Regenerative medicine最新文献

Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in August 2024.

There is a paucity of data regarding using platelet-rich plasma therapy for Baker's cyst-associated medial meniscal tear. To date, conservative treatments for this type of condition include aspiration of fluid effusion with steroid injection and physical therapy. When this treatment fails, arthroscopic debridement, meniscectomy, cyst decompression and open cystectomy are available surgical management options. Recurrence rates, however, are high such that even these procedures fail to provide long-term pain relief. This case study explores the benefits of leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma therapy in treating tears in the posterior horn of the medial meniscus with concomitant Baker's cyst. With limited studies available, this case hopes to encourage more studies to be done in the future to provide a conservative option for patients with similar cases.

Peripheral nerve injuries lead to severe functional impairments, with rodent models essential for studying regeneration. This review examines key factors affecting outcomes. Age-related declines, like reduced nerve fiber density and impaired axonal transport of vesicles, hinder recovery. Hormonal differences influence regeneration, with BDNF/trkB critical for testosterone and nerve growth factor for estrogen signaling pathways. Species and strain selection impact outcomes, with C57BL/6 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats exhibiting varying regenerative capacities. Injury models - crush for early regeneration, chronic constriction for neuropathic pain, stretch for traumatic elongation and transection for severe lacerations - provide insights into clinically relevant scenarios. Repair techniques, such as nerve grafts and conduits, show that autografts are the gold standard for gaps over 3 cm, with success influenced by graft type and diameter. Time course analysis highlights crucial early degeneration and regeneration phases within the first month, with functional recovery stabilizing by three to six months. Early intervention optimizes regeneration by reducing scar tissue formation, while later interventions focus on remyelination. Understanding these factors is vital for designing robust preclinical studies and translating research into effective clinical treatments for peripheral nerve injuries.

Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in July 2024.

Tennis elbow, also commonly known as lateral epicondylitis or common extensor tendinosis, is a common musculoskeletal injury in the adult population. Currently, the standard treatment regimen prescribed for this injury involves a combination of rest, physical therapy, bracing and anti-inflammatory medications. If refractory to these conservative measures, platelet-rich plasma has been shown effective. However, in the case of full thickness tears, surgery has remained the only treatment option until now. We present a case report of a 56-year-old man with a diagnosis of a left large full thickness tear and rupture with retraction of his common extensor tendon (CET) following a corticosteroid injection. The patient was treated with microfragmented adipose transfer. He was re-evaluated around 7 weeks and again at 15 weeks post-treatment and demonstrated ultrasound evidence of complete bridging and remodeling of his prior full thickness CET tear and resolution of retraction. This case presents a promising option for patients with full thickness CET tears who would like to refrain from or are unable to have surgery. Further research and possible randomized controlled trials are needed to further assess the full efficacy of microfragmented adipose transfer in the treatment of full thickness CET tears.

Aim: Over the last two decades, numerous experimental studies have examined the feasibility of delivering stem cells into the cochlea to restore hearing. While these studies have spawned new cell therapy companies, there is little information on what patients understand or expect from these emerging therapies.Methods: This study sought to understand the awareness and perspectives of Australian audiologists and their adult patients toward stem cell therapies for treating hearing loss.Results: An anonymous survey indicated 91% of patients and 39% of audiologists were unaware of these therapies being developed. Thirty percent of audiologists reported being asked about stem cell therapies for hearing loss, but 70% were not confident answering patient queries about this and were unsure where to gather information. Primary concerns reported by patients were cost (45%) and safety of treatment (42%). Interestingly, 58% of patients were unsure of how this therapy would improve their hearing, yet 25% of these patients expected that their hearing would return to normal.Conclusion: There was strong support for development of educational materials for both patient and clinician. The increasingly important role of audiologists in providing patient counselling was reflected in overwhelming support (from both patient and clinician) for audiologists providing such information.

Latest developments in the field of stem cell research and regenerative medicine compiled from publicly available information and press releases from non-academic institutions in June 2024.

Background: Heart failure (HF) causes over 266,400 deaths annually. Despite treatment advancements, HF mortality remains high. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer promising new options. This review assesses iPSC-based treatments for HF.Method: the review included studies from PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science.Results: Analysis of 25 studies with 553 animals showed a baseline ejection fraction (EF) of 39.2 ± 8.9%. iPSC treatment significantly improved EF (MD = 8.6, p < 0.001) and fractional shortening (MD = 6.38, p < 0.001), and reduced ventricular remodeling without increasing arrhythmia risk.Conclusion: iPSC-based therapy improves heart function and reduces ventricular volumes in HF animal models, aligning with promising early clinical trial outcomes.