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Shrinking Core Model Formulation for the Electrochemical Performance Analysis of a Lithium/Carbon Monofluoride Cell 锂/单氟化碳电池电化学性能分析的缩芯模型公式
Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i3.02
S. S. Sandhu
A shrinking core model formulation has been developed based on lithium-ion diffusion through the product layer of carbon monofluoride cathode active material being the predominate mechanism controlling the cell discharge behavior. The formulation expresses the cell discharge time; speed of the moving reaction zone towards the center of a spherical active material, carbon monofluoride, particle; cell current, and the fractional amount of charge involved in the cell electrochemical reaction in terms of the fractional conversion of the cell cathode limiting reactant, carbon monofluoride. An experimental data-based correlation between the required, lithium-ion effective diffusivity and cell voltage loss is also provided to explain the cell discharge behavior under the constant current condition.
基于锂离子通过单氟化碳正极活性材料积层的扩散是控制电池放电行为的主要机制,提出了缩芯模型公式。该公式表示电池放电时间;反应区向球形活性物质单氟化碳颗粒中心移动的速度;电池电流,以及电池电化学反应中涉及的电荷的分数,根据电池阴极限制反应物的分数转换,一氟化碳。基于实验数据的锂离子有效扩散系数与电池电压损失之间的相关性也提供了恒流条件下电池放电行为的解释。
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引用次数: 0
Mapping of Mathematical Problem Solving Processes in Middle School Students: A Methodological and Analytical Approach 中学生数学问题解决过程的映射:一种方法论和分析方法
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i2.10
Asmae Bahbah, Maha Khaldi, M. Erradi
Problem solving is now, one of the major skills of the 21st century. In this context, the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) approach goes beyond the teaching of school subjects, and the teaching-learning of mathematics should allow learners to appropriate skills of problem solving and solution finding in different life situations. In fact, solving mathematical problems generates cognitive, metacognitive, affective and emotional processes. Therefore, the visualization of these processes allows teachers to implement adequate pedagogical strategies aimed at the development of learners' abilities and skills to solve mathematical problems. In the context of a digital pedagogy, its allowing the designers of computer systems to model the processes in order to set up intelligent tutorial systems (expert systems) helps in the development of mathematical problem solving skills. We present in this article a methodological and analytical approach allowing to verbalize, visualize the networks of resolution of mathematical problem and to represent them schematically. We conclude with a modeling of these networks.
现在,解决问题是21世纪的主要技能之一。在这种背景下,STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)方法超越了学校学科的教学,数学的教与学应该让学习者在不同的生活情况下掌握解决问题和寻找解决方案的技能。事实上,解决数学问题会产生认知、元认知、情感和情绪过程。因此,这些过程的可视化使教师能够实施适当的教学策略,旨在发展学习者解决数学问题的能力和技能。在数字教学法的背景下,它允许计算机系统的设计者对过程进行建模,以建立智能指导系统(专家系统),有助于发展数学问题解决能力。在这篇文章中,我们提出了一种方法和分析方法,允许用语言表达,可视化的解决数学问题的网络,并以图式表示它们。最后,我们对这些网络进行了建模。
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引用次数: 0
Do the Pregnant Women Want to Use the Labor Mirror during Childbirth? 孕妇在分娩时想要使用产镜吗?
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i2.11
Resmiye Özdilek, Suzi Özdemir, Büşra Kaynar
The labor mirror is an instrument used by the pregnant woman to observe the descent of the fetus and to improve pushing effort in vaginal delivery. The aim of the study was to determine the views of pregnant women about labor mirror use, which is not common in Turkiye. The study was of the cross-sectional descriptive type. Women who did not have any pregnancy-related complications or comorbidities, 37–42 weeks of gestation, had a single pregnancy and volunteered were included in the sample (n=359). Questionnaire form was used in data collection. All of the participants stated that they had never heard of the labor mirror before. While 18.1% agreed with the statement "If I am offered a labor mirror for use during labor, I will be pleased", one of the positive statements regarding the use of the labor mirror during childbirth, it was determined that they did not agree with the other positive statements. It is recommended that the use of the labor mirror in Turkey be evaluated and detailed studies should be carried out in order to increase the pushing efficiency at birth and improve the mother's birth experience.
产镜是孕妇在阴道分娩时用来观察胎儿下落和提高推力的仪器。这项研究的目的是确定孕妇对使用分娩镜的看法,这在土耳其并不常见。本研究为横断面描述性研究。没有任何妊娠相关并发症或合并症、妊娠37-42周、单次妊娠且自愿的妇女被纳入样本(n=359)。数据收集采用问卷调查形式。所有的参与者都表示,他们以前从未听说过分娩镜。虽然18.1%的人同意“如果我在分娩时使用分娩镜,我会很高兴”这一说法,这是关于分娩时使用分娩镜的积极陈述之一,但确定他们不同意其他积极陈述。建议对土耳其产镜的使用进行评估,并进行详细的研究,以提高分娩时的推动效率,改善产妇的分娩体验。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Minimum Energy and Protein Levels in the Diet on Growth, Yield, and Meat Quality of Sin Cheng Duck Raised for Meat at 1-12 Weeks of Age 饲粮最低能量和蛋白质水平对1 ~ 12周龄新城肉鸭生长、产量和肉品质的影响
Pub Date : 2023-02-25 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i2.09
Nguyen Manh Ha, Nguyen Thi Thuy My, Nguyen Thi Ut, Phan Thu Hương, N. T. Xuan
Research evaluating the effect of energy levels and minimum dietary protein on growth, performance, and meat quality of Sin Cheng ducks reared for meat at 1-12 weeks of age to find out energy and minimal protein levels for raising Sin Cheng ducks. The study was conducted on 450 Sin Cheng ducks from 1 day old to 12 weeks old arranged in 3 groups with different levels of protein and energy in the diet, corresponding to 3 age stages (0-3 weeks old)., 4-7 weeks old, 8-12 weeks old) respectively: Control group (DC): 2267 - 2329 - 2372Kcal, 17 - 15 - 14% protein; Experimental group one (TN1): 2533 – 2640 – 2711Kcal, 19 – 17 -16% protein; Experimental group two (TN2): 2001 - 2019 - 2033Kcal, 15 - 13 - 12% protein. Research results at week 12 showed that: With the energy and protein levels in the TN1 group giving the highest survival rate, the cumulative growth reached 2403.15 g/individual (duck), equivalent to the DC (2402.02 g/individual (duck) and higher than TN2 group (2303.03 g/individual). The percentage of carcass, breast, and thigh meat in the DC (69.73%, 16.62%, and 14.14%, respectively) was similar to that of the TN1 group (70.00%, 16.64% and 14.13% respectively) and much higher than TN2 group (66.3%, 15.62%, and 13.23%, respectively). The percentage of dry matter and protein in Sin Cheng duck's breast meat and thigh meat in the DC and TN1 groups was similar and significantly higher than in the TN2 group. The energy and protein levels in the TN1 group (2533 – 2640 – 2711Kcal, 19 – 17 -16%) are the minimum energy and protein levels suitable for raising Sin Cheng ducks.
本试验旨在通过评价能量水平和饲粮最低蛋白质水平对1-12周龄西城肉鸭生长、生产性能和肉品质的影响,确定西城肉鸭的能量水平和最低蛋白质水平。试验选用450只1日龄~ 12周龄的新城鸭,随机分为3组,每组饲粮中蛋白质和能量水平不同,对应3个日龄阶段(0 ~ 3周龄)。对照组(DC): 2267 - 2329 - 2372Kcal, 17 - 15 - 14%蛋白质;实验组1 (TN1): 2533 - 2640 - 2711Kcal,蛋白质19 - 17 -16%;实验二组(TN2): 2001 - 2019 - 2033Kcal, 15 - 13 - 12%蛋白质。试验第12周的研究结果表明:TN1组的能量和蛋白质水平最高,累计生长量达到2403.15 g/只(鸭),与DC (2402.02 g/只)相当,高于TN2组(2303.03 g/只)。胴体肉、胸肉和腿肉的比例(分别为69.73%、16.62%和14.14%)与TN1组(分别为70.00%、16.64%和14.13%)相当,远高于TN2组(分别为66.3%、15.62%和13.23%)。DC组和TN1组新城鸭胸肉和腿肉的干物质和蛋白质含量基本相同,且显著高于TN2组。TN1组的能量和蛋白质水平(2533 ~ 2640 ~ 2711Kcal, 19 ~ 17 ~ 16%)是西城鸭适宜饲养的最低能量和蛋白质水平。
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引用次数: 0
Central Pontine Myelinolysis Secondary to Hyperglycemia: A Case Report 继发于高血糖的桥脑桥中央髓鞘溶解1例报告
Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i2.08
W. MOUSSA, MhD, Ibtissam EL OUALI, MhD, A. MOUSSA, MhD, Tarek DENDANE, PhD, Amine Ali ZEGGWAGH, PhD
Centropontine myelinolysis (MCP) belongs to the osmotic demyelination syndrome, and occurs especially after the rapid correction of hyponatremia. In rare cases, it is caused by states of hyperosmolarity and it can be seen in hyperglycemia. Here, we report the case of a 28-year-old diabetic patient, admitted to intensive care unit for a disorder of consciousness and seizures. The physical examination found an apyretic patient with, Glasgow of 11, with quadriparesis and high blood pressure. Laboratory investigations showed hyperglycemia and metabolic ketoacidosis with chronic renal failure, natremia was normal, lumbar puncture was also normal. The diagnosis of MCP was retained on the MRI. Insulin therapy and rehydration were started and the patient showed a clinical improvement. However, he died because of ventilator-associated pneumonia. The aim of this work is to show that MCP can occur despite the absence of an abnormality of natremia and this diagnosis should be considered in diabetic patients with neurological disorders
中心桥脑髓鞘溶解(centrropontine myelinolysis, MCP)属于渗透性脱髓鞘综合征,多发生在低钠血症快速纠正后。在极少数情况下,它是由高渗状态引起的,可以在高血糖中看到。在此,我们报告一位28岁的糖尿病患者,因意识障碍和癫痫发作而住进重症监护病房。体格检查发现一名患有中风的患者,格拉斯哥11岁,四肢麻痹和高血压。实验室检查显示高血糖、代谢性酮症酸中毒伴慢性肾功能衰竭,钠血症正常,腰椎穿刺正常。MCP的诊断保留在MRI上。开始胰岛素治疗和补液治疗后,患者表现出临床改善。然而,他死于呼吸机相关性肺炎。这项工作的目的是表明MCP可以发生,尽管没有钠血症异常,这种诊断应该考虑糖尿病患者的神经系统疾病
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引用次数: 0
Work Life Balance of Women Faculty Working In HEIs with Special Reference to Bangalore City 高等学校女教师工作与生活的平衡——以班加罗尔市为例
Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i2.07
Dr. Chandrakhanthan J., Mr. Dhanapal C.
Women are demonstrating greater passion and interest in the educational area as technology advances, and they are finding it increasingly difficult to balance their personal and professional lives. The importance of a faculty member in educational institutions' productivity cannot be overstated. To provide a high-quality service, they must be mentally and physically fit. The role of a faculty is very significant for the productivity of educational institutions. The majority of academics are women. As a result, it's crucial to observe how these women manage their job and personal lives. In this context, the paper analyses the work life balance challenges faced by women faculty working in HEIs and impact of work life balance on women faculties’ performance in HEIs by using primary data. Through a literature analysis, the study chose three important factors that were appropriate for the study scenario. Workload, social support, and childcare were chosen as independent variables, whereas work life balance was chosen as the dependent variable. The primary data was collected via a standardized questionnaire by the researchers. In this article, a survey of 35 Bangalore educational institutions is undertaken using a sample of 220 instructors to determine the true state of work-life balance. The study finds that the work-life balance situation for female faculty members is moderate, which can be improved by providing flexible working hours, transportation, residential facilities, child care centers, flexible work arrangements/job sharing, reduced working hours and workload, and child schooling. The result of the research will be helpful for the HEIs administrators, to identify the importance of work life balance of female faculty in order to improve the outcome of their institutions.
随着科技的进步,女性对教育领域表现出更大的热情和兴趣,她们发现越来越难以平衡个人生活和职业生活。教师对教育机构生产力的重要性怎么强调都不为过。为了提供高质量的服务,他们必须身心健康。教师的角色对教育机构的生产力是非常重要的。大多数学者是女性。因此,观察这些女性如何管理自己的工作和个人生活是至关重要的。在此背景下,本文运用原始数据分析了高校女教师工作与生活平衡面临的挑战,以及工作与生活平衡对高校女教师绩效的影响。通过文献分析,本研究选择了适合研究场景的三个重要因素。以工作量、社会支持和儿童保育为自变量,以工作与生活平衡为因变量。主要数据是由研究人员通过标准化问卷收集的。在本文中,使用220名教师的样本对35家班加罗尔教育机构进行了调查,以确定工作与生活平衡的真实状态。研究发现,女教师的工作与生活平衡状况一般,可以通过提供灵活的工作时间、交通、住宿设施、托儿中心、灵活的工作安排/工作分担、减少工作时间和工作量以及儿童上学等措施来改善。研究结果将有助于高等学校管理者认识到女教师工作与生活平衡的重要性,从而改善学校的办学效果。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Whatsapp-Based Blended Problem-Based Learning on Students' Scientific Argument Ability in the Concept of Viruses 基于whatsapp的混合式问题学习对学生《病毒概念》科学论证能力的影响
Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i2.06
Romy Faisal Mustofa, Ninda Luthfiani, Dea Diella
This study aims to determine the effect of Whats App-based blended problem-based learning on students' scientific argumentation skills on the concept of a virus in class X MIPA Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Tasikmalaya Indonesia. The research method used is a quasi-experimental method using a posttest only control design. The population in this study was class X MIPA as many as 202 people. Samples were taken by non-probability sampling in the form of purposive sampling. The sample used is MIPA 5 and X MIPA 6 classes at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Tasikmalaya Indonesia as many as 61 students. With MIPA 6 class as many as 30 students as the experimental class and X MIPA 5 as many as 31 students as the control class. Data collection was done by giving 7 questions of scientific argumentation. The data analysis technique used was t independent with a significance value (0.0001). The results showed that there was an effect of WhatsApp-based blended problem-based learning on the ability to argue scientifically. Other findings show that the average scientific argumentation ability of students is based on its components, namely claim (2,224), evidence (1,825) and reasoning (0,378).
本研究旨在确定基于what app的混合式问题型学习对印尼马来西亚国际工商管理学院X班学生关于病毒概念的科学论证能力的影响。研究方法为准实验方法,采用后测对照设计。本研究的人群为MIPA X级,多达202人。样本采用非概率抽样,采用目的抽样的形式。所使用的样本是印度尼西亚阿利亚·内格里·塔斯克马来亚Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Tasikmalaya Indonesia的MIPA 5和X MIPA 6班,多达61名学生。其中MIPA 6班30人作为实验班,X MIPA 5班31人作为对照班。数据收集通过给出7个科学论证问题来完成。采用的数据分析技术是t独立的,显著性值为0.0001。结果表明,基于whatsapp的混合式问题学习对科学辩论的能力有影响。其他研究结果表明,学生的平均科学论证能力是基于其组成部分,即主张(2,224),证据(1,825)和推理(0,378)。
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引用次数: 0
METHODS OF INCREASING LABOR EFFICIENCY INDICATORS 提高劳动效率指标的方法
Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i2.05
Bekniyoz Bakhtiyar Ugli Suvanov
This article talks about proposals and problems for increasing labor efficiency indicators in economic entities. In the conditions of the modern market economy, the development and competitiveness of the organization directly depends on labor efficiency. The greater the labor efficiency, the more products are created per unit of time, and as a result, the total output of the enterprise increases. Therefore, increasing labor productivity is one of the most important tasks of any enterprise.
本文论述了提高经济实体劳动效率指标的建议和存在的问题。在现代市场经济条件下,组织的发展和竞争力直接取决于劳动效率。劳动效率越高,单位时间内生产的产品就越多,企业的总产出就会增加。因此,提高劳动生产率是任何企业最重要的任务之一。
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引用次数: 0
Socialization Android-Based Electronic Screening Test Epidemiology (E-Steco 19) In Indonesia and Timor Leste 社会化基于android的电子筛查测试流行病学(e - steco19)在印度尼西亚和东帝汶
Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i2.03
Frieda Ani Noor, Aris Prastyoningsih, Maria Wisnu Kanita, Oliva Virvizat P, E. Ernawati, Wahyuningsih Safitri, Retnaning Tyas Rahayu
Introduction: A statement of being in good health is one of the prerequisites as a lecturer or employee at Kusuma Husada University, in which an employee must be declared in good health to prove that an employee is healthy and ready to work, without any serious unhealthy obstacles. Health checks by computerized epidemiology screening test will speed up the process and assist the doctor The development of health applications using the epidemiological screening test method for lecturers and Studends, at the Kusuma Husada University Health Clinic Indonesia Health screening tests quick and efficient in accordance with existing data, and give the result of employee health data directly. The purpose of this study is to make it easier to detect the health status of Kusuma Husada University lecturers and Studends, which is used for one of the prerequisites for a work contract with a health application using an epidemiological screening test method. Methods: Data collection was done by qualitative method and carried out from February to August 2022. lecturers and Studends data retrieval is done using a digital questionnaire (online). Sample of this research is a studends, and employee at Kusuma Husada University Indonesia, the results is used to make applications (e-Steco). Results: E-Steco 19 is an Android-based application that is used to detect a person's health using the screening test method. Data will be stored using Google Sheet and Google App Script. Thus, the data that has been collected from users who fill out a list of questions in the application can be downloaded and processed according to the needs. Data can be downloaded via the link. The e-Steco result can be processed in such a way that the data can be used as material for decision making. E-Steco 19 consists of 14 questions for health screening. Here we show the results of data processing from e-Steco 19 Result in the form of a pie chart. Results: The e-Steco 19 application has been completed and has also been running a test, so that it can make it easier to detect the health of lecturers and Studends, at Kusuma Husada University Indonesia. This application is still possible to be developed and used in Timor Leste University and Health Clinic.
导言:健康状况良好的声明是Kusuma Husada大学讲师或雇员的先决条件之一,雇员必须宣布健康状况良好,以证明其健康状况良好,准备工作,没有任何严重的不健康障碍。通过计算机流行病学筛查测试进行健康检查将加快进程并协助医生开发健康应用程序,使用流行病学筛查测试方法为讲师和学生开发健康应用程序,在印度尼西亚Kusuma Husada大学健康诊所,根据现有数据进行快速有效的健康筛查测试,并直接给出员工健康数据的结果。本研究的目的是为了更容易地检测Kusuma Husada大学讲师和学生的健康状况,这是使用流行病学筛查测试方法与健康应用程序签订工作合同的先决条件之一。方法:采用定性方法收集资料,时间为2022年2月~ 8月。讲师和学生的数据检索是通过数字问卷(在线)完成的。本研究的样本是印度尼西亚Kusuma Husada大学的一名学生和一名员工,研究结果用于制作应用程序(e- steo)。结果:E-Steco 19是一个基于android的应用程序,用于通过筛选测试方法检测一个人的健康状况。数据将存储使用谷歌表和谷歌应用程序脚本。因此,从在应用程序中填写问题列表的用户那里收集的数据可以下载并根据需要进行处理。数据可以通过链接下载。e- steo结果可以通过这样一种方式进行处理,即数据可以用作决策的材料。E-Steco 19由14个健康检查问题组成。这里我们以饼状图的形式展示了e-Steco 19 Result的数据处理结果。结果:印度尼西亚Kusuma Husada大学的e-Steco 19应用程序已经完成,并正在进行测试,以便更容易地检测教师和学生的健康状况。这一应用程序仍有可能在东帝汶大学和保健诊所开发和使用。
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引用次数: 0
Managing Higher Education Pain Points for Knowledge and Innovation for Africa’s Development: Lessons from the Rest of The World 为非洲发展管理高等教育的知识和创新痛点:来自世界其他地区的经验教训
Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i2.04
D. TADERERA, (PH.D.)
The main thrust of this research was to contribute to theory building in the Pain Points Theory (PPT) and their applicability in African Higher Education Institutions (referred to as AHEI right through), with focus on colleges and universities. The research explored gaps in knowledge regarding this theory as a contribution to knowledge, and in this instance the AHEI was the sample and epicentre of the research and was expected to meet foremost the needs of industry and government as employers of graduated students, then the needs of students and society in knowledge and innovation. This research was conceptual research using literature review only. A Pain Point or constraint is anything that prevents the system from achieving its goal like poor funding, high teaching loads, unattractive research prizes and incentives, low salaries that drive away talented academics and others and finally poor resourcing. The main reasons giving rise to this research were the facts that some colleges and universities in Africa faced challenges in graduate employability and suitability for industry and funding and needed accreditation by government agencies, and some had low innovation and research output. The main objective of this research was to contribute to theory building in the Theory of Higher Education and PPT and identify critical success factors for efficiency in service delivery excellence to students, industry and society in line with market orientation philosophy. The secondary objective was employability of graduates as the end product, maximising knowledge creation and innovation. Qualitative research method in the form of conceptual research was used in this research. The main findings were low salaries were driving away academics to NICs and overseas developed countries, lack of practicals/diverse teaching methods, lack of compulsory internship, unfair assessment, balancing classes with free time, the need for diversity in terms of faculty, uncommitted students, incompetent faculty, outdated syllabus, students from high schools not being college ready, graduates not matching industry requirements, poor internet service, low knowledge creation, lower levels of innovation and industrialisation in Africa, unattractive prizes for researchers and same for research incentives, lack of apprenticeship in some countries and no research funding.
本研究的主要目的是促进痛点理论(PPT)的理论建设及其在非洲高等教育机构(简称AHEI)中的适用性,重点是学院和大学。该研究将这一理论视为对知识的贡献,探索了知识的差距,在这种情况下,AHEI是研究的样本和中心,预计将首先满足工业和政府作为毕业生雇主的需求,然后是学生和社会在知识和创新方面的需求。本研究为概念性研究,仅采用文献回顾法。痛点或约束是任何阻碍系统实现其目标的因素,如资金不足,教学负担高,研究奖励和激励缺乏吸引力,低工资导致有才华的学者和其他人离开,最终导致资源不足。产生这项研究的主要原因是非洲的一些高校在毕业生就业能力和适合行业和资金方面面临挑战,需要政府机构的认证,一些高校的创新和研究产出较低。本研究的主要目的是为高等教育理论和PPT的理论建设做出贡献,并根据市场导向的理念,确定向学生、行业和社会提供卓越服务的关键成功因素。第二个目标是毕业生作为最终产品的就业能力,最大限度地创造知识和创新。本研究采用概念研究形式的定性研究方法。主要调查结果包括:低工资导致学者流失到新兴国家和海外发达国家、缺乏实践/多样化的教学方法、缺乏强制性实习、不公平的评估、课业与自由时间的平衡、教师多样性的需求、不投入的学生、不称职的教师、过时的教学大纲、高中学生没有为上大学做好准备、毕业生不符合行业要求、互联网服务差、知识创造少、非洲的创新和工业化水平较低,对研究人员的奖励和研究激励没有吸引力,一些国家缺乏学徒制,以及没有研究资金。
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