Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1673943
Davut Ocak, V. O. Kotan, S. Paltun, M. C. Aydemir
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency and severity of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients diagnosed with depression or anxiety disorder and the relationship of RLS with medications used in these disorders and clinical/sociodemographic characteristics of the patients. Methods: Four hundred and fifty-four consecutive patients who were treated with medication for “Depressive Disorder” or “Anxiety Disorder” in our outpatient clinic were included in the study. Subjects were screened by International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) scale, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale. Patients who met the criteria of RLS diagnosis due to the RLS screening scale (n = 104) were interviewed in detail. Patients’ laboratory tests were performed to investigate medical conditions other than antidepressant/antipsychotic use known to be related with RLS and 40 (8.8%) of 104 patients were excluded from the study. The main study group consisted of 414 patients. Results: The mean IRLSSG score of 64 patients diagnosed with RLS was 18.95 ± 5.11 (min: 7–max: 29), 7.8% of whom had mild and 55.1% had severe RLS. The incidence of RLS in patients receiving antidepressant treatment (n: 414) was significantly higher than the general population (15.5%). There were no significant difference neither between diagnostic groups (anxiety/ depression) nor individual antidepressants by means of RLS. Patients receiving combined treatment like SSRI + quetiapine, SSRI + mirtazapine or SSRI + trazodone scored 4.7 times higher on RLS scale. Discussion: There was no significant difference by means of RLS diagnosis or severity of RLS in patients with a diagnosis of anxiety/depressive disorder. However antidepressant using patients’ RLS prevalence was higher than general population’s. It was noticed that patients who received combined drug treatment had a 4.7-fold increase in RLS. In conclusion; beginning with as possible as the least number and dose of psychotropic drugs when treating a patient with depression or anxiety disorder does not increase RLS risk as well as providing advantages such as reduced risk of drug interaction and side effects.
{"title":"Is restless legs syndrome related with depression/anxiety disorders or medications used in these disorders? A cross-sectional, clinic-based study","authors":"Davut Ocak, V. O. Kotan, S. Paltun, M. C. Aydemir","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1673943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1673943","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency and severity of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients diagnosed with depression or anxiety disorder and the relationship of RLS with medications used in these disorders and clinical/sociodemographic characteristics of the patients. Methods: Four hundred and fifty-four consecutive patients who were treated with medication for “Depressive Disorder” or “Anxiety Disorder” in our outpatient clinic were included in the study. Subjects were screened by International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) scale, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale. Patients who met the criteria of RLS diagnosis due to the RLS screening scale (n = 104) were interviewed in detail. Patients’ laboratory tests were performed to investigate medical conditions other than antidepressant/antipsychotic use known to be related with RLS and 40 (8.8%) of 104 patients were excluded from the study. The main study group consisted of 414 patients. Results: The mean IRLSSG score of 64 patients diagnosed with RLS was 18.95 ± 5.11 (min: 7–max: 29), 7.8% of whom had mild and 55.1% had severe RLS. The incidence of RLS in patients receiving antidepressant treatment (n: 414) was significantly higher than the general population (15.5%). There were no significant difference neither between diagnostic groups (anxiety/ depression) nor individual antidepressants by means of RLS. Patients receiving combined treatment like SSRI + quetiapine, SSRI + mirtazapine or SSRI + trazodone scored 4.7 times higher on RLS scale. Discussion: There was no significant difference by means of RLS diagnosis or severity of RLS in patients with a diagnosis of anxiety/depressive disorder. However antidepressant using patients’ RLS prevalence was higher than general population’s. It was noticed that patients who received combined drug treatment had a 4.7-fold increase in RLS. In conclusion; beginning with as possible as the least number and dose of psychotropic drugs when treating a patient with depression or anxiety disorder does not increase RLS risk as well as providing advantages such as reduced risk of drug interaction and side effects.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"31 1","pages":"832 - 839"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84919159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1457488
Ö. Öner, Sinem Vatanartıran, Şirin Karadeniz
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Previous studies suggested that inattention was related particularly with reading problems among students. However, most of the former studies had clinically referred samples. A majority of the studies conducted with nonreferred samples have evaluated academic achievement with single or a few parent- or teacher-rated items. Almost none of the studies have investigated reading, writing, and mathematics achievements in a single sample. Data from low- and middle-income countries on the subject are exceedingly scarce. Objectives of the present study were to compare actual measurements of reading fluency, reading comprehension, reading and writing errors, mathematics achievement, and teacher ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a single sample. METHODS: Teachers rated ADHD symptoms in a single, nonreferred, population sample (n = 2493) of first- to fourth-grade students with a SNAP-4 rating scale. Actual measurements of reading fluency, reading comprehension, reading and writing errors, and mathematics achievement were also obtained. Fluid IQ was evaluated with Ravens Progressive Matrices. Students were grouped into Predominantly Inattentive (PI), Hyperactive/Impulsive (HI), Combined (C), or control groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < .003 after correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: We showed that after fluid IQ level and gender were controlled, ADHD-PI and ADHD-C groups (but not ADHD-HI) had significantly lower performance in all academic areas. ADHD-PI increased the risk of being in the lowest performing 10th percentile for reading 3 times, for writing more than 3.9 times, and for mathematics more than 6 times. CONCLUSIONS: We investigated the subtype differences in terms of academic achievement between ADHD-PI, ADHD-HI, and ADHD-C, based on teacher reports. Academic achivement data were not based on teacher or parent reports but on the actual performance of the students using standardized tests. Our results suggested that inattention symptoms must be targeted in primary school students in order to help them have academic achievement similar to their peers.
{"title":"Relationships between teacher-reported ADHD symptom profiles and academic achievement domains in a nonreferred convenience sample of first- to fourth-grade students","authors":"Ö. Öner, Sinem Vatanartıran, Şirin Karadeniz","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1457488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1457488","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Previous studies suggested that inattention was related particularly with reading problems among students. However, most of the former studies had clinically referred samples. A majority of the studies conducted with nonreferred samples have evaluated academic achievement with single or a few parent- or teacher-rated items. Almost none of the studies have investigated reading, writing, and mathematics achievements in a single sample. Data from low- and middle-income countries on the subject are exceedingly scarce. Objectives of the present study were to compare actual measurements of reading fluency, reading comprehension, reading and writing errors, mathematics achievement, and teacher ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a single sample. METHODS: Teachers rated ADHD symptoms in a single, nonreferred, population sample (n = 2493) of first- to fourth-grade students with a SNAP-4 rating scale. Actual measurements of reading fluency, reading comprehension, reading and writing errors, and mathematics achievement were also obtained. Fluid IQ was evaluated with Ravens Progressive Matrices. Students were grouped into Predominantly Inattentive (PI), Hyperactive/Impulsive (HI), Combined (C), or control groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < .003 after correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: We showed that after fluid IQ level and gender were controlled, ADHD-PI and ADHD-C groups (but not ADHD-HI) had significantly lower performance in all academic areas. ADHD-PI increased the risk of being in the lowest performing 10th percentile for reading 3 times, for writing more than 3.9 times, and for mathematics more than 6 times. CONCLUSIONS: We investigated the subtype differences in terms of academic achievement between ADHD-PI, ADHD-HI, and ADHD-C, based on teacher reports. Academic achivement data were not based on teacher or parent reports but on the actual performance of the students using standardized tests. Our results suggested that inattention symptoms must be targeted in primary school students in order to help them have academic achievement similar to their peers.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"47 1","pages":"502 - 508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85025811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1693727
Serkan Turan, G. Özyurt, G. Çatlı, Y. Öztürk, A. Abacı, A. Akay
ABSTRACT Background: Binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity in adolescents is associated with variations in social cognition and emotion regulation. The current study aimed to evaluate the Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities in adolescents with obesity with and without BED and to examine how they related to emotional and psychopathologic evaluations. Methods: One hundred twenty-eight adolescents comprising 32 non-BED adolescents with obesity, 32 adolescents with BED and obesity, and 64 healthy controls (HC) completed a battery of tests to analyze their social cognition and clinical psychopathologic profile. Results: Patients with BED and non-BED patients with obesity showed poorer performance in emotional regulation and social cognition tasks compared with normal-weight adolescents without BED. Various correlations were evident between depression, emotional regulation problems, and eating attitudes and patterns. Conclusions: Patients with BED and non-BED adolescents with obesity showed a decline in ToM tasks, independent of their clinical psychopathological profile. Consistent with other studies, this is the first study to assess both social cognition and emotion regulation skills in adolescents with BED and obesity.
{"title":"Social cognition and emotion regulation may be impaired in adolescents with obesity independent of the presence of binge eating disorder: a two-center study","authors":"Serkan Turan, G. Özyurt, G. Çatlı, Y. Öztürk, A. Abacı, A. Akay","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1693727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1693727","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity in adolescents is associated with variations in social cognition and emotion regulation. The current study aimed to evaluate the Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities in adolescents with obesity with and without BED and to examine how they related to emotional and psychopathologic evaluations. Methods: One hundred twenty-eight adolescents comprising 32 non-BED adolescents with obesity, 32 adolescents with BED and obesity, and 64 healthy controls (HC) completed a battery of tests to analyze their social cognition and clinical psychopathologic profile. Results: Patients with BED and non-BED patients with obesity showed poorer performance in emotional regulation and social cognition tasks compared with normal-weight adolescents without BED. Various correlations were evident between depression, emotional regulation problems, and eating attitudes and patterns. Conclusions: Patients with BED and non-BED adolescents with obesity showed a decline in ToM tasks, independent of their clinical psychopathological profile. Consistent with other studies, this is the first study to assess both social cognition and emotion regulation skills in adolescents with BED and obesity.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"19 1","pages":"887 - 894"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81932165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1468640
Hamza Ayaydın, Şermin Bilgen Ulgar
ABSTRACT Schizophrenia is characterized by an adverse clinical course and poor psychosocial functioning, and causes problems in the social-cognitive sphere. Clozapine is a potent antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of psychotic disorders when other antipsychotic agents failed. It is seen that clozapine causes more seizures at therapeutic doses when compared to standard antipsychotic agents. Various mechanisms have been proposed for seizure onset. Clozapine can induce epileptogenic activity by inhibiting D4 receptors in mesolimbic system and cortex. Clozapine does not only exert its effects on H1 and Ach-Mus receptors but also on several receptors such as gamma-aminobutyric acid A, nicotinic acetylcholine, glutamate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate. Here, we discussed a woman with schizophrenia in whom atonic seizure was developed during clozapine treatment and treated successfully by valproic acid/sodium valproate. Atonic seizures should be considered in patients who have drop attacks during clozapine therapy and atonic seizures should be treated by using an anticonvulsant agent such as valproic acid/sodium valproate when it is inappropriate to reduce clozapine dose.
精神分裂症的特点是不良的临床病程和不良的社会心理功能，并导致社会认知领域的问题。氯氮平是一种有效的抗精神病药物，当其他抗精神病药物失效时，用于治疗精神障碍。与标准抗精神病药物相比，氯氮平在治疗剂量下引起更多的癫痫发作。癫痫发作的各种机制已被提出。氯氮平可通过抑制中脑边缘系统和皮层的D4受体诱导致痫活性。氯氮平不仅对H1和Ach-Mus受体起作用，还对γ -氨基丁酸A、烟碱乙酰胆碱、谷氨酸和n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸等受体起作用。在这里，我们讨论了一位患有精神分裂症的女性，她在氯氮平治疗期间发生了失张力发作，并通过丙戊酸/丙戊酸钠成功治疗。在氯氮平治疗过程中，失张力发作应被考虑，当不适宜减少氯氮平剂量时，应使用抗惊厥药，如丙戊酸/丙戊酸钠。
{"title":"Control of seizures in a clozapine-treated schizophrenia patient, using valproate: a case report","authors":"Hamza Ayaydın, Şermin Bilgen Ulgar","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1468640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1468640","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Schizophrenia is characterized by an adverse clinical course and poor psychosocial functioning, and causes problems in the social-cognitive sphere. Clozapine is a potent antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of psychotic disorders when other antipsychotic agents failed. It is seen that clozapine causes more seizures at therapeutic doses when compared to standard antipsychotic agents. Various mechanisms have been proposed for seizure onset. Clozapine can induce epileptogenic activity by inhibiting D4 receptors in mesolimbic system and cortex. Clozapine does not only exert its effects on H1 and Ach-Mus receptors but also on several receptors such as gamma-aminobutyric acid A, nicotinic acetylcholine, glutamate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate. Here, we discussed a woman with schizophrenia in whom atonic seizure was developed during clozapine treatment and treated successfully by valproic acid/sodium valproate. Atonic seizures should be considered in patients who have drop attacks during clozapine therapy and atonic seizures should be treated by using an anticonvulsant agent such as valproic acid/sodium valproate when it is inappropriate to reduce clozapine dose.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"38 1","pages":"529 - 532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85516093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1661758
Sinem Tabur, A. Tufan, V. Çeri, B. Semerci
ABSTRACT Objectives: The Syrian Civil War forced millions into asylum in neighbouring countries. Refugees/asylum seekers have elevated risk for psychopathology with the most important being post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Subjective experiences and symptoms of the hosting populations which have also experienced similar traumas have received relatively little attention up to now. We aimed to evaluate the effects of Syrian Civil War in terms of psychopathology, traumatic experiences and PTSD on Turkish primary school students living in Suruç which is on the border with Syria and hosts a large population of asylum seekers. Methods: Two randomly selected schools operating in the district were included in the study. Sociodemographic Data forms, Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), Children’s Post-traumatic Reaction Index (CPRI) were used for evaluations. Data were analysed with SPSS 23.0. P was set at 0.05 (two-tailed). Results: Most common traumatic experiences via parental report were witnessing explosions (26.9%), witnessing injuries of extended family/relatives (21.8%) and witnessing deaths of acquaintances (17.9%). Lifetime traumatic events and lifetime self-injurious behaviour in children via parental report were 26.9% and 19.9%; respectively. Of 156 students (53.2% male) with a mean age of 8.8 years (S.D. = 1.3), 13.5% obtained externalizing scores, 11.0% obtained internalizing scores and 13.5% obtained total scores in the clinical range of CBCL. 98.7% reported PTSD symptoms in moderate and above severity in CPRI. Most common traumatic experiences reported by children included hearing explosions/gunshots (17.3%), damage to residences (17.3%), and witnessing deaths of extended family/ acquaintances (12.8%). Female gender (p = .00), witnessing loss of family members/acquaintances in Syrian Civil War (p = .01) and clinically significant PTSD symptoms in CPRI. Conclusion: Children in communities hosting Syrian refugees/asylum seekers may also have elevated symptoms of PTSD and female gender may be a risk factor for those symptoms.
{"title":"Syrian Civil War’s effects on Turkish school children: prevalence and predictors of psychopathology*","authors":"Sinem Tabur, A. Tufan, V. Çeri, B. Semerci","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1661758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1661758","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objectives: The Syrian Civil War forced millions into asylum in neighbouring countries. Refugees/asylum seekers have elevated risk for psychopathology with the most important being post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Subjective experiences and symptoms of the hosting populations which have also experienced similar traumas have received relatively little attention up to now. We aimed to evaluate the effects of Syrian Civil War in terms of psychopathology, traumatic experiences and PTSD on Turkish primary school students living in Suruç which is on the border with Syria and hosts a large population of asylum seekers. Methods: Two randomly selected schools operating in the district were included in the study. Sociodemographic Data forms, Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), Children’s Post-traumatic Reaction Index (CPRI) were used for evaluations. Data were analysed with SPSS 23.0. P was set at 0.05 (two-tailed). Results: Most common traumatic experiences via parental report were witnessing explosions (26.9%), witnessing injuries of extended family/relatives (21.8%) and witnessing deaths of acquaintances (17.9%). Lifetime traumatic events and lifetime self-injurious behaviour in children via parental report were 26.9% and 19.9%; respectively. Of 156 students (53.2% male) with a mean age of 8.8 years (S.D. = 1.3), 13.5% obtained externalizing scores, 11.0% obtained internalizing scores and 13.5% obtained total scores in the clinical range of CBCL. 98.7% reported PTSD symptoms in moderate and above severity in CPRI. Most common traumatic experiences reported by children included hearing explosions/gunshots (17.3%), damage to residences (17.3%), and witnessing deaths of extended family/ acquaintances (12.8%). Female gender (p = .00), witnessing loss of family members/acquaintances in Syrian Civil War (p = .01) and clinically significant PTSD symptoms in CPRI. Conclusion: Children in communities hosting Syrian refugees/asylum seekers may also have elevated symptoms of PTSD and female gender may be a risk factor for those symptoms.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":"811 - 816"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91352156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1454374
N. Bolat, K. Eliaçık, M. Yavuz, A. Kanık, Hilal Mertek, B. Guven, B. Dogrusoz, A. R. Bakiler
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Psychological factors may be the underlying causes in unexplained chest pain (UCP). Chest pain symptom may influence the emotional status and peer relationships of the children and adolescents negatively. However, the number of studies focussing on the aetiology and consequences of the adolescent UCP are still limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships among psychological problems, attachment characteristics, and the UCP in a group of adolescents. METHODS: Seventy-three adolescents with UCP and seventy-one healthy adolescents were included in the study. The adolescents completed the short form of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (s-IPPA), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), while their parents completed the parental form of the SDQ. RESULTS: Contrary to expectations, there was no significant interaction between total parental attachment levels and UCP in the adolescents with UCP. There were significant correlations between the attachment problems and total difficulties score of SDQ. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that higher emotional and conduct problems and lower pro-social characteristics predict the UCP in adolescents, significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that emotional/behavioural problems and lower pro-social behaviour scores are associated with UCP. However, further studies are needed for better understanding about the relationships between the UCP and attachment quality.
{"title":"Adolescent mental health, attachment characteristics, and unexplained chest pain: a case–control study","authors":"N. Bolat, K. Eliaçık, M. Yavuz, A. Kanık, Hilal Mertek, B. Guven, B. Dogrusoz, A. R. Bakiler","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1454374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1454374","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Psychological factors may be the underlying causes in unexplained chest pain (UCP). Chest pain symptom may influence the emotional status and peer relationships of the children and adolescents negatively. However, the number of studies focussing on the aetiology and consequences of the adolescent UCP are still limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships among psychological problems, attachment characteristics, and the UCP in a group of adolescents. METHODS: Seventy-three adolescents with UCP and seventy-one healthy adolescents were included in the study. The adolescents completed the short form of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (s-IPPA), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), while their parents completed the parental form of the SDQ. RESULTS: Contrary to expectations, there was no significant interaction between total parental attachment levels and UCP in the adolescents with UCP. There were significant correlations between the attachment problems and total difficulties score of SDQ. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that higher emotional and conduct problems and lower pro-social characteristics predict the UCP in adolescents, significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that emotional/behavioural problems and lower pro-social behaviour scores are associated with UCP. However, further studies are needed for better understanding about the relationships between the UCP and attachment quality.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"52 1","pages":"487 - 491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86838560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1470215
Lütfiye Söğütlü, N. Alaca, L. Önen
ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study was planned to assess the attention and memory-based performances of workers who used solvent as part of their job and therefore who had been exposed to this substance for a long time. METHOD: The participants of the study are 31 workers who were diagnosed with solvent exposure in the occupational diseases polyclinic of Istanbul Occupational Diseases Hospital and who were treated as inpatient treatment. These 31 participants were individuals who worked for at least 1 year in solvent use, and who did not have any physical, neurological, or psychiatric diseases prior to the study. Beside the aforementioned study group, 30 healthy volunteers also participated in the study as the control group. The verbal memory processes test (VMPT), cancellation test (CT) and Stroop test TBAG form (STP) were applied to all participants. FINDINGS: The data revealed no significant difference between the study and control groups in terms of their short-term memory scores based on the VMPT scores of the participants. However, long-term memory scores, learning achievement scores and the highest learning achievement scores of the study group were found to be significantly lower than the control group. Comparing the two groups on CT and its sub-sections, the scores of the study group were found to be significantly higher than the control group. These findings present that the study group needed more time to complete the mentioned test. It was also revealed that the study group particularly completed the fifth sub-section of STP, which focuses on selective attention, in significantly longer amount of time than the control group. CONCLUSION: Long-term solvent exposure affects attention and memory processes negatively.
{"title":"Examination of attention and memory processes of workers exposed to solvent for a long time","authors":"Lütfiye Söğütlü, N. Alaca, L. Önen","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1470215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1470215","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study was planned to assess the attention and memory-based performances of workers who used solvent as part of their job and therefore who had been exposed to this substance for a long time. METHOD: The participants of the study are 31 workers who were diagnosed with solvent exposure in the occupational diseases polyclinic of Istanbul Occupational Diseases Hospital and who were treated as inpatient treatment. These 31 participants were individuals who worked for at least 1 year in solvent use, and who did not have any physical, neurological, or psychiatric diseases prior to the study. Beside the aforementioned study group, 30 healthy volunteers also participated in the study as the control group. The verbal memory processes test (VMPT), cancellation test (CT) and Stroop test TBAG form (STP) were applied to all participants. FINDINGS: The data revealed no significant difference between the study and control groups in terms of their short-term memory scores based on the VMPT scores of the participants. However, long-term memory scores, learning achievement scores and the highest learning achievement scores of the study group were found to be significantly lower than the control group. Comparing the two groups on CT and its sub-sections, the scores of the study group were found to be significantly higher than the control group. These findings present that the study group needed more time to complete the mentioned test. It was also revealed that the study group particularly completed the fifth sub-section of STP, which focuses on selective attention, in significantly longer amount of time than the control group. CONCLUSION: Long-term solvent exposure affects attention and memory processes negatively.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"20 3","pages":"533 - 537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24750573.2018.1470215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72369826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1699726
J. Ye, Xiaodong Lin, Deguo Jiang, Min Chen, Yanchi Zhang, H. Tian, Jie Li, C. Zhuo, Yanling Zhao
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: To investigate the effects of adjunct ketamine treatment on depressive symptoms and brain activity in chronic treatment-resistant schizophrenia (CTRS) patients with treatment-resistant depressive (TRD) symptoms. METHODS: Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) results were compared before versus after ketamine treatment in 12 CTRS patients with TRD symptoms. RESULTS: From 7 days to 14 days after the first ketamine administration, CDSS and PANSS total scores were reduced by 63.8% and 12.9%, respectively. By day 21, ReHo values had increased in the main components of the default mode network (DMN) and bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) after family-wise error correction. ReHo alterations did not correlate with TRD symptom changes. TRD symptoms relapsed by the 21-day time point, while increased ReHo was sustained. No adverse secondary effects (ASEs) necessitating medical intervention occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Adjunct ketamine alleviation of TRD symptoms lasted only a week, whereas increased ReHo in DMN regions and the OFC in CTRS patients was maintained beyond 2 weeks, indicating that adjunct ketamine is not well-suited for CTRS patients with TRD symptoms and that effects on functional activity dissociate from effects on TRD symptoms. This small-sample pilot study provides clues for further research into therapy for TRD symptoms in CTRS patients.
{"title":"Adjunct ketamine treatment effects on treatment-resistant depressive symptoms in chronic treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients are short-term and disassociated from regional homogeneity changes in key brain regions – a pilot study","authors":"J. Ye, Xiaodong Lin, Deguo Jiang, Min Chen, Yanchi Zhang, H. Tian, Jie Li, C. Zhuo, Yanling Zhao","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1699726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1699726","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: To investigate the effects of adjunct ketamine treatment on depressive symptoms and brain activity in chronic treatment-resistant schizophrenia (CTRS) patients with treatment-resistant depressive (TRD) symptoms. METHODS: Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) results were compared before versus after ketamine treatment in 12 CTRS patients with TRD symptoms. RESULTS: From 7 days to 14 days after the first ketamine administration, CDSS and PANSS total scores were reduced by 63.8% and 12.9%, respectively. By day 21, ReHo values had increased in the main components of the default mode network (DMN) and bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) after family-wise error correction. ReHo alterations did not correlate with TRD symptom changes. TRD symptoms relapsed by the 21-day time point, while increased ReHo was sustained. No adverse secondary effects (ASEs) necessitating medical intervention occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Adjunct ketamine alleviation of TRD symptoms lasted only a week, whereas increased ReHo in DMN regions and the OFC in CTRS patients was maintained beyond 2 weeks, indicating that adjunct ketamine is not well-suited for CTRS patients with TRD symptoms and that effects on functional activity dissociate from effects on TRD symptoms. This small-sample pilot study provides clues for further research into therapy for TRD symptoms in CTRS patients.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"58 1","pages":"907 - 915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84446590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1459005
D. Unal, Fahri Çelebi, Hacer Neslihan Bildik, A. Koyuncu, S. Karahan
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: In this study, we evaluated vitamin B12 and iron parameters in Turkish children with ADHD in order to examine the relationship between ADHD symptoms and these parameters. METHODS: Drug-naive 100 ADHD patients, aged between 6 and 12 years old, were included in the study. None of them had acute or chronic diseases. All patients were assessed by using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children – Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Conners Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) was used for screening ADHD symptoms and symptom severity. Blood samples were evaluated for ferritin, haemoglobin, MCV, RDW, and vitamin B12 parameters. RESULTS: We indicated an inverse relationship between haemoglobin levels and learning, anxiety subscale scores of CPRS. Also, vitamin B12 and psychosomatic subscale scores were found negatively related whereas the relationship was in the opposite direction for ferritin. Vitamin B12 level was negatively correlated with learning problems and psychosomatic subscales of CTRS in the combined subtype of ADHD. CONCLUSION: Vitamin B12 and iron support may be useful in treatment of childhood ADHD, especially for learning problems, besides medication.
{"title":"Vitamin B12 and haemoglobin levels may be related with ADHD symptoms: a study in Turkish children with ADHD","authors":"D. Unal, Fahri Çelebi, Hacer Neslihan Bildik, A. Koyuncu, S. Karahan","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1459005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1459005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: In this study, we evaluated vitamin B12 and iron parameters in Turkish children with ADHD in order to examine the relationship between ADHD symptoms and these parameters. METHODS: Drug-naive 100 ADHD patients, aged between 6 and 12 years old, were included in the study. None of them had acute or chronic diseases. All patients were assessed by using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children – Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Conners Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) was used for screening ADHD symptoms and symptom severity. Blood samples were evaluated for ferritin, haemoglobin, MCV, RDW, and vitamin B12 parameters. RESULTS: We indicated an inverse relationship between haemoglobin levels and learning, anxiety subscale scores of CPRS. Also, vitamin B12 and psychosomatic subscale scores were found negatively related whereas the relationship was in the opposite direction for ferritin. Vitamin B12 level was negatively correlated with learning problems and psychosomatic subscales of CTRS in the combined subtype of ADHD. CONCLUSION: Vitamin B12 and iron support may be useful in treatment of childhood ADHD, especially for learning problems, besides medication.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"129 1","pages":"515 - 519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77457686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-27DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1662629
Jianjie Huang, Min Chen, Ce Chen, Xiaodong Lin, Deguo Jiang, Yonghui Zhang, Lina Wang, C. Zhuo, H. Tian, C. Du
ABSTRACT Background: The present study aimed to systematically evaluate three prolactin-sparing antipsychotics for treating schizophrenia. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of three prolactin-sparing antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia. Endpoints of interest were the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) and acceptability (all cause discontinuation). Results: A total of 12 trials (2,723 patients) and three drugs (aripiprazole, quetiapine, and ziprasidone) were included. On the PANSS scale, aripiprazole (mean difference [MD]: −6.98, 95% CrI: −12.35, −1.38) was statistically more effective than placebo. When assessed by BPRS, aripiprazole (MD: −9.01, 95% CrI: −15.81, −3.12), quetiapine (MD: −7.13, 95% CrI: −9.78, −4.29) and ziprasidone (MD: −4.97, 95% CrI: 9.96, −0.21) had greater efficacy, when compared to placebo. Regarding CGI-S, quetiapine (MD: −0.55, 95% CrI: −0.82, −0.25) was significantly superior to placebo. In terms of acceptability, aripiprazole (OR: 0.54, 95% CrI: 0.41, 0.73), quetiapine (OR: 0.49, 95% CrI: 0.36, 0.68) and ziprasidone (OR: 0.68, 95% CrI: 0.48, 0.96) were more acceptable than placebo. The benefit risk analysis revealed that quetiapine has the best efficacy and acceptability profile among the three prolactin-sparing antipsychotics. Conclusions: Quetiapine may offer an optimal benefit-risk balance when a prolactin-sparing antipsychotic is indicated.
{"title":"Efficacy and acceptability of three prolactin-sparing antipsychotics in patient with schizophrenia: a network meta-analysis","authors":"Jianjie Huang, Min Chen, Ce Chen, Xiaodong Lin, Deguo Jiang, Yonghui Zhang, Lina Wang, C. Zhuo, H. Tian, C. Du","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1662629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1662629","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: The present study aimed to systematically evaluate three prolactin-sparing antipsychotics for treating schizophrenia. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of three prolactin-sparing antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia. Endpoints of interest were the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) and acceptability (all cause discontinuation). Results: A total of 12 trials (2,723 patients) and three drugs (aripiprazole, quetiapine, and ziprasidone) were included. On the PANSS scale, aripiprazole (mean difference [MD]: −6.98, 95% CrI: −12.35, −1.38) was statistically more effective than placebo. When assessed by BPRS, aripiprazole (MD: −9.01, 95% CrI: −15.81, −3.12), quetiapine (MD: −7.13, 95% CrI: −9.78, −4.29) and ziprasidone (MD: −4.97, 95% CrI: 9.96, −0.21) had greater efficacy, when compared to placebo. Regarding CGI-S, quetiapine (MD: −0.55, 95% CrI: −0.82, −0.25) was significantly superior to placebo. In terms of acceptability, aripiprazole (OR: 0.54, 95% CrI: 0.41, 0.73), quetiapine (OR: 0.49, 95% CrI: 0.36, 0.68) and ziprasidone (OR: 0.68, 95% CrI: 0.48, 0.96) were more acceptable than placebo. The benefit risk analysis revealed that quetiapine has the best efficacy and acceptability profile among the three prolactin-sparing antipsychotics. Conclusions: Quetiapine may offer an optimal benefit-risk balance when a prolactin-sparing antipsychotic is indicated.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"84 1","pages":"369 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74091524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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