Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/pcp.20200410093053
T. Charernboon
Background: Cognitive deficit is common and considered as the core feature of both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and schizophrenia. However, only a few studies have directly compared cognitive profiles of these two conditions. The objective of the study was to compare the cognitive profiles of patients with schizophrenia to those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Participants consisted of three groups; 42 normal controls, 42 patients with schizophrenia and 42 people with MCI. They were matched 1:1:1 with comparable educational levels. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Addenbrookes Cognitive Examination III. Results: Recall memory and naming subdomains were significantly lower in the MCI group as compared to patients with schizophrenia, but did not differ on attention, verbal fluency, clock drawing test, language and visuospatial ability. Logistic regression and diagnostic prediction model demonstrated that the MCI group is best differentiated from the schizophrenia group using recall memory and naming scores. Conclusions: The cognitive profiles in patients with schizophrenia and MCI are different. In this study, naming and recall memory were less impaired in patients with schizophrenia than in people with MCI. The results of this study might provide some clues for clinicians on how to distinguish between
{"title":"Differentiating The Cognitive Impairment of Clinically Stable Schizophrenia from Mild Cognitive Impairment","authors":"T. Charernboon","doi":"10.5455/pcp.20200410093053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pcp.20200410093053","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cognitive deficit is common and considered as the core feature of both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and schizophrenia. However, only a few studies have directly compared cognitive profiles of these two conditions. The objective of the study was to compare the cognitive profiles of patients with schizophrenia to those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Participants consisted of three groups; 42 normal controls, 42 patients with schizophrenia and 42 people with MCI. They were matched 1:1:1 with comparable educational levels. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Addenbrookes Cognitive Examination III. Results: Recall memory and naming subdomains were significantly lower in the MCI group as compared to patients with schizophrenia, but did not differ on attention, verbal fluency, clock drawing test, language and visuospatial ability. Logistic regression and diagnostic prediction model demonstrated that the MCI group is best differentiated from the schizophrenia group using recall memory and naming scores. Conclusions: The cognitive profiles in patients with schizophrenia and MCI are different. In this study, naming and recall memory were less impaired in patients with schizophrenia than in people with MCI. The results of this study might provide some clues for clinicians on how to distinguish between","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81690759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/pcp.20200429072430
C. Evren, H. Pontes, E. Dalbudak, B. Evren, M. Topçu, N. Kutlu
PURPOSE: Previous research on gaming disorder (GD) used psychometric tools, which evaluates according to the American Psychiatric Association (APA) diagnostic framework. The Gaming Disorder Test (GDT), a standardized measure to assess symptoms and prevalence of GD according to the World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic framework. The main aim of the current study was to adapt GDT to Turkish. METHOD: In the present study participants were assessed with the GDT, the Internet Gaming Disorder ScaleShort-Form (IGDS9-SF), and the CAGE-Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (CAGE-PIUQ). The factor structure of the scale was tested with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and reliability and validity analyses were conducted. The method used in the study, and the scale adaptation, RESULTS: A sample of 932 Turkish gamers (58.3% male, mean age 23.64 years, SD=5.42) was recruited online. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the unidimensional factor structure of the GDT was satisfactory. The scale was also reliable (i.e., internally consistent with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.879) and showed adequate convergent and criterion-related validity, as indicated by statistically significant positive correlations between average time daily spent playing games (ATDSPG) during last year, IGDS9-SF and CAGE-PIUQ scores. By applying the International Classification of Diseases 11th edition (ICD-11) threshold for diagnosing GD (e.g., meeting all four criteria by answering them either with often [4] or very often [5]), it was found that the prevalence of GD is 1.9% (n = 18). CONCLUSION: Online gaming preference, ATDSPG and probable ADHD predicted the severity of disordered gaming. These findings support the Turkish version of the GDT as a valid and reliable tool for determining the extent of GD related problems among young adults and for the purposes of early GD diagnosis in clinical settings and similar research.
{"title":"Psychometric Validation of the Turkish Gaming Disorder Test: A Measure That Evaluates Disordered Gaming According to the World Health Organization Framework","authors":"C. Evren, H. Pontes, E. Dalbudak, B. Evren, M. Topçu, N. Kutlu","doi":"10.5455/pcp.20200429072430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pcp.20200429072430","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: Previous research on gaming disorder (GD) used psychometric tools, which evaluates according to the American Psychiatric Association (APA) diagnostic framework. The Gaming Disorder Test (GDT), a standardized measure to assess symptoms and prevalence of GD according to the World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic framework. The main aim of the current study was to adapt GDT to Turkish. METHOD: In the present study participants were assessed with the GDT, the Internet Gaming Disorder ScaleShort-Form (IGDS9-SF), and the CAGE-Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (CAGE-PIUQ). The factor structure of the scale was tested with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and reliability and validity analyses were conducted. The method used in the study, and the scale adaptation, RESULTS: A sample of 932 Turkish gamers (58.3% male, mean age 23.64 years, SD=5.42) was recruited online. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the unidimensional factor structure of the GDT was satisfactory. The scale was also reliable (i.e., internally consistent with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.879) and showed adequate convergent and criterion-related validity, as indicated by statistically significant positive correlations between average time daily spent playing games (ATDSPG) during last year, IGDS9-SF and CAGE-PIUQ scores. By applying the International Classification of Diseases 11th edition (ICD-11) threshold for diagnosing GD (e.g., meeting all four criteria by answering them either with often [4] or very often [5]), it was found that the prevalence of GD is 1.9% (n = 18). CONCLUSION: Online gaming preference, ATDSPG and probable ADHD predicted the severity of disordered gaming. These findings support the Turkish version of the GDT as a valid and reliable tool for determining the extent of GD related problems among young adults and for the purposes of early GD diagnosis in clinical settings and similar research.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78916062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/pcp.20201117083927
Z. Topal, I. Bahsi, A. Tufan
Background: Global scientific research output is continuously accelerating. Although psychiatric scientific output is increasing, factors such as health systems, scientific programs and financial supports that vary between countries lead to varied levels of contribution. This cross sectional bibliometric study aims to analysis the articles bibliometrically which conducted by researchers from Turkey and indexed in SCI-E index of the Web of Science (WoS)database in the category of Psychiatry. Methods: According to 2019 data, in the WoS database, journals in the Psychiatry category and indexed in the SCI-E were determined. Publications from Turkey that were published in these journals was determined. For each publication, all information relevant to the analysis was exported to Microsoft Excel and EndNote Desktop. Also, VOSviewer software was used to create a collaboration and word co-occurrence network. Results: There were 5293 publications which have at least one author from Turkey. Only 774 articles (14.62%) were written as international collaborations. The authors from Turkey were collaborating with the researchers from 66 diffrent countries and USA was leading these countries with 420 publications (%7.93), followed by England (3.3%) and Germany (2.4), respectively. The total number of citations was 53931 for these publications (mean: 10.19±22.51). The most prolific institution is Istanbul University while the most frequently selected journal by Turkish authors is Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology. Conclusion: Bibliometric studies are crucial in evaluating domain specific research and in planning for efficient use of limited resources. Psychiatric literature from Turkey greatly increased within the last two decades. However, international collaborations are still limited and most of the publications are in journals published in Turkey.
背景:全球科研产出持续加速增长。虽然精神病学的科学产出正在增加，但各国之间的卫生系统、科学规划和财政支持等因素的差异导致了不同程度的贡献。本横断面文献计量学研究的目的是对土耳其研究人员在Web of Science (WoS)数据库的SCI-E索引中收录的精神病学类文章进行文献计量学分析。方法:根据WoS数据库2019年的数据，确定SCI-E收录的精神病学类期刊。确定了土耳其在这些期刊上发表的出版物。对于每份出版物，所有与分析相关的信息都导出到Microsoft Excel和EndNote Desktop中。此外，使用VOSviewer软件创建协作和单词共现网络。结果:有1位作者来自土耳其的文献共5293篇。国际合作论文只有774篇(14.62%)。来自土耳其的作者与来自66个不同国家的研究人员合作，美国以420篇论文(%7.93)领先于这些国家，其次是英国(3.3%)和德国(2.4)。总被引次数为53931次(平均:10.19±22.51次)。最多产的机构是伊斯坦布尔大学，而土耳其作者最常选择的期刊是精神病学和临床精神药理学。结论:文献计量学研究对于评估特定领域的研究和规划有效利用有限资源至关重要。来自土耳其的精神病学文献在过去二十年中大大增加。然而，国际合作仍然有限，大多数出版物是在土耳其出版的期刊上发表的。
{"title":"Evaluation of The Psychiatric Research Output From Turkey Via Web Of Science Database: A Bibliometric Analysis","authors":"Z. Topal, I. Bahsi, A. Tufan","doi":"10.5455/pcp.20201117083927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/pcp.20201117083927","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Global scientific research output is continuously accelerating. Although psychiatric scientific output is increasing, factors such as health systems, scientific programs and financial supports that vary between countries lead to varied levels of contribution. This cross sectional bibliometric study aims to analysis the articles bibliometrically which conducted by researchers from Turkey and indexed in SCI-E index of the Web of Science (WoS)database in the category of Psychiatry. Methods: According to 2019 data, in the WoS database, journals in the Psychiatry category and indexed in the SCI-E were determined. Publications from Turkey that were published in these journals was determined. For each publication, all information relevant to the analysis was exported to Microsoft Excel and EndNote Desktop. Also, VOSviewer software was used to create a collaboration and word co-occurrence network. Results: There were 5293 publications which have at least one author from Turkey. Only 774 articles (14.62%) were written as international collaborations. The authors from Turkey were collaborating with the researchers from 66 diffrent countries and USA was leading these countries with 420 publications (%7.93), followed by England (3.3%) and Germany (2.4), respectively. The total number of citations was 53931 for these publications (mean: 10.19±22.51). The most prolific institution is Istanbul University while the most frequently selected journal by Turkish authors is Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology. Conclusion: Bibliometric studies are crucial in evaluating domain specific research and in planning for efficient use of limited resources. Psychiatric literature from Turkey greatly increased within the last two decades. However, international collaborations are still limited and most of the publications are in journals published in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82682123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1690815
Nurgul Yesilyaprak, S. Batmaz, M. Yıldız, E. Songur, Esma Akpınar Aslan
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, who were either in an acute depressive episode or in remission, and a healthy control group on their cognitions related to depression and mania/hypomania, and on their response styles. METHODS: A total of 300 participants who presented to our outpatient psychiatry department were included in the study (100 participants with unipolar depression (DG), 100 with bipolar disorder, and 100 with no previous or current psychiatric disorder (CG)). The participants completed the Cognition Checklist (CCL), the Cognition Checklist for Mania (CCL-M-R), the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CDQ), the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), the Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictions Inventory (HAPPI), the Brief Core Schemas Scale (BCSS), Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), and the Responses to Positive Affect Questionnaire (RPAQ). The groups were compared with each other by one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t-test, and chi-square tests. RESULTS: The DG scored higher than the other groups on the CCL, the frequency and intensity subscales of the CDQ, the DAS, and the negative-self and negative-others subscales of the BCSS, the RRS, and on the dampening subscale of the RPAQ. The clinical groups scored higher than the CG on the scores of the relationships subscale of the CCL-M-R, the total score of the CDQ, and the HAPPI. The CG scored higher than the clinical groups on the positive-self subscale of the BCSS, and on the emotion focused positive rumination subscale. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are important in the differential diagnosis of mood disorders, and for their treatment with cognitive behavioural psychotherapy.
摘要目的:我们旨在比较双相情感障碍和重度抑郁症患者(急性抑郁发作或缓解期)与健康对照组的抑郁和躁狂/轻躁狂相关认知及其反应方式。方法:共有300名到我们的门诊精神科就诊的参与者被纳入研究(100名患有单相抑郁症(DG)， 100名患有双相情感障碍，100名以前或现在没有精神疾病(CG))。参与者完成了认知检查表(CCL)、躁狂认知检查表(CCL- m - r)、认知扭曲问卷(CDQ)、功能失调态度量表(DAS)、轻躁态度与积极预测量表(HAPPI)、简短核心图式量表(BCSS)、反思反应量表(RRS)和积极情绪问卷(RPAQ)。各组间比较采用单因素方差分析、独立样本t检验和卡方检验。结果:DG组在CCL、CDQ的频率和强度分量表、DAS、BCSS的负性自我和负性他人分量表、RRS和RPAQ的抑制分量表上得分高于其他组。临床组在CCL-M-R关系分量表得分、CDQ总分和HAPPI得分上均高于对照组。CG组在BCSS的积极自我分量表和情绪集中的积极反刍分量表上得分高于临床组。结论:这些发现对情绪障碍的鉴别诊断和认知行为心理治疗具有重要意义。
{"title":"Automatic thoughts, cognitive distortions, dysfunctional attitudes, core beliefs, and ruminative response styles in unipolar major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder: a comparative study","authors":"Nurgul Yesilyaprak, S. Batmaz, M. Yıldız, E. Songur, Esma Akpınar Aslan","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1690815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1690815","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, who were either in an acute depressive episode or in remission, and a healthy control group on their cognitions related to depression and mania/hypomania, and on their response styles. METHODS: A total of 300 participants who presented to our outpatient psychiatry department were included in the study (100 participants with unipolar depression (DG), 100 with bipolar disorder, and 100 with no previous or current psychiatric disorder (CG)). The participants completed the Cognition Checklist (CCL), the Cognition Checklist for Mania (CCL-M-R), the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CDQ), the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), the Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictions Inventory (HAPPI), the Brief Core Schemas Scale (BCSS), Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), and the Responses to Positive Affect Questionnaire (RPAQ). The groups were compared with each other by one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t-test, and chi-square tests. RESULTS: The DG scored higher than the other groups on the CCL, the frequency and intensity subscales of the CDQ, the DAS, and the negative-self and negative-others subscales of the BCSS, the RRS, and on the dampening subscale of the RPAQ. The clinical groups scored higher than the CG on the scores of the relationships subscale of the CCL-M-R, the total score of the CDQ, and the HAPPI. The CG scored higher than the clinical groups on the positive-self subscale of the BCSS, and on the emotion focused positive rumination subscale. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are important in the differential diagnosis of mood disorders, and for their treatment with cognitive behavioural psychotherapy.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":"854 - 863"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90262589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1695994
Seon-Cheol Park, Eun-Young Jang, Kiwon Kim, Hoseon Lee, Joonho Choi, Amitava Dan, A. Hussain, A. J. Tanra, Takahiro A. Kato, K. Chee, Sih-Ku Lin, Chay-Hoon Tan, A. Javed, N. Sartorius, N. Shinfuku, Y. Park
ABSTRACT Objective: Using data from the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns for Antipsychotics (REAP-AP), our study aimed to establish the remission and severity ranges (mild, moderate, and severe) of schizophrenia on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-6 (BPRS-6). Methods: A total of 1,438 patients with schizophrenia from India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, and Taiwan were enrolled in the study. Using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, the optimal cut-off scores for the remission and severity ranges on the BPRS-6 were established. Results: The scalability of the BPRS-6 was considered to have an acceptable “unidimensionality” (coefficient of scalability = 0.43). The cut-off scores for the remission of schizophrenia and mild, moderate, and severe schizophrenia can be optimally defined as the BPRS-6 total score of <5, 5–9, 10–19 and >20, respectively. Conclusion: The BPRS-6 can be a promising, brief, and unidimensional rating scale to supplement the measurement-based care of schizophrenia.
{"title":"Establishing the cut-off scores for the severity ranges of schizophrenia on the BPRS-6 scale: findings from the REAP-AP","authors":"Seon-Cheol Park, Eun-Young Jang, Kiwon Kim, Hoseon Lee, Joonho Choi, Amitava Dan, A. Hussain, A. J. Tanra, Takahiro A. Kato, K. Chee, Sih-Ku Lin, Chay-Hoon Tan, A. Javed, N. Sartorius, N. Shinfuku, Y. Park","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1695994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1695994","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: Using data from the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns for Antipsychotics (REAP-AP), our study aimed to establish the remission and severity ranges (mild, moderate, and severe) of schizophrenia on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-6 (BPRS-6). Methods: A total of 1,438 patients with schizophrenia from India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, and Taiwan were enrolled in the study. Using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, the optimal cut-off scores for the remission and severity ranges on the BPRS-6 were established. Results: The scalability of the BPRS-6 was considered to have an acceptable “unidimensionality” (coefficient of scalability = 0.43). The cut-off scores for the remission of schizophrenia and mild, moderate, and severe schizophrenia can be optimally defined as the BPRS-6 total score of <5, 5–9, 10–19 and >20, respectively. Conclusion: The BPRS-6 can be a promising, brief, and unidimensional rating scale to supplement the measurement-based care of schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"14 1","pages":"895 - 898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88623952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1673946
Özlem Çıtak Ekici, Volkan Şahiner, G. Erzin, Davut Ocak, Ş. Şahi̇ner, E. Göka
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Opioid addiction is a disease that is increasing in our country, Turkey, and around the world, which it is difficult to treat in medical, social, and economic terms. Pregabalin is a preparation used for the treatment of epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and anxiety disorders. In opioid users, pregabalin is increasingly being self-administered off-label due to its euphoria effect at high doses. We investigated the effects of pregabalin on addiction profile and opioid withdrawal severity by comparing patients with opioid addiction who were and were not using off-label pregabalin. METHODS: Between July and August 2016, a total of 120 patients (60 patients were pregabalin users and 60 patients were non-users) who presented to Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital Psychiatry Clinic Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center and were diagnosed with opioid use disorder according to the DSM-5, were included in the study. Patients who were using other substances were excluded from the study. A sociodemographic data form, the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale, and Addiction Profile Index (API) were applied to the patients. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between pregabalin users and pregabalin non-users in terms of age, sex, age of onset, working status, and whether previous treatment had been received. In the pregabalin user group, the severity of opioid withdrawal, API substance use characteristics, diagnosis, effects on life, craving, motivation subscale scores, and API total score were found to be significantly higher than in the non-user group. CONCLUSION: Off-label pregabalin use among patients with opioid addiction is becoming more common. Off-label, high-dose pregabalin use may worsen existing opioid addiction, create a new area of addiction, and an illegal market. Highlights We aimed to investigate the effects of pregabalin on addiction profile and opioid withdrawal severity by comparing patients with opioid addiction who were and were not using off-label pregabalin. In the pregabalin user group, the severity of opioid withdrawal, and API total score were found to be significantly higher than in the non-user group. The use of off-label, high-dose pregabalin may worsen existing opioid addiction.
{"title":"Pregabalin abuse among patients with opioid use disorders may increase the severity of withdrawal symptoms: a single-center, case-control study","authors":"Özlem Çıtak Ekici, Volkan Şahiner, G. Erzin, Davut Ocak, Ş. Şahi̇ner, E. Göka","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1673946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1673946","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Opioid addiction is a disease that is increasing in our country, Turkey, and around the world, which it is difficult to treat in medical, social, and economic terms. Pregabalin is a preparation used for the treatment of epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and anxiety disorders. In opioid users, pregabalin is increasingly being self-administered off-label due to its euphoria effect at high doses. We investigated the effects of pregabalin on addiction profile and opioid withdrawal severity by comparing patients with opioid addiction who were and were not using off-label pregabalin. METHODS: Between July and August 2016, a total of 120 patients (60 patients were pregabalin users and 60 patients were non-users) who presented to Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital Psychiatry Clinic Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center and were diagnosed with opioid use disorder according to the DSM-5, were included in the study. Patients who were using other substances were excluded from the study. A sociodemographic data form, the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale, and Addiction Profile Index (API) were applied to the patients. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between pregabalin users and pregabalin non-users in terms of age, sex, age of onset, working status, and whether previous treatment had been received. In the pregabalin user group, the severity of opioid withdrawal, API substance use characteristics, diagnosis, effects on life, craving, motivation subscale scores, and API total score were found to be significantly higher than in the non-user group. CONCLUSION: Off-label pregabalin use among patients with opioid addiction is becoming more common. Off-label, high-dose pregabalin use may worsen existing opioid addiction, create a new area of addiction, and an illegal market. Highlights We aimed to investigate the effects of pregabalin on addiction profile and opioid withdrawal severity by comparing patients with opioid addiction who were and were not using off-label pregabalin. In the pregabalin user group, the severity of opioid withdrawal, and API total score were found to be significantly higher than in the non-user group. The use of off-label, high-dose pregabalin may worsen existing opioid addiction.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":"479 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90160432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1699738
Catherine Cheng, G. Baker, S. Dursun
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are a heterogeneous constellation of non-cognitive symptoms and behaviours that can cause significant patient distress and present complex management challenges. Behavioural and pharmacological treatments are used to decrease the symptoms, preserve function and increase quality of life. In the treatment of individuals with a major neurocognitive disorder, non-pharmacological interventions are often preferred as first-line treatment over pharmacological interventions, which often have modest efficacy, notable side effects and significant risks. Multisensory stimulation (MSS) interventions have become increasingly popular in the treatment of BPSD, particularly with disease progression. The objective of this review paper is to provide a brief overview of the types of MSS interventions currently used in the treatment of major neurocognitive disorders. METHODS: Searches for papers published in this area were conducted using PubMed and the Web of Science Core Collection. The searches were done for the period covering the past 20 years, and key phrases used were “multisensory stimulation for treatment of BPSD,” “multisensory stimulation for treatment of major cognitive disorders,” “multisensory stimulation for treatment of dementia” and “multisensory stimulation for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.” RESULTS: Multisensory environments, multisensory tools and multisensory group therapies are discussed. There is growing support for the use of MSS interventions to improve mood, behaviour and quality of life in seniors with dementia and BPSD. However, currently the utilization of these interventions is highly variable and strong evidence for their use is limited. CONCLUSION: MSS interventions in the form of multisensory environments, tools and group therapies present tremendous potential as first-line treatments or as adjuncts to pharmacological interventions in the treatment of major neurocognitive disorders. However, the body of quality evidence that currently exists is limited. A lack of evidence does not necessarily mean a lack of efficacy, and there is a pressing need for studies with improved power and study design to determine the effectiveness of specific MSS interventions and to ascertain for whom they may be most beneficial.
目的:痴呆症的行为和心理症状(BPSD)是一种异质性的非认知症状和行为，可引起显著的患者痛苦，并提出复杂的管理挑战。行为和药物治疗用于减轻症状，保持功能和提高生活质量。在治疗患有严重神经认知障碍的个体时，非药物干预通常是首选的一线治疗方法，而不是药物干预，后者通常疗效一般，副作用明显，风险很大。多感觉刺激(MSS)干预在BPSD的治疗中越来越受欢迎，特别是在疾病进展时。这篇综述的目的是简要概述目前用于治疗主要神经认知障碍的MSS干预措施的类型。方法:使用PubMed和Web of Science Core Collection检索该领域发表的论文。这些搜索是在过去的20年里完成的，关键词是“治疗BPSD的多感觉刺激”，“治疗主要认知障碍的多感觉刺激”，“治疗痴呆的多感觉刺激”和“治疗神经退行性疾病的多感觉刺激”。结果:讨论了多感觉环境、多感觉工具和多感觉群体治疗。越来越多的人支持使用MSS干预措施来改善老年痴呆症和BPSD患者的情绪、行为和生活质量。然而，目前这些干预措施的使用是高度可变的，其使用的有力证据是有限的。结论:多感觉环境、工具和群体治疗形式的MSS干预在治疗重大神经认知障碍的一线治疗或辅助药物干预方面具有巨大的潜力。然而，目前存在的高质量证据是有限的。缺乏证据并不一定意味着缺乏疗效，迫切需要加强研究力度和研究设计，以确定特定的MSS干预措施的有效性，并确定这些干预措施可能对哪些人最有益。
{"title":"Use of multisensory stimulation interventions in the treatment of major neurocognitive disorders","authors":"Catherine Cheng, G. Baker, S. Dursun","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1699738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1699738","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are a heterogeneous constellation of non-cognitive symptoms and behaviours that can cause significant patient distress and present complex management challenges. Behavioural and pharmacological treatments are used to decrease the symptoms, preserve function and increase quality of life. In the treatment of individuals with a major neurocognitive disorder, non-pharmacological interventions are often preferred as first-line treatment over pharmacological interventions, which often have modest efficacy, notable side effects and significant risks. Multisensory stimulation (MSS) interventions have become increasingly popular in the treatment of BPSD, particularly with disease progression. The objective of this review paper is to provide a brief overview of the types of MSS interventions currently used in the treatment of major neurocognitive disorders. METHODS: Searches for papers published in this area were conducted using PubMed and the Web of Science Core Collection. The searches were done for the period covering the past 20 years, and key phrases used were “multisensory stimulation for treatment of BPSD,” “multisensory stimulation for treatment of major cognitive disorders,” “multisensory stimulation for treatment of dementia” and “multisensory stimulation for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.” RESULTS: Multisensory environments, multisensory tools and multisensory group therapies are discussed. There is growing support for the use of MSS interventions to improve mood, behaviour and quality of life in seniors with dementia and BPSD. However, currently the utilization of these interventions is highly variable and strong evidence for their use is limited. CONCLUSION: MSS interventions in the form of multisensory environments, tools and group therapies present tremendous potential as first-line treatments or as adjuncts to pharmacological interventions in the treatment of major neurocognitive disorders. However, the body of quality evidence that currently exists is limited. A lack of evidence does not necessarily mean a lack of efficacy, and there is a pressing need for studies with improved power and study design to determine the effectiveness of specific MSS interventions and to ascertain for whom they may be most beneficial.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"62 1","pages":"916 - 921"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84728807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1454385
Özlem Önen, Selcen Kundak, Handan Özek Erkuran, A. Kutlu, B. Çakaloz
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is a chronic skin condition among psychocutaneous diseases that significantly affect psychiatric well-being of patients, social interactions, and overall quality of life. Only a limited number of studies about psychiatric well-being and quality of life in children with vitiligo and their parents are available. AIMS: With this study, we aimed to assess anxiety, depression, and quality of life in children diagnosed with vitiligo and their parents. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Forty-one vitiligo patients aged 9–16 years 30 healthy controls along with their parents were asked to fill out self-report forms that assessed quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory – Child Form; PedsQL-C and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory – Parent Form; PedsQL-P), anxiety (State–Trait Anxiety Inventory – STAI-C for children and Beck Anxiety Inventory – BAI for parents), and depression (Children’s Depression Inventory – CDI and Beck Depression Inventory – BDI for parents). RESULTS: Between groups, significant differences were found in PedsQL-C subscales measuring school functioning, psychosocial health, and overall quality of life. Regarding PedsQL-P scores, there was a significant difference in physical functioning, social functioning, and overall quality of life. No statistical significance was found between groups regarding CDI and STAI-C scores. There was a significant difference in BDI, with higher scores in parents of children with vitiligo. CONCLUSIONS: We believe measuring life quality with standardized instruments and techniques would be important in the assessment of the patient to evaluate the efficacy of treatment, specifically in chronic disorders. Further studies addressing these issues, especially in children, adolescents, and their parents are warranted.
{"title":"Quality of life, depression, and anxiety in Turkish children with vitiligo and their parents","authors":"Özlem Önen, Selcen Kundak, Handan Özek Erkuran, A. Kutlu, B. Çakaloz","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1454385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1454385","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is a chronic skin condition among psychocutaneous diseases that significantly affect psychiatric well-being of patients, social interactions, and overall quality of life. Only a limited number of studies about psychiatric well-being and quality of life in children with vitiligo and their parents are available. AIMS: With this study, we aimed to assess anxiety, depression, and quality of life in children diagnosed with vitiligo and their parents. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Forty-one vitiligo patients aged 9–16 years 30 healthy controls along with their parents were asked to fill out self-report forms that assessed quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory – Child Form; PedsQL-C and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory – Parent Form; PedsQL-P), anxiety (State–Trait Anxiety Inventory – STAI-C for children and Beck Anxiety Inventory – BAI for parents), and depression (Children’s Depression Inventory – CDI and Beck Depression Inventory – BDI for parents). RESULTS: Between groups, significant differences were found in PedsQL-C subscales measuring school functioning, psychosocial health, and overall quality of life. Regarding PedsQL-P scores, there was a significant difference in physical functioning, social functioning, and overall quality of life. No statistical significance was found between groups regarding CDI and STAI-C scores. There was a significant difference in BDI, with higher scores in parents of children with vitiligo. CONCLUSIONS: We believe measuring life quality with standardized instruments and techniques would be important in the assessment of the patient to evaluate the efficacy of treatment, specifically in chronic disorders. Further studies addressing these issues, especially in children, adolescents, and their parents are warranted.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"18 1","pages":"492 - 501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76625691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1688030
S. Kurnaz, A. Yazıcı, A. Nursal, P. Çetinay Aydın, Ayca Ongel Atar, N. Aydın, Zeliha Kıncır, S. Pehlivan
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Substance use disorders (SUD) are among the most important public health problems throughout the world. We investigated whether COMT (Val108/158Met), CNR2 (rs2501432 and rs2229579), UCP2 (rs659366), and IL-17 (rs763780) gene variants were associated with SUD and its clinical parameters in a Turkish population. METHODS: We conducted a case–control study among 136 subjects with SUD and 100 healthy controls. Six variants were analysed by the PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS: The CNR2 rs2229579 T/T genotype and T allele increased in SUD groups than controls while the C/C genotype and C allele were more prevalent in the control group compared to the SUD group (p = 0.000 and p = 0.001, respectively). The COMT Val108/158Met Val/Val genotype and Val allele were significantly associated with polysubstance abuse (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the SUD group and control group regarding genotype and allele frequencies of COMT (Val108/158Met), CNR2 (rs2501432), UCP2 (rs659366) and IL-17 (rs763780) variants. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that discussed the relation of these variants and SUD patients in the Turkish population. The results of the analysis indicated that the CNR2 rs2229579 variant has an effect on susceptibility to SUD, suggesting that this variant might play a role in the physiopathology of SUD. The COMT Val108/158Met variant might be an important factor affecting polysubstance use.
{"title":"CNR2 rs2229579 and COMT Val158Met variants, but not CNR2 rs2501432, IL-17 rs763780 and UCP2 rs659366, contribute to susceptibility to substance use disorder in the Turkish population","authors":"S. Kurnaz, A. Yazıcı, A. Nursal, P. Çetinay Aydın, Ayca Ongel Atar, N. Aydın, Zeliha Kıncır, S. Pehlivan","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1688030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1688030","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Substance use disorders (SUD) are among the most important public health problems throughout the world. We investigated whether COMT (Val108/158Met), CNR2 (rs2501432 and rs2229579), UCP2 (rs659366), and IL-17 (rs763780) gene variants were associated with SUD and its clinical parameters in a Turkish population. METHODS: We conducted a case–control study among 136 subjects with SUD and 100 healthy controls. Six variants were analysed by the PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS: The CNR2 rs2229579 T/T genotype and T allele increased in SUD groups than controls while the C/C genotype and C allele were more prevalent in the control group compared to the SUD group (p = 0.000 and p = 0.001, respectively). The COMT Val108/158Met Val/Val genotype and Val allele were significantly associated with polysubstance abuse (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the SUD group and control group regarding genotype and allele frequencies of COMT (Val108/158Met), CNR2 (rs2501432), UCP2 (rs659366) and IL-17 (rs763780) variants. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that discussed the relation of these variants and SUD patients in the Turkish population. The results of the analysis indicated that the CNR2 rs2229579 variant has an effect on susceptibility to SUD, suggesting that this variant might play a role in the physiopathology of SUD. The COMT Val108/158Met variant might be an important factor affecting polysubstance use.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"11 1","pages":"847 - 853"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90263368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1472906
Sema Baykara, M. Yilmaz, M. Baykara
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The difference between maximum QT (QTmax) and minimum (QTmin) on electrocardiography (ECG) is known as QT dispersion (QTd). An increase in QTd carries the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and subsequent death. P wave dispersion (Pd) shows the difference between maximum P (Pmax) and minimum P (Pmin). Prolonged P wave duration and an increase in Pd are a risk for irregular electrical transmission and atrial fibrillation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine QTd and Pd values which indicate atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia in schizophrenia patients with whom cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are seen at a higher rate than the general population. METHOD: The patient group consisted of 30 male patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and receiving treatment either as inpatients or outpatients in the Mental Health and Diseases Hospital. The patient group had no other psychiatric, neurological or physical disease. The control group comprised 30 age-matched healthy males with no history of neurological, psychiatric, or physical disease. RESULTS: The cases in both groups were all males and there was no difference between the groups in respect of age. Corrected QTd was determined as 25.55 ± 13.18 (ms) in the control group and 54.26 ± 8.46 (ms) in the patient group (p < .001). Pd was determined as 36.22 ± 10.08 (ms) in the control group and 46.32 ± 5.87 (ms) in the patient group (p < .001). The differences in the values between the groups were statistically significant. DISCUSSIONS: The QTd and Pd values which show increased CVD risk were found to be significantly greater in schizophrenia patients than in the healthy control group. However, there is a need for further studies to determine whether this is a result of the nature of schizophrenia or the effect of the treatment drugs used. Thus, future studies could be planned to compare the QTd and Pd values of treated and untreated schizophrenia patients.
{"title":"QT dispersion and P wave dispersion in schizophrenia","authors":"Sema Baykara, M. Yilmaz, M. Baykara","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1472906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1472906","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The difference between maximum QT (QTmax) and minimum (QTmin) on electrocardiography (ECG) is known as QT dispersion (QTd). An increase in QTd carries the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and subsequent death. P wave dispersion (Pd) shows the difference between maximum P (Pmax) and minimum P (Pmin). Prolonged P wave duration and an increase in Pd are a risk for irregular electrical transmission and atrial fibrillation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine QTd and Pd values which indicate atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia in schizophrenia patients with whom cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are seen at a higher rate than the general population. METHOD: The patient group consisted of 30 male patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and receiving treatment either as inpatients or outpatients in the Mental Health and Diseases Hospital. The patient group had no other psychiatric, neurological or physical disease. The control group comprised 30 age-matched healthy males with no history of neurological, psychiatric, or physical disease. RESULTS: The cases in both groups were all males and there was no difference between the groups in respect of age. Corrected QTd was determined as 25.55 ± 13.18 (ms) in the control group and 54.26 ± 8.46 (ms) in the patient group (p < .001). Pd was determined as 36.22 ± 10.08 (ms) in the control group and 46.32 ± 5.87 (ms) in the patient group (p < .001). The differences in the values between the groups were statistically significant. DISCUSSIONS: The QTd and Pd values which show increased CVD risk were found to be significantly greater in schizophrenia patients than in the healthy control group. However, there is a need for further studies to determine whether this is a result of the nature of schizophrenia or the effect of the treatment drugs used. Thus, future studies could be planned to compare the QTd and Pd values of treated and untreated schizophrenia patients.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":"538 - 543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89949481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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