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The effects of critical mineral endowments on green economic growth in Latin America 关键矿产禀赋对拉丁美洲绿色经济增长的影响

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105355

Young Kyu Hwang , Ángeles Sánchez Díez , Roula Inglesi-Lotz

In the context of global low-carbon energy transition for addressing the climate crisis and global warming, soaring demand for critical minerals—essential inputs for most clean energy technologies—is expected in the coming decades. However, extracting critical minerals from the mine might have significant negative impacts on environmental sustainability and the socioeconomic well-being of the citizens where such activities take place. The paramount importance of critical minerals for global net-zero goals and their controversy on sustainable development goals motivated us to investigate the effects of critical minerals on green growth in 10 mineral-rich Latin American countries from 2000 to 2020. Firstly, the effect of critical minerals on green growth is analyzed in both disaggregated and aggregated terms. Subsequently, the moderation effect of institutional quality is examined on the nexus between critical minerals and green growth. After which, the non-linear effect of critical minerals on green growth is analyzed, conditioned on the values of five threshold variables using panel fixed-effect threshold regression. Lastly, the primary channels by which critical minerals affect green growth are identified using panel mediation analysis. The findings of this study are highlighted as follows: In aggregate terms, critical mineral contributes to increasing green growth, but its effect depends largely on the type of each critical mineral. When combined with critical minerals, the moderation effect of institutions on green economic growth is ambiguous. The effect of critical minerals varies significantly and shows non-linearity depending on the values of each threshold variable. Critical minerals influence green growth through five channels: exchange rate, renewable energy share in electricity capacity, fossil fuel dependency, government debt, and economic complexity.

在为应对气候危机和全球变暖而进行全球低碳能源转型的背景下，预计未来几十年对关键矿物--大多数清洁能源技术的必要投入--的需求将激增。然而，从矿山开采关键矿物可能会对环境可持续性和活动所在地公民的社会经济福祉产生重大负面影响。关键矿产对全球净零排放目标的极端重要性及其对可持续发展目标的争议促使我们调查 2000 年至 2020 年关键矿产对 10 个矿产丰富的拉美国家绿色增长的影响。首先，我们从分类和总量两个方面分析了关键矿物质对绿色增长的影响。随后，研究了制度质量对关键矿产与绿色增长之间关系的调节作用。之后，利用面板固定效应阈值回归分析了关键矿产对绿色增长的非线性影响，条件是五个阈值变量的值。最后，利用面板中介分析确定了关键矿物质影响绿色增长的主要渠道。本研究的结论重点如下：从总体上看，关键矿物质有助于提高绿色增长，但其影响主要取决于每种关键矿物质的类型。当与关键矿产相结合时，制度对绿色经济增长的调节作用是模糊的。临界矿物质的影响差异显著，并呈现出非线性，这取决于每个临界变量的值。关键矿产通过五个渠道影响绿色增长：汇率、可再生能源在电力产能中的份额、化石燃料依赖性、政府债务和经济复杂性。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable financing solutions for the growth of resource-driven economies in the digital economy age 数字经济时代资源驱动型经济体增长的可持续融资解决方案

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105350

Peng Nie , Juncheng Zhong , Zhengliang Ren , Jinglei Huang

This study examines the effects of sustainable finance and digitalization on economic development in 15 resource-rich nations from 2000 to 2020, utilizing the ARDL-CCEMG technique. The results indicate that digitalization significantly boosts economic growth, with a 1% increase in ICT development leading to a 0.45% short-term and 0.32% long-term growth. Green finance positively impacts long-term growth, though short-term effects are minimal. Positive correlations are found between economic factors such as patent ownership, workforce size, investment, and fossil fuel consumption. The study highlights the need to expand and improve the green finance market to tackle sustainability challenges. Recommended strategies include enhancing green finance through digitalization, fostering sustainable development education, linking FDI to sustainability, improving fossil fuel efficiency via green technologies, and increasing private investment in renewable energy projects.

本研究利用 ARDL-CCEMG 技术，探讨了 2000 年至 2020 年期间可持续金融和数字化对 15 个资源丰富国家经济发展的影响。研究结果表明，数字化极大地促进了经济增长，信息和通信技术发展每增长 1%，短期经济增长为 0.45%，长期经济增长为 0.32%。绿色金融对长期增长有积极影响，但短期影响甚微。研究发现，专利所有权、劳动力规模、投资和化石燃料消耗等经济因素之间存在正相关关系。研究强调了扩大和改善绿色金融市场以应对可持续发展挑战的必要性。建议采取的战略包括通过数字化加强绿色金融、促进可持续发展教育、将外国直接投资与可持续发展联系起来、通过绿色技术提高化石燃料效率以及增加对可再生能源项目的私人投资。

引用次数: 0

Frontier technology readiness and mineral resources utilization effect on load capacity factor: Mediating function of fintech indicators 前沿技术准备程度和矿产资源利用率对负载能力系数的影响：金融科技指标的中介功能

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105334

Ying Han, Liwen Sun

The consistent exploitation of mineral resources is leading to an imbalance between the ecological footprint and biodiversity, thereby affecting the load capacity factor (LCF). In this digital era, financial technologies (fintech) and the readiness for frontier technologies have the potential to impact LCF significantly. This study evaluates the influence of mineral resources and frontier technology readiness indicators (FTRI) on LCF in thirty-two developed countries from 2014 to 2020. Additionally, it explores the mediating role of fintech instruments, specifically digital capital raising and digital lending, on FTRI. Through structural equation modeling, the findings indicate that fintech indicators have a direct and positive impact on LCF. Surprisingly, mineral resources also show a significantly positive influence on LCF. In contrast, FTRI has an insignificant direct influence on LCF, but it indirectly enhances LCF by improving digital capital and digital lending. In terms of indirect effects, the combined impact of fintech indicators is stronger than their individual effects. These results provide valuable insights for policy recommendations.

矿产资源的持续开采正在导致生态足迹与生物多样性之间的失衡，从而影响负载能力系数（LCF）。在这个数字化时代，金融技术（fintech）和前沿技术的准备程度有可能对LCF产生重大影响。本研究评估了矿产资源和前沿技术准备程度指标（FTRI）对 32 个发达国家 2014 年至 2020 年 LCF 的影响。此外，本研究还探讨了金融科技工具（特别是数字集资和数字借贷）对前沿技术准备指数的中介作用。通过结构方程模型，研究结果表明，金融科技指标对LCF具有直接和积极的影响。令人惊讶的是，矿产资源也对 LCF 产生了显著的积极影响。相比之下，FTRI 对 LCF 的直接影响并不明显，但它通过改善数字资本和数字借贷间接提高了 LCF。就间接影响而言，金融科技指标的综合影响强于其单独影响。这些结果为政策建议提供了宝贵的启示。

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引用次数: 0

Eco-tech fusion: Unraveling the nonparametric causal effects of fintech, natural resources, digital infrastructure, and economic growth on environmental sustainability from a quantile perspective 生态技术融合：从量化视角解读金融科技、自然资源、数字基础设施和经济增长对环境可持续性的非参数因果效应

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105324

Mansoora Ahmed , Asadullah Khaskheli , Syed Ali Raza , M. Kabir Hassan

Environmental sustainability has the potential to uphold an ecological balance in the natural environment. Unfortunately, it is challenging due to the environment's multifaceted nature and the complex interlinkages of environment with social, economic, and technology-related factors. The current study inspects the causal effect of fintech, natural resource rent, digital infrastructure, and economic growth in relation to environmental sustainability. This study comprises the time frame of 2002–2022 in the BRICS nations. The "nonparametric causality-in quantiles approach" has been applied, which is an advanced econometric tool. The results confirm that all BRICS countries, i.e., Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, show a significant causal impact of the said predictors on sustainable environment in most cases. This study is significant for scholars, investors, policymakers, manufacturers, and environmental regulatory bodies.

环境可持续性具有维护自然环境生态平衡的潜力。遗憾的是，由于环境的多面性以及环境与社会、经济和技术相关因素之间复杂的相互联系，实现环境可持续发展具有挑战性。本研究探讨了金融科技、自然资源租金、数字基础设施和经济增长与环境可持续性之间的因果关系。本研究的时间范围为金砖国家的 2002-2022 年。研究采用了先进的计量经济学工具 "非参数因果关系量化法"。结果证实，所有金砖国家，即巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非，在大多数情况下都显示出上述预测因素对可持续环境的显著因果影响。这项研究对学者、投资者、政策制定者、制造商和环境监管机构具有重要意义。

引用次数: 0

Unlocking the potential of natural resources, fintech and fiscal policy for carbon neutrality; evidence from N-11 nations 释放自然资源、金融科技和财政政策的潜力，实现碳中和；来自 N-11 国家的证据

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105344

Shaohuai Feng , Mohd Wira Mohd Shafiei , Theam Foo Ng , Jie Ren

By controlling the quantity of greenhouse gases in the natural environment, carbon neutrality is designed to reduce the adverse impacts of climate change. The specific goal can be attained by enforcing carbon dioxide elimination approaches, fostering the growth of fintech, fiscal policy tools, and funding in human development, along with the lowering of emissions. The current research analyzes the influence of the human development index (HDI), natural resources (NR), fintech (FT), and fiscal policy (FP) on carbon neutrality within the parameters of a policy structure. This task is performed with the objective of fulfilling the goals stated above. The ongoing research applies the innovative " General Method of Moment Quantile-based Regression (GMMQR)" and “Panel Quantile ARDL" techniques on a sample of N-11 nations to accomplish the goal. The outcomes support the idea that NR and FP function as pivotal factors in diminishing carbon neutrality. On the other hand, FT and HDI improve carbon neutrality. Moreover, in accordance with the heterogeneous panel causality test developed by Dumitrescu and hurlin (2012), NR, FP, HDI, and FT have been determined to have a unidirectional link with carbon neutrality. In regard to these findings, the research outlines a strategy designed to attain SDG 13 for the chosen nations. Decision-makers in these nations need to focus on policies that encourage the efficient use of natural resources. In addition, the chosen nations need to enhance their level of fintech to combat environmental degradation and achieve the targets of carbon neutrality.

通过控制自然环境中温室气体的数量，碳中和旨在减少气候变化的不利影响。在降低排放量的同时，还可以通过强制消除二氧化碳、促进金融科技发展、财政政策工具和资助人类发展来实现这一具体目标。当前的研究分析了人类发展指数（HDI）、自然资源（NR）、金融科技（FT）和财政政策（FP）在政策结构参数范围内对碳中和的影响。完成这项任务的目的是实现上述目标。为实现这一目标，正在进行的研究在 N-11 个国家的样本上应用了创新的 "基于矩量回归的一般方法（GMMQR）"和 "面板量值 ARDL "技术。研究结果表明，NR 和 FP 是降低碳中和的关键因素。另一方面，FT 和 HDI 则提高了碳中和程度。此外，根据 Dumitrescu 和 hurlin（2012 年）开发的异质面板因果检验，NR、FP、HDI 和 FT 被确定为与碳中和存在单向联系。根据这些发现，研究为所选国家制定了一项旨在实现可持续发展目标 13 的战略。这些国家的决策者需要关注鼓励有效利用自然资源的政策。此外，被选中的国家需要提高其金融科技水平，以应对环境退化并实现碳中和目标。

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引用次数: 0

Non-linear effects of three core mineral resources, energy uncertainty, and inclusive digitalization on economic growth: A comparative analysis of US and China 三大核心矿产资源、能源不确定性和包容性数字化对经济增长的非线性影响：中美比较分析

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105331

Ziming Zhao , Jinyu Chen

This study examines the asymmetric effects of mineral resources (oil, coal, and gas), digitalization, and energy uncertainty on economic growth in China and the USA. Using quarterly data from 2000 to 2022, we employ the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model to analyze these relationships. The study begins by conducting unit root tests, cointegration analysis, and asymmetry tests to establish robust connections between the variables. The long- and short-run results confirm the presence of asymmetry, as positive and negative shocks in oil rents, digitalization, and energy uncertainty affect economic growth differently. Notably, positive shocks in oil rents and digitalization favour economic growth, indicating that increases in oil rents and digital inclusion contribute to economic development. Conversely, positive shocks in energy uncertainty tend to reduce economic growth. Interestingly, the findings for China and the USA show similar asymmetric patterns; coal and natural gas rents positively influence economic growth, while the control variables suggest that capital and labour increase contribute to both countries' development. The error correction terms, 0.731 (73.1%) for China and 0.625 (62.5%) for the USA, indicate the annual rate at which asymmetric discrepancies are corrected. All diagnostic tests confirm the suitability of the NARDL model for this study. Finally, the study reveals significant bi-directional causality among all pairs of variables.

本研究探讨了矿产资源（石油、煤炭和天然气）、数字化和能源不确定性对中国和美国经济增长的非对称影响。利用 2000 年至 2022 年的季度数据，我们采用非线性自回归分布滞后（NARDL）模型来分析这些关系。研究首先进行单位根检验、协整分析和不对称检验，以建立变量之间的稳健联系。长期和短期结果证实了非对称性的存在，因为石油租金、数字化和能源不确定性的正负冲击对经济增长的影响是不同的。值得注意的是，石油租金和数字化的正向冲击有利于经济增长，这表明石油租金的增加和数字包容性有助于经济发展。相反，能源不确定性的正向冲击往往会降低经济增长。有趣的是，中国和美国的研究结果显示了类似的非对称模式；煤炭和天然气租金对经济增长产生了积极影响，而控制变量表明，资本和劳动力的增加促进了两国的发展。误差修正项，中国为 0.731（73.1%），美国为 0.625（62.5%），表示非对称差异的年修正率。所有诊断测试都证实了 NARDL 模型适用于本研究。最后，本研究揭示了所有变量对之间显著的双向因果关系。

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引用次数: 0

Resource curse, energy consumption, and moderating role of digital governance: Insights from South Asian countries 资源诅咒、能源消耗和数字治理的调节作用：南亚国家的启示

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105329

Feng Wang , Tayyaba Rani , Asif Razzaq

This study investigates the relationships between the resource curse, energy consumption, and the moderating role of digital governance within the context of South Asian countries. By employing a robust analytical framework, the study delves into how digital governance can potentially mitigate the adverse effects of the resource curse while influencing energy consumption patterns. It employs Method of Moment Quantile Regression (MMQR) on south asian countries panel from 2003 to 2022. The findings report detrimental impact of natural resources rent on economic growth, confirming resource curse hypothesis in low and high growth countries. Digital governance has a positive and significant impact at middle and higher quantiles. The joint influence of natural resources rent, and digital governance is associated with lower economic growth. It imply that digital governance doest not decreases the negative effect of natural resources rent on economic growth. Energy consumption contributes to higher economic growth from lower to higher quantiles. The interaction of digital governance and energy consumption has significant and positive impact on higher quantiles, suggesting that digital governance enhances energy consumption efficiency. These findings suggest valuable policy suggestions.

本研究以南亚国家为背景，探讨了资源诅咒、能源消耗和数字治理的调节作用之间的关系。通过采用稳健的分析框架，本研究深入探讨了数字治理如何在影响能源消费模式的同时潜在地减轻资源诅咒的不利影响。研究采用矩量回归法（MMQR）对 2003 年至 2022 年的南亚国家进行面板分析。研究结果表明，自然资源租金对经济增长产生了不利影响，证实了低增长和高增长国家的资源诅咒假说。数字治理对中等和较高数量级的国家有积极而显著的影响。自然资源租金和数字治理的共同影响与较低的经济增长相关。这意味着数字治理并不能降低自然资源租金对经济增长的负面影响。从较低到较高的量级来看，能源消耗有助于提高经济增长。数字治理与能源消耗的交互作用对较高的量化值有显著的正向影响，表明数字治理提高了能源消耗效率。这些发现提出了有价值的政策建议。

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引用次数: 0

Is ESG improvement an efficient green solution for resource curse vulnerability of enterprise management? Evidence from fossil fuels extraction industry ESG改进是解决企业管理中资源诅咒脆弱性的有效绿色解决方案吗？化石燃料开采业的证据

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105352

Shunli Ding, Minghao Huang

The resource curse phenomenon poses serious challenges for many economies globally. This study examines the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investments on the Resource Curse Vulnerability Index for 40 Chinese fossil fuel enterprises listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2020. Using an autoregressive distributed lag approach, results show that ESG investments reduce vulnerability, with a 1% increase leading to a 0.43% decrease in the short term and 0.69% in the long term. However, higher total liabilities and increased Research and Development (R&D) expenditures exacerbate vulnerability. These findings suggest that financial strain and management complexity heighten resource curse risks. Policies promoting robust ESG standards, transparent reporting, and stricter anti-greenwashing regulations are crucial for sustainable enterprise management.

资源诅咒现象给全球许多经济体带来了严峻挑战。本研究考察了环境、社会和治理（ESG）投资对 40 家在上海证券交易所上市的中国化石燃料企业 2016 年至 2020 年资源诅咒脆弱性指数的影响。使用自回归分布滞后法，结果显示 ESG 投资降低了脆弱性，每增加 1%，短期内会降低 0.43%，长期内会降低 0.69%。然而，负债总额的增加和研发（R&D）支出的增加会加剧脆弱性。这些研究结果表明，财务压力和管理复杂性加剧了资源诅咒风险。促进健全的环境、社会和公司治理标准、透明的报告和更严格的反 "洗绿 "法规的政策对于可持续的企业管理至关重要。

引用次数: 0

Utilising blockchain technology for managing natural resources: A case study of Reko Diq copper-gold project, Pakistan 利用区块链技术管理自然资源：巴基斯坦 Reko Diq 铜金项目案例研究

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105341

Iram Tahir , Khuram Shahzad , M. Sebnem Ensari

The mining industry is a key driver of the global economy, with many other industries relying on the mining sector for their growth. Despite its importance, the mining industry is mired with challenges of supply chain traceability, transparency, corruption, inefficiencies, data loss, etc., all of which create the need for innovative solutions involving emerging technologies that can streamline these processes and enhance their reliability. Blockchain is an emerging technology that has the potential to address most of these challenges in an effective manner. This study looks at the feasibility of utilising Blockchain technology for the management of Reko Diq copper-gold project in Pakistan, which faces similar issues, including lack of trust between stakeholders, corruption, sustainability problems, environmental degradation, and a legal battle. This qualitative study used six semi-structured interviews of stakeholders in Pakistan who had knowledge of the potential of Blockchain technology for the management of the Reko Diq project. The key themes that were identified in the study include Relations between Stakeholders, Environmental and Economic Sustainability, and Infrastructure Limitations. The Technology Acceptance Model was applied to the study, and the findings of the study support one tenet of the model - perceived usefulness; however, perceived ease of use was not supported. The Blockchain Screening Tool was also used to assess the feasibility of Blockchain implementation for the Reko Diq project. The findings indicate that the Reko Diq project is an ideal candidate for Blockchain implementation to enhance trust, transparency and credibility of the project.

采矿业是全球经济的主要驱动力，许多其他行业的增长都依赖于采矿业。尽管采矿业非常重要，但它也面临着供应链可追溯性、透明度、腐败、效率低下、数据丢失等挑战，所有这些问题都需要涉及新兴技术的创新解决方案，以简化这些流程并提高其可靠性。区块链是一种新兴技术，有可能以有效的方式应对其中大部分挑战。本研究探讨了利用区块链技术管理巴基斯坦 Reko Diq 铜金项目的可行性，该项目面临着类似的问题，包括利益相关者之间缺乏信任、腐败、可持续发展问题、环境退化和法律诉讼。这项定性研究采用了六次半结构式访谈，访谈对象是巴基斯坦的利益相关者，他们了解区块链技术在管理 Reko Diq 项目方面的潜力。研究中确定的关键主题包括利益相关者之间的关系、环境和经济可持续性以及基础设施的局限性。本研究采用了技术接受模型，研究结果支持该模型的一个原则--感知有用性；但不支持感知易用性。区块链筛选工具也用于评估 Reko Diq 项目实施区块链的可行性。研究结果表明，Reko Diq 项目是实施区块链的理想候选项目，可以增强项目的信任度、透明度和可信度。

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引用次数: 0

Trade risk transmission of global cobalt industrial chain based on multi-layer network 基于多层网络的全球钴产业链贸易风险传递

IF 10.2 2区经济学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Resources Policy

Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105338

Yingli Li , Jianbai Huang , Anqi Zeng , Hongwei Zhang

In order to study the potential systemic risk transmission in cobalt trade, this paper combined the infectious disease model with complex networks to build a multi-layer network trade risk transmission model for cobalt trade based on the transmission of export restrictions and bilateral friction in a single country, in order to simulate the degree of impact of risk transmission in cobalt industry chain, identify key countries and risk transmission paths. The results show that multi-layer network risk transmission of global cobalt trade based on two communication forms has the characteristics of “robust and fragile”. In addition, the risk transmission situation based on bilateral frictions is mainly transmitted by core countries and direct contacts. The risk transmission based on the export restriction of a single country is mainly through direct contact, indirect contact and regional transmission. We also find that the multi-layer trade network of global cobalt trade can resist the bilateral frictional transmission mode better than the transmission mode of single country export restriction. The results can support policy makers to optimize the cobalt trade structure and mitigate the negative impact of trade disruptions.

为研究钴贸易中潜在的系统性风险传导，本文将传染病模型与复杂网络相结合，构建了基于单一国家出口限制和双边摩擦传导的钴贸易多层网络贸易风险传导模型，以模拟钴产业链风险传导的影响程度，识别关键国家和风险传导路径。结果表明，基于两种传播形式的全球钴贸易多层网络风险传导具有 "稳健、脆弱 "的特征。此外，基于双边摩擦的风险传导形势主要通过核心国家和直接联系进行传导。基于单一国家出口限制的风险传导主要通过直接接触、间接接触和区域传导。我们还发现，全球钴贸易的多层贸易网络比单一国家出口限制的传导模式更能抵御双边摩擦的传导模式。这些结果有助于政策制定者优化钴贸易结构，减轻贸易中断带来的负面影响。

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引用次数: 0