Process Safety and Environmental Protection最新文献

英文中文

Prediction of overpressure from hydrogen cloud explosions: A study from open space to hydrogen refueling and filling station scenarios 氢云爆炸的超压预测：从开放空间到加氢和加氢站场景的研究

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108444

Qiuhong Wang , Bin Peng , Jun Deng , Wei Gao , Jianyi Chen , Hongxiang Wan , Mingshu Bi , Ran Liu , Chaoyuan Hu

The safe deployment of hydrogen infrastructure, such as hydrogen refueling stations and charging stations, requires a deep understanding of explosion risks in complex geometric structures. Although the basic explosion characteristics are known, their specific manifestations in real, obstructed environments require more quantification. These effects were experimentally investigated by constructing an open space, hydrogen refueling station, and charging station scenario using hydrogen cloud explosion experimental platform with a volume of 27 m³ . Using high-speed cameras and pressure sensors, flame propagation and overpressure distribution under different hydrogen equivalence ratios (Φ=0.5, 1.0, 2.5) and ignition heights (0.6 m at the bottom, 1.5 m in the middle) were analyzed. The results showed that both flame propagation velocity and overpressure are affected by ignition height. In open space, the average upward flame speed from a higher ignition point is slightly slower than from a lower one. Compared with open-space mid-level ignition, the presence of a hydrogen refueling/filling station model increases the flame propagation velocity at the same ignition height. The station models have a dual effect on overpressure. With bottom ignition, initial flame occurring below the canopy, the hydrogen cloud film ruptures early, reducing available hydrogen for reaction. Additionally, the rear pressure measurement point is shielded by explosion-proof walls of hydrogen refueling station model and the control room of hydrogen filling station model, leading to lower overpressure compared to open-space ignition. Under mid-level ignition, the initial flame develops near the canopy, where early turbulence from the structure accelerates combustion. In this layout, explosion-proof walls and station structures further promote turbulent combustion, significantly increasing overpressure relative to the open-space case. Based on the analysis, a prediction model for the peak overpressure of hydrogen cloud explosions was developed by incorporating the blockage ratio (φ) and the flame acceleration index (α) across different scenarios. The overpressure peak prediction model shows high accuracy in both open space and hydrogen refueling/filling station scenarios. This study provides key experimental data and predictive tools for the safe design and risk assessment of hydrogen stations.

氢基础设施的安全部署，如加氢站和充电站，需要对复杂几何结构的爆炸风险有深刻的认识。虽然基本的爆炸特性是已知的，但它们在真实的、受阻的环境中的具体表现需要更多的量化。利用体积为27 m³ 的氢云爆炸实验平台，构建开放空间、加氢站和充电站场景，对这些影响进行了实验研究。利用高速摄像机和压力传感器，分析了不同氢当量比（Φ=0.5, 1.0, 2.5）和点火高度（底部0.6 m，中部1.5 m）下火焰的传播和超压分布。结果表明，点火高度对火焰的传播速度和超压均有影响。在开放空间中，从较高的着火点向上的平均火焰速度略慢于从较低的着火点向上的平均火焰速度。与开放空间中层点火相比，加氢站模型的存在提高了相同点火高度下火焰的传播速度。台站模型对超压有双重影响。底部点火时，初始火焰发生在伞盖下方，氢云膜破裂较早，可用于反应的氢减少。另外，加氢站模型和加氢站模型控制室的后压力测量点采用了隔爆墙进行屏蔽，与开式点火相比，超压较低。在中等点火水平下，最初的火焰在冠层附近发展，在那里来自结构的早期湍流加速了燃烧。在这种布局中，防爆墙和站结构进一步促进了湍流燃烧，相对于开放空间的情况，超压显著增加。在此基础上，结合阻塞比（φ）和火焰加速指数（α），建立了不同场景下氢云爆炸峰值超压的预测模型。该模型在开放空间和加氢站场景下均具有较高的超压峰值预测精度。本研究为加氢站的安全设计和风险评估提供了关键的实验数据和预测工具。

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引用次数: 0

A sample distribution enhanced variational autoencoder-generative adversarial network for process monitoring of nonlinear uncertain systems 非线性不确定系统过程监控的样本分布增强变分自编码器生成对抗网络

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108443

Xi Tu, Yue Tang, Xuefeng Yan

Measurement uncertainty is pervasive in chemical processes due to sensor aging and environmental fluctuations such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and flow rate，causing observed variables to fluctuate within bounded intervals around their true values. Such uncertainty distorts the sample data distribution encountered by data-driven monitoring models and degrades detection performance. We propose a Hierarchical Clustering Prototype–Variational Autoencoder Generative Adversarial Network (HCP-VAEGAN) for process monitoring under uncertain measurements. First, hierarchical clustering extracts representative prototypes from uncertain samples to construct upper- and lower-bound refined datasets that more uniformly cover critical uncertainty regions. Second, two parallel VAE-GAN models are trained on the respective refined datasets; for each model we compute the Hotelling’s T² statistic and set control limits via kernel density estimation (KDE) over prototype-based statistics. Finally, the two models are utilized jointly for online monitoring. Experiments on a numerical simulation, the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process, and a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) demonstrate that the proposed algorithm shows significant effectiveness and advantages for monitoring uncertain processes. Its superior performance stems from its ability to effectively optimize the modeling sample distribution, which enhances the identification of uncertainty boundaries and allows it to outperform other advanced baselines.

由于传感器老化和环境波动（如温度、湿度、压力和流量），测量不确定性在化学过程中普遍存在，导致观察到的变量在其真实值周围的有限区间内波动。这种不确定性扭曲了数据驱动监测模型所遇到的样本数据分布，降低了检测性能。提出了一种层次聚类原型变分自编码器生成对抗网络（HCP-VAEGAN）用于不确定测量下的过程监控。首先，分层聚类从不确定样本中提取有代表性的原型，构建更均匀覆盖关键不确定区域的上界和下界精细数据集。其次，在各自的精细化数据集上训练两个并行的vee - gan模型；对于每个模型，我们计算Hotelling’s T²统计量，并通过核密度估计（KDE）对基于原型的统计量设置控制限制。最后，将两种模型结合起来进行在线监测。数值模拟、田纳西伊士曼过程（TE）和污水处理厂（WWTP）的实验表明，该算法在监测不确定过程方面具有显著的有效性和优势。其优越的性能源于其有效优化建模样本分布的能力，增强了不确定性边界的识别，使其优于其他先进的基线。

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引用次数: 0

Study on Plasma-Activated Supersonic Water Fog Atomization and Dust Suppression Performance 等离子体激活超音速水雾雾化抑尘性能研究

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108404

Mu Xinsheng, Ge Shaocheng, Zhang Tian, Jing Deji, Liu Shuo, Sun Liying, Pang Xingyu

引用次数: 0

Enhanced Esterification of Waste Fish Oil Using Microchannel Reactors with Curved Micromixer Integration 弯曲微混合器集成微通道反应器强化废鱼油酯化反应

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108438

Milad Veisi, Mohammad Amin Sobati, Salman movahedirad

引用次数: 0

Phase-transition-driven dispersion dynamics in liquid ammonia pipeline leakages: A numerical simulation 液氨管道泄漏相变驱动弥散动力学：数值模拟

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108432

Donghao Yang, Caigong Zhang, Yu Pang, Fang Rao, Chao Chen

引用次数: 0

Experimental study on the inhibition of methane explosion by NH4H2PO4/ modified illite composite powder NH4H2PO4/改性伊利石复合粉体抑制甲烷爆炸的实验研究

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108433

Ke Yang , Jing Liu , Lekai Li , Hong Ji , Zhixiang Xing , Juncheng Jiang

Methane accidental explosion accidents not only pose a serious threat to the safety of industrial processes, but also cause severe environmental pollution due to excessive carbon emissions and the greenhouse effect. Therefore, in this paper, through a self-built experimental platform, using 9.5 % methane as the explosive gas, the effects of different mass concentrations of illite, NH₄H₂PO₄, modified illite, and NH₄H₂PO₄/ modified illite composite powder on methane explosion pressure, flame propagation shape, and flame propagation speed were studied. The thermal stability and surface microstructure of the composite powder were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elucidating the explosion suppression mechanism. Through various data comparisons, all four powders have the effect of suppressing methane explosions. Among them, the addition of 50 wt%NH₄H₂PO₄/modified illite composite powder with a mass concentration of 0.16 g/L has the best explosion suppression effect. At a spray mass concentration of 0.16 g/L, compared to pure methane, Pmax and (dP/dt)max decreased by 53.1 % and 84.7 % respectively. The time to reach Pmax increased by 271.4 %, the flame extinction time reached 519 ms, representing a 265.49 % increase, while the maximum flame propagation velocity decreased by 61 %. The addition of NH₄H₂PO₄/ modified illite composite powder hinders the spread of flames, interrupting the chain reaction of methane explosion through chemical and physical explosion suppression, thereby achieving the effect of methane explosion suppression.

甲烷意外爆炸事故不仅严重威胁工业生产过程的安全，而且由于过量的碳排放和温室效应造成严重的环境污染。因此，本文通过自建实验平台，以9.5 %甲烷为爆炸气体，研究了不同质量浓度的伊利石、NH4H2PO4、改性伊利石、NH4H2PO4/改性伊利石复合粉体对甲烷爆炸压力、火焰传播形态、火焰传播速度的影响。采用热重分析（TGA）、x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）等分析了复合粉体的热稳定性和表面微观结构，阐明了复合粉体的抑爆机理。通过各种数据对比，四种粉末均具有抑制甲烷爆炸的效果。其中，添加质量浓度为0.16 g/L的50 wt%NH4H2PO4/改性伊利石复合粉的抑爆效果最好。当喷雾质量浓度为0.16 g/L时，与纯甲烷相比，Pmax和（dP/dt）max分别降低了53.1 %和84.7 %。达到Pmax的时间增加了271.4 %，火焰熄灭时间达到519 ms，增加了265.49 %，而火焰的最大传播速度减少了61 %。NH4H2PO4/改性伊利石复合粉体的加入，通过化学和物理抑爆，阻碍了火焰的蔓延，中断了甲烷爆炸的连锁反应，从而达到抑爆甲烷的效果。

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引用次数: 0

Hydroxyl-rich g-C3N4 supported copper-cobalt oxide nano-fenton-like catalyst for aromatic pollution removal from aqueous solutions 富羟基g-C3N4负载的铜钴氧化物纳米fenton-like催化剂去除水溶液中的芳香族污染

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108434

Yu Xue , Bin Zhou , Yuanfeng Chen , Junjie Wang , Liu Yang , Qian Zhou , Weiguang Lan , Shengqiong Fang

A hydroxylated g-C₃N₄-supported nano-copper-cobalt oxide catalyst (Cu₆Co₄-CN-0.5) was prepared via a hydrothermal method. Distinct from conventional catalysts, this work explicitly highlights a unique electronic modulation mechanism driven by the incorporation of cobalt. The introduction of cobalt induces a robust surface electronic polarization, creating pronounced C(π) electron-deficient regions on the substrate and metal electron-rich regions on the oxide surface. This charge redistribution establishes highly efficient "Dual-Reaction-Centers" (DRCs): the electron-deficient regions facilitate the targeted adsorption of pollutants via π-π interactions, while the electron-rich centers significantly accelerate H₂O₂ activation to generate •OH. Benefiting from this Co-induced polarization and the resulting DRC synergistic mechanism, the Cu₆Co₄-CN-0.5 Fenton-like system achieved over 98.4 % removal of aromatic compounds within 60 min under neutral conditions and maintained a ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal rate above 94.6 % across a wide pH range (3–9). Furthermore, the catalyst exhibited superior total organic carbon (TOC) removal (68.6 %) and exceptionally high H₂O₂ utilization efficiency (64.1 %), effectively overcoming the efficiency bottlenecks (typically 10 %–60 %) of traditional heterogeneous Fenton catalysts. Characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the incorporation of cobalt is the innovation responsible for the enhanced catalytic performance and environmental adaptability.

采用水热法制备了羟基化g-C₃N₄负载型纳米铜钴氧化物催化剂（Cu6Co4-CN-0.5）。与传统催化剂不同，这项工作明确强调了由钴的掺入驱动的独特电子调制机制。钴的引入诱导了一个强大的表面电子极化，在衬底上产生明显的C（π）缺电子区，在氧化物表面产生金属富电子区。这种电荷重新分配建立了高效的“双反应中心”（drc）：缺电子区域通过π-π相互作用促进污染物的靶向吸附，而富电子中心显著加速H₂O₂活化生成•OH。得益于这种共诱导极化及其产生的DRC协同机制，Cu6Co4-CN-0.5 fenton类体系在中性条件下在60 min内对芳香族化合物的去除率超过98.4% %，并在较宽的pH范围内保持环丙沙星（CIP）的去除率超过94.6 %（3-9）。此外，催化剂表现出优异的总有机碳（TOC）去除率（68.6% %）和极高的H2O2利用率（64.1 %），有效克服了传统多相Fenton催化剂的效率瓶颈（通常为10 % ~ 60 %）。表征和密度泛函理论（DFT）计算证实，钴的加入是催化性能和环境适应性增强的创新原因。

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引用次数: 0

Bacterial community succession and gene function response in electroactive biofilm for enhanced thiamphenicol degradation under hydrogen evolution reaction potential 析氢反应电位下电活性生物膜细菌群落演替及基因功能响应

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108430

Junfeng Chen , Xinyi Zhang , Jiahui Sun , Yun Tian , Chunyu Wang , Liyuan Wang , Feng Lan , Yuchen Cao

In previous research, ZIF-67@MoS₂ with a rhombic dodecahedral structure and CoFe-LDH@Ni-MOF with irregular lamellar aggregates were prepared. As cathode catalysts in microbial electrochemical systems, they exhibited excellent oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution performance. The hydrogen evolution potential was applied to each respective catalyst system, and the thiamphenicol (TAP) degradation efficiency was investigated. Within the electroactive biofilm coupled with the CoFe-LDH@Ni-MOF system, TAP was reduced from an initial concentration of 9.31 mg/L to 0.55 mg/L within 2 d, while 3 d were required for completion in the system coupled with ZIF-67@ MoS₂. At the genus level, the electroactive biofilm coupled with the CoFe-LDH@Ni-MOF system was dominated by the fermentative heterotroph Leptolinea (12.79 %), whereas Petrimonas, a hydrogen-producing bacterium, was dominant (14.30 %) in the ZIF-67@ MoS₂. Both types of modified cathodes upregulated the expression of exogenous metabolic genes, activated pollutant degradation pathways, reduced intracellular antibiotic accumulation, and enhanced microbial adaptability to the TAP. The hydrogen evolution potential, electroactive biofilm and catalyst synergistically enhanced the thiamphenicol degradation efficiency. They collectively constituted a TAP remediation system where biodegradation was the core, electrochemistry and catalytic chemistry were employed as efficient auxiliary components, and which was characterized by high efficiency and stability.

在以往的研究中，制备了具有菱形十二面体结构的ZIF-67@MoS2和具有不规则层状聚集体的CoFe-LDH@Ni-MOF。作为微生物电化学系统的阴极催化剂，它们表现出优异的氧还原和析氢性能。将析氢电位应用于各催化剂体系，考察了硫霉素（TAP）的降解效率。在与CoFe-LDH@Ni-MOF系统耦合的电活性生物膜中，TAP在2天内从初始浓度9.31 mg/L降至0.55 mg/L，而在与ZIF-67@ MoS2耦合的系统中则需要3天才能完成。在属水平上，与CoFe-LDH@Ni-MOF系统偶联的电活性生物膜以发酵异养菌Leptolinea（12.79 %）为主，而产氢菌petronas在ZIF-67@ MoS2中占主导地位（14.30 %）。两种修饰的阴极都上调了外源代谢基因的表达，激活了污染物降解途径，减少了细胞内抗生素的积累，增强了微生物对TAP的适应性。析氢电位、电活性生物膜和催化剂协同作用提高了硫霉素的降解效率。它们共同构成了以生物降解为核心，电化学和催化化学为高效辅助成分的TAP修复体系，具有高效、稳定的特点。

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引用次数: 0

High sensitive and simultaneous determination of chlortetracycline hydrochloride and tetracycline hydrochloride residues in water using zero-crossing first derivative synchronous fluorescence spectrometry 零交叉一阶导数同步荧光光谱法同时测定水中盐酸氯四环素和盐酸氯四环素残留量

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108431

Qihong Cai, Xiaodan Zheng, Sujun Fang, Qifeng Zou, Hang Zhu, Zhima Yangcuo, Yajuan Zhang, Yong Lin, Chunyan Lian, Shiqi Zhang

引用次数: 0

Imprinting silica membranes with perpendicular mesochannels by monomicelle oriented assembly for selective adsorption of iodide ions 垂直介孔二氧化硅膜的单束定向组装选择性吸附碘离子

IF 7.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2026.108425

Xiaoxiao Chen, Xudong Zheng, Xi Zhang, Guomeng Li, Jingbo Sun, Lin Guo, Jinfeng Mei, Zhongyu Li

Radioactive iodine represents a significant environmental concern due to its high mobility and ease of uptake. Therefore, selectively capturing iodine is a crucial aspect of ensuring environmental safety and maintaining water sustainability. This study presents a dual-template-directed imprinting strategy, successfully fabricating a mesoporous imprinted silica membrane (ISM) with vertically aligned mesochannels. The key innovation lies in the cooperative structure-directing role of the CTAB-silica self-assembly system through its interaction with the imprinting templates: the CTAB self-assembly generates vertically oriented mesoporous channels, while the ion-imprinting process precisely constructs specific recognition sites on the channel surfaces. This imprinted self-assembly ultimately yields a highly ordered cylindrical pore architecture. The vertical mesochannel structure enhances both adsorption capacity and kinetics, provides theoretically efficient mass transport, and, combined with the unique surface-imprinted structure, significantly improves the selective adsorption efficiency for iodide ions. The synergy between the vertical mesostructure and the surface imprinting sites ensures the structural integrity of the material and enables rapid, high-capacity, and highly selective adsorption of iodide ions. The ISM-3 membrane demonstrates excellent adsorption kinetics, stability, and selectivity in mixed solutions, showing outstanding application potential for the efficient capture of radioactive iodine in nuclear wastewater.

放射性碘因其高流动性和易吸收而引起严重的环境问题。因此，选择性地捕获碘是确保环境安全和维持水可持续性的关键方面。本研究提出了一种双模板定向印迹策略，成功制备了具有垂直排列介孔通道的介孔印迹二氧化硅膜（ISM）。关键的创新在于CTAB-二氧化硅自组装体系通过与印迹模板的相互作用而具有协同结构导向作用：CTAB自组装产生垂直定向的介孔通道，而离子印迹过程则精确地在通道表面构建特定的识别位点。这种印迹自组装最终产生高度有序的圆柱形孔隙结构。垂直介孔结构提高了吸附能力和动力学，提供了理论上有效的质量传递，并且结合独特的表面印迹结构，显著提高了碘离子的选择性吸附效率。垂直介观结构和表面印迹位点之间的协同作用确保了材料的结构完整性，并使碘离子的快速、高容量和高选择性吸附成为可能。ISM-3膜在混合溶液中表现出良好的吸附动力学、稳定性和选择性，在高效捕获核废水中的放射性碘方面具有突出的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

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