Radiocarbon最新文献

英文中文

Radiocarbon dating of lipids preserved in pottery vessels: guidelines for best-practice in compound-specific 14C analyses 陶器中保存的脂质的放射性碳年代测定：特定化合物 14C 分析最佳实践指南

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.61

Emmanuelle Casanova, Timothy D J Knowles, Alex Bayliss, Richard P Evershed

Pottery vessels played a central role in the processing, storage and transport of animal and plant products by prehistoric and historic peoples with their chemical residues surviving for thousands of years. Accurate radiocarbon dating of archaeological pottery vessels by isolating reliable sources of carbon relating to the use of pots has long been a major challenge, but is now possible using compound-specific radiocarbon analysis of absorbed organic residues preserved in the ceramic fabric of the vessel wall. This method involves the radiocarbon dating of single fatty acids most commonly derived from degraded animal fats. These compounds are extracted from the ceramic matrix and isolated from potentially interfering compounds using preparative capillary gas chromatography. When coupled with lipid biomarker and compound-specific stable carbon isotope analyses, this method enables the palaeodietary and chronological information contained in archaeological lipids preserved in ceramic vessels to be interpreted together. From a practical perspective the methodology is challenging and for successful application must adhere to rigorous protocols. We present here guidelines which include (i) consideration of pottery selection, (ii) technical parameters for the isolation of fatty acids then their 14C dating and calibration, and (iii) case studies selected to illustrate the best use of this method.

陶器在史前和历史时期人们加工、储存和运输动植物产品的过程中发挥了核心作用，其化学残留物可存留数千年。长期以来，通过分离与陶器使用有关的可靠碳源来对考古陶器进行精确的放射性碳测年一直是一项重大挑战，但现在可以通过对器皿壁陶瓷结构中保存的吸收有机残留物进行特定化合物放射性碳分析来实现。这种方法涉及对最常见的来自降解动物脂肪的单一脂肪酸进行放射性碳测年。使用制备型毛细管气相色谱法从陶瓷基质中提取这些化合物，并与潜在的干扰化合物分离。这种方法与脂质生物标志物和特定化合物的稳定碳同位素分析相结合，可以对保存在陶器中的考古脂质所包含的古饮食和年代信息进行综合解释。从实践角度看，该方法具有挑战性，要想成功应用，必须遵守严格的规程。我们在此提出的指导原则包括：(i) 考虑陶器的选择；(ii) 分离脂肪酸的技术参数及其 14C 测定和校准；(iii) 选定案例研究，以说明该方法的最佳应用。

{"title":"Radiocarbon dating of lipids preserved in pottery vessels: guidelines for best-practice in compound-specific 14C analyses","authors":"Emmanuelle Casanova, Timothy D J Knowles, Alex Bayliss, Richard P Evershed","doi":"10.1017/rdc.2024.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2024.61","url":null,"abstract":"Pottery vessels played a central role in the processing, storage and transport of animal and plant products by prehistoric and historic peoples with their chemical residues surviving for thousands of years. Accurate radiocarbon dating of archaeological pottery vessels by isolating reliable sources of carbon relating to the use of pots has long been a major challenge, but is now possible using compound-specific radiocarbon analysis of absorbed organic residues preserved in the ceramic fabric of the vessel wall. This method involves the radiocarbon dating of single fatty acids most commonly derived from degraded animal fats. These compounds are extracted from the ceramic matrix and isolated from potentially interfering compounds using preparative capillary gas chromatography. When coupled with lipid biomarker and compound-specific stable carbon isotope analyses, this method enables the palaeodietary and chronological information contained in archaeological lipids preserved in ceramic vessels to be interpreted together. From a practical perspective the methodology is challenging and for successful application must adhere to rigorous protocols. We present here guidelines which include (i) consideration of pottery selection, (ii) technical parameters for the isolation of fatty acids then their 14C dating and calibration, and (iii) case studies selected to illustrate the best use of this method.","PeriodicalId":21020,"journal":{"name":"Radiocarbon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141886751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

VARIABILITY OF RADIOCARBON RESERVOIR AGE EFFECTS IN LAKES AND RIVERS IN ANATOLIA AND LESSER CAUCASUS 安纳托利亚和小高加索地区湖泊和河流中放射性碳储层年龄效应的变异性

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.41

Michel Fontugne, Christine Hatté, N. Tisnérat-Laborde, Vincent Ollivier, C. Kuzucuoǧlu

Multiproxy sedimentary sequence analysis constitutes the basis for reconstructions of past paleoenvironments and climate evolution. These sequences are, for the most part, obtained by coring in lakes, maars or crater lakes whose waters can record volcanic activity or karstic contributions, especially in Eastern Anatolia and the Lesser Caucasus. The reservoir age effect in these geological contexts leads to an apparent aging of the radiocarbon ages which also affects the plants and animals developing in or near these waters and consequently the population consuming them. We present here some results obtained from modern samples taken from Mediterranean, central and eastern Anatolian lakes, from the Van and Sevan lakes and along the Kura River and its tributaries from the Lesser Caucasus. The effect of volcanic CO2 outgassing in the vicinity of maar crater lakes is also discussed.

多代理沉积序列分析是重建过去古环境和气候演变的基础。这些序列大部分是通过在湖泊、火山口或火山口湖中取芯获得的，这些湖泊的水域可以记录火山活动或岩溶作用，尤其是在东安纳托利亚和小高加索地区。这些地质环境中的水库年龄效应会导致放射性碳年龄的明显老化，这也会影响到在这些水域中或附近生长的动植物，进而影响到食用这些水域的人口。我们在此介绍从地中海、安纳托利亚中部和东部湖泊、凡湖和塞万湖以及小高加索库拉河及其支流沿岸采集的现代样本所获得的一些结果。此外，还讨论了火山口湖附近火山二氧化碳排气的影响。

引用次数: 0

A 1179-yr (417–1595 CE) tree-ring oxygen isotope chronology for northern Japan validated using the 774–775 CE radiocarbon spike 利用西元 774-775 年放射性碳峰值验证日本北部 1179 年（西元 417-1595 年）树环氧同位素年代学

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.55

Masaki Sano, Zhen Li, Akane Tsushima, K. Kimura, Toshio Nakamura, Motonari Ohyama, Minoru Sakamoto, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Masataka Hakozaki

We present an annual-resolution, millennium-long tree-ring chronology for northern Japan. The chronology is based on 5309 measurements of tree-ring δ18O from 37 samples of Hiba arbor-vitae (Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae). Although the exact geographical origin of 27 of the samples is unknown because they were extracted from excavated archaeological material, pattern matching of the tree-ring δ18O variations was robust among all 37 samples. The floating chronology constructed using all samples was cross-dated against a previously published δ18O chronology from central Japan, yielding a correlation coefficient of 0.26 (t = 9.0; p < 0.01), resulting in a temporal coverage of 417–1595 CE (i.e., 1179 yrs). The global 14C spike event at 774–775 CE was clearly recorded in the annual 14C data, which provides independent support for the dating of tree rings using oxygen isotopes. Furthermore, this δ18O chronology from northern Japan was used to successfully cross-date a wood sample buried during the “Millennium Eruption” of Baitoushan, which is located on the border between China and North Korea.

我们展示了日本北部年分辨率、长达千年的树环年表。该年表基于对 37 个 Hiba arbor-vitae（Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae）样本的 5309 次树环 δ18O 测量。虽然其中 27 个样本是从考古发掘材料中提取的，因此其确切的地理来源尚不清楚，但所有 37 个样本的树环 δ18O 变化模式匹配都很稳健。利用所有样本构建的浮动年表与之前发表的日本中部δ18O 年表进行了交叉定年，相关系数为 0.26（t = 9.0；p < 0.01），时间覆盖范围为西元 417 年至 1595 年（即 1179 年）。年14C数据清楚地记录了公元前774-775年的全球14C峰值事件，这为利用氧同位素测定树木年轮的年代提供了独立的支持。此外，这一来自日本北部的 δ18O 年代学还被成功地用于对位于中国和朝鲜边境的白头山 "千年大爆发 "期间被掩埋的木材样本进行交叉定年。

{"title":"A 1179-yr (417–1595 CE) tree-ring oxygen isotope chronology for northern Japan validated using the 774–775 CE radiocarbon spike","authors":"Masaki Sano, Zhen Li, Akane Tsushima, K. Kimura, Toshio Nakamura, Motonari Ohyama, Minoru Sakamoto, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Masataka Hakozaki","doi":"10.1017/rdc.2024.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2024.55","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We present an annual-resolution, millennium-long tree-ring chronology for northern Japan. The chronology is based on 5309 measurements of tree-ring δ18O from 37 samples of Hiba arbor-vitae (Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae). Although the exact geographical origin of 27 of the samples is unknown because they were extracted from excavated archaeological material, pattern matching of the tree-ring δ18O variations was robust among all 37 samples. The floating chronology constructed using all samples was cross-dated against a previously published δ18O chronology from central Japan, yielding a correlation coefficient of 0.26 (t = 9.0; p < 0.01), resulting in a temporal coverage of 417–1595 CE (i.e., 1179 yrs). The global 14C spike event at 774–775 CE was clearly recorded in the annual 14C data, which provides independent support for the dating of tree rings using oxygen isotopes. Furthermore, this δ18O chronology from northern Japan was used to successfully cross-date a wood sample buried during the “Millennium Eruption” of Baitoushan, which is located on the border between China and North Korea.","PeriodicalId":21020,"journal":{"name":"Radiocarbon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140969815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of radiocarbon content in liquid fuel blends by accelerator mass spectrometry and liquid scintillation counting in the gliwice radiocarbon and mass spectrometry laboratory 在格利维采放射性碳和质谱实验室利用加速器质谱法和液体闪烁计数法测定液体燃料混合物中的放射性碳含量

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.51

Jean Baptiste Baranyika, Natalia Piotrowska, A. Michczyński

The increase in biobased material usage requires the methods of verification to investigate the actual content of biocarbon in such materials, including liquid fuels. The determination of biocarbon in liquid samples using 14C required adaptation of existing sample preparation methods. In this study, both accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and liquid scintillation counting (LSC) methods were used to determine the content of 14C in six different liquid fuel blends produced from purely bio-based hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and a 14C-free petrodiesel sample (ON/UF-BC). The results obtained for pure petrodiesel provide background values. The results indicate a good agreement between LSC and AMS, and a linear correlation between the 14C measurement results for blended samples and HVO content affirmed the reproducibility between the two methods. The repeatability of AMS results was tested on 10 aliquots of one of the blends, and the results were deemed reproducible.

随着生物基材料使用量的增加，需要采用验证方法来调查此类材料（包括液体燃料）中生物碳的实际含量。使用 14C 测定液体样品中的生物碳需要对现有的样品制备方法进行调整。本研究采用加速器质谱法（AMS）和液体闪烁计数法（LSC）测定了纯生物基加氢处理植物油（HVO）和不含 14C 的石油柴油样品（ON/UF-BC）生产的六种不同液体燃料混合物中的 14C 含量。纯石油柴油的结果提供了背景值。结果表明 LSC 和 AMS 之间的一致性很好，混合样品的 14C 测量结果与 HVO 含量之间的线性相关性证实了这两种方法的可重复性。对其中一种混合燃料的 10 份等分样品进行了 AMS 结果重复性测试，结果被认为是可重复的。

引用次数: 0

ABSORPTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ULTRATRACE EXOGENOUS 14C UREA IN RATS 大鼠对超微量外源性 14c 尿素的吸收和分布

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.47

Li Wang, Hongtao Shen, Junsen Tang, Guofeng Zhang, Linjie Qi, Dingxiong Chen, Kaiyong Wu, Xinyi Han, Ouyang He, Yun He, Pucheng Yang, Xue Zhang, Chunbo Xia

The absorption and distribution of radiocarbon-labeled urea at the ultratrace level were investigated with a 14C-AMS biotracer method. The radiopharmaceutical concentrations in the plasma, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, brain, bladder, muscle, testis, and fat of rats after oral administration of 14C urea at ultratrace doses were determined by AMS, and the concentration-time curves in plasma and tissues and pharmacokinetic distribution data were obtained. This study provides an analytical method for the pharmacokinetic parameters and tissue distribution of exogenous urea in rats at ultratrace doses and explores the feasibility of evaluation and long-term tracking of ultratrace doses of drugs with AMS.

采用 14C-AMS 生物示踪法研究了放射性碳标记尿素在超痕量水平上的吸收和分布。采用AMS法测定了超race剂量口服14C尿素后大鼠血浆、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、脑、膀胱、肌肉、睾丸和脂肪中的放射性药物浓度，并获得了血浆和组织中的浓度-时间曲线和药代动力学分布数据。该研究为超race剂量外源性尿素在大鼠体内的药代动力学参数和组织分布提供了一种分析方法，探索了用AMS评价和长期跟踪超race剂量药物的可行性。

引用次数: 0

RADIOCARBON DATING OF HIGHLY DEGRADED AND PROBLEMATIC FOSSIL WOOD: VERIFICATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS PREPARATION METHODS 对高度退化和有问题的化石木材进行放射性碳测年：验证各种制备方法的有效性

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.49

Maksymilian Jędrzejowski, D. Michczyńska, Marzena Kłusek, A. Michczyński, Fatima Pawełczyk, Natalia Piotrowska, Karin Wyss Heeb, Irka Hajdas

This paper compares various wood pretreatment methods for highly degraded, and problematic fossil wood extracted from the opencast Szczerców site of the Bełchatów Lignite Mine in Central Poland. The study evaluates the pretreatment methods using both large samples (55–255 g, referred to as series A) and small samples (36–150 mg, referred to as series B). Additionally, all preparation methods were applied to medium-sized samples (approximately 3 g, referred to as series C) with solvent washes in the Soxhlet apparatus. Radiocarbon dating was conducted using the LSC technique (subseries A1) and the AMS technique (subseries A2, series B, and C). The effectiveness and utility of each pretreatment protocol were compared based on 14C measurements and FTIR analysis. Through the conducted research and a multi-criteria analysis, the most effective method for preparing old fossil wood was identified. Our experience indicates that an extended, multistage preparation of highly degraded fossil wood samples, with a 14C concentration near the detection limit of the radiocarbon method, may result in a significant increase in 14C content.

本文比较了各种木材预处理方法，这些方法适用于从波兰中部贝查图夫褐煤矿露天Szczerców矿区提取的高度退化和有问题的化石木材。本研究使用大样本（55-255 克，称为 A 系列）和小样本（36-150 毫克，称为 B 系列）对预处理方法进行了评估。此外，所有预处理方法都适用于中型样品（约 3 克，称为 C 系列），并在索氏仪器中进行溶剂洗涤。采用 LSC 技术（A1 子系列）和 AMS 技术（A2 子系列、B 系列和 C 系列）进行了放射性碳测年。根据 14C 测量和傅立叶变换红外分析，比较了每种预处理方案的有效性和实用性。通过研究和多标准分析，确定了最有效的古化石木材预处理方法。我们的经验表明，对 14C 浓度接近放射性碳方法检测极限的高度退化化石木材样本进行长时间、多阶段的制备，可显著提高 14C 含量。

{"title":"RADIOCARBON DATING OF HIGHLY DEGRADED AND PROBLEMATIC FOSSIL WOOD: VERIFICATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS PREPARATION METHODS","authors":"Maksymilian Jędrzejowski, D. Michczyńska, Marzena Kłusek, A. Michczyński, Fatima Pawełczyk, Natalia Piotrowska, Karin Wyss Heeb, Irka Hajdas","doi":"10.1017/rdc.2024.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2024.49","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper compares various wood pretreatment methods for highly degraded, and problematic fossil wood extracted from the opencast Szczerców site of the Bełchatów Lignite Mine in Central Poland. The study evaluates the pretreatment methods using both large samples (55–255 g, referred to as series A) and small samples (36–150 mg, referred to as series B). Additionally, all preparation methods were applied to medium-sized samples (approximately 3 g, referred to as series C) with solvent washes in the Soxhlet apparatus. Radiocarbon dating was conducted using the LSC technique (subseries A1) and the AMS technique (subseries A2, series B, and C). The effectiveness and utility of each pretreatment protocol were compared based on 14C measurements and FTIR analysis. Through the conducted research and a multi-criteria analysis, the most effective method for preparing old fossil wood was identified. Our experience indicates that an extended, multistage preparation of highly degraded fossil wood samples, with a 14C concentration near the detection limit of the radiocarbon method, may result in a significant increase in 14C content.","PeriodicalId":21020,"journal":{"name":"Radiocarbon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Problems of Dating Spread on Radiocarbon Calibration Curve Plateaus: The 1620–1540 BC Example and the Dating of the Therasia Olive Shrub Samples and Thera Volcanic Eruption 放射性碳校准曲线高原上的年代扩展问题：公元前 1620-1540 年的例子以及 Therasia 橄榄灌木样本和 Thera 火山喷发的年代测定

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.44

Sturt W Manning

Determining calendar ages for radiocarbon dates, or ordered sequences of radiocarbon dates, that intersect with a plateau on the radiocarbon calibration curve can be problematic since, without additional prior constraints, the calendar age ranges determined will tend to spread across the plateau, yielding wide and less than useful calendar age probability densities and age ranges. Where possible, modeling analysis should seek to identify informative priors that act to restrict the otherwise poorly controlled spread of probability across plateaus. Such additional information may be available, among other sources, from the stratigraphy, the context, or the samples themselves. The recent dating of ordered sequences of radiocarbon dates on sections of branches of the same olive (Olea europaea) shrub from Therasia (southern Aegean) associated with the Minoan eruption of the Thera (Santorini) volcano (Pearson et al. 2023), which intersect with the plateau in the radiocarbon calibration curve ca. 1620–1540 BC, offers an example of the problem. A re-analysis adding some plausible informative priors offers a substantially better defined likely dating range and different conclusions. Instead of finding an inconclusive probability range “encompassing the late 17th and entire 16th century BC” followed by arguments for “indications of increased probabilities for a mid-16th century BC date for the eruption,” a re-analysis incorporating appropriate informative priors identifies the likely date range as falling between the late 17th to early 16th centuries BC.

在确定与放射性碳校准曲线上的高原相交的放射性碳年代或有序的放射性碳年代序列的历史年代时，可能会遇到一些问题，因为如果没有额外的先验约束条件，所确定的历史年代范围就会倾向于在高原上扩散，从而导致历史年代概率密度和年代范围过大，而且作用不大。在可能的情况下，建模分析应设法确定信息先验，以限制控制不力的概率跨高原扩散。除其他来源外，还可从地层、背景或样本本身获得此类附加信息。最近，对来自 Therasia（爱琴海南部）的同一种橄榄（Olea europaea）灌木枝条的放射性碳年代序列进行了有序测定，这些枝条与米诺斯时期泰拉（圣托里尼）火山喷发有关（Pearson 等人，2023 年），这些枝条与放射性碳校准曲线中的高原相交，时间约为公元前 1620-1540 年。公元前 1620-1540 年与放射性碳校准曲线的高点相交。添加了一些可信信息先验的重新分析提供了一个更明确的可能年代范围和不同的结论。重新分析并没有发现一个 "包括公元前 17 世纪晚期和整个公元前 16 世纪 "的不确定概率范围，随后又提出了 "公元前 16 世纪中期火山爆发日期的概率增加的迹象 "的论点，而是结合适当的信息先验，确定可能的日期范围在公元前 17 世纪晚期到 16 世纪早期之间。

{"title":"Problems of Dating Spread on Radiocarbon Calibration Curve Plateaus: The 1620–1540 BC Example and the Dating of the Therasia Olive Shrub Samples and Thera Volcanic Eruption","authors":"Sturt W Manning","doi":"10.1017/rdc.2024.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2024.44","url":null,"abstract":"Determining calendar ages for radiocarbon dates, or ordered sequences of radiocarbon dates, that intersect with a plateau on the radiocarbon calibration curve can be problematic since, without additional prior constraints, the calendar age ranges determined will tend to spread across the plateau, yielding wide and less than useful calendar age probability densities and age ranges. Where possible, modeling analysis should seek to identify informative priors that act to restrict the otherwise poorly controlled spread of probability across plateaus. Such additional information may be available, among other sources, from the stratigraphy, the context, or the samples themselves. The recent dating of ordered sequences of radiocarbon dates on sections of branches of the same olive (Olea europaea) shrub from Therasia (southern Aegean) associated with the Minoan eruption of the Thera (Santorini) volcano (Pearson et al. 2023), which intersect with the plateau in the radiocarbon calibration curve ca. 1620–1540 BC, offers an example of the problem. A re-analysis adding some plausible informative priors offers a substantially better defined likely dating range and different conclusions. Instead of finding an inconclusive probability range “encompassing the late 17th and entire 16th century BC” followed by arguments for “indications of increased probabilities for a mid-16th century BC date for the eruption,” a re-analysis incorporating appropriate informative priors identifies the likely date range as falling between the late 17th to early 16th centuries BC.","PeriodicalId":21020,"journal":{"name":"Radiocarbon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140926213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RADIOCARBON VARIATIONS IN ANNUAL TREE RINGS WITH 11-YEAR SOLAR CYCLES DURING 1800–1950 1800-1950 年间树木年轮中放射性碳的变化与 11 年太阳周期的关系

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.37

Pavel P Povinec, Ivan Kontuľ, Ivo Svetlik

The results of radiocarbon variation studies observed in annual tree rings from the NW Pacific (USA Northwest) (Stuiver and Braziunas 1993) and Europe (England, Brehm et al. 2021; Slovakia, Povinec 1977, 1987) are reviewed with the aim of better understanding the 11-year radiocarbon cycle and possible impacts of solar proton events on 14C levels in the atmosphere and biosphere. The average Δ14C amplitude in tree rings for the period of 1798–1944 was 1.3 ± 0.3‰, the average periodicity was 11 ± 1 years, and the average time shift between the sunspot numbers and Δ14C records was 3 ± 1 years. A new solar activity minimum (Gleissberg minimum, 1878–1933) has been identified in the Δ14C data sets from the NW Pacific and England, showing Δ14C excess of 7‰, comparable to the Dalton minimum (1797–1823). No significant changes in Δ14C levels were identified that could be associated with solar proton events during 1800–1950.

本文回顾了在西北太平洋（美国西北部）（Stuiver 和 Braziunas，1993 年）和欧洲（英格兰，Brehm 等，2021 年；斯洛伐克，Povinec，1977 年，1987 年）年轮中观测到的放射性碳变化研究结果，目的是更好地理解 11 年放射性碳循环以及太阳质子事件对大气和生物圈中 14C 含量的可能影响。1798-1944 年期间树环中的平均 Δ14C 振幅为 1.3 ± 0.3‰，平均周期为 11 ± 1 年，太阳黑子数与Δ14C 记录之间的平均时间偏移为 3 ± 1 年。来自西北太平洋和英格兰的Δ14C数据集确定了一个新的太阳活动最低点（格莱斯堡最低点，1878-1933年），显示Δ14C过量7‰，与道尔顿最低点（1797-1823年）相当。在 1800-1950 年期间，没有发现与太阳质子事件有关的 Δ14C 水平的重大变化。

引用次数: 0

14C GIRI SAMPLES IN AMS GOLDEN VALLEY: GRAPHITE PREPARATION USING AGE-3 AND ABSORPTION-CATALYTIC SETUP 美国航天局黄金谷的 14c giri 样品：利用 age-3 和吸收催化装置制备石墨

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.46

E V Parkhomchuk, A V Petrozhitskiy, M M Ignatov, D V Kuleshov, A I Lysikov, A G Okunev, K A Babina, V V Parkhomchuk

The AMS Golden Valley laboratory is equipped with two accelerator mass spectrometers: the AMS facility from the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP) and the Mini Carbon Dating System (MICADAS-28) from Ionplus AG and two graphitization systems: the Automated Graphitization Equipment (AGE-3) from Ionplus AG and the Absorption-catalytic setup (ACS) developed at the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis (BIC). The ACS was designed for graphite preparation from labeled biomedical samples, dissolved organics, and dissolved or gaseous carbon dioxide but has proven to be suitable for the traditional dating of objects no older than 35,000 years. Here we present two series of AMS data for the samples from Glasgow International Radiocarbon Inter-comparison (GIRI), prepared using AGE-3 and ACS, and then measured on MICADAS-28. The mean value of the background F14C was 0.0024 ± 0.0009 and 0.012 ± 0.003 for AGE-3 and ACS, respectively, and both methods gave reproducible results for the OXI.

AMS 金谷实验室配备了两台加速器质谱仪：布德克核物理研究所 (BINP) 的 AMS 设备和 Ionplus AG 的迷你碳定年系统 (MICADAS-28)，以及两套石墨化系统：Ionplus AG 的自动石墨化设备 (AGE-3) 和博雷斯科夫催化研究所 (BIC) 开发的吸收催化装置 (ACS)。ACS 设计用于从标记的生物医学样本、溶解有机物和溶解或气态二氧化碳中制备石墨，但已被证明适用于对年龄不超过 35,000 年的物体进行传统年代测定。在此，我们展示了格拉斯哥国际放射性碳相互比较（GIRI）样品的两组 AMS 数据，这些样品使用 AGE-3 和 ACS 制备，然后在 MICADAS-28 上进行测量。AGE-3 和 ACS 的背景 F14C 平均值分别为 0.0024 ± 0.0009 和 0.012 ± 0.003，这两种方法对 OXI 都给出了可重复的结果。

引用次数: 0

Insights into growth, ring formation and maximum ages of Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa) using 14C dating and tree-ring analysis 利用 14C 测年和树环分析了解巴西坚果树（Bertholletia excelsa）的生长、年轮形成和最大树龄

IF 8.3 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

Radiocarbon

Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2024.39

Victor L Caetano Andrade, Charles R Clement, David Herrera-Ramírez, Thomas Larsen, Flavia Durgante, Nicole Boivin, Jochen Schöngart, Susan Trumbore, Patrick Roberts

The Brazil Nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa, Lecythidaceae) is a species of considerable historical, economic and ecological importance in South America. Radiocarbon dating indicates some individuals can live from hundreds to more than 1000 years, which means they have the potential to reconstruct deep time growth patterns and their relationship to anthropogenic management or climate change from pre-colonial to present times. However, age estimates vary considerably amongst trees dated with different methods (i.e. tree-ring analysis, radiocarbon-dating, and repeated diameter measurements). Here we analyze living Brazil Nut trees growing in four distinct regions across the Brazilian Amazon using two dating methods: tree-ring counting and radiocarbon dating. Our results show that the congruence between the two methods varies amongst regions, and the highest congruence is found at the site of Tefé, Amazonas. This region features archaeological sites with anthropogenic Terra Preta soils, and is known for its long-term human forest management. This management likely enhanced light and nutrient availability, which possibly enabled the trees to grow at higher rates and form annual rings. Our findings highlight the need for better understanding of the growth of Brazil Nut trees for ecological research, but also the potential of dendrochronology for exploring climate change and human-forest interactions in the Amazon Basin.

巴西坚果树（Bertholletia excelsa，Lecythidaceae）是南美洲具有重要历史、经济和生态意义的树种。放射性碳测年表明，有些个体的寿命可达数百年到 1000 多年，这意味着它们有可能重建从殖民前到现在的深层生长模式及其与人为管理或气候变化的关系。然而，用不同方法（如树环分析、放射性碳年代测定和重复直径测量）测定的树木年龄估计值差异很大。在此，我们使用两种测年方法（树环计数法和放射性碳测年法）对生长在巴西亚马逊地区四个不同区域的巴西坚果树进行了分析。我们的研究结果表明，这两种方法的吻合程度因地区而异，其中亚马孙河流域特费遗址的吻合程度最高。该地区的考古遗址以人为的 Terra Preta 土壤为特色，并以长期的人类森林管理而闻名。这种管理可能提高了光照和养分的可用性，从而使树木以更高的速度生长并形成年轮。我们的研究结果突出表明，在生态研究中需要更好地了解巴西坚果树的生长过程，同时也需要了解树木年代学在探索亚马逊流域气候变化和人类与森林相互作用方面的潜力。

{"title":"Insights into growth, ring formation and maximum ages of Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa) using 14C dating and tree-ring analysis","authors":"Victor L Caetano Andrade, Charles R Clement, David Herrera-Ramírez, Thomas Larsen, Flavia Durgante, Nicole Boivin, Jochen Schöngart, Susan Trumbore, Patrick Roberts","doi":"10.1017/rdc.2024.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2024.39","url":null,"abstract":"The Brazil Nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa, Lecythidaceae) is a species of considerable historical, economic and ecological importance in South America. Radiocarbon dating indicates some individuals can live from hundreds to more than 1000 years, which means they have the potential to reconstruct deep time growth patterns and their relationship to anthropogenic management or climate change from pre-colonial to present times. However, age estimates vary considerably amongst trees dated with different methods (i.e. tree-ring analysis, radiocarbon-dating, and repeated diameter measurements). Here we analyze living Brazil Nut trees growing in four distinct regions across the Brazilian Amazon using two dating methods: tree-ring counting and radiocarbon dating. Our results show that the congruence between the two methods varies amongst regions, and the highest congruence is found at the site of Tefé, Amazonas. This region features archaeological sites with anthropogenic Terra Preta soils, and is known for its long-term human forest management. This management likely enhanced light and nutrient availability, which possibly enabled the trees to grow at higher rates and form annual rings. Our findings highlight the need for better understanding of the growth of Brazil Nut trees for ecological research, but also the potential of dendrochronology for exploring climate change and human-forest interactions in the Amazon Basin.","PeriodicalId":21020,"journal":{"name":"Radiocarbon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140811509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Radiocarbon

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀