Process Safety and Environmental Protection最新文献_第6页

Safeguarding the sustainable tungsten supply: Advances in green beneficiation and metallurgical technologies 保障钨的可持续供应：绿色选矿和冶金技术的进展

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108585

Chenquan Ni , Feng Tian , Degang Liu , Yong Liang , Chang Liu

Tungsten, a critical strategic metal, is recognized for its exceptional melting point, density, hardness, and wear resistance. These properties make it indispensable in industries such as cemented carbides, alloy steels, electronics, defense, and aerospace. Despite its importance, global tungsten resources are unevenly distributed, with high-grade wolframite ores becoming increasingly rare. As a result, attention has shifted toward more complex tungsten ores like scheelite, which present challenges in mineral composition, fine particle sizes, and extraction efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the global distribution of tungsten reserves, focusing on their mineralogical characteristics and recent innovations in mineral processing and metallurgy. Key advancements in flotation techniques, reagent development, and physical separation methods such as gravity, magnetic, and electrostatic separation are discussed. Furthermore, the paper examines sustainable metallurgical extraction technologies, including alkaline pressure leaching, acid decomposition, and solvent extraction. The future of tungsten processing is also explored, with a focus on intelligent ore sorting, bio-metallurgy, and process intensification, aiming to provide a theoretical and technical framework for the clean and efficient utilization of tungsten resources.

钨是一种重要的战略金属，因其特殊的熔点、密度、硬度和耐磨性而被公认。这些特性使其在诸如硬质合金、合金钢、电子、国防和航空航天等行业中不可或缺。但全球钨资源分布不均匀，高品位黑钨矿日益稀少。因此，人们的注意力转向了更复杂的钨矿，如白钨矿，这在矿物组成、细粒度和提取效率方面提出了挑战。本文综合分析了全球钨储量的分布，重点介绍了钨的矿物学特征和最近在选矿和冶金方面的创新。讨论了浮选技术、药剂开发和物理分离方法（如重力、磁力和静电分离）的主要进展。此外，本文探讨了可持续的冶金萃取技术，包括碱性压力浸出，酸分解和溶剂萃取。展望了钨加工的未来，重点从智能选矿、生物冶金和工艺强化等方面进行了探讨，旨在为钨资源的清洁高效利用提供理论和技术框架。

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引用次数: 0

Embedding low-coordinated cobalt nanoparticle into carbon nitrogen polymer to construct Schottky junction for effective degradation of fluorine-containing antibiotic via peroxymonosulfate activation 将低配位钴纳米颗粒嵌入碳氮聚合物中构建肖特基结，通过过氧单硫酸盐活化有效降解含氟抗生素

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108614

Xin Liu , Tong Wei , Qixue Wang , Kegui Zhang , Jiahong Pan , Shi-Wen Lv , Ruoyu Hu , Zhiqing Liu

Developing novel technology for treating wastewater containing fluorinated antibiotic will exercise a meaningful influence on ecological environment. In this study, low-coordinated cobalt nanoparticle is embedded into carbon nitrogen polymer to construct the Schottky heterojunction (namely Co/g-C₃N₄), then activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the degradation of ofloxacin. Notably, the formation of Schottky heterojunction causes the charge redistribution at the interface, so offering more active sites and accelerating the charge transfer. More importantly, the mechanism of peroxymonosulfate activation is transformed into nonradical pathway from radical pathway after the combination of cobalt nanoparticle with carbon nitrogen polymer. Briefly, PMS is first adsorbed onto Co/g-C₃N₄ to form Co/g-C₃N₄-PMS* complex, and then most Co/g-C₃N₄-PMS* complex is decomposed into ¹O₂, which plays a major role in ofloxacin degradation. There is hydrogen radical (H^•) generated during the process of PMS activation over Co/g-C₃N₄, and H^• can break C-F bonds, thereby achieving satisfactory defluorination rate. Furthermore, degradation pathways of ofloxacin and toxicity of degradation by-products are also clarified in detailed. In conclusion, current work can provide a valuable reference for future research on the treatment of wastewater containing fluorinated antibiotics.

开发处理含氟抗生素废水的新技术将对生态环境产生重要影响。本研究将低配位钴纳米颗粒嵌入碳氮聚合物中，构建肖特基异质结（即Co/g-C3N4），激活过氧单硫酸根（PMS）降解氧氟沙星。值得注意的是，肖特基异质结的形成使电荷在界面处重新分布，从而提供了更多的活性位点，加速了电荷的转移。更重要的是，钴纳米颗粒与碳氮聚合物结合后，过氧单硫酸盐活化机理由自由基途径转变为非自由基途径。简单地说，PMS首先吸附在Co/g-C3N4上形成Co/g-C3N4-PMS*络合物，然后大部分Co/g-C3N4-PMS*络合物被分解成1O2，在氧氟沙星降解中起主要作用。PMS在Co/g-C3N4上活化过程中产生氢自由基（H•），H•可以破坏C-F键，从而达到满意的除氟率。此外，还详细阐述了氧氟沙星的降解途径和降解副产物的毒性。综上所述，本工作可为今后含氟抗生素废水的处理研究提供有价值的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic enhancement of solar still performance via Eco-friendly packed bed heat storage and natural cloth materials 通过生态友好的填料床储热和天然布料材料协同增强太阳能蒸馏器的性能

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108624

Naveen Sharma , Trinath Mahala

This study investigates the performance enhancement of conventional (CSS) and modified (MSS) pyramid solar stills using a novel and unexplored combination of solid cylindrical heat storage materials (SCHSMs) configured as packed bed (PB) in 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 matrices together with natural cloth materials namely, black cotton (C) and jute (J). The SCHSMs are prepared from gravels, sand, and cement in the ratio of 7:2:1. The modified solar still incorporates fins and paraffin wax beneath the basin to improve thermal energy retention. Fourteen configurations were experimentally assessed in Greater Noida, India, during October 2024, covering combinations of CSS, MSS, PB arrangements, and cloth layers. Performance was assessed across four cases, focusing on productivity, energy, exergy, economic, environmental, enviro-economic, energy payback period and energy production factor. Compared to CSS, MSS alone improved productivity, energy, and exergy efficiency by 20 %, 18.57 %, and 40.52 %, respectively (Case A). MSS + PB (8 ×8) delivered further gains of 92.38 %, 82.89 %, and 206.03 % (Case B), while the addition of jute cloth (MSS + PB (8 ×8) + J) enhanced these metrics by 95.71 %, 89.59 %, and 171.55 % (Case C). The best overall performance was achieved by the cotton-based configuration (MSS + PB (8 ×8) + C), with respective increases of 116.7 %, 108.82 %, and 250 % (Case D). Additionally, MSS + PB (8 ×8) + C achieved approximately 40 % reduction in both payback period and cost per liter, along with a 114.58 % improvement in enviro-economic parameters compared to CSS, while offsetting 29.53 tons of CO₂ annually. Exergetic sustainability was analyzed using improvement potential and the sustainability index.

本研究研究了传统（CSS）和改良（MSS）金字塔式太阳能反应器的性能增强，采用了一种全新的、未经探索的组合，将固体圆柱形储热材料（SCHSMs）配置为填充床（PB），在4 × 4和8 × 8基质中与天然布料材料(即黑棉(C)和黄麻(J)一起使用。SCHSMs由砾石、沙子和水泥按7:2:1的比例制备。改良后的太阳能板在盆下还采用了翅片和石蜡，以提高热能保留。2024年10月，在印度大诺伊达对14种配置进行了实验评估，包括CSS、MSS、PB布置和布层组合。绩效评估分为四种情况，重点是生产率、能源、能源、经济、环境、环境经济、能源回收期和能源生产因素。与CSS相比，MSS单独提高了生产率、能量和火用效率，分别提高了20% %、18.57 %和40.52 %（案例A）。MSS + PB(8 ×8)交付进一步上涨92.38 %, % 82.89和206.03 % (B),而新增的黄麻织物(MSS + PB(8 ×8)+ J)增强这些指标95.71 % 89.59 %和171.55 % (C)。以棉花为基础的配置（MSS + PB(8 ×8) + C）的综合性能最好，分别提高116.7 %、108.82 %和250 % （Case D）。此外，与CSS相比，MSS + PB(8 ×8) + C的投资回收期和每升成本降低了约40% %，环境经济参数改善了114.58 %，同时每年抵消29.53吨CO₂。利用改进潜力和可持续性指数分析了动态可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

A review of enhanced and emerging contaminant removal by modified membranes: Advanced materials, mechanisms, and performance optimization 改性膜增强和新兴污染物去除技术综述：先进材料、机理和性能优化

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108553

Durga Chandrashekhar , Muhammad Tawalbeh , Amani Al-Othman , Fares Almomani

With increasing industrial activity, multiple emerging contaminants, ranging from organic compounds like pharmaceuticals to inorganic compounds like heavy metals, are present in different water sources. However, many of the current water/wastewater treatment facilities struggle to completely remove these contaminants, leading to their leaching into the environment. This review examines literature surrounding novel membrane technology as a potential solution to mitigate these contaminants, including a study of the advanced materials and their associated mechanisms. While size exclusion membranes are some of the most commonly found, especially in pilot/full-scale studies and across literature, novel materials like MOFs and hybrid structures have become increasingly prevalent, relying on other mechanisms like adsorption. In addition to the discussion of such advanced membranes, this review proposes methods for optimizing membrane performance, focusing on the selectivity-permeability paradox and membrane fouling among other factors. These factors play a key role in upscaling these membranes, and this review concludes with a discussion of future research directions to truly commercialize membrane technology for enhanced water treatment. This review concludes that, from a social perspective, membrane technologies appear to be the most effective and affordable. They are part of the next step towards the 6th UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG-6), especially when coupled with advanced functional materials.

随着工业活动的增加，多种新出现的污染物，从药物等有机化合物到重金属等无机化合物，都存在于不同的水源中。然而，目前许多水/废水处理设施难以完全去除这些污染物，导致它们渗入环境。本文综述了有关新型膜技术作为减轻这些污染物的潜在解决方案的文献，包括对先进材料及其相关机制的研究。虽然尺寸排除膜是最常见的，特别是在试点/全面研究和文献中，但新型材料，如mof和混合结构，依赖于吸附等其他机制，已经变得越来越普遍。除了对这些先进膜的讨论，本文还提出了优化膜性能的方法，重点关注选择性-渗透性悖论和膜污染等因素。这些因素对膜强化水处理技术的规模化发展起着关键作用，并对膜强化水处理技术实现商业化的未来研究方向进行了展望。本文的结论是，从社会的角度来看，膜技术似乎是最有效和负担得起的。它们是实现联合国第六个可持续发展目标（SDG-6）下一步的一部分，特别是与先进的功能材料相结合时。

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引用次数: 0

Role of titanium dioxide in attenuating enrofloxacin adsorption on hypercrosslinked polymers: Implications for strategies to reduce adsorption efficiency loss 二氧化钛在降低恩诺沙星在高交联聚合物上吸附中的作用：降低吸附效率损失策略的意义

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108559

Zhiyong Guo , Yuanhui Bai , Lu Wang , Xin Lyu , Liwen Zhang , Yakun Wang , Dianjia Liu

Hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs), a class of nanoporous materials with broad practical and potential application value, have been explored for the adsorption of organic micropollutants from wastewater. However, the influence of metal nanoparticles, which are commonly present in wastewater, on the adsorption performance of HCPs remains unclear. In this study, statistical physical modeling was employed to investigate the inhibitory effect of TiO₂ on the adsorption of enrofloxacin (ENR) on HCPs. Results demonstrated that the TiO₂ reduced the adsorption capacity of HCPs for ENR by up to 20.3 %. Mechanistic analysis revealed that TiO₂ inhibited ENR uptake by suppressing pore filling, π–π interactions, and hydrogen bonding. To mitigate this loss in adsorption efficiency, we propose three strategic measures, including optimization of HCP design, regulation of system pH, and pre-removal of metal nanoparticles. Our findings provide valuable insights into the impact of metal nanoparticles on the performance of emerging adsorbents, thereby contributing to the optimization of wastewater treatment processes targeting organic micropollutants.

超交联聚合物（HCPs）作为一类具有广泛实用性和潜在应用价值的纳米多孔材料，在吸附废水中的有机微污染物方面得到了广泛的研究。然而，废水中普遍存在的金属纳米颗粒对HCPs吸附性能的影响尚不清楚。本研究采用统计物理模型研究TiO2对恩诺沙星（ENR）在HCPs上吸附的抑制作用。结果表明，TiO2使HCPs对ENR的吸附量降低了20.3% %。机制分析表明TiO2通过抑制孔隙填充、π -π相互作用和氢键作用抑制ENR的摄取。为了减轻这种吸附效率的损失，我们提出了三个策略措施，包括优化HCP设计，调节系统pH和预去除金属纳米颗粒。我们的研究结果为金属纳米颗粒对新兴吸附剂性能的影响提供了有价值的见解，从而有助于优化针对有机微污染物的废水处理工艺。

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引用次数: 0

Study on ball milling driven solvent extraction – Ozone oxidation decolorization of waste printed polyester fabrics 球磨驱动溶剂萃取-臭氧氧化脱色废印花涤纶织物的研究

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108545

Xiao Li , Chengyong Gao , Wansi Li , Sheng Shi , Enbin Zhu , Meiling Zhang , Shuhua Wang

To address the problem that dyes are difficult to be efficiently removed during the recycling process of used printed polyester fabrics, this study proposes a decolorization technology driven by ball milling and solvent extraction combined with ozone oxidation. N,N-dimethylacetamide was selected as the decolorizing agent. Combining the ball milling effect, it promotes the swelling of the amorphous region of polyester fibers, triggering structural slack, thereby enhancing the migration and extraction effect of the decolorizer on the dye. Under optimized process conditions (600 rpm, solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:14, and 5 h), a decolorization rate of 89.63 % and a whiteness value of 61.4 were achieved. Subsequently, ozone treatment under conditions of pH 7, 70°C, and 100 % concentration for 3 h was implemented to deeply remove the residual dye, ultimately improving the decolorization rate to 96.22 % and achieving a whiteness value of 69.7. Characterization results indicated that this process did not damage the crystalline structure of the polyester fibers, while also enabling the cyclic reuse of DMAc and dye, with the recovered dyed fabric attaining a color fastness level of 4. This method enables efficient and clean recycling of waste polyester fabrics through its mild conditions, green process, and potential for product upcycling.

针对废旧印花涤纶织物在回收过程中染料难以有效去除的问题，本研究提出了一种球磨-溶剂萃取结合臭氧氧化的脱色技术。选择N，N-二甲基乙酰胺作为脱色剂。结合球磨效应，促进聚酯纤维无定形区膨胀，引发结构松弛，从而增强脱色剂对染料的迁移和萃取效果。在优化的工艺条件下（600 rpm，料液比1:14,5 h），脱色率为89.63 %，白度值为61.4。随后，在pH为7、70℃、浓度为100 %的条件下进行臭氧处理3 h，深度去除残留染料，最终脱色率提高到96.22 %，白度值达到69.7。表征结果表明，该工艺没有破坏聚酯纤维的结晶结构，同时使DMAc和染料循环再利用，回收的染色织物色牢度达到4级。这种方法通过其温和的条件、绿色的工艺和产品升级回收的潜力，使废弃聚酯织物能够高效、清洁地回收。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanistic pathways and influencing factors in the liquefaction of single and mixed plastics toward waste-to-energy conversion: A structured and critical review 单塑料和混合塑料液化的机制途径和影响因素：结构和关键综述

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108542

Arvin Ayazi, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud, Muhamad Fazly Abdul Patah, Zulhelmi Amir, Arash Javanmard

Hydrothermal plastic liquefaction is recognized as a promising approach for the conversion of waste polymers to fuels and high-value chemicals. Despite recent advancements, an in-depth understanding of governing mechanisms continues to encounter fundamental challenges. This review systematically explores 599 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 and provides a structured and critical analysis of single-component, multi-layer and mixture of polymers including municipal solid waste from a mechanistic perspective. This study also explores the combined influence of polymer and reactor types, process operating conditions, solvent categories and the role of water in different thermodynamic states. The findings from this review demonstrate that differences in feedstocks, equipment, and reaction conditions impede the formulation of a scientifically reliable mechanism. Despite these insights, critical gaps persist in understanding the governing reaction pathways for polymer mixtures, solvent polarity effects, polymer decomposition thermal behavior modeling, synergistic or antagonistic effects of multi-layer polymers and deep learning for tuning kinetic model parameters. This article is useful for kinetic modeling and serves as an important source for researchers who work on thermochemical conversion. In addition to theoretical contributions, these findings have practical applications by supporting the process intensification and scale-up of HTL technology for industrial plastic waste valorization.

水热塑料液化被认为是将废弃聚合物转化为燃料和高价值化学品的一种有前途的方法。尽管最近取得了一些进展，但对治理机制的深入理解仍然面临着根本性的挑战。本综述系统地探讨了2015年至2025年间发表的599篇同行评审文章，并从机械角度对包括城市固体废物在内的单组分、多层和混合聚合物进行了结构化和批判性的分析。本研究还探讨了聚合物和反应器类型、工艺操作条件、溶剂种类以及水在不同热力学状态下的作用的综合影响。本综述的研究结果表明，原料、设备和反应条件的差异阻碍了科学可靠机制的制定。尽管有了这些见解，但在了解聚合物混合物的控制反应途径、溶剂极性效应、聚合物分解热行为建模、多层聚合物的协同或拮抗效应以及调整动力学模型参数的深度学习方面仍然存在关键空白。这篇文章有助于动力学建模，并为从事热化学转化研究的人员提供重要资料。除了理论贡献外，这些发现还具有实际应用价值，支持HTL技术在工业塑料废物增值中的过程强化和规模扩大。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation method for explosion resistance of oil-immersed power equipment tanks under internal arcing faults 内电弧故障下油浸式电力设备储罐防爆性能评价方法

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108515

Xiang Wang , Yuxin He , Ke Wang , Lijun Yang , Yuan Yuan , Yikun Zhao , Zongliang Zhang , Jiaxi Li , Chen Chen

To enhance the explosion-proof performance of power transformers and support structural assessment of transformer tanks, a bidirectional fluid-structure interaction numerical method is proposed. This approach predicts gas generation from oil pyrolysis, pressure wave propagation, and the dynamic response of the tank structure induced by internal arcing faults. By incorporating the pyrolysis kinetics of insulating oil, two-phase multi-component continuity equations are established based on the conservation of mass to capture the complete evolution of the insulating oil, ranging from heterogeneous pyrolysis, defined as the evaporative phase transition and initial pyrolysis, to gas-phase homogeneous deep pyrolysis. Based on charge conservation, arc energy is incorporated into the energy equation as a volumetric heat source that drives oil pyrolysis. Furthermore, the dynamic behavior of the pressure relief valve is modeled using a porous media approach by adding a resistance source term to the momentum equation. Model accuracy is verified on a split-type tank arc platform by two tests with energies of 0.65 MJ and 1.28 MJ in the tap-changer oil compartment. The simulation results agree well with the test data in the pressure and stress time histories and accurately reproduce the pressure impact, bubble pulsation and venting. The maximum relative errors for peak pressure and stress were 9.65 % and 26.97 %, respectively, with a mass conservation error within 1.14 %. This work offers an effective tool for elucidating gas generation and pressure propagation mechanisms, providing a quantitative basis for the explosion-resistant design and safety assessment of transformer tanks.

为了提高电力变压器的防爆性能，支持变压器储罐的结构评估，提出了一种双向流固耦合数值方法。该方法预测了石油热解产气、压力波传播以及内部电弧断层引起的储层结构动力响应。结合保温油的热解动力学，基于质量守恒建立两相多分量连续方程，捕捉保温油从非均相热解（定义为蒸发相变和初始热解）到气相均相深度热解的完整演化过程。基于电荷守恒，将电弧能量作为驱动油热解的体积热源纳入能量方程。此外，通过在动量方程中加入阻力源项，采用多孔介质方法模拟了减压阀的动态特性。在分接开关油室进行了能量为0.65 MJ和1.28 MJ的两次试验，验证了模型的准确性。模拟结果与压力和应力时程试验数据吻合较好，准确再现了压力冲击、气泡脉动和排气过程。峰值压力和应力的最大相对误差分别为9.65 %和26.97 %，质量守恒误差在1.14 %以内。该工作为阐明气体产生和压力传播机理提供了有效工具，为变压器储罐的防爆设计和安全评价提供了定量依据。

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引用次数: 0

Accelerated under-deposit corrosion of X65 steel driven by a vicious microbe-deposit cycle 微生物-沉积物恶性循环导致X65钢沉积下腐蚀加速

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108581

Yu Wang , Fei Wu , Hang Zhang , Zhenyu Ouyang , Yuhua Su , Hailiang Yin , Fanwei Meng , Qiyou Liu

The synergistic effect between microbial-induced corrosion (MIC) and under-deposit corrosion (UDC) presents a significant threat to the integrity of oil pipelines. This study investigates the corrosion behavior of X65 carbon steel under the influence of living microorganisms within pipeline deposits. The experiment was divided into three groups: unsterilized deposit group, sterilized deposit group, and control group. A combination of high-throughput sequencing, quantitative PCR, weight loss measurements, electrochemical tests, and surface characterization revealed that viable microorganisms drastically exacerbate UDC. Live microorganisms significantly enhanced the corrosion rate and maximum pitting depth by approximately 4.1 and 12.8 times, respectively, compared to the sterilized deposit group. Analysis of the microbial community revealed a successional shift, with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), predominantly the genus Desulfovibrio, displacing nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) as the dominant population. The metabolic activity of SRB led to the formation of corrosive FeS and a porous, non-protective corrosion product film, which reduced film resistance (R_f) and accelerated metal dissolution. These findings indicate deposits in oil pipelines exacerbate localized corrosion by promoting the colonization and enrichment of corrosion-promoting microorganisms such as SRBs. Their metabolic products, combined with the resulting corrosion byproducts, further increase the overall burden of the deposits, creating a vicious cycle.

微生物腐蚀（MIC）和沉积下腐蚀（UDC）之间的协同效应对输油管道的完整性构成了重大威胁。本文研究了管道沉积物中活微生物对X65碳钢腐蚀行为的影响。试验分为3组：未灭菌菌组、灭菌菌组和对照组。高通量测序、定量PCR、失重测量、电化学测试和表面表征的结合表明，活菌急剧加剧了UDC。与灭菌菌组相比，活菌组的腐蚀速率和最大点蚀深度分别提高了约4.1倍和12.8倍。微生物群落分析显示，硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）以Desulfovibrio属为主，取代硝酸盐还原菌（NRB）成为优势菌群。SRB的代谢活性导致腐蚀性FeS和多孔的无保护性腐蚀产物膜的形成，降低了膜电阻（Rf），加速了金属的溶解。这些发现表明，石油管道中的沉积物通过促进腐蚀促进微生物（如srb）的定植和富集而加剧了局部腐蚀。它们的代谢产物，加上由此产生的腐蚀副产物，进一步增加了沉积物的总体负担，形成了一个恶性循环。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient purification of crude lead to prevent lead loss based on Pb-Cu interface properties and phase separation under supergravity field 超重力场下基于Pb-Cu界面特性和相分离的粗铅高效净化防止铅损失

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108584

Xiang Li , Jintao Gao , Xi Lan , Anjun Shi , Zhancheng Guo

Crude lead is a hazardous material containing large amounts of heavy metals. However, due to the outdated equipment of copper removal process, resulting in a large lead loss. In this study, a new method for efficient purification of crude lead to prevent lead loss based on Pb-Cu interface properties and phase separation under supergravity field was proposed. The effect of Cu content in crude lead on the temperature range for Cu phase precipitation was investigated, revealing that as the Cu content increased from 0.5 to 4 wt%, the precipitation temperature range of the Cu phase expanded from 400–330 ℃ to 800–330 ℃. Then, the highly efficient purification of crude lead was all accomplished under 330 ℃ by supergravity separation and the Cu contents were lowered to 0.0718 wt% in the Pb liquid and the Cu phase removal rate reached over 99.9 %. In order to reduce the lead loss, the Pb-Cu interface properties and separation process model were investigated, which showed that increasing the temperature in supergravity field could reduce the height of Pb liquid on the surface of the Cu phase. Finally, the Pb-Cu separation behavior was researched, revealing a quantitative relationship between lead loss and Cu content in crude lead and separation temperature. Base on the above results, corresponding copper removal process routes were designed for crude lead with different Cu contents.

粗铅是一种含有大量重金属的有害物质。但由于除铜工艺设备落后，导致铅损较大。本研究提出了一种基于超重力场作用下铅-铜界面特性和相分离的高效纯化粗铅以防止铅损失的新方法。研究了粗铅中Cu含量对Cu相析出温度范围的影响，结果表明，随着Cu含量从0.5 wt增加到4wt；%时，Cu相的析出温度范围由400 ~ 330℃扩大到800 ~ 330℃。在330℃条件下，采用超重力分离技术对粗铅进行了高效提纯，铜含量降至0.0718wt。%， Cu相去除率达99.9%以上。为了降低铅的损失，研究了Pb-Cu的界面性质和分离过程模型，结果表明，在超重力场中提高温度可以降低Cu相表面Pb液的高度。最后对铅铜分离行为进行了研究，揭示了铅损失、粗铅中Cu含量与分离温度之间的定量关系。在此基础上，对不同铜含量的粗铅设计了相应的除铜工艺路线。

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引用次数: 0