Pub Date : 2024-10-07DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105352
Shunli Ding, Minghao Huang
The resource curse phenomenon poses serious challenges for many economies globally. This study examines the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investments on the Resource Curse Vulnerability Index for 40 Chinese fossil fuel enterprises listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2020. Using an autoregressive distributed lag approach, results show that ESG investments reduce vulnerability, with a 1% increase leading to a 0.43% decrease in the short term and 0.69% in the long term. However, higher total liabilities and increased Research and Development (R&D) expenditures exacerbate vulnerability. These findings suggest that financial strain and management complexity heighten resource curse risks. Policies promoting robust ESG standards, transparent reporting, and stricter anti-greenwashing regulations are crucial for sustainable enterprise management.
{"title":"Is ESG improvement an efficient green solution for resource curse vulnerability of enterprise management? Evidence from fossil fuels extraction industry","authors":"Shunli Ding, Minghao Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The resource curse phenomenon poses serious challenges for many economies globally. This study examines the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investments on the Resource Curse Vulnerability Index for 40 Chinese fossil fuel enterprises listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2020. Using an autoregressive distributed lag approach, results show that ESG investments reduce vulnerability, with a 1% increase leading to a 0.43% decrease in the short term and 0.69% in the long term. However, higher total liabilities and increased Research and Development (R&D) expenditures exacerbate vulnerability. These findings suggest that financial strain and management complexity heighten resource curse risks. Policies promoting robust ESG standards, transparent reporting, and stricter anti-greenwashing regulations are crucial for sustainable enterprise management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 105352"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105341
Iram Tahir , Khuram Shahzad , M. Sebnem Ensari
The mining industry is a key driver of the global economy, with many other industries relying on the mining sector for their growth. Despite its importance, the mining industry is mired with challenges of supply chain traceability, transparency, corruption, inefficiencies, data loss, etc., all of which create the need for innovative solutions involving emerging technologies that can streamline these processes and enhance their reliability. Blockchain is an emerging technology that has the potential to address most of these challenges in an effective manner. This study looks at the feasibility of utilising Blockchain technology for the management of Reko Diq copper-gold project in Pakistan, which faces similar issues, including lack of trust between stakeholders, corruption, sustainability problems, environmental degradation, and a legal battle. This qualitative study used six semi-structured interviews of stakeholders in Pakistan who had knowledge of the potential of Blockchain technology for the management of the Reko Diq project. The key themes that were identified in the study include Relations between Stakeholders, Environmental and Economic Sustainability, and Infrastructure Limitations. The Technology Acceptance Model was applied to the study, and the findings of the study support one tenet of the model - perceived usefulness; however, perceived ease of use was not supported. The Blockchain Screening Tool was also used to assess the feasibility of Blockchain implementation for the Reko Diq project. The findings indicate that the Reko Diq project is an ideal candidate for Blockchain implementation to enhance trust, transparency and credibility of the project.
采矿业是全球经济的主要驱动力，许多其他行业的增长都依赖于采矿业。尽管采矿业非常重要，但它也面临着供应链可追溯性、透明度、腐败、效率低下、数据丢失等挑战，所有这些问题都需要涉及新兴技术的创新解决方案，以简化这些流程并提高其可靠性。区块链是一种新兴技术，有可能以有效的方式应对其中大部分挑战。本研究探讨了利用区块链技术管理巴基斯坦 Reko Diq 铜金项目的可行性，该项目面临着类似的问题，包括利益相关者之间缺乏信任、腐败、可持续发展问题、环境退化和法律诉讼。这项定性研究采用了六次半结构式访谈，访谈对象是巴基斯坦的利益相关者，他们了解区块链技术在管理 Reko Diq 项目方面的潜力。研究中确定的关键主题包括利益相关者之间的关系、环境和经济可持续性以及基础设施的局限性。本研究采用了技术接受模型，研究结果支持该模型的一个原则--感知有用性；但不支持感知易用性。区块链筛选工具也用于评估 Reko Diq 项目实施区块链的可行性。研究结果表明，Reko Diq 项目是实施区块链的理想候选项目，可以增强项目的信任度、透明度和可信度。
{"title":"Utilising blockchain technology for managing natural resources: A case study of Reko Diq copper-gold project, Pakistan","authors":"Iram Tahir , Khuram Shahzad , M. Sebnem Ensari","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mining industry is a key driver of the global economy, with many other industries relying on the mining sector for their growth. Despite its importance, the mining industry is mired with challenges of supply chain traceability, transparency, corruption, inefficiencies, data loss, etc., all of which create the need for innovative solutions involving emerging technologies that can streamline these processes and enhance their reliability. Blockchain is an emerging technology that has the potential to address most of these challenges in an effective manner. This study looks at the feasibility of utilising Blockchain technology for the management of Reko Diq copper-gold project in Pakistan, which faces similar issues, including lack of trust between stakeholders, corruption, sustainability problems, environmental degradation, and a legal battle. This qualitative study used six semi-structured interviews of stakeholders in Pakistan who had knowledge of the potential of Blockchain technology for the management of the Reko Diq project. The key themes that were identified in the study include Relations between Stakeholders, Environmental and Economic Sustainability, and Infrastructure Limitations. The Technology Acceptance Model was applied to the study, and the findings of the study support one tenet of the model - perceived usefulness; however, perceived ease of use was not supported. The Blockchain Screening Tool was also used to assess the feasibility of Blockchain implementation for the Reko Diq project. The findings indicate that the Reko Diq project is an ideal candidate for Blockchain implementation to enhance trust, transparency and credibility of the project.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 105341"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to study the potential systemic risk transmission in cobalt trade, this paper combined the infectious disease model with complex networks to build a multi-layer network trade risk transmission model for cobalt trade based on the transmission of export restrictions and bilateral friction in a single country, in order to simulate the degree of impact of risk transmission in cobalt industry chain, identify key countries and risk transmission paths. The results show that multi-layer network risk transmission of global cobalt trade based on two communication forms has the characteristics of “robust and fragile”. In addition, the risk transmission situation based on bilateral frictions is mainly transmitted by core countries and direct contacts. The risk transmission based on the export restriction of a single country is mainly through direct contact, indirect contact and regional transmission. We also find that the multi-layer trade network of global cobalt trade can resist the bilateral frictional transmission mode better than the transmission mode of single country export restriction. The results can support policy makers to optimize the cobalt trade structure and mitigate the negative impact of trade disruptions.
{"title":"Trade risk transmission of global cobalt industrial chain based on multi-layer network","authors":"Yingli Li , Jianbai Huang , Anqi Zeng , Hongwei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to study the potential systemic risk transmission in cobalt trade, this paper combined the infectious disease model with complex networks to build a multi-layer network trade risk transmission model for cobalt trade based on the transmission of export restrictions and bilateral friction in a single country, in order to simulate the degree of impact of risk transmission in cobalt industry chain, identify key countries and risk transmission paths. The results show that multi-layer network risk transmission of global cobalt trade based on two communication forms has the characteristics of “robust and fragile”. In addition, the risk transmission situation based on bilateral frictions is mainly transmitted by core countries and direct contacts. The risk transmission based on the export restriction of a single country is mainly through direct contact, indirect contact and regional transmission. We also find that the multi-layer trade network of global cobalt trade can resist the bilateral frictional transmission mode better than the transmission mode of single country export restriction. The results can support policy makers to optimize the cobalt trade structure and mitigate the negative impact of trade disruptions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 105338"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105348
Oliver Daniel Tomassi , Abel Alfred Kinyondo
Transitions towards sustainability are crucial in the natural resource sector in Africa, particularly in artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM). This sector is notably characterized by the extensive use of mercury for gold extraction, which poses significant risks to both human health and ecosystems. This study focuses on Tanzania, where international incentives to reduce mercury have led the state to promote alternative methods and scale up production primarily through cyanide leaching—a more mechanized gold extraction technique.
This article examines the implementation of these strategies, identifies the barriers hindering this transition, and explores the resulting inequalities. We employ a mixed methods approach, combining surveys, semi-structured interviews, and participant observation. We adopt the Sustainability and Just Transitions frameworks for the Global South, arguing that applying an in-depth relational approach to the interactions between actors and technologies can illuminate the persistence of environmentally unsustainable practices within the local context. In conclusion, we advocate for international strategies aimed at the Global South to consider the how promoting the eradication of environmentally unsustainable practices can affect livelihood creation mechanisms.
{"title":"Technology, capital, and sustainability: Frontiers in just transitions for African mining","authors":"Oliver Daniel Tomassi , Abel Alfred Kinyondo","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transitions towards sustainability are crucial in the natural resource sector in Africa, particularly in artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM). This sector is notably characterized by the extensive use of mercury for gold extraction, which poses significant risks to both human health and ecosystems. This study focuses on Tanzania, where international incentives to reduce mercury have led the state to promote alternative methods and scale up production primarily through cyanide leaching—a more mechanized gold extraction technique.</div><div>This article examines the implementation of these strategies, identifies the barriers hindering this transition, and explores the resulting inequalities. We employ a mixed methods approach, combining surveys, semi-structured interviews, and participant observation. We adopt the Sustainability and Just Transitions frameworks for the Global South, arguing that applying an in-depth relational approach to the interactions between actors and technologies can illuminate the persistence of environmentally unsustainable practices within the local context. In conclusion, we advocate for international strategies aimed at the Global South to consider the how promoting the eradication of environmentally unsustainable practices can affect livelihood creation mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 105348"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines whether the capacity of the government to formulate and implement sound policies effectively (regulatory quality and government effectiveness) can improve the relationship between natural resource rents and renewable energy consumption. We analyze 96 countries from 2000 to 2020 using a panel threshold regression estimation method and divide these countries into three income groups for heterogeneity analysis. The results show that (i) The correlation between natural resource rents and renewable energy consumption exhibits a non-linear pattern, which shows a "U-shaped." (ii) When regulatory quality and government effectiveness are enhanced, the negative influence of natural resource rents on renewable energy consumption is attenuated or even reversed. This indicates that the formulation and effective implementation of sound policies by the government are conducive to mitigating and even reshaping the curse of natural resources on renewable energy. (iii) Regulatory quality and government effectiveness have the most significant influence in high income countries and the smallest impact in countries with low incomes, while there is some uncertainty about the impact in middle income countries.
{"title":"Are natural resources a blessing or a curse for renewable energy? Uncovering the role of regulatory quality and government effectiveness in mitigating the curse","authors":"Zequn Dong , Chaodan Tan , Wenxue Zhang , Lixiang Zhang , Lingran Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines whether the capacity of the government to formulate and implement sound policies effectively (regulatory quality and government effectiveness) can improve the relationship between natural resource rents and renewable energy consumption. We analyze 96 countries from 2000 to 2020 using a panel threshold regression estimation method and divide these countries into three income groups for heterogeneity analysis. The results show that (i) The correlation between natural resource rents and renewable energy consumption exhibits a non-linear pattern, which shows a \"U-shaped.\" (ii) When regulatory quality and government effectiveness are enhanced, the negative influence of natural resource rents on renewable energy consumption is attenuated or even reversed. This indicates that the formulation and effective implementation of sound policies by the government are conducive to mitigating and even reshaping the curse of natural resources on renewable energy. (iii) Regulatory quality and government effectiveness have the most significant influence in high income countries and the smallest impact in countries with low incomes, while there is some uncertainty about the impact in middle income countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 105346"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105343
Achtee Al Yussef
The resource curse literature often posits that public employment in resource-rich economies tends to be large, driven by motivations beyond public goods provision. One set of theories attributes this phenomenon to (ethnic) clientelism, but lacks robust empirical support. Another set of theories challenges the notion of (ethnic) clientelism, suggesting that the expansion of public sector employment serves as a form of social insurance in the absence administrative tools to redistribute income. This study diverges from the conventional story of an invariably positive association between resource abundance and public sector employment. Instead, I show that the positive correlation between resource abundance and public sector employment only holds when ethnic fractionalization is low. In countries with high levels of ethnic fractionalization, the relationship weakens and can even reverse. This is because an increase in public sector employment tends to dilute public sector wages, diminishing the attractiveness of public sector jobs as clientelist rewards. The empirical analysis supports this claim: when ethnic fractionalization is low, more resource rents correspond to higher public sector employment and lower (or even negative) public sector wage premiums; when ethnic fractionalization is high, the opposite holds: more resource rents correspond to fewer public sector jobs but larger public sector wage premiums.
{"title":"Resource rents, ethnic fractionalization and redistributive public sector employment","authors":"Achtee Al Yussef","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The resource curse literature often posits that public employment in resource-rich economies tends to be large, driven by motivations beyond public goods provision. One set of theories attributes this phenomenon to (ethnic) clientelism, but lacks robust empirical support. Another set of theories challenges the notion of (ethnic) clientelism, suggesting that the expansion of public sector employment serves as a form of social insurance in the absence administrative tools to redistribute income. This study diverges from the conventional story of an invariably positive association between resource abundance and public sector employment. Instead, I show that the positive correlation between resource abundance and public sector employment only holds when ethnic fractionalization is low. In countries with high levels of ethnic fractionalization, the relationship weakens and can even reverse. This is because an increase in public sector employment tends to dilute public sector wages, diminishing the attractiveness of public sector jobs as clientelist rewards. The empirical analysis supports this claim: when ethnic fractionalization is low, more resource rents correspond to higher public sector employment and lower (or even negative) public sector wage premiums; when ethnic fractionalization is high, the opposite holds: more resource rents correspond to fewer public sector jobs but larger public sector wage premiums.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 105343"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105340
Xiongying Li, Hongjing Ou, Puyan Nie
Sustainable mineral policies are needed to achieve environmental and social equity in the global South. This study explores the need to align mineral mining in the global South with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It studies the impact of mineral mining on sustainability in 29 global South economies from 2000 to 2021. It also conducts robustness analysis and heterogeneity tests to analyze the mediation effect and the impact of the release of SDGs on sustainability. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Mineral mining has an inhibitory effect on sustainable development and has become a constraint for the achievement of sustainable development goals in the global South; (2) The more mineral-rich a country is, the more serious the adverse impact of mining activities is. The harm of mineral mining to sustainable development is most serious in Africa; (3) Mineral mining leads to an increase in ecological footprint and undermines environmental sustainability, while mineral rents may become a source of funds for clean production, offsetting the adverse effects of mineral mining; (4) The release of SDGs has prompted leaders of various countries to legislate and reform in the field of minerals, helping countries achieve sustainable development goals. The research results provide an effective reference for promoting environmental and social sustainable development in the global South.
{"title":"Assessment of the relationship between mineral extraction in the southern hemisphere and sustainable development","authors":"Xiongying Li, Hongjing Ou, Puyan Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable mineral policies are needed to achieve environmental and social equity in the global South. This study explores the need to align mineral mining in the global South with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It studies the impact of mineral mining on sustainability in 29 global South economies from 2000 to 2021. It also conducts robustness analysis and heterogeneity tests to analyze the mediation effect and the impact of the release of SDGs on sustainability. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Mineral mining has an inhibitory effect on sustainable development and has become a constraint for the achievement of sustainable development goals in the global South; (2) The more mineral-rich a country is, the more serious the adverse impact of mining activities is. The harm of mineral mining to sustainable development is most serious in Africa; (3) Mineral mining leads to an increase in ecological footprint and undermines environmental sustainability, while mineral rents may become a source of funds for clean production, offsetting the adverse effects of mineral mining; (4) The release of SDGs has prompted leaders of various countries to legislate and reform in the field of minerals, helping countries achieve sustainable development goals. The research results provide an effective reference for promoting environmental and social sustainable development in the global South.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 105340"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105326
Geraldo Timbe , Flávio L. Pinheiro , Wouter Bam , Dominik Hartmann , Karolien De Bruyne
Recent research has shown that a lack of structural transformation predicates the onset of the resource curse, that is, the notion that resource-rich countries paradoxically have lower growth prospects in the long run. Such structural transformations can be mapped through economic complexity indicators, which have been shown to predict the long-term economic underperformance of countries before it is manifested in lower economic growth rates. Economic complexity thus provides countries with an early warning before the onset of the resource curse. FDI and effective industrial policy have been proposed as potential tools to facilitate diversification and counter the resource curse. Emerging insights from economic complexity can further unpack how FDI and industrial policy impact the resource curse. To illustrate this, we critically evaluate the role that FDI and industrial policy have played in the case of Mozambique. We investigate whether these tools have contributed to circumventing or accelerating the onset of the resource curse in the country. Our empirical results cover a period between 1996 and 2019, showing that FDI mainly focussed on natural resource products in the periphery of the product space with a low to average product complexity index. Moreover, industrial policies have also promoted diversification into some related mining goods and relatively simple activities, such as textiles and agriculture, that would only slightly improve the country's overall complexity but not lead to structural realignment. Neither FDI nor industrial policies have exploited the most promising new industrial opportunities associated with mining activities, which can help master new technological and productive knowledge. Where industrial policy has targeted more complex goods, these have often been unrelated to existing capabilities and consequently been unsuccessful. Hence, despite the economic growth that Mozambique has experienced, it has not been able to improve its industrial structure, which points towards the eventual onset of the resource curse. Based on these observations, we make recommendations on how FDI and industrial policies could be refocused in a smart diversification direction to improve Mozambique's industrial structure in a promising and achievable direction.
{"title":"Is natural resource abundance a curse or an opportunity? Economic complexity, FDI, and industrial policies in Mozambique","authors":"Geraldo Timbe , Flávio L. Pinheiro , Wouter Bam , Dominik Hartmann , Karolien De Bruyne","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research has shown that a lack of structural transformation predicates the onset of the resource curse, that is, the notion that resource-rich countries paradoxically have lower growth prospects in the long run. Such structural transformations can be mapped through economic complexity indicators, which have been shown to predict the long-term economic underperformance of countries before it is manifested in lower economic growth rates. Economic complexity thus provides countries with an early warning before the onset of the resource curse. FDI and effective industrial policy have been proposed as potential tools to facilitate diversification and counter the resource curse. Emerging insights from economic complexity can further unpack how FDI and industrial policy impact the resource curse. To illustrate this, we critically evaluate the role that FDI and industrial policy have played in the case of Mozambique. We investigate whether these tools have contributed to circumventing or accelerating the onset of the resource curse in the country. Our empirical results cover a period between 1996 and 2019, showing that FDI mainly focussed on natural resource products in the periphery of the product space with a low to average product complexity index. Moreover, industrial policies have also promoted diversification into some related mining goods and relatively simple activities, such as textiles and agriculture, that would only slightly improve the country's overall complexity but not lead to structural realignment. Neither FDI nor industrial policies have exploited the most promising new industrial opportunities associated with mining activities, which can help master new technological and productive knowledge. Where industrial policy has targeted more complex goods, these have often been unrelated to existing capabilities and consequently been unsuccessful. Hence, despite the economic growth that Mozambique has experienced, it has not been able to improve its industrial structure, which points towards the eventual onset of the resource curse. Based on these observations, we make recommendations on how FDI and industrial policies could be refocused in a smart diversification direction to improve Mozambique's industrial structure in a promising and achievable direction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 105326"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105339
Xiaowei Ma , Xueya Xu , Zijie Wang , Xin Zhao , Hyoungsuk Lee , Tadeusz Truskolaski
The sustainable development of the mining industry is essential for economic growth. However, this practice necessitates environmental protection and social sustainability. This study uses the super-efficient epsilon-based measure (EBM) model to measure mining energy efficiency (MEE) based on panel data for 30 provinces from 2007 to 2021 in China. We empirically examined the effects of technological innovation (TEC) on MEE and the mediating and threshold effects of industrial structure upgrading (IS) between the two through the fixed, mediating, and threshold effects models. The study findings show that TEC is conducive to enhancing MEE and that this role is relatively robust regarding the mechanism of action. TEC enhances the MEE industry through the IS. We observed the impact of TEC on MEE in the threshold effect of IS—as the level of IS rises, the role of TEC on MEE shows an increasing marginal effect. Therefore, the government should encourage the construction and innovation of technology to optimise the industrial structure and layout and improve energy efficiency in the regional mining industry. This study is a useful supplement to the study of MEE and provides new perspectives and methods for understanding and improving MEE. Meanwhile, the study results provide an important reference for the government to formulate long-term planning and policies for mining development, which is of great significance for optimising the structure of mining resources and improving MEE in the region.
采矿业的可持续发展对经济增长至关重要。然而，这种做法需要环境保护和社会可持续发展。本研究基于 2007 年至 2021 年中国 30 个省份的面板数据，采用基于ε的超效率计量（EBM）模型来衡量采矿能效（MEE）。通过固定效应、中介效应和门槛效应模型，实证检验了技术创新（TEC）对矿业能效的影响，以及产业结构升级（IS）在二者之间的中介效应和门槛效应。研究结果表明，技术创新（TEC）有利于提升 MEE，而且这种作用在作用机制上相对稳健。技术执行委员会通过基础设施服务增强了 MEE 产业。我们观察到 TEC 对 MEE 的影响体现在 IS 的门槛效应上，随着 IS 水平的提高，TEC 对 MEE 的作用呈现边际效应递增的趋势。因此，政府应鼓励技术建设和创新，优化产业结构和布局，提高区域矿业的能源效率。本研究是对 MEE 研究的有益补充，为理解和改进 MEE 提供了新的视角和方法。同时，研究成果为政府制定矿业发展的长远规划和政策提供了重要参考，对优化地区矿业资源结构、提高MEE具有重要意义。
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Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105336
Bo Zhou , Wenjiao Wu , Siwei Dong , Xiaoxiao Zhang , Jingyi Li
Mineral sustainability has become a crucial topic for economists in recent decades. This study provides key insights into China's sustainability challenges, particularly regarding ferrous mineral production, economic resilience, and low-carbon transition goals. Using data from 1980 to 2022 analyzed with the ARDL technique, the research highlights significant negative impacts of ferrous mineral production, economic uncertainty, and carbon emissions on green energy progress. This underscores the need for urgent actions to enhance sustainability in the mineral sector and support green energy initiatives. Economic instability hampers long-term green energy development, making economic resilience essential. Sustainable population management is also crucial due to its effects on green energy advancement. Conversely, ICT advancements offer promise for sustainable development. China should implement a comprehensive policy framework focused on sustainable mineral use, carbon reduction, and economic stability, including measures such as promoting electric vehicles and improving green tax efficiency.
{"title":"Sustainable integration of mineral resources, low carbon transition, and economic resilience in China","authors":"Bo Zhou , Wenjiao Wu , Siwei Dong , Xiaoxiao Zhang , Jingyi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mineral sustainability has become a crucial topic for economists in recent decades. This study provides key insights into China's sustainability challenges, particularly regarding ferrous mineral production, economic resilience, and low-carbon transition goals. Using data from 1980 to 2022 analyzed with the ARDL technique, the research highlights significant negative impacts of ferrous mineral production, economic uncertainty, and carbon emissions on green energy progress. This underscores the need for urgent actions to enhance sustainability in the mineral sector and support green energy initiatives. Economic instability hampers long-term green energy development, making economic resilience essential. Sustainable population management is also crucial due to its effects on green energy advancement. Conversely, ICT advancements offer promise for sustainable development. China should implement a comprehensive policy framework focused on sustainable mineral use, carbon reduction, and economic stability, including measures such as promoting electric vehicles and improving green tax efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 105336"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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