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Building the Ecosystem Model of Business on the Basis of Design-Thinking 以设计思维为基础构建商业生态系统模式
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-234-242
O. E. Nikonets, S. G. Dmitriev
The subject of the present article is researching the opportunities to use design-thinking for building the efficient ecosystem model of business. The goal of the research deals with the necessity to study three principle fields of shaping the ecosystem business-model of the company: customers, partners and products/services. We think that prototyping of this model of business organization shall be accomplished along these lines. The article analyzed the origin of the notion ‘design-thinking’ and studied features of shaping the ecosystem of business-model on the basis of design-thinking. The authors learnt the experience of shaping overseas and Russian models of ecosystem business and identified factors of its efficiency. According to our opinion, the use of ecosystem company approaches, which have been analyzed, is a key factor of successful business running in current conditions characterized by growing digitalization and changing of customer behavior patters from off-line to on-line deals. The mentioned customer behavior transformation has been observed in recent years however, the most impressive acceleration of transition to on-line ecosystems took place during COVID-19 pandemic and in the post-pandemic period. The authors are sure that the use of design-thinking, its methodological and instrumental approaches can give an opportunity to make integrated client-oriented offers and create new customer values, especially at the initial stages of developing ecosystem business-models. Effectiveness of using ecosystem business—models was analyzed by RUSECO index (weighted on market capitalization of home corporations), which demonstrated stable upward dynamics up to 2022. The information given by the authors about market capitalization of overseas ecosystem companies testifies in favor of the assumption of expediency of this approach to developing efficient business-models.
本文的主题是研究利用设计思维建立高效生态系统商业模式的机会。研究的目标是,必须研究塑造公司生态系统商业模式的三个主要领域:客户、合作伙伴和产品/服务。我们认为,这种企业组织模式的原型设计应按照这些思路来完成。文章分析了 "设计思维 "概念的起源,研究了在设计思维基础上塑造商业模式生态系统的特点。作者学习了国外和俄罗斯塑造生态系统商业模式的经验,并确定了其效率因素。我们认为,在当前数字化程度不断提高、客户行为模式从线下交易转变为线上交易的条件下,使用所分析的生态系统企业方法是企业成功运行的关键因素。上述客户行为模式的转变近年来一直在发生,但在 COVID-19 大流行期间和流行后时期,向在线生态系统过渡的速度加快,给人留下了最深刻的印象。作者确信,使用设计思维、其方法论和工具方法可以提供机会,以客户为导向提供综合服务,并创造新的客户价值,尤其是在开发生态系统商业模式的初始阶段。通过 RUSECO 指数(以母公司市值加权)分析了使用生态系统商业模式的有效性,该指数在 2022 年前一直呈稳定上升态势。作者提供的有关海外生态系统公司市值的信息证明,这种方法对开发高效商业模式是有利的。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing Efficiency of Management System for Business Incubators in Conditions of Import-Substitution 评估进口替代条件下企业孵化器管理系统的效率
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-209-215
M. V. Nakhevskiy
The article provides the author’s methodology of assessing the efficiency of business incubator management in the period of import-substitution. This methodology is based on the regulatory system of social and economic indicators worked out by the prominent soviet economist, O. M. Syroezhin that is used for analyzing finance and economic results. The essence of the method implies comparison of actual sequence of changes in key indicators with standard sequence in order to find the efficiency of economic system. However, it can be difficult to define the standard sequence, especially in market economy.
文章提供了作者评估进口替代时期企业孵化器管理效率的方法。该方法以著名苏联经济学家 O. M. Syroezhin 制定的社会经济指标监管体系为基础,用于分析金融和经济成果。该方法的本质是将主要指标的实际变化顺序与标准顺序进行比较,以发现经济系统的效率。然而,标准序列可能很难界定,尤其是在市场经济中。
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引用次数: 0
Eyond Finance Results: Comprehention of Non-Finance Results of Esg-Management Eyond 财务结果:Esg-Management 的非财务成果解读
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-192-202
P. I. Sevostyanov, E. Y. Kulakova, A. Makaev
The article provides factors of successful strategic management of the organization in view of goals of sustainable development (ESG-management), mechanisms of their impact on competitive advantage progress and sustainable development rise. Elements of corporate sustainability of today’s companies are studied and the role of its ecological, economic and social aspects in business-strategy is shown in the long-term perspective. The authors research key methods of monitoring and estimating the efficiency of company sustainable development management. On the basis of the research the author’s interpretation of principle overseas models is put forward, which could form a foundation for reports on economic, ecological and social activity of the organization in Russian circumstances. The authors came to the conclusion, that the absence of reliable indicators for understanding business impact on the environment and society and lack of state regulation represent the basic reasons why many companies have not integrated sustainability in their business–strategy. Therefore, changing economic stimuli is a key precondition for ESG-strategy being effective.
文章从可持续发展目标(环境、社会和治理管理)的角度提供了组织战略管理的成功因素,以及这些因素对竞争优势进步和可持续发展崛起的影响机制。文章研究了当今企业的可持续发展要素,并从长远角度阐述了其生态、经济和社会方面在企业战略中的作用。作者研究了监测和评估公司可持续发展管理效率的主要方法。在研究的基础上,作者提出了对海外原则模型的解释,这些模型可以为在俄罗斯环境下组织的经济、生态和社会活动报告奠定基础。作者得出的结论是,缺乏了解企业对环境和社会影响的可靠指标,以及缺乏国家法规,是许多公司没有将可持续发展纳入其业务战略的根本原因。因此,改变经济刺激是环境、社会和治理战略取得成效的关键先决条件。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptual Model of the Supply Chain Control Tower Using Technologies of Blockchain, Agile-Logistic Model and the Concept of Lean-Logistic at Industrial Enterprises 在工业企业中使用区块链技术、敏捷逻辑模型和精益逻辑概念的供应链控制塔概念模型
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-46-58
M. A. Ushakov
In conditions of global economic crisis and restrictions on international trade more and more enterprises in different countries face problems in the field of logistics and restrictions on product import. The current situation makes it necessary to elaborate and use new methods and models of digital production cooperation, which could allow enterprises to exchange needed resources, data, information and knowledge in order to increase efficiency of logistics and production, competitiveness and to cut costs. Besides, lately we can observe a serious breakthrough in the field of digital technologies in all industries, that can be used both in logistics and production and in the future it could provide opportunities for enterprises to work out new models for raising efficiency and quality of products. Based on the mentioned-above facts it is possible to say that the research dealing with the development of methods and models of digital product cooperation in conditions of limited functioning of logistic systems and product import forms an acute and important aspect for developing production spheres both in Russia and other countries. The research findings could be useful for enterprises that face problems in logistics and product import.
在全球经济危机和国际贸易受到限制的情况下,越来越多的国家企业面临着物流领域的问题和产品进口限制。在这种情况下,有必要制定和使用数字化生产合作的新方法和新模式,使企业能够交流所需的资源、数据、信息和知识,从而提高物流和生产效率,增强竞争力,降低成本。此外,最近我们可以看到,各行各业在数字技术领域都取得了重大突破,这些技术既可用于物流,也可用于生产,未来还将为企业提供机会,探索提高效率和产品质量的新模式。基于上述事实,可以说,在物流系统和产品进口功能有限的条件下,研究开发数字产品合作的方法和模式是俄罗斯和其他国家发展生产领域的一个重要方面。研究成果对面临物流和产品进口问题的企业很有帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Estimating the Indicator of Labour Efficiency in Conditions of Digital Transformation 估算数字化转型条件下的劳动效率指标
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-133-143
Zh. V. Andreeva
In global economic science there is no uniform approach to interpretation of such notions as efficiency and labour productivity, therefore problems with their reading are possible. Through analyzing the research findings the author identified the scheme of correlation between the ideas of efficiency, labour productivity and quality of work. The article proposes criteria for estimating labour efficiency in view of two categories: labour productivity and quality of work. It is shown that quality of work is made up by two characteristics: quality of work organization at the enterprise, which includes appraisal of effectiveness of workers’ labour within the frames of enterprise functioning and quality of working life, which includes assessment of working conditions at the enterprise. The author elaborated an approach to estimating principle criteria, which gives an opportunity to assess labour efficiency at the enterprise by using a number of indicators that are acute in conditions of digital transformation and thanks to this, it is possible to get more reliable results and optimize processes in the organization. Using estimation of indicators of labour productivity and quality of work it can be possible to rank the level of enterprise maturity and identify measures aimed at raising efficiency of work.
在全球经济科学中,对效率和劳动生产率等概念的解释没有统一的方法,因此在解读时可能会出现问题。通过分析研究结果,作者确定了效率、劳动生产率和工作质量等概念之间的关联方案。文章从劳动生产率和工作质量两个方面提出了估算劳动效率的标准。文章指出,工作质量由两个特征组成:企业工作组织的质量,包括在企业运作框架内对工人劳动效率的评估;工作生活的质量,包括对企业工作条件的评估。作者详细阐述了一种估算原则标准的方法,该方法通过使用在数字化转型条件下非常重要的一系列指标,为评估企业的劳动效率提供了机会。通过对劳动生产率和工作质量指标的评估,可以对企业的成熟度进行排序,并确定旨在提高工作效率的措施。
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引用次数: 0
Concerning the Issue of Knowledge Management: Theory, Models, Methods 关于知识管理问题:理论、模型、方法
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-174-182
I. G. Gorina, N. M. Fomenko
Within the frames of new system management shaping it becomes necessary to transform mechanisms of competitive advantage. Today three spheres of activity were selected: scientific, technological and personnel from all the priority fields of governmental level. The development and maintenance of scientific and personnel spheres are not possible without a unified system affecting creation, acquisition and efficient use of knowledge. In unstable economic conditions topicality of introducing knowledge management system in organizations is especially valuable. The article studies preconditions of the theory of knowledge management, the idea of post-industrial society and economy of knowledge. The authors characterized types of knowledge, showed value of knowledge in conceptions of organizational management and implicit knowledge. When theoretical aspects of knowledge management models were investigated, the parallel between shaping the system of knowledge management with intellectual capital and intangible resources was drawn. Theoretic aspects of the system of knowledge management were studied within the frames of systematic approach as a universal investigation tool.
在新的系统管理框架内,有必要转变竞争优势机制。今天,我们选择了三个活动领域:科学、技术和政府所有优先领域的人员。如果没有一个影响知识的创造、获取和有效利用的统一系统,科学和人事领域的发展和维持就不可能。在不稳定的经济条件下,在组织中引入知识管理系统的时事性尤为重要。文章研究了知识管理理论的前提条件、后工业社会和知识经济的理念。作者描述了知识的类型,展示了知识在组织管理和隐性知识概念中的价值。在对知识管理模式的理论方面进行研究时,将知识管理系统与智力资本和无形资源相提并论。在系统方法框架内研究了知识管理系统的理论方面,系统方法是一种通用的研究工具。
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引用次数: 0
Social and Economic Standing of Low-Income Groups of Population in Conditions of Inflation Rate Growth and Volatility of Customer Prices 通货膨胀率增长和物价波动条件下低收入人口群体的社会和经济状况
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-144-155
D. V. Nekipelova
The article analyzes social and economic standing of low-income people. In spite of legislative standards protecting key groups of socially vulnerable population from absolute poverty such categories, as old-age pensioners, disabled persons, young children and even employable population, the so-called poor workers still belong to the low-income population. It is obvious that the major proportion of low-income people consists of individuals, who get allowances and social payments therefore their financial provision depends mainly on state. When poverty proliferates among the population of the Russian Federation, the development of the effective model of material provision for people dependable on state, for instance indexation of various social payments with due regard to the inflation rate and volatility of consumer prices is an essential challenge of today. It is especially acute in the current situation, when home economy encounters constant pressure, the more effective the model will become, the quicker the goals aimed at cutting the poverty rate and improving social and economic standing of people will be attained. However, the model shall be developed and other steps taken with due regard to realistic possibilities of federal and regional budgets.
文章分析了低收入人群的社会和经济状况。尽管立法标准保护社会弱势群体免受绝对贫困,如养老金领取者、残疾人、幼儿甚至有工作能力的人口,但所谓的贫困工人仍属于低收入人口。很明显,低收入人口的主要部分是领取津贴和社会补助的个人,因此他们的经济来源主要依靠国家。在俄罗斯联邦贫困人口激增的情况下,为依赖国家的人群制定有效的物质保障模式,例如根据通 货膨胀率和消费价格的波动性对各种社会补助金进行指数化,是当今面临的重要挑战。在当前国内经济面临持续压力的情况下,这一问题尤为突出,模式越有效,旨在降低贫困率和提高人民社会经济地位的目标就能越快实现。然而,在制定该模式和采取其他措施时,应适当考虑联邦和地区预算的现实可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Using Artificial Intellect Systems to Attain Goals of Sustainable Development 利用人工智能系统实现可持续发展目标
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-26-36
N. Barinova, V. R. Barinov
At the current stage of social and economic relation development elaboration of artificial intellect technologies plays the key role and principle goals of sustainable development, where state policy of the Russian Federation is targeted, are connected with these systems. The article analyzed basic problems in the field of artificial intellect essential for reaching sustainable development goals. The authors provided examples of introducing artificial intellect tools to resolve problems of sustainable development presented by Russian and overseas researchers in recent years. The key content of the article is made by analyzing the current standing of artificial intellect in different aspects. The authors highlighted industries, where systems of artificial intellect work effectively, such as finance and economic sphere, public health, aero-space production, agro-industrial field and use of natural resources. The article shows operating artificial intellect systems and their impact on economy and sustainable growth. Arguments in favor of these systems are given, as well as their connection with ESG conception. Finally, conclusions about trends in artificial intellect development in times of digitalization were made.
在社会经济关系发展的现阶段,人工智能技术的发展起着关键作用,而俄罗斯联邦国家政策所针对的可持续发展的主要目标与这些系统有关。文章分析了实现可持续发展目标所必需的人工智能领域的基本问题。作者提供了近年来俄罗斯和海外研究人员提出的引入人工智能工具解决可持续发展问题的实例。文章的主要内容是分析人工智能在不同方面的现状。作者重点介绍了人工智能系统能有效发挥作用的行业,如金融和经济领域、公共卫生、航空航天生产、农工领域和自然资源利用。文章展示了运行中的人工智能系统及其对经济和可持续增长的影响。文章提出了支持这些系统的论点,以及它们与环境、社会和治理概念的联系。最后,对数字化时代人工智能的发展趋势做出了结论。
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引用次数: 0
Decarbonization in the System of Key Trends of Economic Development 经济发展主要趋势体系中的脱碳问题
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-183-191
E. Altukhova, E. Asyaeva, M. A. Markov, D. Perepelitsa
Current trends of economic development form the necessity to observe new requirements and restrictions. It shows a new turn of the progressive development in different spheres of human activity. Challenges of sustainable development call for concrete positions in the system of risk management. Dynamic emergence of innovation technologies and services speed up processes of decision-making, and urge on business-processes to more serious changes. Today the key lines in business transformation include building-up clean energy and shaping green economy and green society. At the same time, efficiency of business entities’ work is estimated not only in view of financial results, but also within the frames of total ecological effect with simultaneous submission of report data. The goal of the present research is to identify points of growth and development in the system of today’s contradictions and to define priorities of state policy in order to coordinate interests of industry and requirements of sustainable development. The article substantiates the importance of finance sector in the system of providing harmonization of decarbonization policy and economic development. It is also important to take into account the whole list of tools, methods and infrastructural elements promoting the effective interaction of all participants of the decarbonization process at the level of separate state and within the frames of global international space.
当前的经济发展趋势要求我们必须遵守新的要求和限制。这表明人类活动的不同领域出现了进步发展的新转折。可持续发展的挑战要求在风险管理系统中确定具体位置。不断涌现的创新技术和服务加快了决策进程,并促使业务流程发生更严重的变化。如今,企业转型的重点包括建设清洁能源、打造绿色经济和绿色社会。与此同时,企业实体的工作效率不仅要从财务结果的角度进行评估,还要在提交报告数据的同时,在总体生态效应的框架内进行评估。本研究的目标是确定当今矛盾系统中的增长和发展点,并确定国家政策的优先事项,以协调工业利益和可持续发展的要求。文章证实了金融部门在协调去碳化政策和经济发展体系中的重要性。同样重要的是,要考虑到在单独国家层面和全球国际空间框架内促进去碳化进程所有参与者有效互动的一系列工具、方法和基础设施要素。
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引用次数: 0
Personnel Training for Green Economy Development in Russian Regions, the Role of Biotechnologies 俄罗斯各地区发展绿色经济的人员培训,生物技术的作用
Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2023-6-95-107
E. S. Titova, O. Nikonova, A. A. Shestakova, M. A. Borisyako
Green economy is considered to be an acute type of activity, whose goal is to provide preventive measures and counteract growing negative anthropogenic effects on the environment. Thus, the article researched strategic plans of Russian regions aimed at green economy development by using biotechnologies and analyzed specialized training for skilled personnel, as it is essential to introduce eco-biotechnologies for this type of work. The authors summarized two rounds of lexicometric analysis of economic development strategies in 85 regions of the Russian Federation. Twenty universities from eleven regions-leaders were selected for further more detailed investigation. Specific features of training of skilled personnel for green economy in selected universities were analyzed with due regard to the effective lists of enlarged groups of staff training specializations in combination with relevant professions connected directly or indirectly with sciences of life. On this basis a specific block of eleven taxons was formed, which were numbered according to the adopted symbols of enlarged groups of training specializations and professions of the education system in Russia. Through using the marked-out taxons twenty selected universities were examined and the information block was collected, which was used to build the data base of specific features of skilled personnel training for green economy. The obtained results show misbalance in the organization of education in Russian regions dealing with personnel training for green economy. Besides, the analysis of investigated universities, conducted by taxonomy method showed the expediency of correcting students’ distribution by education level in order to provide an opportunity to use advanced technologies for green economy development.
绿色经济被认为是一种重要的活动类型,其目标是提供预防措施并抵消人类活动对环境日益增长的负面影响。因此,文章研究了俄罗斯各地区旨在利用生物技术发展绿色经济的战略计划,并分析了对技术人员的专业培训,因为在此类工作中引入生态生物技术至关重要。作者总结了对俄罗斯联邦 85 个地区的经济发展战略进行的两轮词汇分析。从 11 个领先地区中挑选了 20 所大学进行更详细的调查。在分析选定大学培养绿色经济技术人才的具体特点时,适当考虑了扩大的员工培训专业群的有效清单,以及与生命科学直接或间接相关的相关专业。在此基础上,形成了由 11 个分类群组成的特定区块,并根据俄罗斯教育系统扩大的培训专业群和专业的符号进行了编号。通过使用标记出的分类群,对二十所选定的大学进行了研究,并收集了信息块,用于建立绿色经济技术人才培养具体特点的数据库。研究结果表明,俄罗斯各地区在绿色经济人才培养方面的教育组织不平衡。此外,通过分类法对所调查大学进行的分析表明,为了提供使用先进技术促进绿色经济发展的机会,按教育水平调整学生分布是适宜的。
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引用次数: 0
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Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
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