Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109751
Nayeli Pérez-Rodríguez , Juan Morales , Isabel Israde-Alcántara , Gabriela Domínguez-Vázquez , Miguel Cervantes-Solano , Avto Goguitchaichvili
Sedimentary lake sequences provide a database of Earth magnetic field variations, preserving information about its direction and intensity over time. Their (semi)continuous nature offers a distinct advantage over discrete geomagnetic records by enabling the development of high-resolution regional paleomagnetic curves. In this study, we present results of magnetic mineralogy and geomagnetic field variations from a 9.6-m-long sediment core retrieved from Lake Cuitzeo, Mexico, covering the past ∼40,000 years. Using a multiproxy approach that integrates rock magnetic and lithological analyses, supported by radiocarbon dating, we identify a previously reported geomagnetic instability zone between 19 and 24 kyr, along with potential records of geomagnetic excursions within the Brunhes normal polarity chron. Ninety-five new inclination values are provided, representing a significant addition to the existing paleomagnetic dataset for Mexico. Finally, we discuss relative paleointensity estimates derived from normalization techniques.
{"title":"An upper Pleistocene to present geomagnetic field record from Lake Cuitzeo (Central-Western Mexico)","authors":"Nayeli Pérez-Rodríguez , Juan Morales , Isabel Israde-Alcántara , Gabriela Domínguez-Vázquez , Miguel Cervantes-Solano , Avto Goguitchaichvili","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sedimentary lake sequences provide a database of Earth magnetic field variations, preserving information about its direction and intensity over time. Their (semi)continuous nature offers a distinct advantage over discrete geomagnetic records by enabling the development of high-resolution regional paleomagnetic curves. In this study, we present results of magnetic mineralogy and geomagnetic field variations from a 9.6-m-long sediment core retrieved from Lake Cuitzeo, Mexico, covering the past ∼40,000 years. Using a multiproxy approach that integrates rock magnetic and lithological analyses, supported by radiocarbon dating, we identify a previously reported geomagnetic instability zone between 19 and 24 kyr, along with potential records of geomagnetic excursions within the Brunhes normal polarity chron. Ninety-five new inclination values are provided, representing a significant addition to the existing paleomagnetic dataset for Mexico. Finally, we discuss relative paleointensity estimates derived from normalization techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 109751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109756
Quanlian Li , Xiaobo Wu , Huan Yang , Shichang Kang , Ninglian Wang , Fengteng Wang , Yuan Yao , Shijin Wang , Tanuj Shukla , Wasim Sajjad , Yao Li , Jingquan Wu , Xiang Jin
Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are unique microbial membrane lipids widely preserved in geological archives. However, their occurrence and behavior in glacial environments remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze GDGTs in cryoconite samples from seven glaciers across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) to investigate their distribution, explore their biological origins, identify the environmental controls on their distribution, and evaluate their potential as paleoenvironmental proxies. The results reveal that archaeal-derived isoprenoid GDGTs (isoGDGTs) dominate in glaciers characterized by low mean annual precipitation (MAP) and higher cryoconite pH, whereas bacterial-derived branched GDGTs (brGDGTs) are more abundant in glaciers with higher MAP and lower pH. BrGDGTs-inferred pH values closely align with measured cryoconite pH values at each glacier, indicating substantial in situ production. Temperature reconstructions based on brGDGTs match more closely with mean summer air temperature (MST) than with WorldClim-derived mean annual air temperature (MAAT), suggesting that brGDGTs in cryoconites primarily reflect warm season air temperature on the TP glaciers. These results affirm the potential of GDGTs as valuable proxies for reconstructing past glacial environments, while also highlight the necessity to develop region-specific calibrations to improve the reliability and accuracy of cryospheric paleoenvironmental reconstructions.
{"title":"Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) in cryoconites of the Tibetan Plateau Glaciers: Environmental controls and proxy implications","authors":"Quanlian Li , Xiaobo Wu , Huan Yang , Shichang Kang , Ninglian Wang , Fengteng Wang , Yuan Yao , Shijin Wang , Tanuj Shukla , Wasim Sajjad , Yao Li , Jingquan Wu , Xiang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are unique microbial membrane lipids widely preserved in geological archives. However, their occurrence and behavior in glacial environments remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze GDGTs in cryoconite samples from seven glaciers across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) to investigate their distribution, explore their biological origins, identify the environmental controls on their distribution, and evaluate their potential as paleoenvironmental proxies. The results reveal that archaeal-derived isoprenoid GDGTs (isoGDGTs) dominate in glaciers characterized by low mean annual precipitation (MAP) and higher cryoconite pH, whereas bacterial-derived branched GDGTs (brGDGTs) are more abundant in glaciers with higher MAP and lower pH. BrGDGTs-inferred pH values closely align with measured cryoconite pH values at each glacier, indicating substantial <em>in situ</em> production. Temperature reconstructions based on brGDGTs match more closely with mean summer air temperature (MST) than with WorldClim-derived mean annual air temperature (MAAT), suggesting that brGDGTs in cryoconites primarily reflect warm season air temperature on the TP glaciers. These results affirm the potential of GDGTs as valuable proxies for reconstructing past glacial environments, while also highlight the necessity to develop region-specific calibrations to improve the reliability and accuracy of cryospheric paleoenvironmental reconstructions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 109756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109744
Sarah Barakat , Elodie-Laure Jimenez , Raija Katarina Heikkilä , Aurélien Royer , Jamie Hodgkins , Laura Niven , Marie-Cécile Soulier , Susan Lagle , Christelle Dancette , Teresa E. Steele , Jean-Christophe Castel , Shannon McPherron , Jean-Jacques Hublin , Karen Ruebens , Emmanuel Discamps , Kate Britton
Understanding prey species spatial behaviour is key to unravelling contemporary hunter-gatherer subsistence and movement patterns. Here, we use sulfur (δ34S), carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope compositions of bone collagen extracted from Rangifer, Equus, Bovinae, Capreolus, and Cervus (n = 244) to explore isotope spatial and dietary niches of several key hunter-gatherer prey species from three Late Pleistocene sites in southwestern France between MIS 5 and MIS 3. Alongside morphological identification, Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) was used to confirm deer taxa (n = 125) allowing for a better interpretation of the isotopic data. δ34S analysis identifies differences in ranging sizes between ungulates with known large ranging sizes from those with small to medium size ranges. Rangifer, who, today, have large home ranges, have the largest range of δ34S values and lowest δ34S values with low to no overlap with other ungulate species through time. This indicates that Rangifer had a larger range size with a distinct isotopic area that is different to other ungulates, potentially farther inland and farther north. Bovines and Equus have largely overlapping δ34S values that are similar to the modern local δ34S value of the sites, and Cervus and Capreolus have δ34S values that overlap but are slightly higher than the modern δ34S values, potentially indicating a ranging area to the west of the sites. These results reveal that Neanderthals hunted three different groups of game who occupied different areas of the landscape.
{"title":"Sulfur isotopes evidence spatial ecology of Late Pleistocene ungulates in southwestern France","authors":"Sarah Barakat , Elodie-Laure Jimenez , Raija Katarina Heikkilä , Aurélien Royer , Jamie Hodgkins , Laura Niven , Marie-Cécile Soulier , Susan Lagle , Christelle Dancette , Teresa E. Steele , Jean-Christophe Castel , Shannon McPherron , Jean-Jacques Hublin , Karen Ruebens , Emmanuel Discamps , Kate Britton","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding prey species spatial behaviour is key to unravelling contemporary hunter-gatherer subsistence and movement patterns. Here, we use sulfur (<em>δ</em><sup>34</sup>S), carbon (<em>δ</em> <sup>13</sup>C) and nitrogen (<em>δ</em> <sup>15</sup>N) isotope compositions of bone collagen extracted from <em>Rangifer, Equus,</em> Bovinae<em>, Capreolus,</em> and <em>Cervus</em> (<em>n</em> = 244) to explore isotope spatial and dietary niches of several key hunter-gatherer prey species from three Late Pleistocene sites in southwestern France between MIS 5 and MIS 3. Alongside morphological identification, Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) was used to confirm deer taxa (<em>n</em> = 125) allowing for a better interpretation of the isotopic data. <em>δ</em><sup>34</sup>S analysis identifies differences in ranging sizes between ungulates with known large ranging sizes from those with small to medium size ranges. <em>Rangifer</em>, who, today, have large home ranges, have the largest range of <em>δ</em><sup>34</sup>S values and lowest <em>δ</em><sup>34</sup>S values with low to no overlap with other ungulate species through time. This indicates that <em>Rangifer</em> had a larger range size with a distinct isotopic area that is different to other ungulates, potentially farther inland and farther north. Bovines and <em>Equus</em> have largely overlapping <em>δ</em><sup>34</sup>S values that are similar to the modern local <em>δ</em><sup>34</sup>S value of the sites, and <em>Cervus</em> and <em>Capreolus</em> have <em>δ</em><sup>34</sup>S values that overlap but are slightly higher than the modern <em>δ</em><sup>34</sup>S values, potentially indicating a ranging area to the west of the sites. These results reveal that Neanderthals hunted three different groups of game who occupied different areas of the landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"374 ","pages":"Article 109744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109724
Marissa Vink , Jennifer N. Leichliter , Daniel R. Green , Sven Brömme , Théo Tacail , Lutz Kindler , Wil Roebroeks , Sabine Gaudzinski-Windheuser , Gerald H. Haug , Hubert B. Vonhof , Alfredo Martínez-García , Thomas Tütken , Tina Lüdecke
Reconstructing the climate of central Europe during the Eemian serves a dual purpose. First, the Eemian represents the most recent pre-Holocene period of widespread climate warming, and its vegetation structure offers a potential natural baseline for temperate European vegetation, as it was unaffected by large-scale anthropogenic alterations. Second, because Neanderthals lived in Europe during this period, understanding the climate provides insights into their environmental adaptations.
Here we examined seasonal climate variation at a sub-annual scale during the early Eemian (ca. 121 ± 5 ka) by analyzing oxygen isotopes (δ18OCO3) in tooth enamel of 14 serially sampled equid third molars from the Neanderthal occupation site of Neumark-Nord 2 (NN2), Germany. These specimens were retrieved from find level NN2/2B, which spans less than 500 years. Stable carbon (δ13CCO3) and mineral-bound nitrogen isotopes (δ15Nmb) were measured in the same enamel aliquots to assess seasonal influences on diet.
Intra-tooth δ18OCO3 values show clear sinusoidal seasonal patterns, indicating mean annual temperatures of 11 ± 1 °C, which are closely aligned with previously published Eemian estimates and slightly higher than present-day values. However, modeled water δ18O suggest stronger seasonal contrasts than today, with summers ∼5 °C warmer and similar winter conditions. δ13CCO3 values indicate a semi-open habitat and more annual precipitation than today. Notably, δ13CCO3 and δ15Nmb values show no seasonal variation, implying stable year-round equid diets and consistent plant availability despite pronounced climate seasonality.
{"title":"Eemian climate seasonality reconstructed from intra-tooth oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen stable isotopes in equid enamel from Neumark-Nord 2, Germany","authors":"Marissa Vink , Jennifer N. Leichliter , Daniel R. Green , Sven Brömme , Théo Tacail , Lutz Kindler , Wil Roebroeks , Sabine Gaudzinski-Windheuser , Gerald H. Haug , Hubert B. Vonhof , Alfredo Martínez-García , Thomas Tütken , Tina Lüdecke","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reconstructing the climate of central Europe during the Eemian serves a dual purpose. First, the Eemian represents the most recent pre-Holocene period of widespread climate warming, and its vegetation structure offers a potential natural baseline for temperate European vegetation, as it was unaffected by large-scale anthropogenic alterations. Second, because Neanderthals lived in Europe during this period, understanding the climate provides insights into their environmental adaptations.</div><div>Here we examined seasonal climate variation at a sub-annual scale during the early Eemian (ca. 121 ± 5 ka) by analyzing oxygen isotopes (δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>CO3</sub>) in tooth enamel of 14 serially sampled equid third molars from the Neanderthal occupation site of Neumark-Nord 2 (NN2), Germany. These specimens were retrieved from find level NN2/2B, which spans less than 500 years. Stable carbon (δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>CO3</sub>) and mineral-bound nitrogen isotopes (δ<sup>15</sup>N<sub>mb</sub>) were measured in the same enamel aliquots to assess seasonal influences on diet.</div><div>Intra-tooth δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>CO3</sub> values show clear sinusoidal seasonal patterns, indicating mean annual temperatures of 11 ± 1 °C, which are closely aligned with previously published Eemian estimates and slightly higher than present-day values. However, modeled water δ<sup>18</sup>O suggest stronger seasonal contrasts than today, with summers ∼5 °C warmer and similar winter conditions. δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>CO3</sub> values indicate a semi-open habitat and more annual precipitation than today. Notably, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>CO3</sub> and δ<sup>15</sup>N<sub>mb</sub> values show no seasonal variation, implying stable year-round equid diets and consistent plant availability despite pronounced climate seasonality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"373 ","pages":"Article 109724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109750
Mariliis Eensalu , Nathan D. Stansell , Tomi P. Luoto , Anna Buczynska , Anneli Poska , Jaanus Terasmaa , Tiit Vaasma , Egert Vandel , Eric S. Klein , Ansis Blaus , Siim Veski , Daniel B. Nelson
Understanding how past climate variability and human activity shaped northern European landscapes is essential for interpreting present-day environmental change. However, high-resolution Holocene records that capture both climatic and anthropogenic signals in small lake catchments remain relatively scarce in the eastern Baltic region. This study addresses that gap by reconstructing Holocene climate and environmental dynamics from the sedimentary material of Lake Pangodi, a semi-closed basin in southern Estonia. We present a multi-proxy reconstruction of Holocene climate and environmental change based on stable isotope geochemistry, sedimentology, pollen, and chironomid records. Stable isotope data document abrupt environmental changes that coincide with regionally recognized early–middle and middle–late Holocene transitions in northern Europe. The early Holocene (∼11,700–8200 cal a BP) was characterized by relatively wet conditions and elevated terrigenous sediment influx. This was followed by a drier and more stable middle Holocene (8200–4200 cal a BP) and a more variable late Holocene (4200 cal a BP–present). Chironomid-inferred temperatures indicate warming during the early Holocene and relatively stable warm season temperatures thereafter. Pollen data reveal transitions from early boreal dominance to temperate forest expansion beginning around 8800 cal a BP, followed by a return to more boreal-dominated assemblages after ∼4800 cal a BP. Increased crop pollen after ∼850 cal a BP indicates growing human influence on the landscape. These shifts align with regional vegetation chronozones and reflect both climatic and anthropogenic drivers. An abrupt shift to the highest sediment flux at ∼4200 cal a BP coincides with the transition to the late Holocene, suggesting a regional environmental reorganization that was likely linked to both climatic and landscape changes, including increased hydrological variability and land surface instability.
了解过去的气候变化和人类活动是如何塑造北欧景观的，对于解释当今的环境变化至关重要。然而，在波罗的海东部地区，捕获小湖泊集水区气候和人为信号的高分辨率全新世记录相对较少。本研究通过从爱沙尼亚南部半封闭盆地Pangodi湖的沉积材料中重建全新世气候和环境动力学来解决这一空白。基于稳定同位素地球化学、沉积学、花粉学和chironomid记录，提出了全新世气候和环境变化的多指标重建方法。稳定同位素资料表明，北欧地区的环境突变与区域公认的全新世早中期和中晚期转变相吻合。早全新世（~ 11700 ~ 8200 cal a BP）以相对湿润的环境和陆源沉积物流入增加为特征。随后是一个更干燥、更稳定的中全新世（8200-4200 cal a BP）和一个更多变的晚全新世（4200 cal a BP - present）。chironomi -推断温度表明全新世早期变暖，此后暖季温度相对稳定。花粉数据显示，从大约8800 cal a BP开始，从早期北方森林优势向温带森林扩张转变，随后在约4800 cal a BP之后，回归到以北方森林为主的组合。大约850 cal a BP之后，作物花粉增加表明人类对景观的影响越来越大。这些变化与区域植被年代带一致，反映了气候和人为驱动因素。在~ 4200 cal a BP时，沉积物通量突变至最高，这与向全新世晚期的过渡相吻合，表明区域环境重组可能与气候和景观变化有关，包括水文变异性增加和陆地表面不稳定性。
{"title":"Holocene hydroclimate and landscape dynamics inferred from Lake Pangodi, Estonia","authors":"Mariliis Eensalu , Nathan D. Stansell , Tomi P. Luoto , Anna Buczynska , Anneli Poska , Jaanus Terasmaa , Tiit Vaasma , Egert Vandel , Eric S. Klein , Ansis Blaus , Siim Veski , Daniel B. Nelson","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how past climate variability and human activity shaped northern European landscapes is essential for interpreting present-day environmental change. However, high-resolution Holocene records that capture both climatic and anthropogenic signals in small lake catchments remain relatively scarce in the eastern Baltic region. This study addresses that gap by reconstructing Holocene climate and environmental dynamics from the sedimentary material of Lake Pangodi, a semi-closed basin in southern Estonia. We present a multi-proxy reconstruction of Holocene climate and environmental change based on stable isotope geochemistry, sedimentology, pollen, and chironomid records. Stable isotope data document abrupt environmental changes that coincide with regionally recognized early–middle and middle–late Holocene transitions in northern Europe. The early Holocene (∼11,700–8200 cal a BP) was characterized by relatively wet conditions and elevated terrigenous sediment influx. This was followed by a drier and more stable middle Holocene (8200–4200 cal a BP) and a more variable late Holocene (4200 cal a BP–present). Chironomid-inferred temperatures indicate warming during the early Holocene and relatively stable warm season temperatures thereafter. Pollen data reveal transitions from early boreal dominance to temperate forest expansion beginning around 8800 cal a BP, followed by a return to more boreal-dominated assemblages after ∼4800 cal a BP. Increased crop pollen after ∼850 cal a BP indicates growing human influence on the landscape. These shifts align with regional vegetation chronozones and reflect both climatic and anthropogenic drivers. An abrupt shift to the highest sediment flux at ∼4200 cal a BP coincides with the transition to the late Holocene, suggesting a regional environmental reorganization that was likely linked to both climatic and landscape changes, including increased hydrological variability and land surface instability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"373 ","pages":"Article 109750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109754
B.L. Hall , A.E. Putnam , T.V. Lowell , G.H. Denton , J.L. Russell , R.L. Soteres , M.M. Spoth-Ascencao , M.L. Miles , S.G. Thomas , P.I. Moreno , R. Schwartz , J.M. Schaefer
Despite more than a century of research, the cause of the last ice-age termination remains uncertain. Here, we reconstruct the thinning history of the Cordillera Darwin Icefield, southernmost Chile, to track relative summer temperature change at the end of the ice age and to explore potential drivers of the warming. Eighteen 10Be exposure ages of erratics perched on glacially scoured bedrock indicate rapid surface lowering of at least 500 m elevation in the heart of the former icefield at some time between 18.8 and 16.9 ka at the onset of the termination. We infer that this drop in ice level reflects an increase in summer temperatures, which led to extensive glacier melt. We attribute the underlying cause to a poleward shift of the southern westerly winds, which placed the Cordillera Darwin Icefield in warmer air masses with temperatures incompatible with its LGM extent.
{"title":"Rapid thinning of the Cordillera Darwin Icefield at the onset of Termination I","authors":"B.L. Hall , A.E. Putnam , T.V. Lowell , G.H. Denton , J.L. Russell , R.L. Soteres , M.M. Spoth-Ascencao , M.L. Miles , S.G. Thomas , P.I. Moreno , R. Schwartz , J.M. Schaefer","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite more than a century of research, the cause of the last ice-age termination remains uncertain. Here, we reconstruct the thinning history of the Cordillera Darwin Icefield, southernmost Chile, to track relative summer temperature change at the end of the ice age and to explore potential drivers of the warming. Eighteen <sup>10</sup>Be exposure ages of erratics perched on glacially scoured bedrock indicate rapid surface lowering of at least 500 m elevation in the heart of the former icefield at some time between 18.8 and 16.9 ka at the onset of the termination. We infer that this drop in ice level reflects an increase in summer temperatures, which led to extensive glacier melt. We attribute the underlying cause to a poleward shift of the southern westerly winds, which placed the Cordillera Darwin Icefield in warmer air masses with temperatures incompatible with its LGM extent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"373 ","pages":"Article 109754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109749
Raphaël Kerverdo , S. Lafuerza , C. Gorini , E. Fouache , D. Granjeon , N. Bianchi , N. Haghipour , R. Clementucci , N. Loget , S. Migeon , R. Deschamps
Floods are among the costliest natural disasters, causing extensive damage and fatalities worldwide. Mountainous regions of the Mediterranean Alps are highly vulnerable to extreme hydrological events, whose frequency is increasing in the context of climate change favouring convective storms. In October 2020, the Roya valley was struck by an extreme hydrological event. The amount of rainfall (return period >1000yr) and discharge (>100yr), triggered major geomorphological changes, including subsantial channel widening, slope destabilisation and extensive bank erosion.
This study provides unprecedented sedimentological data on torrential dynamics in the Roya Valley, based on 14C and OSL dating of newly exposed flooding deposits following Storm Alex. Five clusters of preserved fluvial and torrential deposits ranging from the Younger Dryas–Holocene transition to the Little Ice Age are identified. These preservation clusters correspond to periods of wetter condition and anthropogenic influence.
By combining sedimentological analyses with documented pollen and sediments records from lakes in the Mercantour massif, as well as historical archives, this study presents one of the first flood-frequency reconstructions for a Mediterranean Alpine catchment over a multi-millennial timescale. Past flooding events (on centennial to millennial scales) leave distinctive sedimentary signatures, characterised by thick deposits and the mobilisation of coarse particles, before being reworked within the broader autogenic dynamics of the river system. Reconstructing the frequency and occurrence of past extreme flood events provides key insights into the conditions under which such events occurr, and offers valuable information for the development of flood-risk scenarios, particularly in mountainous areas that are among the most affected by contemporary climate change.
{"title":"Extreme flood deposits in the Roya Valley during the Holocene: characterisation and recurrence intervals","authors":"Raphaël Kerverdo , S. Lafuerza , C. Gorini , E. Fouache , D. Granjeon , N. Bianchi , N. Haghipour , R. Clementucci , N. Loget , S. Migeon , R. Deschamps","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floods are among the costliest natural disasters, causing extensive damage and fatalities worldwide. Mountainous regions of the Mediterranean Alps are highly vulnerable to extreme hydrological events, whose frequency is increasing in the context of climate change favouring convective storms. In October 2020, the Roya valley was struck by an extreme hydrological event. The amount of rainfall (return period >1000yr) and discharge (>100yr), triggered major geomorphological changes, including subsantial channel widening, slope destabilisation and extensive bank erosion.</div><div>This study provides unprecedented sedimentological data on torrential dynamics in the Roya Valley, based on <sup>14</sup>C and OSL dating of newly exposed flooding deposits following Storm Alex. Five clusters of preserved fluvial and torrential deposits ranging from the Younger Dryas–Holocene transition to the Little Ice Age are identified. These preservation clusters correspond to periods of wetter condition and anthropogenic influence.</div><div>By combining sedimentological analyses with documented pollen and sediments records from lakes in the Mercantour massif, as well as historical archives, this study presents one of the first flood-frequency reconstructions for a Mediterranean Alpine catchment over a multi-millennial timescale. Past flooding events (on centennial to millennial scales) leave distinctive sedimentary signatures, characterised by thick deposits and the mobilisation of coarse particles, before being reworked within the broader autogenic dynamics of the river system. Reconstructing the frequency and occurrence of past extreme flood events provides key insights into the conditions under which such events occurr, and offers valuable information for the development of flood-risk scenarios, particularly in mountainous areas that are among the most affected by contemporary climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"373 ","pages":"Article 109749"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109747
Junru Zhang , Fengming Chang , Ann Holbourn , Fang Qian , Luyao Tang , Tiegang Li
Upper ocean temperature and stratification play essential roles in regulating hydrological processes from regional to basin scales and in shaping climate systems. The Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean (ETIO), as a major source of heat and moisture, is critical to regional and large-scale hydroclimatic variability. However, the long-term evolution of its upper water thermal structure remains poorly constrained. Here, we reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST) and thermocline water temperature (TWT) records spanning the past 620 ka using planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios from Core 18548 and IODP Site U1482 off the northwest Australian margin. The results reveal that both SST and TWT exhibit pronounced glacial–interglacial cyclicity, primarily paced by orbital-scale forcing, including the 100-ka and precession (23/19-ka) periodicities. Notably, TWT displays a stronger precession signal than SST. These orbital-scale variations reflect the modulation of heat transfer to the ETIO through sea-level-controlled Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) dynamics and precession-driven atmospheric circulation. The amplified TWT response arises from the combined effects of ITF-mediated thermocline advection and insolation-induced vertical mixing, which together regulate upper ocean heat redistribution. A significant shift in the gradient between SST and TWT (ΔT) around 400 ka, coinciding with the MBE, indicates a major reorganization of upper ocean thermal structure, likely driven by glacioeustatic sea-level fluctuations and changes in precession-induced wind systems. Our findings highlight the coupled forcing of 100-ka cycle and precession on upper ocean thermal evolution in the ETIO and offer critical insights into orbital-scale heat redistribution and tropical ocean-climate interactions.
{"title":"Shift of the upper ocean thermal structure across the Mid-Brunhes Event in the Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean","authors":"Junru Zhang , Fengming Chang , Ann Holbourn , Fang Qian , Luyao Tang , Tiegang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Upper ocean temperature and stratification play essential roles in regulating hydrological processes from regional to basin scales and in shaping climate systems. The Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean (ETIO), as a major source of heat and moisture, is critical to regional and large-scale hydroclimatic variability. However, the long-term evolution of its upper water thermal structure remains poorly constrained. Here, we reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST) and thermocline water temperature (TWT) records spanning the past 620 ka using planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios from Core 18548 and IODP Site U1482 off the northwest Australian margin. The results reveal that both SST and TWT exhibit pronounced glacial–interglacial cyclicity, primarily paced by orbital-scale forcing, including the 100-ka and precession (23/19-ka) periodicities. Notably, TWT displays a stronger precession signal than SST. These orbital-scale variations reflect the modulation of heat transfer to the ETIO through sea-level-controlled Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) dynamics and precession-driven atmospheric circulation. The amplified TWT response arises from the combined effects of ITF-mediated thermocline advection and insolation-induced vertical mixing, which together regulate upper ocean heat redistribution. A significant shift in the gradient between SST and TWT (ΔT) around 400 ka, coinciding with the MBE, indicates a major reorganization of upper ocean thermal structure, likely driven by glacioeustatic sea-level fluctuations and changes in precession-induced wind systems. Our findings highlight the coupled forcing of 100-ka cycle and precession on upper ocean thermal evolution in the ETIO and offer critical insights into orbital-scale heat redistribution and tropical ocean-climate interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"373 ","pages":"Article 109747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109709
B.C. Salcher , S.M. Neuhuber , J.-C. Otto , T. Payer , C. Lüthgens , S. Fuchs , A. Flores-Orozco , J. Nørgaard , S. Grupe , O. Marchhart , A. Wieser , J. Lachner , M. Fiebig , Zs. Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger
Quaternary terrace sequences can be observed along many mid to high latitudinal rivers, often reflecting a distinct, climate-related cyclicity of the fluvial system in uplifting regions. They are also essential landforms in many continental basins even though local basin subsidence may counteract an existing regional uplift trend. Glacial and periglacial processes may amplify events of river aggradation, with associated terraces providing clear stratigraphic markers. In this study, we explore the opposing lithospheric forces, regional uplift vs. local normal faulting, along a perialpine section of the Danube River, which is strongly affected by a 100-ka depositional cyclicity during the Quaternary. Within the city of Vienna, the Danube formed an extensive terrace staircase across a continental-scale normal fault. This fault demarcates the transition of the Eastern Alps and the Miocene Vienna Basin. Its Quaternary activity remained ambiguous and its impact on terrace configuration largely unexplored. Solifluction processes over several glacial-interglacial cycles typically led to thick colluvial deposits along terrace slopes, resulting, together with the anthropogenic overprint, in obliteration of the terrace morphology. To constrain terrace geometry, elevation and decipher fault kinematics we used electrical resistivity tomography, drill log and historical outcrop data. We applied morphostratigraphic age modelling supported by terrestrial cosmogenic radionuclide burial and luminescence dating to derive rates of uplift and subsidence. Results show how long-wavelength uplift and concomitant normal faulting have controlled terrace development and Quaternary landscape evolution. This study provides clear evidence for fault activity within the city of Vienna.
{"title":"Quaternary terrace formation in response to climate, regional uplift and local normal faulting: The Danube terrace staircase of Vienna","authors":"B.C. Salcher , S.M. Neuhuber , J.-C. Otto , T. Payer , C. Lüthgens , S. Fuchs , A. Flores-Orozco , J. Nørgaard , S. Grupe , O. Marchhart , A. Wieser , J. Lachner , M. Fiebig , Zs. Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quaternary terrace sequences can be observed along many mid to high latitudinal rivers, often reflecting a distinct, climate-related cyclicity of the fluvial system in uplifting regions. They are also essential landforms in many continental basins even though local basin subsidence may counteract an existing regional uplift trend. Glacial and periglacial processes may amplify events of river aggradation, with associated terraces providing clear stratigraphic markers. In this study, we explore the opposing lithospheric forces, regional uplift vs. local normal faulting, along a perialpine section of the Danube River, which is strongly affected by a 100-ka depositional cyclicity during the Quaternary. Within the city of Vienna, the Danube formed an extensive terrace staircase across a continental-scale normal fault. This fault demarcates the transition of the Eastern Alps and the Miocene Vienna Basin. Its Quaternary activity remained ambiguous and its impact on terrace configuration largely unexplored. Solifluction processes over several glacial-interglacial cycles typically led to thick colluvial deposits along terrace slopes, resulting, together with the anthropogenic overprint, in obliteration of the terrace morphology. To constrain terrace geometry, elevation and decipher fault kinematics we used electrical resistivity tomography, drill log and historical outcrop data. We applied morphostratigraphic age modelling supported by terrestrial cosmogenic radionuclide burial and luminescence dating to derive rates of uplift and subsidence. Results show how long-wavelength uplift and concomitant normal faulting have controlled terrace development and Quaternary landscape evolution. This study provides clear evidence for fault activity within the city of Vienna.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"373 ","pages":"Article 109709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109731
Christopher Laurikainen Gaete , Scott Hocknull , Clement P. Bataille , Andrew M. Lorrey , Katarina M. Mikac , Rochelle Lawrence , Anthony Dosseto
Australia's Quaternary fossil record is characterised by a high diversity of macropodid taxa. Based on fossil faunal assemblages, it has been hypothesised many macropodids lived in sympatry during the Pleistocene, however, local geographic and dietary overlap is equivocal due to taphonomic uncertainty. Modern macropodid species rarely exhibit sympatry, suggesting anthropogenic or environmental changes may have disrupted these communities. Using Sr and C isotopes, we reconstruct foraging ranges and dietary preferences of several fossil macropodid lineages recovered in Middle Pleistocene cave deposits, at Mount Etna Caves, central eastern Queensland, Australia. Our results show that most macropodids, baring a single Petrogale potentially dispersing >60 km, had limited foraging ranges and remained within 15 km of the fossil site. Moderate to large scale dispersal in individual Petrogale mirrors male-biased dispersal observed in some modern Petrogale populations indicating some individuals have the propensity to move between isolated colonies when corridors for dispersal are present. Smaller macropodids show dietary preferences similar to modern counterparts, while Protemnodon exhibit a division between C3/C4 intake, potentially indicating species-level differences. The analysis of geographic range and diet of this fossil assemblage reveals that macropodids partitioned on the landscape around the cave with a C3-dominant community – comprised of Protemnodon, Petrogale, and Thylogale – to the northwest, and a C4-dominant grassland community – comprised of Notamacropus and isolated members of Protemnodon and Petrogale – to the south. Therefore, we conclude, that although faunal assemblages alone suggest a larger number of macropodids living in sympatry, isotopic proxies uncover complex habitat partitioning between C3 and C4 environments around Mount Etna Caves.
{"title":"Niche partitioning and limited mobility characterise Middle Pleistocene kangaroos from eastern Australia","authors":"Christopher Laurikainen Gaete , Scott Hocknull , Clement P. Bataille , Andrew M. Lorrey , Katarina M. Mikac , Rochelle Lawrence , Anthony Dosseto","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Australia's Quaternary fossil record is characterised by a high diversity of macropodid taxa. Based on fossil faunal assemblages, it has been hypothesised many macropodids lived in sympatry during the Pleistocene, however, local geographic and dietary overlap is equivocal due to taphonomic uncertainty. Modern macropodid species rarely exhibit sympatry, suggesting anthropogenic or environmental changes may have disrupted these communities. Using Sr and C isotopes, we reconstruct foraging ranges and dietary preferences of several fossil macropodid lineages recovered in Middle Pleistocene cave deposits, at Mount Etna Caves, central eastern Queensland, Australia. Our results show that most macropodids, baring a single <em>Petrogale</em> potentially dispersing >60 km, had limited foraging ranges and remained within 15 km of the fossil site. Moderate to large scale dispersal in individual <em>Petrogale</em> mirrors male-biased dispersal observed in some modern <em>Petrogale</em> populations indicating some individuals have the propensity to move between isolated colonies when corridors for dispersal are present. Smaller macropodids show dietary preferences similar to modern counterparts, while <em>Protemnodon</em> exhibit a division between C<sub>3</sub>/C<sub>4</sub> intake, potentially indicating species-level differences. The analysis of geographic range and diet of this fossil assemblage reveals that macropodids partitioned on the landscape around the cave with a C<sub>3</sub>-dominant community – comprised of <em>Protemnodon, Petrogale,</em> and <em>Thylogale –</em> to the northwest, and a C<sub>4</sub>-dominant grassland community – comprised of <em>Notamacropus</em> and isolated members of <em>Protemnodon</em> and <em>Petrogale</em> – to the south. Therefore, we conclude, that although faunal assemblages alone suggest a larger number of macropodids living in sympatry, isotopic proxies uncover complex habitat partitioning between C<sub>3</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> environments around Mount Etna Caves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"373 ","pages":"Article 109731"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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