Vanessa K. Peterson, Matteo Bianchini, Karena W. Chapman, Martina Elice, David Brynn Hibbert, Paul Roche, Luigi Silvano, Lorenzo Stievano
The use of Latin origin terms, relevant for sample characterization modalities, is described with a focus on samples under controlled conditions, samples within devices, and samples during physico-chemical evolution. The terms in vitro, in vivo, in situ, ab initio, in silico, post mortem, ex situ, posthumous, in vacuo, (in) operando, post facto, and ex post facto, as used in the scientific literature, are considered. Uses of the Latin origin terms in situ, extra situm, in operando, in vivo, in vacuo, in vitro, extra vivum, post facto and ex post facto, ab initiis, computatro, and post mortem are discussed. It is suggested that these terms are to be used without hyphenation and that all Latin derived terms are set in italic font.
介绍了与样品表征模式相关的拉丁语术语的使用，重点是受控条件下的样品、设备中的样品以及物理化学演变过程中的样品。文中考虑了科学文献中使用的体外、体内、原位、起始、硅学、死后、原位、死后、真空（in vacuo）、（in）操作（operando）、事后（post facto）和事后（ex post facto）等术语。还讨论了拉丁源术语 in situ、extra situm、in operando、in vivo、in vacuo、in vitro、extra vivum、post facto 和 ex post facto、ab initiis、computatro 和 post mortem 的用法。建议使用这些术语时不加连字符，所有拉丁文派生术语均用斜体字。
{"title":"Terms of Latin origin relating to sample characterization (IUPAC Technical Report)","authors":"Vanessa K. Peterson, Matteo Bianchini, Karena W. Chapman, Martina Elice, David Brynn Hibbert, Paul Roche, Luigi Silvano, Lorenzo Stievano","doi":"10.1515/pac-2022-1103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2022-1103","url":null,"abstract":"The use of Latin origin terms, relevant for sample characterization modalities, is described with a focus on samples under controlled conditions, samples within devices, and samples during physico-chemical evolution. The terms <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ab initio</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>in silico</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>post mortem</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ex situ</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>posthumous</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>in vacuo</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>(in) operando</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>post facto</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>ex post facto</jats:italic>, as used in the scientific literature, are considered. Uses of the Latin origin terms <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>extra situm</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>in operando</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>in vacuo</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>extra vivum</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>post facto</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ex post facto</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ab initiis</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>computatro</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>post mortem</jats:italic> are discussed. It is suggested that these terms are to be used without hyphenation and that all Latin derived terms are set in italic font.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fotis Bilias, Divine Damertey Sewu, Seung Han Woo, Ioannis Anastopoulos, Frank Verheijen, Johannes Lehmann, Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira, Dionisios Gasparatos, Kathleen Draper, Dimitrios Kalderis
Biochar is the solid carbonaceous product of biomass pyrolysis. The properties of biochar depend on the biomass feedstock as well as the pyrolysis temperature and time. Therefore, biochars with different properties and functionalities can be produced. Biochar research has been intensive in the past 15 years, focusing mainly on soil applications, wastewater treatment, and contaminant remediation. However, a formal definition of biochar and related terms is missing, which hinders the standardization of scientific results worldwide and the scaling-up of research at the industrial level. Furthermore, an official terminology may promote the development of a harmonized legal framework for biochar production and applications, both at regional and national levels. This glossary of terms consists of 178 scientifically sound definitions of the most commonly used terms in biochar research. The definitions of this glossary are interconnected, allowing the reader to further explore the synergies between terms. The distribution of terms reflects the multidisciplinarity of biochar research: chemistry, material science and engineering, and soil science are the main disciplines represented here. The list of terms is by no means exhaustive and the strategic objective of this effort is to develop a dynamic document in which more terms will be added in the future, and the existing ones will be refined, as biochar research evolves.
{"title":"Glossary of terms used in biochar research (IUPAC Technical Report)","authors":"Fotis Bilias, Divine Damertey Sewu, Seung Han Woo, Ioannis Anastopoulos, Frank Verheijen, Johannes Lehmann, Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira, Dionisios Gasparatos, Kathleen Draper, Dimitrios Kalderis","doi":"10.1515/pac-2021-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2021-0106","url":null,"abstract":"Biochar is the solid carbonaceous product of biomass pyrolysis. The properties of biochar depend on the biomass feedstock as well as the pyrolysis temperature and time. Therefore, biochars with different properties and functionalities can be produced. Biochar research has been intensive in the past 15 years, focusing mainly on soil applications, wastewater treatment, and contaminant remediation. However, a formal definition of biochar and related terms is missing, which hinders the standardization of scientific results worldwide and the scaling-up of research at the industrial level. Furthermore, an official terminology may promote the development of a harmonized legal framework for biochar production and applications, both at regional and national levels. This glossary of terms consists of 178 scientifically sound definitions of the most commonly used terms in biochar research. The definitions of this glossary are interconnected, allowing the reader to further explore the synergies between terms. The distribution of terms reflects the multidisciplinarity of biochar research: chemistry, material science and engineering, and soil science are the main disciplines represented here. The list of terms is by no means exhaustive and the strategic objective of this effort is to develop a dynamic document in which more terms will be added in the future, and the existing ones will be refined, as biochar research evolves.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Perovskites materials, due to their peculiar electronic and ionic properties, play a key role in the development of hydrogen-based technologies. Their flexible structure enables an easy tuning of various physical-chemical characteristics, such as ionic and electronic conductivity and redox active sites concentration, fundamental for these applications. Moreover, the same structure can exhibit different properties that can synergically act to improve the performance of the material for a specific application.
{"title":"Perovskite: a key structure for a sustainable hydrogen economy","authors":"Alessandra Sanson","doi":"10.1515/pac-2023-1016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-1016","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskites materials, due to their peculiar electronic and ionic properties, play a key role in the development of hydrogen-based technologies. Their flexible structure enables an easy tuning of various physical-chemical characteristics, such as ionic and electronic conductivity and redox active sites concentration, fundamental for these applications. Moreover, the same structure can exhibit different properties that can synergically act to improve the performance of the material for a specific application.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This preface introduces the proceedings of the African Early Career Chemists Workshop & 8th Annual Symposium of the American Chemical Society (ACS), Nigeria International Chapter, which was held both virtually and onsite from June 4th to 8th, 2023. This special issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry (PAC) journal includes 8 manuscripts covering a range of topics from pure to applied chemistry.
{"title":"African Early Career Chemists Workshop & 8th Annual Symposium of the American Chemical Society, Nigeria International Chapter 2023","authors":"Nnanake-Abasi O. Offiong, Akwaowo I. Inyangudoh","doi":"10.1515/pac-2024-2005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2024-2005","url":null,"abstract":"This preface introduces the proceedings of the African Early Career Chemists Workshop & 8th Annual Symposium of the American Chemical Society (ACS), Nigeria International Chapter, which was held both virtually and onsite from June 4th to 8th, 2023. This special issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry (PAC) journal includes 8 manuscripts covering a range of topics from pure to applied chemistry.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabrizio Malaspina, Federica D’Aloise, Marco Pazzi, Vincenzo Bennardo
The background and current studies in the area of fire investigation at the Turin Fire Department’s Forensic Laboratory. It is uncommon to find an investigation facility, and even less often within fire brigade headquarters, that uses GC-MS and GC-TOF extensively to look for accelerants. During 16 years of intense effort, the Turin Fire Department in Italy accomplished various research projects on the identification of flame accelerants and more in fire residues. This collaborative effort between academics and firefighters is unique. It is based on the perspectives of individuals who often fight fires before going on to investigation. The article will outline the study that was done, explain how advances in instrumentation have produced ever-better outcomes and the next steps in the foreseeable future.
{"title":"Fire fighters and mass spectrometry: from the world of combustion to the molecular ion","authors":"Fabrizio Malaspina, Federica D’Aloise, Marco Pazzi, Vincenzo Bennardo","doi":"10.1515/pac-2024-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2024-0020","url":null,"abstract":"The background and current studies in the area of fire investigation at the Turin Fire Department’s Forensic Laboratory. It is uncommon to find an investigation facility, and even less often within fire brigade headquarters, that uses GC-MS and GC-TOF extensively to look for accelerants. During 16 years of intense effort, the Turin Fire Department in Italy accomplished various research projects on the identification of flame accelerants and more in fire residues. This collaborative effort between academics and firefighters is unique. It is based on the perspectives of individuals who often fight fires before going on to investigation. The article will outline the study that was done, explain how advances in instrumentation have produced ever-better outcomes and the next steps in the foreseeable future.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"178 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The reactions of trans-[PtX2(pic)2] (pic = γ-picoline, X = Cl−, NO3−) with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (acSH) and glutathione (GSH) were monitored and followed by 1H and 195Pt NMR. In the reaction of trans-[Pt(pic)2(D2O)2](NO3)2 with acSH, in the 195Pt NMR spectra, the most intense peak observed was trans-[Pt(pic)2(acS)}2(µ-acS)]+ (3). The intermediate product which was not clearly seen in the spectra was formulated as trans-[Pt (pic)2(acS)(D2O)]+ (2), with the weaker peak one as trans-[Pt(pic)2(acS)2] (1). With GSH, the main product observed was trans-[Pt(pic)2(GS)2] (4), while the intermediate product was not observed during this study. In the reactions of trans-[PtCl2(pic)2] with acSH, besides complexes 1 and 3 formed, the formation of trans-[Pt(pic)2Cl(acS)] (6) was also observed in the NMR spectra, while when it was reacted with GSH, followed a similar course to that of with acSH, but more slowly.
{"title":"Reactions of trans-[PtX2(pic)2] (Pic = γ-PICOLINE, X = Cl−, NO3 −) with N-acetyl-l-cysteine and glutathione","authors":"Sutopo Hadi, Noviany Noviany, Yandri Yandri","doi":"10.1515/pac-2023-1206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-1206","url":null,"abstract":"The reactions of <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>-[PtX<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(pic)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>] (pic = γ-picoline, X = Cl<jats:sup>−</jats:sup>, NO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> <jats:sup>−</jats:sup>) with N-acetyl-<jats:sc>l</jats:sc>-cysteine (acSH) and glutathione (GSH) were monitored and followed by <jats:sup>1</jats:sup>H and <jats:sup>195</jats:sup>Pt NMR. In the reaction of <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>-[Pt(pic)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(D<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>](NO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> with acSH, in the <jats:sup>195</jats:sup>Pt NMR spectra, the most intense peak observed was <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>-[Pt(pic)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(acS)}<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(µ-acS)]<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> (3). The intermediate product which was not clearly seen in the spectra was formulated as <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>-[Pt (pic)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(acS)(D<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O)]<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> (2), with the weaker peak one as <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>-[Pt(pic)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(acS)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>] (1). With GSH, the main product observed was <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>-[Pt(pic)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(GS)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>] (4), while the intermediate product was not observed during this study. In the reactions of <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>-[PtCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(pic)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>] with acSH, besides complexes 1 and 3 formed, the formation of <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>-[Pt(pic)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>Cl(acS)] (6) was also observed in the NMR spectra, while when it was reacted with GSH, followed a similar course to that of with acSH, but more slowly.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141514692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thien Vuong Nguyen, Truc Vy Do, Thu Ha Hoang, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Le Trong Lu, Thi Mat Le, Thanh Minh Pham, Raa Khimi Shuib, Dai Lam Tran
The purpose of this work is to fabricate the advanced organic antibacterial coating containing the strong photocatalytic nanomaterials. For this purpose, firstly the TiO2–Ag hybrid nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical reduction method. Then, the antibacterial coating based on acrylic polyol, polyisocyanate, and these TiO2–Ag hybrid nanoparticles has been prepared. Mechanical properties show that the optimal content of TiO2–Ag hybrid nanoparticles in the coating matrix is 2 wt%, with its abrasion resistance of 166.2 L/mil; impact strength of 195 kg cm; adhesion of size #1 and relative hardness of 0.78. In addition, FE-SEM analysis shows that the nanocomposite coating has a tight structure with homogeneous dispersion of TiO2–Ag nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. The paint film has good antibacterial activity and has great application prospects. Data from the antibacterial test indicates that in the presence of an acrylic polyurethane coating containing 2 wt% TiO2–Ag, the number of viable Escherichia coli decreased from 3.4 × 105 CFU/ml to 1.5 × 102 CFU/ml after 24 h of culture.
{"title":"An antimicrobial acrylic polyurethane coating with TiO2-Ag hybrid nanoparticles","authors":"Thien Vuong Nguyen, Truc Vy Do, Thu Ha Hoang, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Le Trong Lu, Thi Mat Le, Thanh Minh Pham, Raa Khimi Shuib, Dai Lam Tran","doi":"10.1515/pac-2024-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2024-0019","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to fabricate the advanced organic antibacterial coating containing the strong photocatalytic nanomaterials. For this purpose, firstly the TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>–Ag hybrid nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical reduction method. Then, the antibacterial coating based on acrylic polyol, polyisocyanate, and these TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>–Ag hybrid nanoparticles has been prepared. Mechanical properties show that the optimal content of TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>–Ag hybrid nanoparticles in the coating matrix is 2 wt%, with its abrasion resistance of 166.2 L/mil; impact strength of 195 kg cm; adhesion of size #1 and relative hardness of 0.78. In addition, FE-SEM analysis shows that the nanocomposite coating has a tight structure with homogeneous dispersion of TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>–Ag nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. The paint film has good antibacterial activity and has great application prospects. Data from the antibacterial test indicates that in the presence of an acrylic polyurethane coating containing 2 wt% TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>–Ag, the number of viable <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> decreased from 3.4 × 10<jats:sup>5</jats:sup> CFU/ml to 1.5 × 10<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> CFU/ml after 24 h of culture.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"331 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regarding economic significance, the Dioscoreaceae family, which includes the well-known Dioscorea (yam) species, is the fourth most important tuber crop globally. A basic meal found all across the world, yams encourage and ensure the food security of households. Although they are challenging to preserve and store however a post-harvest deterioration control must be developed. Over the years, Nigerian farmers have employed medicinal herbs to manage post-harvest pest invasion; nevertheless, the scientific basis for this fungal management has not yet been well documented. As a result, Landolphia owarensis leaf extract was used as a biological control, and fungi were isolated from Dioscorea cayenensis, Dioscorea alata, and Discorea rotundata. Samples of yam tubers – both rotten and healthy – were procured in the markets and brought to the lab for fungus isolation and identification. Leaves of Landolphia oweriensis were collected, air-dried, milled, and macerated in pure methanol for 72 h, extracted and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. The agar-well diffusion method was used for the biological control assay against the fungal isolates. The biological control results were presented as mean ± SD (standard deviation) while analysis of variance (Anova) was used to deduce least significant difference (LSD). A total number of 605 fungi isolates were observed in which D. cayenensis had the highest, 50.58 %, D. alata and Discorea rotundata 24.71 % respectively. Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus were found in the three species while Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus stolonifer, Collentotricum spp. and Penicillium spp. in either of the species. L. owarensis methanolic leaves extracts possesses biological potentials against Colletotrium spp., A. fumigatus, A. niger and A. flavus only. The problem of postharvest fungal invasion of Dioscorea species can be solved with the inhibition observed with L. owarensis methanolic leaves extracts as a biological control measure thereby sustaining food security in the world.
{"title":"Biological potentials of Landolphia owariensis leaf methanolic extract against pathogenic fungi isolates from different Dioscorea species","authors":"Olaitan C. Okechukwu, Enitan O. Adesanya","doi":"10.1515/pac-2023-1129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-1129","url":null,"abstract":"Regarding economic significance, the Dioscoreaceae family, which includes the well-known Dioscorea (yam) species, is the fourth most important tuber crop globally. A basic meal found all across the world, yams encourage and ensure the food security of households. Although they are challenging to preserve and store however a post-harvest deterioration control must be developed. Over the years, Nigerian farmers have employed medicinal herbs to manage post-harvest pest invasion; nevertheless, the scientific basis for this fungal management has not yet been well documented. As a result, <jats:italic>Landolphia owarensis</jats:italic> leaf extract was used as a biological control, and fungi were isolated from <jats:italic>Dioscorea cayenensis</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Dioscorea alata</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Discorea rotundata</jats:italic>. Samples of yam tubers – both rotten and healthy – were procured in the markets and brought to the lab for fungus isolation and identification. Leaves of <jats:italic>Landolphia oweriensis</jats:italic> were collected, air-dried, milled, and macerated in pure methanol for 72 h, extracted and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. The agar-well diffusion method was used for the biological control assay against the fungal isolates. The biological control results were presented as mean ± SD (standard deviation) while analysis of variance (Anova) was used to deduce least significant difference (LSD). A total number of 605 fungi isolates were observed in which <jats:italic>D</jats:italic>. <jats:italic>cayenensis</jats:italic> had the highest, 50.58 %, <jats:italic>D. alata</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Discorea rotundata</jats:italic> 24.71 % respectively. <jats:italic>Aspergillus niger</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus</jats:italic> were found in the three species while <jats:italic>Aspergillus flavus</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Rhizopus stolonifer</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Collentotricum spp</jats:italic>. and <jats:italic>Penicillium spp</jats:italic>. in either of the species. <jats:italic>L. owarensis</jats:italic> methanolic leaves extracts possesses biological potentials against <jats:italic>Colletotrium spp., A. fumigatus</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>A. niger</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>A. flavus</jats:italic> only. The problem of postharvest fungal invasion of <jats:italic>Dioscorea</jats:italic> species can be solved with the inhibition observed with <jats:italic>L. owarensis</jats:italic> methanolic leaves extracts as a biological control measure thereby sustaining food security in the world.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuan Anh Nguyen, Thu Ha Hoang, Truc Vy Do, Thien Vuong Nguyen, Thi My Hanh Trinh, Minh Nguyet Ha, Khanh Linh Duong, Le Trong Lu, Raa Khimi Shuib, Dai Lam Tran
This work aims to fabricate the antibacterial coating with green biocide successfully. For this purpose, mimosa tannins were acylated with lauroyl chloride’s aid and pyridine’s support as a catalyst in the 1,4-dioxane, hexane and xylene solvents. Infrared analysis showed that mimosa tannins synthesized in the 1,4-dioxane were acylated better than in the other two solvents. FE-SEM analysis of the paint film showed that the acylated mimosa tannins at a content of 5 % dispersed quite well in the polymer matrix. The results of analyzing the mechanical properties of the paint film containing acylated mimosa tannins with contents ≤5 % show that the mechanical properties of the paint film are only slightly reduced compared to the mechanical properties of the pure coating, reaching the values: adhesion of size #1; abrasion resistance of 132.8 L/mil; impact strength of 170 kg cm and a relative hardness of 0.78. Antibacterial testing shows that the paint film containing 5 wt% acylated mimosa tannins have good antibacterial activity.
{"title":"Producing an antibacterial acrylic polyurethane coating with acylated mimosa tannins","authors":"Tuan Anh Nguyen, Thu Ha Hoang, Truc Vy Do, Thien Vuong Nguyen, Thi My Hanh Trinh, Minh Nguyet Ha, Khanh Linh Duong, Le Trong Lu, Raa Khimi Shuib, Dai Lam Tran","doi":"10.1515/pac-2024-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to fabricate the antibacterial coating with green biocide successfully. For this purpose, mimosa tannins were acylated with lauroyl chloride’s aid and pyridine’s support as a catalyst in the 1,4-dioxane, hexane and xylene solvents. Infrared analysis showed that mimosa tannins synthesized in the 1,4-dioxane were acylated better than in the other two solvents. FE-SEM analysis of the paint film showed that the acylated mimosa tannins at a content of 5 % dispersed quite well in the polymer matrix. The results of analyzing the mechanical properties of the paint film containing acylated mimosa tannins with contents ≤5 % show that the mechanical properties of the paint film are only slightly reduced compared to the mechanical properties of the pure coating, reaching the values: adhesion of size #1; abrasion resistance of 132.8 L/mil; impact strength of 170 kg cm and a relative hardness of 0.78. Antibacterial testing shows that the paint film containing 5 wt% acylated mimosa tannins have good antibacterial activity.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mycotoxins are common contaminants in food and feed in Africa, and their occurrence presents negative health and economic impacts. One step towards control is the adoption of highly efficient extraction methods for effective monitoring. QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) has gained popularity among researchers for multiple mycotoxin analyses. Various modifications of the original QuEChERS method have emerged as means to achieve maximum mycotoxin recoveries from different matrices, such as cereals, animal feed, nuts, edible oils, and spices. This review provides a summary of the occurrence of multiple mycotoxins in Africa as well as a summary of the QuEChERS modifications done to increase the extraction of mycotoxins from food and feed samples.
{"title":"Current advances in QuEChERS extraction of mycotoxins in various food and feed matrices","authors":"Mesha Mbisana, Dikabo Mogopodi, Inonge Chibua","doi":"10.1515/pac-2023-1133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2023-1133","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotoxins are common contaminants in food and feed in Africa, and their occurrence presents negative health and economic impacts. One step towards control is the adoption of highly efficient extraction methods for effective monitoring. QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) has gained popularity among researchers for multiple mycotoxin analyses. Various modifications of the original QuEChERS method have emerged as means to achieve maximum mycotoxin recoveries from different matrices, such as cereals, animal feed, nuts, edible oils, and spices. This review provides a summary of the occurrence of multiple mycotoxins in Africa as well as a summary of the QuEChERS modifications done to increase the extraction of mycotoxins from food and feed samples.","PeriodicalId":20911,"journal":{"name":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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