Pub Date : 2024-12-21DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112479
Merfat Algethami, Roya Boudaghi Malidarreh, V. Yu Ivanov, Shams A. M. Issa, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Iskender Akkurt, Hesham M.H. Zakaly
The present study is dedicated to deriving radiation shielding and mechanical features of the tellurium dioxide-zinc oxide-nickel oxide (TeO2–ZnO–NiO) preferred glass systems. The radiation shielding and mechanical parameters have been obtained by leveraging the FLUKA Monte Carlo (MC) approach and theoretical analysis. Attenuation factors have been carried out for different ratios of Te: Zn (i.e., 4:1, 7:3, 3:2) and 2 cm thickness glass specimen. Three NiO mole fractions are investigated for this purpose. Among the three-glass series, 7:3 specimens possess the highest radiation shielding, improving the space-efficiency. In addition, the Zeff increases with the rising TeO2 concentration in the glass structure, especially in the high energy range. Furthermore, reducing the amount of ZnO as a network modifier in the glass increases the molar volume. Moreover, we successfully increased the mechanical module of the provided glass specimens utilizing MM model. The outcomes of the present work are suitable for further studies related to the ternary Te glass series.
{"title":"A promising alternative: A pathway to superior mechanical and radiation shielding performance of ternary TeO2–ZnO–NiO glass system","authors":"Merfat Algethami, Roya Boudaghi Malidarreh, V. Yu Ivanov, Shams A. M. Issa, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Iskender Akkurt, Hesham M.H. Zakaly","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112479","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is dedicated to deriving radiation shielding and mechanical features of the tellurium dioxide-zinc oxide-nickel oxide (TeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>–ZnO–NiO) preferred glass systems. The radiation shielding and mechanical parameters have been obtained by leveraging the FLUKA Monte Carlo (MC) approach and theoretical analysis. Attenuation factors have been carried out for different ratios of Te: Zn (i.e., 4:1, 7:3, 3:2) and 2 cm thickness glass specimen. Three NiO mole fractions are investigated for this purpose. Among the three-glass series, 7:3 specimens possess the highest radiation shielding, improving the space-efficiency. In addition, the Z<ce:inf loc=\"post\">eff</ce:inf> increases with the rising TeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> concentration in the glass structure, especially in the high energy range. Furthermore, reducing the amount of ZnO as a network modifier in the glass increases the molar volume. Moreover, we successfully increased the mechanical module of the provided glass specimens utilizing MM model. The outcomes of the present work are suitable for further studies related to the ternary Te glass series.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112484
Chaitali V. More, Nilesh L. Tarwal, Sunil N. Botewad, Mohd Anis, Vishnu V. Kutwade, Ferdi Akman, Osman Agar, Pravina P. Pawar
The present study has reported the radiation shielding properties of polymeric composites adding tin oxide (SnO2) as a filler. For the purpose of assessing gamma-ray and neutron attenuation properties of the new unsaturated polyester resin composites with different SnO2 concentrations, samples were synthesized with successively increasing loadings of SnO2. Theoretical, simulated, and experimental evaluations have shown a great match among experimental, computational, and simulation over a wide photon energy range (122 keV–1330 keV) using NaI (Tl) scintillation detectors, WinXCom computational code, and Monte Carlo (GEANT4) simulations. Fast neutron removal cross-sections (ΣR), shielding properties against fast neutrons, were calculated. XRD, FE-SEM, and EDX structural grades were conducted to analyze microstructure of the composite and justify the dispersal of SnO2 in that matrix. The composite code-named S5 with SnO2 concentrations at 50% has the highest gamma and neutron shielding ability among all samples. Additionally, the compressive strength tests demonstrated the possibility of incorporating SnO2 in enhancing mechanical properties by improving structures while ensuring a reasonably good protection against radiation.
本文报道了以氧化锡（SnO2）为填料的聚合物复合材料的辐射屏蔽性能。为了评估不同SnO2浓度的新型不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料的γ射线和中子衰减性能，合成了逐渐增加SnO2负荷量的样品。利用NaI （Tl）闪烁探测器、WinXCom计算代码和Monte Carlo （GEANT4）模拟，理论、模拟和实验评估表明，在宽光子能量范围（122 kv - 1330 keV）内，实验、计算和模拟之间存在很大的匹配。计算了快中子去除截面（ΣR），以及对快中子的屏蔽性能。通过XRD、FE-SEM和EDX结构分级分析了复合材料的微观结构，证明了SnO2在基体中的分散。在所有样品中，SnO2浓度为50%的S5复合材料屏蔽γ和中子的能力最高。此外，抗压强度测试表明，加入SnO2可以通过改善结构来提高机械性能，同时确保对辐射的良好防护。
{"title":"Radiation shielding efficacy of unsaturated polyester composites for gamma and neutron attenuation-enhanced with SnO2","authors":"Chaitali V. More, Nilesh L. Tarwal, Sunil N. Botewad, Mohd Anis, Vishnu V. Kutwade, Ferdi Akman, Osman Agar, Pravina P. Pawar","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112484","url":null,"abstract":"The present study has reported the radiation shielding properties of polymeric composites adding tin oxide (SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>) as a filler. For the purpose of assessing gamma-ray and neutron attenuation properties of the new unsaturated polyester resin composites with different SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> concentrations, samples were synthesized with successively increasing loadings of SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>. Theoretical, simulated, and experimental evaluations have shown a great match among experimental, computational, and simulation over a wide photon energy range (122 keV–1330 keV) using NaI (Tl) scintillation detectors, WinXCom computational code, and Monte Carlo (GEANT4) simulations. Fast neutron removal cross-sections (Σ<ce:inf loc=\"post\">R</ce:inf>), shielding properties against fast neutrons, were calculated. XRD, FE-SEM, and EDX structural grades were conducted to analyze microstructure of the composite and justify the dispersal of SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> in that matrix. The composite code-named S5 with SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> concentrations at 50% has the highest gamma and neutron shielding ability among all samples. Additionally, the compressive strength tests demonstrated the possibility of incorporating SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> in enhancing mechanical properties by improving structures while ensuring a reasonably good protection against radiation.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"282 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112474
Raghda Sabry, Asmaa Sayed, Ibrahim E.T. El-Sayed, Ghada A. Mahmoud
The development of natural polymer-based biofilms with enhanced mechanical and barrier properties is of great interest for sustainable food packaging. This study explores the optimization of pectin/polyacrylamide (PEC/PAAm) biofilms via e-beam irradiation-induced copolymerization and crosslinking. Initial optimization of polymer concentration and pectin/acrylamide ratio at 10 kGy irradiation led to biofilms with improved mechanical properties, reduced moisture content, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and oxygen permeability (OP). Further investigation of irradiation dose at 25 wt% total polymer concentration and a 1:1 pectin/PAAm ratio revealed that 30 kGy irradiation optimally enhanced the biofilm's mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. These results provide a foundation for future work in enhancing food shelf life using bioactive additives incorporated into optimized biofilms.
{"title":"Optimizing pectin-based biofilm properties for food packaging via E-beam irradiation","authors":"Raghda Sabry, Asmaa Sayed, Ibrahim E.T. El-Sayed, Ghada A. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112474","url":null,"abstract":"The development of natural polymer-based biofilms with enhanced mechanical and barrier properties is of great interest for sustainable food packaging. This study explores the optimization of pectin/polyacrylamide (PEC/PAAm) biofilms via e-beam irradiation-induced copolymerization and crosslinking. Initial optimization of polymer concentration and pectin/acrylamide ratio at 10 kGy irradiation led to biofilms with improved mechanical properties, reduced moisture content, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and oxygen permeability (OP). Further investigation of irradiation dose at 25 wt% total polymer concentration and a 1:1 pectin/PAAm ratio revealed that 30 kGy irradiation optimally enhanced the biofilm's mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. These results provide a foundation for future work in enhancing food shelf life using bioactive additives incorporated into optimized biofilms.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112442
Kruthika K., Rumana Farheen S.M., Manjunatha H.C., Vidya Y.S., Sridhar K.N., Munirathnam R., Manjunatha S., Krishnaveni S.
The green synthesis approach underscores the potential for sustainable and environmentally friendly methods in the development of advanced materials. In this study, we explore the synthesis and characterization of a series of ternary nanocomposites (NCs) such as CaO/Bi2O3/CuO (CBCO), CaO/Bi2O3/NiO (CBNO) and CaO/Bi2O3/B2O3 (CBBO) using an innovative Aloe vera-mediated solution combustion method. The Bragg reflections confirms the formation of NCs. The hkl planes matches well with the hexagonal CaO, monoclinic Bi2O3 and CuO, cubic NiO and tetragonal B2O3. The crystallite size calculated from Scherrer’s method for CBCO, CBNO and CBBO were found to be 44, 18 and 37 nm respectively. The surface morphology of CBCO NCs consists agglomerated flaky shaped NPs along with hollows. Irregular, triangular and hexagonal morphology were observed in CBNO NCs. The transparent plate-like structure arranged one above the other along with large hollow are observed in CBBO NCs. 3.07, 3.05, and 2.84 eV for CBCO, CBNO, and CBBO NCs respectively. Key shielding parameters, including mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path (λ), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), and energy buildup factor (EBF), were measured for CBCO, CBNO, and CBBO NCs. The results revealed that the CBCO NCs possess improved radiation shielding capabilities, suggesting their potential as effective materials for radiation protection applications.
{"title":"Aloe vera mediated calcium and bismuth oxide-based nanocomposites for gamma radiation shielding applications","authors":"Kruthika K., Rumana Farheen S.M., Manjunatha H.C., Vidya Y.S., Sridhar K.N., Munirathnam R., Manjunatha S., Krishnaveni S.","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112442","url":null,"abstract":"The green synthesis approach underscores the potential for sustainable and environmentally friendly methods in the development of advanced materials. In this study, we explore the synthesis and characterization of a series of ternary nanocomposites (NCs) such as CaO/Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>/CuO (CBCO), CaO/Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>/NiO (CBNO) and CaO/Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>/B<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> (CBBO) using an innovative Aloe vera-mediated solution combustion method. The Bragg reflections confirms the formation of NCs. The hkl planes matches well with the hexagonal CaO, monoclinic Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> and CuO, cubic NiO and tetragonal B<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>. The crystallite size calculated from Scherrer’s method for CBCO, CBNO and CBBO were found to be 44, 18 and 37 nm respectively. The surface morphology of CBCO NCs consists agglomerated flaky shaped NPs along with hollows. Irregular, triangular and hexagonal morphology were observed in CBNO NCs. The transparent plate-like structure arranged one above the other along with large hollow are observed in CBBO NCs. 3.07, 3.05, and 2.84 eV for CBCO, CBNO, and CBBO NCs respectively. Key shielding parameters, including mass attenuation coefficients <mml:math altimg=\"si1.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ρ</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path <mml:math altimg=\"si2.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>λ</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, radiation protection efficiency (RPE), and energy buildup factor (EBF), were measured for CBCO, CBNO, and CBBO NCs. The results revealed that the CBCO NCs possess improved radiation shielding capabilities, suggesting their potential as effective materials for radiation protection applications.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112483
W. Rittisut, P. Manyum, N. Wantana, Y. Ruangtaweep, K. Kirdsiri, S. Rujirawat, K. Kamonsuangkasem, R. Yimnirun, A. Prasatkhetragarn, N. Intachai, S. Kothan, H.J. Kim, J. Kaewkhao
This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of dysprosium (Dy³⁺)-doped borosilicate glass, using degraded silica gel (DSG) as a network former instead of high-purity silica. The glasses were synthesized using the melt quenching method at 1200 °C and the chemical formula (69-X)B2O3–18Li2O–12BaO–XDSG-1.0Dy2O3, where X represents the concentration of degraded silica gel. The resulting glasses absorbed photons across ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths. The optimal DSG concentration for maximum photoluminescence was determined to be 10 mol%, which produced a color-correlated temperature (CCT) range of 4077–4649 K, exceeding the warm CCT threshold of 4000 K. The CIE color coordinate chart suggests that these samples are suitable for laser and white-light applications. The I–H model (with S = 6) confirmed dipole–dipole interactions during the energy transfer between Dy³⁺ ions. The glasses exhibited lifetimes in the millisecond range. Additionally, we prepared glass samples with varying Dy₂O₃ content in a suitable host (10Silicagel XDy glasses), maintaining the optimal DSG concentration at 10 mol%. The photoluminescence showed clear emission characteristics of Dy³⁺, closely resembling the radioluminescence spectra. Under excitation at λEx = 387 nm, the developed glass exhibited two strong emission peaks at 576 nm (4F9/2 → 6H13/2) and 484 nm (4F9/2 → 6H15/2). The results showed that the glass doped with 1.0 mol% Dy₂O₃ had the highest emission intensity, confirming that degraded silica gel is a promising alternative to high-purity SiO₂ for producing efficient, luminescent, and environmentally friendly white-light optical materials.
{"title":"Green chemistry preparation and characterization of borosilicate glass doped with dysprosium using degraded silica gel for white-light emission","authors":"W. Rittisut, P. Manyum, N. Wantana, Y. Ruangtaweep, K. Kirdsiri, S. Rujirawat, K. Kamonsuangkasem, R. Yimnirun, A. Prasatkhetragarn, N. Intachai, S. Kothan, H.J. Kim, J. Kaewkhao","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112483","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of dysprosium (Dy³⁺)-doped borosilicate glass, using degraded silica gel (DSG) as a network former instead of high-purity silica. The glasses were synthesized using the melt quenching method at 1200 °C and the chemical formula (69-X)B<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>–18Li<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O–12BaO–XDSG-1.0Dy<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>, where X represents the concentration of degraded silica gel. The resulting glasses absorbed photons across ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths. The optimal DSG concentration for maximum photoluminescence was determined to be 10 mol%, which produced a color-correlated temperature (CCT) range of 4077–4649 K, exceeding the warm CCT threshold of 4000 K. The CIE color coordinate chart suggests that these samples are suitable for laser and white-light applications. The I–H model (with S = 6) confirmed dipole–dipole interactions during the energy transfer between Dy³⁺ ions. The glasses exhibited lifetimes in the millisecond range. Additionally, we prepared glass samples with varying Dy₂O₃ content in a suitable host (10Silicagel XDy glasses), maintaining the optimal DSG concentration at 10 mol%. The photoluminescence showed clear emission characteristics of Dy³⁺, closely resembling the radioluminescence spectra. Under excitation at λ<ce:inf loc=\"post\">Ex</ce:inf> = 387 nm, the developed glass exhibited two strong emission peaks at 576 nm (<ce:sup loc=\"post\">4</ce:sup>F<ce:inf loc=\"post\">9/2</ce:inf> → <ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">13/2</ce:inf>) and 484 nm (<ce:sup loc=\"post\">4</ce:sup>F<ce:inf loc=\"post\">9/2</ce:inf> → <ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">15/2</ce:inf>). The results showed that the glass doped with 1.0 mol% Dy₂O₃ had the highest emission intensity, confirming that degraded silica gel is a promising alternative to high-purity SiO₂ for producing efficient, luminescent, and environmentally friendly white-light optical materials.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112469
Shuchen Wang, Zhenlin Jia, Desheng Xue, Baotian Pan
EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) spectra of quartz samples, γ-irradiated with varying absorbed doses (0–8000 Gy), were measured at different temperature levels (294–94 K). The temperature dependence of the E1′, Ge, peroxy, Al, and Ti centers was systematically investigated, and a phenomenological model was developed to theoretically explain the temperature saturation phenomenon. The experimental results indicated that the temperature dependence of different paramagnetic centers varies, primarily due to differences in the spin-lattice relaxation processes. Under the limited experimental conditions and temperature range, reliable conclusions regarding the temperature dependence of equivalent dose (DE) could not be drawn. The simulation results demonstrated that DE values obtained at higher temperatures are closer to intrinsic one, while those obtained in the temperature saturation region are questionable. Additionally, measurement recommendations to avoid signal interference were provided by comparing spectra at different temperatures and power levels. In the context of inconsistent spin-lattice relaxation times (T1) among the series aliquots, a more precise characterization of the temperature dependence of T1 is essential for further enhancing dating reliability and presents a challenge for relative quantitative EPR.
{"title":"Temperature-dependent EPR characteristics of quartz paramagnetic centers: Some insights for dating purposes","authors":"Shuchen Wang, Zhenlin Jia, Desheng Xue, Baotian Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112469","url":null,"abstract":"EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) spectra of quartz samples, <mml:math altimg=\"si203.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:math>-irradiated with varying absorbed doses (0–8000 Gy), were measured at different temperature levels (294–94 K). The temperature dependence of the <mml:math altimg=\"si50.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>′</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math>, Ge, peroxy, Al, and Ti centers was systematically investigated, and a phenomenological model was developed to theoretically explain the temperature saturation phenomenon. The experimental results indicated that the temperature dependence of different paramagnetic centers varies, primarily due to differences in the spin-lattice relaxation processes. Under the limited experimental conditions and temperature range, reliable conclusions regarding the temperature dependence of equivalent dose (<mml:math altimg=\"si75.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>) could not be drawn. The simulation results demonstrated that <mml:math altimg=\"si75.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> values obtained at higher temperatures are closer to intrinsic one, while those obtained in the temperature saturation region are questionable. Additionally, measurement recommendations to avoid signal interference were provided by comparing spectra at different temperatures and power levels. In the context of inconsistent spin-lattice relaxation times (<mml:math altimg=\"si134.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>) among the series aliquots, a more precise characterization of the temperature dependence of <mml:math altimg=\"si134.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> is essential for further enhancing dating reliability and presents a challenge for relative quantitative EPR.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112476
Leandro Barbosa da Silva, Carlos Omar Pastrana Orejuela, Lucas Faria da Silva, Jonathan Oliveira dos Santos, Rafael Lima Rodrigues, Alexander Camargo Firmino da Silva, Jardel Lemos Thalhofer, Ademir Xavier da Silva
A set of 8 groups with 239 samples of a total of 49 types of different materials representative of the most commonly used construction materials in low-income dwellings in Brazil was collected from construction materials stores in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The radiometric analysis of the NORMs radionuclides (226Ra, 235U, 232Th, and 40K) in the samples was performed by gamma radiation spectrometry. The results of the specific concentrations of the gamma-ray spectra in the area under investigation using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector with 30% efficiency were 26.0 ± 1.1, 25.3 ± 0.4, and 223 ± 14 Bq kg−1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. The average values are below the world limit of 50, 50, and 500 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. Only the granite, marble, and quartz samples showed measurable values of 235U, and it was below 5 Bq kg−1. The hazard index for gamma radiation due to the use of Brazilian construction materials (IBRA) was formulated. The average IBRA value was 0.23 ± 0.01. The highest average values above 1 in the IBRA were found in sand, bricks, and gravel, due to the high background of the locations where their raw materials were extracted. Most samples presented an effective dose below the permissible limit value of 1.0 mSv y−1. In general, the materials analyzed in this study can be used in dwelling construction without great radiological risk to the health of the inhabitants.
从巴西巴西里约热内卢州的建筑材料商店收集了8组239个样本，共49种不同的材料，代表了巴西低收入住宅中最常用的建筑材料。样品中标准放射性核素（226Ra、235U、232Th和40K）的放射性分析采用伽玛辐射能谱法。使用效率为30%的高纯锗（High pure Germanium, HPGe）探测器，研究区域内226Ra、232Th和40K的伽马射线谱比浓度分别为26.0±1.1、25.3±0.4和223±14 Bq kg−1。226Ra、232Th和40K的平均值分别低于世界限值50、50和500 Bq kg-1。只有花岗岩、大理石和石英样品的235U可测值低于5 Bq kg−1。制定了巴西建筑材料γ辐射危害指数（IBRA）。平均IBRA值为0.23±0.01。在IBRA中，高于1的平均值最高的是沙子、砖块和砾石，因为它们的原材料提取地点的背景高。大多数样品的有效剂量低于1.0 mSv y - 1的允许极限值。总的来说，本研究分析的材料可以用于住宅建筑，对居民的健康没有很大的辐射风险。
{"title":"Radiometric analysis and implementation of a new hazard index (IBRA) for Brazilian construction materials","authors":"Leandro Barbosa da Silva, Carlos Omar Pastrana Orejuela, Lucas Faria da Silva, Jonathan Oliveira dos Santos, Rafael Lima Rodrigues, Alexander Camargo Firmino da Silva, Jardel Lemos Thalhofer, Ademir Xavier da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112476","url":null,"abstract":"A set of 8 groups with 239 samples of a total of 49 types of different materials representative of the most commonly used construction materials in low-income dwellings in Brazil was collected from construction materials stores in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The radiometric analysis of the NORMs radionuclides (<ce:sup loc=\"post\">226</ce:sup>Ra, <ce:sup loc=\"post\">235</ce:sup>U, <ce:sup loc=\"post\">232</ce:sup>Th, and <ce:sup loc=\"post\">40</ce:sup>K) in the samples was performed by gamma radiation spectrometry. The results of the specific concentrations of the gamma-ray spectra in the area under investigation using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector with 30% efficiency were 26.0 ± 1.1, 25.3 ± 0.4, and 223 ± 14 Bq kg<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> for <ce:sup loc=\"post\">226</ce:sup>Ra, <ce:sup loc=\"post\">232</ce:sup>Th, and <ce:sup loc=\"post\">40</ce:sup>K, respectively. The average values are below the world limit of 50, 50, and 500 Bq kg-1 for <ce:sup loc=\"post\">226</ce:sup>Ra, <ce:sup loc=\"post\">232</ce:sup>Th, and <ce:sup loc=\"post\">40</ce:sup>K, respectively. Only the granite, marble, and quartz samples showed measurable values of <ce:sup loc=\"post\">235</ce:sup>U, and it was below 5 Bq kg<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. The hazard index for gamma radiation due to the use of Brazilian construction materials (I<ce:inf loc=\"post\">BRA</ce:inf>) was formulated. The average I<ce:inf loc=\"post\">BRA</ce:inf> value was 0.23 ± 0.01. The highest average values above 1 in the I<ce:inf loc=\"post\">BRA</ce:inf> were found in sand, bricks, and gravel, due to the high background of the locations where their raw materials were extracted. Most samples presented an effective dose below the permissible limit value of 1.0 mSv y<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. In general, the materials analyzed in this study can be used in dwelling construction without great radiological risk to the health of the inhabitants.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112482
Aneta Maria Gójska
This study investigates the K-X-ray spectra of Ag–Cu alloys using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence and Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence spectrometers. The research focuses on the detection limits of silver and copper, induced by a Rhodium X-ray tube, and explores the dependence of these limits on the sample matrix. Various detection limits, such as the Lower Limit of Detection, Instrumental Limit of Detection, Minimum Detectable Limit, Limit of Detection, and Limit of Quantification, are defined and compared. Different Ag–Cu alloys with varying compositions were analyzed, with results indicating that detection limits are significantly influenced by the matrix composition. Calibration lines for silver and copper were established, showing strong linearity for silver and a cubic fit for copper. The validation process, which included accuracy and recovery assessments, confirmed the reliability and precision of the analytical methods used. This study provides valuable insights into the spectroscopic analysis of Ag–Cu alloys, offering a detailed examination of detection limits and validation procedures, which can inform future research and practical applications in related fields.
{"title":"Validation of analytical methods and detection limits in spectroscopic measurements of Ag–Cu alloys","authors":"Aneta Maria Gójska","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112482","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the K-X-ray spectra of Ag–Cu alloys using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence and Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence spectrometers. The research focuses on the detection limits of silver and copper, induced by a Rhodium X-ray tube, and explores the dependence of these limits on the sample matrix. Various detection limits, such as the Lower Limit of Detection, Instrumental Limit of Detection, Minimum Detectable Limit, Limit of Detection, and Limit of Quantification, are defined and compared. Different Ag–Cu alloys with varying compositions were analyzed, with results indicating that detection limits are significantly influenced by the matrix composition. Calibration lines for silver and copper were established, showing strong linearity for silver and a cubic fit for copper. The validation process, which included accuracy and recovery assessments, confirmed the reliability and precision of the analytical methods used. This study provides valuable insights into the spectroscopic analysis of Ag–Cu alloys, offering a detailed examination of detection limits and validation procedures, which can inform future research and practical applications in related fields.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) spectroscopy is now a mainstay in Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) and is applicable across several scientific disciplines requiring high sensitivity for detecting constituent elements in a material. While the technique is well established, the use of conventional broad-band spectrometers limits the ability for X-ray line separation for closely lying characteristic energies. The inability to separate closely lying X-ray lines using standard silicon detectors with resolution >120 eV FWHM (for Mn Kα) especially hinders quantitation in varying applications. One such limitation is the separation of Ag and Cd L-shell X-ray lines, the extraction of which is often needed for accurate concentration measurements. While this limitation may be circumvented by using higher proton energies (>15 MeV) for Ag and Cd K-shell excitation, accurate computation may still be constrained by the lack of X-ray production cross section data, as cross sections predicted by theory are only widely validated up to 3 MeV. The present work demonstrates a simultaneous use of high-resolution and standard PIXE spectroscopy using 2 MeV proton beams for the measurement of relative Ag and Cd L-shell concentration ratios, along with the use of multivariate analysis of PIXE spectral images. Ag and Cd concentration ratios analysed using GUPIXWIN for standard PIXE and a Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (WDX) are compared and discussed.
粒子诱导x射线发射（PIXE）光谱现在是离子束分析（IBA）的支柱，适用于需要高灵敏度检测材料成分元素的几个科学学科。虽然这项技术已经很好地建立起来，但使用传统的宽带光谱仪限制了x射线线分离接近的特征能量的能力。使用分辨率为120 eV FWHM（用于Mn Kα）的标准硅探测器无法分离紧密的x射线线，这尤其阻碍了不同应用中的定量。其中一个限制是银和镉l -壳层x射线线的分离，精确的浓度测量通常需要提取它们。虽然这一限制可以通过使用更高的质子能量（>15 MeV）来激发Ag和Cd k壳层来规避，但由于缺乏x射线产生截面数据，精确的计算可能仍然受到限制，因为理论预测的截面仅在3 MeV以下得到广泛验证。目前的工作展示了同时使用高分辨率和标准的pxie光谱，使用2 MeV质子束来测量相对Ag和Cd的l -壳浓度比，以及使用pxie光谱图像的多元分析。用GUPIXWIN对标准x射线光谱仪和波长色散x射线光谱仪（WDX）分析银和镉的浓度比进行了比较和讨论。
{"title":"Analysis of Cd and Ag clusters by concurrent standard and high-resolution micro-PIXE spectroscopy","authors":"Iva Božičević Mihalić, Anja Mioković, Masedi Carington Masekane, Stjepko Fazinić","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112480","url":null,"abstract":"Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) spectroscopy is now a mainstay in Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) and is applicable across several scientific disciplines requiring high sensitivity for detecting constituent elements in a material. While the technique is well established, the use of conventional broad-band spectrometers limits the ability for X-ray line separation for closely lying characteristic energies. The inability to separate closely lying X-ray lines using standard silicon detectors with resolution >120 eV FWHM (for Mn Kα) especially hinders quantitation in varying applications. One such limitation is the separation of Ag and Cd L-shell X-ray lines, the extraction of which is often needed for accurate concentration measurements. While this limitation may be circumvented by using higher proton energies (>15 MeV) for Ag and Cd K-shell excitation, accurate computation may still be constrained by the lack of X-ray production cross section data, as cross sections predicted by theory are only widely validated up to 3 MeV. The present work demonstrates a simultaneous use of high-resolution and standard PIXE spectroscopy using 2 MeV proton beams for the measurement of relative Ag and Cd L-shell concentration ratios, along with the use of multivariate analysis of PIXE spectral images. Ag and Cd concentration ratios analysed using GUPIXWIN for standard PIXE and a Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (WDX) are compared and discussed.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-guided proton therapy has advanced significantly in pre-clinical stages. This study investigates the potential of multifunctional theranostic magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to enhance radiation dose while serving as MRI contrast agents. We propose MNP@Au nanoparticles, consisting of a magnetic core coated with a gold (Au) layer, and aim to optimize the Au layer thickness to maximize dose enhancement during proton therapy while preserving magnetic properties.
{"title":"Optimization of the gold layer in multifunctional theranostic core-shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNP@Au) for radiation dose enhancement in an MRI-guided proton therapy system: A Monte Carlo simulation","authors":"Mohammadreza Parishan, Rasool Safari, Maryam Bordbar, Zahra Rakeb, Reza Faghihi","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112477","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-guided proton therapy has advanced significantly in pre-clinical stages. This study investigates the potential of multifunctional theranostic magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to enhance radiation dose while serving as MRI contrast agents. We propose MNP@Au nanoparticles, consisting of a magnetic core coated with a gold (Au) layer, and aim to optimize the Au layer thickness to maximize dose enhancement during proton therapy while preserving magnetic properties.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：