Quaternary Science Reviews最新文献_第9页

Lithic raw material exploitation strategies and mobility patterns of microblade populations in the Gobi Desert of eastern arid Central Asia 中亚东部干旱区戈壁荒漠微叶片种群的岩石原料开发策略与迁移模式

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109695

Xuke Shen , Yuanxin Li , Zhiyong Zhu , Changchun Liu , Yan Zhou , Dongju Zhang

The adaptation of prehistoric humans to extreme arid environments is a focus of past human–environment interaction research. The Eastern Tianshan piedmont (Xinjiang, China), located in the Gobi Desert of Eastern Arid Central Asia (EACA), is critical for understanding the adaptive behaviors and human-land relationships of microblade populations in arid settings. Lithic raw material (LRM) analyses reflect prehistoric resource exploitation strategies, environmental cognitive adaptability, mobility, and land use patterns. This study systematically reconstructs these aspects of microblade populations in the Gobi Desert of Eastern Tianshan piedmont areas, using petrologic and lithic cortex analysis, geological source survey, and preliminary lithic techno-typological analysis of 5427 lithic artifacts from 15 microblade sites. The results show that microblade population activity spanned at least two phases: the Terminal Pleistocene and Early–Middle Holocene, with an overall preference for local high-quality chert and siliceous rocks. During the Terminal Pleistocene, cold and arid conditions and very patchily distributed resources caused the Late Upper Paleolithic (LUP) foragers on the western Balikun Plateau to adopt high residential mobility, establishing bases at high-quality resource patches. Leveraging local high-quality siliceous rock availability, they used provisioning place strategies to exploit local chert and siliceous rocks. The Sanquan site exhibited a diversified LRM strategy, focusing on local Gobi Desert deposits (e.g., chert, siliceous rock, tuffaceous sandstone), while dispatching highly mobile task-specific groups to transport or exchange a few high-quality exotic raw materials (e.g., chalcedony, agate, crystal) from distant sources via individual provisioning strategies. During the Early–Middle Holocene, a warm and humid climate and growing populations caused a reduction in group mobility, promoting settlement in dunefield or wetland environments. Microblade groups adopted logistical mobility strategies and established permanent base camps near high-quality rock sources, dune fields, and wetlands. Since the Terminal Pleistocene, across EACA, microblade populations have favored homogeneous cryptocrystalline rocks (e.g., chert, chalcedony, jasper), with widespread long-distance raw materials’ exploitation, exchange, and even trade. By the Early–Middle Holocene, numerous lithic workshops were established near chert sources, indicating a clearer Neolithic labor division. In response to climate change, microblade groups in the Gobi Desert of EACA showed reduced group mobility but significantly increased individual mobility from the Terminal Pleistocene to the Early–Middle Holocene. We conclude that LRM exploitation strategy research holds great potential for revealing the mobility and land use patterns of East Asian prehistoric populations, warranting greater research attention in the future.

史前人类对极端干旱环境的适应是过去人与环境相互作用研究的热点。位于中亚东部干旱地区戈壁沙漠的新疆东天山山前，对了解干旱环境下微叶片种群的适应行为和人地关系具有重要意义。石质原材料（LRM）分析反映了史前资源开发策略、环境认知适应性、流动性和土地利用模式。本研究通过对东天山山前戈壁沙漠15个微叶片遗址的5427件岩屑人工制品的岩石学和岩屑皮质分析、地质来源调查以及岩屑技术初步类型学分析，系统地重建了这些方面的微叶片种群。结果表明，微叶片种群活动至少跨越了末更新世和早-中全新世两个阶段，总体倾向于局部优质燧石岩和硅质岩。终末更新世时期，寒冷干旱的气候条件和资源极不均匀的分布，使得巴里昆高原西部晚上旧石器时代采集者采取高迁移性的居住方式，在优质资源斑块上建立基地。利用当地高质量硅质岩的可用性，他们使用供应地点策略来开采当地的燧石和硅质岩。三泉遗址展示了多样化的LRM策略，侧重于当地的戈壁沙漠沉积物（如燧石、硅质岩石、凝灰质砂岩），同时派遣高流动性的特定任务小组通过个人供应策略从遥远的地方运输或交换一些高质量的外来原材料（如玉髓、玛瑙、晶体）。在全新世早期至中期，温暖湿润的气候和不断增长的人口减少了群体的流动性，促进了在沙丘或湿地环境中的定居。微刃组织采用了后勤流动策略，在高质量岩石源、沙丘地和湿地附近建立了永久大本营。自终末更新世以来，在整个EACA地区，微刃种群倾向于均匀的隐晶岩石（如燧石、玉髓、碧玉），并广泛进行远距离的原材料开采、交换甚至贸易。到全新世早中期，在燧石产地附近建立了许多石器作坊，表明新石器时代的劳动分工更加明确。自更新世末至全新世早中期，EACA戈壁滩微叶片类群对气候变化的响应表现为群体流动性降低，个体流动性显著增加。研究认为，LRM开发策略研究对于揭示东亚史前人口的流动性和土地利用模式具有很大的潜力，值得进一步关注。

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引用次数: 0

History of the Barents Sea Ice Sheet, MIS 11 to present 巴伦支海冰盖的历史，MIS 11至今

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109684

Shannon Cofield, Dennis Darby

Understanding the history of large Arctic ice sheets is important in knowing the possibilities for future climate change and its impact on existing ice sheets. The history of the Barents Sea Ice Sheet (BSIS) is one of sudden collapses over the past 190 kyr (MIS 6 and since). Each glacial interval provides a different dynamic history of rapid calving and transport of ice-rafted debris (IRD) to Fram Strait and out of the Arctic Ocean. Ice-rafting is the only plausible method of transporting sand-sized grains hundreds of kilometers from the central Arctic Ocean to Fram Strait. Based on highly accurate source determinations using detrital Fe-grain chemical fingerprinting, several IRD peaks can be attributed to the northern margin of the BSIS from MIS 6 through MIS 2, but nothing before this in MIS 8 and 10, suggesting that this ice sheet did not exist prior to MIS 6 or at least, did not calve ice into the Arctic Ocean from the northern margin of the Barents Sea. The presence of IRD at a core site in Fram Strait from the Pechora Sea is used to indicate times when the BSIS did not block rafted sea ice from this sea across the Barents Sea. The coincidence of Fe-grain peaks from the BSIS and North American ice sheets indicates a pan-arctic climate control of ice sheet dynamics. The large variability of the timing and nature of the ice-rafting events from the BSIS suggest a complex interaction of climate factors.

了解北极大冰原的历史对于了解未来气候变化的可能性及其对现有冰原的影响非常重要。巴伦支海冰盖（BSIS）的历史是过去190年来（MIS 6及以后）突然崩塌的历史之一。每个冰期间隔都提供了一个不同的动态历史，即快速崩解和冰筏碎片（IRD）向弗拉姆海峡和向北冰洋运输。将沙粒大小的颗粒从北冰洋中部运送到数百公里外的弗拉姆海峡，漂流是唯一可行的方法。利用碎屑铁颗粒化学指纹技术对源进行了高度精确的测定，从MIS 6到MIS 2，几个IRD峰可归因于BSIS的北缘，但在MIS 8和MIS 10之前没有，这表明该冰盖在MIS 6之前不存在，或者至少没有冰从巴伦支海北缘裂入北冰洋。从佩霍拉海到弗勒姆海峡的一个核心地点的IRD的存在是用来表明BSIS没有阻挡从该海域穿过巴伦支海的浮冰的时间。来自BSIS和北美冰盖的铁粒峰的重合表明泛北极气候对冰盖动力学的控制。来自BSIS的漂流事件的时间和性质的巨大变化表明气候因素的复杂相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

The Late Paleolithic of the Changbai Mountains: A refined chronological framework for the Dadong site in Northeast China 长白山晚旧石器时代：东北大东遗址的精细年代学框架

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109688

Ting Xu , Yuchao Zhao , Erik J. Marsh , Yao Li , Xinya Shao , Zhe Hou , Christopher J. Bae

The Changbai Mountains represent a critical, yet understudied corridor for Late Paleolithic population dynamics and dissemination of microblade technology in Northeast Asia. This study establishes a comprehensive chronological framework for human occupation at Dadong, a key stratified site in the region, addressing a critical lacuna in our understanding of the Late Paleolithic period. Through Bayesian models of five published and 14 unpublished radiocarbon dates, this paper refines the timing of human activity at the site and sheds light on broader patterns of technological innovation and behavioral complexity in Northeast Asia. Excavations from 2010 to 2024 produced data and dates that reveal three distinct phases of human occupation at Dadong, each intricately intertwined with regional climatic and vegetation shifts. Phase I (∼43.5–33.1 thousand calibrated years before present [ka]) coincides with the warm and humid Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 and is marked by the exploitation of obsidian for lithic production and the emergence of rudimentary symbolic behaviors. A hiatus between Phase I and Phase II corresponds to the transition from MIS 3 to MIS 2 and is characterized by a decline in bio-productivity followed by a brief recovery. Phase II (∼27.9–19.5 ka) spans the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), during which the site likely functioned as a refugium and a hub for obsidian resource exploitation, facilitating the proliferation of blade and microblade technologies that were introduced from higher latitudes. Phase III (∼16.7–12.9 ka) aligns with a post-LGM period of vegetation recovery, with sustained human occupation evidenced by refined microblade lithic technologies, the emergence of grinding slabs, and hematite sculptures, signaling reduced mobility and heightened behavioral complexity.

长白山是东北亚地区旧石器时代晚期种群动态和微叶片技术传播的重要通道，但研究尚未充分。本研究建立了大东地区人类活动的全面时间框架，这是该地区一个重要的分层遗址，解决了我们对晚旧石器时代认识的一个关键空白。通过对5个已发表和14个未发表的放射性碳年代的贝叶斯模型，本文细化了该遗址人类活动的时间，并揭示了东北亚地区技术创新和行为复杂性的更广泛模式。从2010年到2024年的挖掘所得的数据和日期揭示了人类在大东居住的三个不同阶段，每个阶段都与区域气候和植被变化错综复杂地交织在一起。第一阶段（距今43.5-33.1万校准年前[ka]）与温暖湿润的海洋同位素阶段（MIS） 3相吻合，其标志是黑曜石开采用于岩石生产，并出现了初步的符号行为。在第一阶段和第二阶段之间的间歇期对应于从MIS 3向MIS 2的过渡，其特征是生物生产力下降，然后短暂恢复。第二阶段（~ 27.9-19.5 ka）跨越末次极冰期（LGM），在此期间，该遗址可能是一个避难所和黑曜石资源开发的中心，促进了从高纬度地区引进的叶片和微叶片技术的扩散。第三阶段（~ 16.7-12.9 ka）与lgm后的植被恢复时期一致，人类持续占领，精细的微刀片石器技术、磨板和赤铁矿雕塑的出现证明了这一点，这表明流动性降低，行为复杂性提高。

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引用次数: 0

Out of Africa I revisited: Life history, energetics, and the evolutionary capacity for early hominin dispersals 在非洲之外，我重新考察了生命史、能量学和早期人类迁徙的进化能力

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109690

Christopher J. Bae , Courtney Manthey

Paleoanthropological interpretations have traditionally emphasized Homo erectus sensu stricto as the first hominin species to expand out of Africa during the Early Pleistocene, primarily due to its relatively large body size, increased encephalization, and inferred behavioral complexity. This perspective, often formalized as the Out of Africa I model, has profoundly shaped how early hominin dispersal, adaptability, and ecological capacity are understood. However, recent paleoanthropological discoveries, alongside theoretical advances in evolutionary biology, increasingly challenge the exclusivity of H. erectus in this role. Synthesizing data from life history evolution, paleoenergetics, and social ecology, a growing body of evidence suggests that smaller-bodied, anatomically variable hominins—including putative ancestors of Homo floresiensis and H. luzonensis—may also have possessed the capacity for long-distance dispersal under favorable environmental conditions. In particular, heuristic comparative models drawn from macaques (Macaca spp.), which are ecologically generalized, socially flexible, and geographically widespread, underscore the potential for dispersal in taxa lacking the derived morphologies of later Homo. These findings support a revised framework for interpreting early human evolution—one that emphasizes gradual, mosaic adaptation and behavioral plasticity over singular thresholds in morphology or cognition.

古人类学的解释传统上强调严格感觉直立人是在更新世早期扩展出非洲的第一个人类物种，主要是由于其相对较大的体型，增加的脑电图和推断的行为复杂性。这一观点通常被形形化为“走出非洲1”模型，它深刻地影响了人们对早期人类的扩散、适应性和生态能力的理解。然而，最近的古人类学发现，以及进化生物学的理论进步，越来越多地挑战直立人在这一角色中的排他性。综合生命史进化、古能量学和社会生态学的数据，越来越多的证据表明，体型较小、解剖结构多变的古人类——包括假定的弗洛勒斯人和吕宋人的祖先——也可能拥有在有利环境条件下远距离迁徙的能力。特别是，从猕猴（Macaca spp.）中提取的启发式比较模型，它们具有生态上的普遍性，社会灵活性和地理上的广泛性，强调了在缺乏后来人属派生形态的分类群中分散的潜力。这些发现支持了一种解释早期人类进化的修订框架，该框架强调渐进、马赛克适应和行为可塑性，而不是形态学或认知的单一阈值。

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引用次数: 0

The first application of RI-OH lipid biomarkers to reconstruct the upper water column thermal structure. An example from the tropical Indian Ocean (Bay of Bengal) during the past 24 kyr 首次应用RI-OH脂质生物标志物重建上部水柱热结构。一个来自热带印度洋（孟加拉湾）在过去24年中的例子

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109659

Yang Wang , Harunur Rashid , Aquila Nur , C.K. Shum

Millennial-scale upper-ocean thermal structure variations of the northern tropical Indian Ocean are a robust indicator of past southwest monsoon (SWM). Lipid biomarker isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (iGDGTs) and hydroxylated isoprenoid GDGTs (OH-GDGTs) are promising proxies for reconstructing past upper water thermal conditions. Yet, their application in the tropical Indian Ocean remains limited. Here, we applied the TEX₈₆^H and RI-OH methods to quantitatively reconstruct mixed-layer and thermocline temperatures in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) over the last 24 kyr. The thermal gradient (ΔT = mixed-layer temperature – thermocline temperature) exhibits pronounced variations in response to millennial-scale abrupt climate events due to changes in the SWM. Our data revealed a narrow ΔT during relatively arid periods, specifically the Last Glacial Maximum, late Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1), and the Younger Dryas. In contrast to arid periods, large ΔT occurred during humid intervals, namely early HS1, the Bølling-Allerød, and the early mid-Holocene (7.95–7.0 cal ka BP). The upper water structure was intensely stratified during strong SWM phases, but increased vertical mixing during weak SWM periods. These weak-strong patterns align with the Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna runoff inferred from the branched GDGT indices (ΣⅢa/ΣⅡa and Branched and Isoprenoid Tetraether) and the northeast Indian speleothem records, indicating that freshwater barrier layers suppressed vertical convection. The southward contraction of the Intertropical Convergence Zone likely contributed to the humid conditions in the BoB during early HS1. Moreover, the BoB upper ocean structure responded to the variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). The weakening of the two-phase AMOC resulted in contrasting stratification (early HS1) and mixing (late HS1) regimes. Reduced interbasinal heat exchange between the North Atlantic and the Indian Ocean, due to the slowdown of the AMOC, drove synchronous upper ocean warming in the BoB during the Younger Dryas. The strongest SWM strength and enhanced Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna freshwater discharge led to pronounced water column stratification between 7.95 and 7.0 cal ka BP.

北热带印度洋千年尺度的上层海洋热结构变化是过去西南季风（SWM）的一个强有力的指标。脂质生物标志物类异戊二烯甘油二烷基甘油四醚（iGDGTs）和羟基化类异戊二烯甘油四醚（OH-GDGTs）是重建过去上层水热条件的有希望的替代指标。然而，它们在热带印度洋的应用仍然有限。本文应用TEX86H和RI-OH方法定量重建了孟加拉湾（BoB）过去24 kyr的混合层和温跃层温度。温度梯度（ΔT =混合层温度-温跃层温度）在由SWM变化引起的千年尺度突变气候事件中表现出明显的变化。我们的数据显示，在相对干旱的时期，特别是末次盛冰期、Heinrich Stadial 1 （HS1）晚期和新仙女木期，一个狭窄的ΔT。与干旱期相比，大ΔT发生在湿润期，即HS1早期、Bølling-Allerød和中全新世早期（7.95 ~ 7.0 cal ka BP）。在强SWM阶段，上层水结构分层强烈，而在弱SWM时期，上层水结构垂直混合增加。这些强弱格局与从GDGT分支指数（ΣⅢa/ΣⅡa和branched and isooprenoid Tetraether）和印度东北部洞穴记录推断的恒河-雅鲁藏布江-梅格纳河径流一致，表明淡水屏障层抑制了垂直对流。热带辐合带向南的收缩可能是HS1早期BoB湿润的主要原因。此外，BoB上层海洋结构对大西洋经向翻转环流（AMOC）的变率有响应。两相AMOC的减弱导致分层（HS1早期）和混合（HS1晚期）形成对比。由于AMOC的减缓，北大西洋和印度洋之间的海盆间热交换减少，导致了新仙女木期北半球海洋上层同步变暖。在7.95 ~ 7.0 cal ka BP之间，最强的SWM强度和增加的恒河-布拉马普特拉河-梅克纳河淡水流量导致水柱分层明显。

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引用次数: 0

A sedimentary record of paleodirectional and relative paleointensity variations of the Earth's magnetic field from offshore South Brazil spanning the time from 46.15 to 5.36 ka 巴西南部近海46.15 ~ 5.36 ka地球磁场古方向和相对古强度变化的沉积记录

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109652

Camila T. Lopes , Jairo F. Savian , Everton Frigo , Gelvam A. Hartmann , Maria A.G. Pivel , Sanja Panovska , Jaime Y. Suárez-Ibarra , Caroline A. Pontel , João C. Coimbra , Sandro M. Petró , Adriana Leonhardt , Ricardo I.F. Trindade

Paleomagnetic secular variations in South America are not well understood due to insufficient spatial and temporal records. In this study we present a new paleomagnetic secular variation record from the late Pleistocene (46.15 ka) to the middle Holocene (5.36 ka) by stacking data from two marine sediment cores collected in South Brazil, western South Atlantic. Stepwise alternating field demagnetization was used to isolate the primary remanent component. Relative paleointensity was determined by normalization and by the Pseudo-Thellier approach. Our pseudo-Thellier data were calibrated using detailed selection criteria to better define the uncertainty associated with the paleointensity estimates. Rock magnetic measurements indicate that the primary magnetic remanence carriers are pseudo-single domain or vortex state magnetite with no evidence for diagenetic alteration. Our paleointensity and inclination records are consistent with available South American and Atlantic records, and predictions from global geomagnetic field models. Variations in inclination and relative paleointensity reveal the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion in western South Atlantic. Finally, the recent paleomagnetic findings introduce a valuable tool for refining the chronology of the Pelotas Basin. These new data provide a fresh reference point for developing high-resolution Quaternary age models for South America.

由于空间和时间记录的不足，对南美洲古地磁的长期变化没有很好的了解。本文通过对南大西洋西部巴西南部两个海相沉积物岩心资料的叠加，得到了晚更新世（46.15 ka）至全新世中期（5.36 ka）的古地磁长期变化记录。采用逐级交变磁场退磁分离初级剩余物。采用归一化法和伪泰勒法确定了相对古强度。我们的伪thellier数据使用详细的选择标准进行校准，以更好地定义与古强度估计相关的不确定性。岩石磁测量结果表明，主要磁剩余物载体为伪单畴或涡旋态磁铁矿，无成岩蚀变迹象。我们的古强度和倾斜度记录与现有的南美和大西洋记录以及全球地磁场模型的预测一致。倾角和相对古强度的变化揭示了南大西洋西部的拉尚地磁偏移。最后，最近的古地磁发现为完善佩洛塔斯盆地的年代学提供了一个有价值的工具。这些新数据为建立高分辨率的南美洲第四纪年龄模型提供了新的参考点。

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引用次数: 0

Deep Pacific carbonate chemistry since the Last Glacial Maximum 末次盛冰期以来深太平洋碳酸盐化学

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109656

A.W. Jacobel , K.M. Costa , J. Lynch-Stieglitz , T.M. Marchitto

Quantitative constraints on deep ocean carbonate chemistry are critical for understanding the processes responsible for glacial-interglacial changes in atmospheric pCO₂ and the ocean feedbacks that amplify carbon cycle change. Here, we present a new, high-resolution, B/Ca-based record of carbonate ion concentration (Δ[CO₃²⁻]) from central equatorial Pacific site ML1208-16BB spanning the last 35 kyr. This site, bathed by Pacific Deep Water, reveals a ∼24 ± 7 μmol/kg rise in deep ocean [CO₃²⁻] between ∼20 and 10 kyr, a larger change than previously reconstructed from sites in the western equatorial Pacific and those in the central equatorial Pacific bathed by Lower Circumpolar Deep Water. Our new reconstruction permits estimation of deep Pacific calcite saturation state (Ω), quantifying the degree of deep water undersaturation during the Last Glacial Maximum and implying a critical role for sedimentary porewater saturation state in resolving the Pacific carbonate preservation paradox. Finally, we pair our Δ[CO₃²⁻] reconstruction with previously-published benthic δ¹³C to present a process-oriented understanding of late glacial, deglacial, and Holocene deep Pacific carbonate chemistry changes. Our data suggest a larger role for glacial and deglacial alkalinity changes than previously suggested by records from the equatorial Pacific Ocean.

深海碳酸盐化学的定量限制对于理解造成冰期-间冰期大气二氧化碳分压变化的过程以及放大碳循环变化的海洋反馈至关重要。在这里，我们提出了一个新的，高分辨率的，基于B/ ca的碳酸盐岩离子浓度记录（Δ[CO32−]），来自赤道太平洋中部的ML1208-16BB，跨越了过去35 kyr。该地点受到太平洋深水的洗礼，在~ 20 ~ 10 kyr之间，深海[CO32−]上升了~ 24±7 μmol/kg，比以前在赤道西太平洋和赤道中太平洋受到下极地深水洗礼的地点重建的变化更大。我们的新重建允许估计深太平洋方解石饱和状态（Ω），量化末次盛冰期深水欠饱和程度，并暗示沉积孔隙水饱和状态在解决太平洋碳酸盐保存悖论中起关键作用。最后，我们将Δ[CO32−]重建与之前发表的底栖生物Δ 13c配对，以提供对晚冰期、去冰期和全新世深太平洋碳酸盐化学变化的过程导向理解。我们的数据表明，冰期和去冰期碱度的变化比以前赤道太平洋的记录所表明的作用更大。

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引用次数: 0

Postglacial dynamics of Cedrus atlantica in North African montane forests: A paleoecological perspective on a Mediterranean conifer 北非山地森林中大西洋杉木的冰期后动态：地中海针叶树的古生态学观点

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109633

Francisca Alba-Sánchez , Daniel Abel-Schaad , Eneko Iriarte , José Antonio López-Sáez , Rachid Cheddadi , Sebastián Pérez-Díaz , Antonio González-Hernández

<div><div>The Atlas cedar forests (<em>Cedrus atlantica</em> (Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière) are among the most emblematic and threatened ecosystems of the Mediterranean region. Although this conifer species is relatively resistant to drought, it is still quite vulnerable to long-lasting and frequent droughts and prolonged heat stress due to its limited ability to withstand high temperatures.</div><div>To understand the historical relationship between Atlas cedar forests and climate change, we performed an in-depth multiproxy paleoecological study on a newly obtained sediment core from the N'Harcha mire, located at 1617 m a.s.l. in the Middle Atlas region of Morocco. Utilizing this new fossil record alongside other records from the Middle Atlas, we traced the range dynamics and biogeographic processes that have influenced the distribution of Atlas cedar since the last postglacial period.</div><div>Our study shows that steppe landscapes were predominant during the cold and arid Younger Dryas period (ca. 12.000 years ago). This was followed by a gradual transition to evergreen sclerophyllous forests as temperatures rose and both the annual precipitation increased and its seasonal distribution changed. Throughout the last glacial period, the Atlas cedar likely persisted at lower elevations or as isolated populations near our study area. It was not until the Northgrippian, when conditions became warmer and wetter, that the cedar was able to migrate upslope and stablish locally.</div><div>More favorable climatic conditions facilitated the establishment of a cedar-dominated forests during the early Meghalayan. In more recent millennia, the conifer belt has gradually contracted, while the prevalence of evergreen <em>Quercus</em> has increased, likely due to growing aridity and intensified human activity. This trend has ultimately led to a decline in forest cover and a resurgence of steppe elements, despite the notable structural resilience of cedar populations to both climatic and anthropogenic disturbances. This resilience, however, operates over long timescales and does not always allow for the recovery of populations once they have collapsed locally.</div><div>The comparison of N'Harcha with other records from the Middle Atlas suggests that the postglacial range shift of <em>Cedrus atlantica</em> was neither uniform nor synchronous. It likely followed a mosaic-like pattern, with marked spatial and temporal variability. These findings underscore the need to interpret the Holocene range dynamics of <em>Cedrus</em> not as a single regional process, but rather as a complex, stepwise forest reorganization across Morocco's mountain ranges.</div><div>In the context of ongoing climate change, the shift from <em>Cedrus</em> forests toward open, stress-tolerant assemblages—through processes of matorralization and steppization—raises urgent conservation concerns. Mountain refugia may represent the last strongholds for this heat-sensitive conifer, highlighting the

阿特拉斯雪松林（英）它们是地中海地区最具代表性和最受威胁的生态系统之一。虽然这种针叶树对干旱的抵抗力相对较强，但由于其承受高温的能力有限，它仍然很容易受到长期和频繁的干旱和长期热应激的影响。为了了解阿特拉斯雪松林与气候变化之间的历史关系，我们对摩洛哥中部阿特拉斯地区位于海拔1617 m的N'Harcha沼泽新获得的沉积物岩心进行了深入的多代理古生态研究。利用这一新的化石记录和来自中阿特拉斯的其他记录，我们追踪了自最后一个后冰期以来影响阿特拉斯雪松分布的范围动态和生物地理过程。我们的研究表明，在寒冷和干旱的新仙女木时期（约1.2万年前），草原景观占主导地位。随着气温的升高，年降水量的增加和季节分布的变化，逐渐过渡到常绿的硬叶林。在整个最后一个冰期，阿特拉斯雪松可能持续存在于低海拔地区，或者在我们的研究区域附近作为孤立的种群。直到北格里普地区，当气候变得温暖湿润时，雪松才得以向上坡迁移，并在当地扎根。在梅加拉亚早期，有利的气候条件促进了以雪松为主的森林的建立。近几千年来，针叶树带逐渐缩小，而常绿栎树的流行率增加，可能是由于日益干旱和人类活动加剧。这一趋势最终导致了森林覆盖的减少和草原元素的复苏，尽管雪松种群对气候和人为干扰具有显著的结构弹性。然而，这种恢复能力需要很长时间才能发挥作用，而且一旦当地人口崩溃，并不总能使其恢复。N'Harcha与其他来自中阿特拉斯的记录的比较表明，Cedrus atlantica冰川后的范围移动既不均匀也不同步。它很可能是一个马赛克图案，具有明显的空间和时间变化。这些发现强调了将Cedrus全新世范围动力学解释为跨越摩洛哥山脉的复杂的、逐步的森林重组的必要性，而不是将其解释为单一的区域过程。在持续的气候变化背景下，从杉木森林向开放的、耐应力的组合转变——通过物化和阶梯化的过程——引起了迫切的保护问题。山区避难所可能是这种对热敏感的针叶树的最后据点，强调需要优先考虑栖息地保护，尽量减少人类压力，并保持生态系统的弹性。

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引用次数: 0

Foraminiferal and environmental change across the younger Dryas chronozone, NW Baffin Bay 西北巴芬湾新仙女木期的有孔虫和环境变化

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109651

Stephen J. Culver , David J. Mallinson , Seth R. Sutton , Christopher R. Moore , Allen West , Malcolm A. LeCompte

Microfossils have been used extensively in the Baffin Bay region to reconstruct Late Pleistocene and Holocene paleoenvironmental/paleoceanographic conditions. The foraminifera of three northeast Baffin Bay slope/basin cores and a core from northern Baffin Bay at the mouth of Jones Sound have been documented to investigate paleoenvironmental changes across the Younger Dryas (YD) interval. Seventeen new foraminifera-based AMS C-14 age estimates provide the temporal context. YD sediments in mid-slope cores 64 and 77 and basinal core 67 occur between two widely recognized intervals (BBDC 1 and BBDC 0) characterized by carbonate-rich, ice-rafted debris (IRD). These occurred late in the Bølling–Allerød (BA) warm interval and during the immediately post-YD warming in the early Holocene, respectively. Despite containing this sedimentological signal, cores 64, 67 and 77 contain foraminiferal assemblages related to depth of water and associated water masses, and do not demonstrate a signal that can be definitively attributed to the Younger Dryas cold climatic event. In contrast, core 52, from a cross-shelf trough at the mouth of Jones Sound, does not exhibit the two distinctive IRD units. Presumably this is due to its location north of Lancaster Sound, the likely source of much IRD for Baffin Bay. It does, however, exhibit distinctive foraminiferal assemblages for the relatively warm BA, the cold YD, and the relatively warm early Holocene that can be attributed to environmental changes. These assemblages, however, are not diagnostic of the YD. Retreat of the ice margin into Jones Sound occurred by 14,354‒13690 cal yr BP, earlier than previously indicated.

微化石在巴芬湾地区被广泛用于重建晚更新世和全新世的古环境/古海洋条件。本文记录了巴芬湾东北部三个斜坡/盆地岩心和巴芬湾北部琼斯湾河口的一个岩心的有孔虫，以研究新仙女木期（YD）的古环境变化。17个新的基于有孔虫的AMS C-14年龄估计提供了时间背景。中坡岩心64、77和盆地岩心67的YD沉积物位于BBDC 1和BBDC 0两个公认的以富碳酸盐、冰屑（IRD）为特征的层段之间。这些变化分别发生在全新世早期Bølling-Allerød （BA）暖期后期和yd后暖期。尽管含有这种沉积学信号，但岩心64、67和77含有与水深度和相关水团相关的有孔虫组合，并且不能证明可以明确归因于新仙女木期冷气候事件的信号。相比之下，来自琼斯湾口的交叉架槽的52号核心没有表现出两个独特的IRD单元。据推测，这是由于它位于兰开斯特海峡以北，这可能是巴芬湾大部分IRD的来源。然而，在相对温暖的BA、寒冷的YD和相对温暖的全新世早期，它确实表现出独特的有孔虫组合，这可归因于环境变化。然而，这些组合并不能诊断YD。冰缘向琼斯湾的退缩发生在14354 - 13690万年BP之前，比之前指出的要早。

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引用次数: 0

The ‘La Celle interglacial’: a key-record of MIS 11c palaeoenvironments and palaeoclimate in NW Europe “La cellle间冰期”：欧洲西北部MIS 11c古环境和古气候的重要记录

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109667

N. Limondin-Lozouet , J. Dabkowski , P. Antoine , J.J. Bahain , P. Voinchet , K.E.H. Penkman , D. White , M.C. Jolly-Saad , P. Auguste , B. Ghaleb

The La Celle calcareous tufa formation, located in the Seine valley (Paris Basin, France) provides an exceptional stratigraphic record (9 m thick), yielding a wide variety of palaeontological remains (molluscs, leaf prints, ostracods, mammals) as well as geochemical data allowing a detailed reconstruction of the environmental and climatic dynamics during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11c interglacial. The chronological assignment of the site is particularly well constrained by a number of methods (U-series, electron spin resonance, thermoluminescence). This review synthesises previously published data as well as new research on the formation of the deposit (stratigraphy, micromorphology), amino-acid geochronology, palaeobotany, and compares these results with those of European palynological references. Several important markers of the continental environments during MIS 11c are identified. The malacological succession is of particular importance for reconstructing the vegetation dynamics, reflecting the expansion of forest biotopes and their subsequent degradation and is closely linked to geochemical analyses, providing a reliable framework for the associated climatic conditions. The La Celle sequence yields the only complete record for the development of the “Lyrodiscus fauna”, a characteristic biostratigraphic signature of MIS 11c in NW Europe. The long molluscan succession of La Celle is the relevant reference for the integration of shorter regional malacological series into the environmental dynamics of the interglacial. The occurrence of several Mediterranean trees, and mammal remains of Hippopotamus and Macaca are registered during the climatic optimum revealed by geochemistry. Together with isotopic data this set of thermophilic bioproxies indicates the warmest and wettest conditions ever recorded for late Middle Pleistocene interglacials in the region. Comparison of the reconstructed palaeoenvironmental and climatic succession with the nearest long pollen series demonstrates that the La Celle tufa deposit records almost the entire interglacial. Therefore, the “La Celle Interglacial” is proposed as a major reference for understanding the evolution of the MIS 11c continental landscapes and biodiversity in northwestern Europe.

位于法国塞纳河流域（巴黎盆地）的La cellle钙质凝灰岩地层提供了一个特殊的地层记录（9米厚），产生了各种各样的古生物遗迹（软体动物，叶印，介形虫，哺乳动物）以及地球化学数据，可以详细重建海洋同位素阶段（MIS） 11c间冰期的环境和气候动态。该位置的时间分配特别受到许多方法（u系列，电子自旋共振，热释光）的约束。这篇综述综合了以前发表的数据以及关于矿床形成（地层学、微形态学）、氨基酸年代学、古植物学的新研究，并将这些结果与欧洲孢粉学参考文献进行了比较。确定了MIS 11c期间大陆环境的几个重要标志。malacological演替对重建植被动态特别重要，反映了森林生物群落的扩展及其随后的退化，并与地球化学分析密切相关，为相关气候条件提供了可靠的框架。La cellle层序为“Lyrodiscus动物群”的发育提供了唯一完整的记录，这是欧洲西北部MIS 11c的典型生物地层标志。La Celle的长软体动物演替是将较短的区域malacological序列整合到间冰期环境动力学中的相关参考。在地球化学揭示的气候最适期，记录了几种地中海树木的出现，以及河马和猕猴等哺乳动物的遗迹。与同位素数据一起，这组嗜热生物代用物显示出该地区中更新世晚期间冰期有记录以来最温暖和最潮湿的条件。将重建的古环境和气候演替序列与最近的长花粉序列进行比较，表明La Celle凝灰岩沉积几乎记录了整个间冰期。因此，“La Celle间冰期”被认为是了解欧洲西北部MIS 11c大陆景观和生物多样性演变的主要参考。

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引用次数: 0