness of the optimization process.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photo-Fenton membranes exhibit exceptional self-cleaning and anti-fouling performances, making them promising for oil/water separation applications. However, the practical use of photo-Fenton catalytic reaction is limited as it requires an acidic environment. In this study, a polyethersulfone (PES)/Fe3S4@Al2O3 membrane was fabricated using nonsolvent-induced phase separation. This resulted in a photo-Fenton separation membrane with a broad pH range applicability, leveraging the high catalytic activity of Fe3S4 and the unique Lewis acid properties of Al2O3. The findings indicate that the optimized membranes can achieve a separation efficiency of over 99.3 % for various oil/water emulsions. The membrane demonstrates exceptional self-cleaning performance and stability, maintaining a separation efficiency of over 99 % even after 10 cycles of oil/water emulsion separation. Additionally, the membrane exhibited a catalytic degradation efficiency of 100 % for MB, RhB and MO under visible light in pH range of 2–12. The high separation efficiency, stability, self-cleaning performance, and wide pH range of these membranes make them promising candidates for long-term oily wastewater purification.
{"title":"PES/Fe3S4@Al2O3 self-cleaning membrane with rapid catalysis for effective emulsion separation and dye degradation","authors":"Denghui Zhu, Tong Xu, Chengcai Li, Dan Xu, Guojin Liu, Hailin Zhu, Yuhai Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.028","url":null,"abstract":"Photo-Fenton membranes exhibit exceptional self-cleaning and anti-fouling performances, making them promising for oil/water separation applications. However, the practical use of photo-Fenton catalytic reaction is limited as it requires an acidic environment. In this study, a polyethersulfone (PES)/Fe<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>S<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf>@Al<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> membrane was fabricated using nonsolvent-induced phase separation. This resulted in a photo-Fenton separation membrane with a broad pH range applicability, leveraging the high catalytic activity of Fe<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>S<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> and the unique Lewis acid properties of Al<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>. The findings indicate that the optimized membranes can achieve a separation efficiency of over 99.3 % for various oil/water emulsions. The membrane demonstrates exceptional self-cleaning performance and stability, maintaining a separation efficiency of over 99 % even after 10 cycles of oil/water emulsion separation. Additionally, the membrane exhibited a catalytic degradation efficiency of 100 % for MB, RhB and MO under visible light in pH range of 2–12. The high separation efficiency, stability, self-cleaning performance, and wide pH range of these membranes make them promising candidates for long-term oily wastewater purification.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.033
Jian Kang, Tao Su, Jingfa Li, Zhixing Wang, Jixin Zhang
As a key link in the upstream of the hydrogen energy industry chain, a hydrogen refilling station is critical to ensure the safety and sustainable development of hydrogen energy, to deeply analyze the coupling relationship between the causative factors of fire and explosion accidents in hydrogen refilling station, and to put forward practical preventive measures and control risks. In this paper, firstly, based on the AcciMap model of accident causation mapping, 28 typical accident causative factors are identified in a hierarchical system, and the AcciMap model of fire and explosion accidents in hydrogen refueling stations is constructed; then, based on the FTA method, the minimum cut-set, the structure and the probabilistic importance of the fire and explosion accidents in hydrogen refueling stations are calculated to analyze the attributes of the system as a whole and the individual factors, and accordingly, from different perspectives. Determine the key causal factors of fire and explosion accidents in hydrogen refueling stations; finally, introduce the key causal factors into the AcciMap model for inference and diagnosis, and compare and analyze the most extensive causal chain of accidents. Practical research shows that the combination of AcciMap-FTA proposed in this paper can effectively portray the attribute characteristics of accident causation, explain the development path of causative factors, and put forward diversified risk prevention measures, which is a useful supplement to the AcciMap model in the field of quantitative analysis.
{"title":"Research on risk evolution, prevention, and control of fire and explosion accidents in hydrogen refueling stations based on the AcciMap-FTA model","authors":"Jian Kang, Tao Su, Jingfa Li, Zhixing Wang, Jixin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.033","url":null,"abstract":"As a key link in the upstream of the hydrogen energy industry chain, a hydrogen refilling station is critical to ensure the safety and sustainable development of hydrogen energy, to deeply analyze the coupling relationship between the causative factors of fire and explosion accidents in hydrogen refilling station, and to put forward practical preventive measures and control risks. In this paper, firstly, based on the AcciMap model of accident causation mapping, 28 typical accident causative factors are identified in a hierarchical system, and the AcciMap model of fire and explosion accidents in hydrogen refueling stations is constructed; then, based on the FTA method, the minimum cut-set, the structure and the probabilistic importance of the fire and explosion accidents in hydrogen refueling stations are calculated to analyze the attributes of the system as a whole and the individual factors, and accordingly, from different perspectives. Determine the key causal factors of fire and explosion accidents in hydrogen refueling stations; finally, introduce the key causal factors into the AcciMap model for inference and diagnosis, and compare and analyze the most extensive causal chain of accidents. Practical research shows that the combination of AcciMap-FTA proposed in this paper can effectively portray the attribute characteristics of accident causation, explain the development path of causative factors, and put forward diversified risk prevention measures, which is a useful supplement to the AcciMap model in the field of quantitative analysis.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"48 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.027
Daye Li, Jie Dong, Kaixiang Peng, Qichun Zhang
The distribution of actual industrial process data is complex, and variations in data distribution caused by equipment wear and changing operating conditions can easily lead to model mismatch, presenting a severe challenge to fault diagnosis methods that assume data follows a Gaussian distribution. In this context, we propose a novel fault detection method based on generative models in this paper. Firstly, historical data are used to train a denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM) to generate data. Secondly, both the training set and the generated data are input to an autoencoder, and a data evaluation metric is constructed to filter high-quality out of distribution features. Subsequently, positive and negative sample pairs are constructed based on these features, and an improved supervised contrastive learning detection model is designed to extract unique features of normal data under the supervision of virtual fault samples. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are validated through the Tennessee Eastman simulation process.
{"title":"An improved supervised contrastive learning with denoising diffusion probabilistic model for fault detection in industrial processes","authors":"Daye Li, Jie Dong, Kaixiang Peng, Qichun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.027","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of actual industrial process data is complex, and variations in data distribution caused by equipment wear and changing operating conditions can easily lead to model mismatch, presenting a severe challenge to fault diagnosis methods that assume data follows a Gaussian distribution. In this context, we propose a novel fault detection method based on generative models in this paper. Firstly, historical data are used to train a denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM) to generate data. Secondly, both the training set and the generated data are input to an autoencoder, and a data evaluation metric is constructed to filter high-quality out of distribution features. Subsequently, positive and negative sample pairs are constructed based on these features, and an improved supervised contrastive learning detection model is designed to extract unique features of normal data under the supervision of virtual fault samples. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are validated through the Tennessee Eastman simulation process.","PeriodicalId":20743,"journal":{"name":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","volume":"242 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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