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Dynamic Approach to the Development of Basic Management Tools in Processes of Strategic Management 在战略管理过程中开发基本管理工具的动态方法
Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-202-214
M. S. Kamionsky
The article provides results of methodological research dealing with dynamics of basic management tool development used in strategic management. These tools used for elaborating strategy of companies in different industries proved their practical usefulness and caused no doubt in the necessity of their use for many decades. However, objective changes in the world, including the sphere of strategic management have led to the need to revise a number of key methods and tools of management used for strategy elaboration. Extreme complexity of today’s world results in diversity of approaches and tools for shaping and realizing strategies. The author substantiated the necessity of this revision and described outdated components of the SWOT-analysis, the method of management by goals, SMART criteria in goal-setting, development of business-processes, forecasting and some other methods. Serious changes in using these methods in advanced companies were discussed and necessary upgrading connected with growing dynamic and controversy of processes in internal and external environment was highlighted. The use of renewed management tools in strategic management can allow us to get serious results both in strategy elaboration and in its actualization and realization in practice.
文章提供了有关战略管理中使用的基本管理工具发展动态的方法论研究成果。几十年来,这些用于制定不同行业公司战略的工具证明了其实用性,并毫无疑问地证明了其使用的必要性。然而,世界的客观变化,包括战略管理领域的客观变化,导致有必要对用于制定战略的一些关键管理方法和工具进行修订。当今世界的极端复杂性导致了制定和实现战略的方法和工具的多样性。作者证实了修订的必要性,并描述了 SWOT 分析、目标管理方法、目标设定 SMART 标准、业务流程发展、预测和其他一些方法中过时的部分。讨论了在先进企业中使用这些方法的重大变化,并强调了与内部和外部环境中日益增长的动态和争议过程相关的必要升级。在战略管理中使用新的管理工具,可以使我们在战略制定和在实践中实现战略方面取得重大成果。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of Population Savings in Russia and Foreign Countries: Estimation and Forecast 俄罗斯和外国的人口储蓄动态:估算与预测
Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-182-201
N. M. Yartseva, N. V. Sedova
In conditions of geo-political instability in the Russian Federation the necessity to raise standard of living of the population became evident, thus it is needed to forecast dynamics of population savings, which is important for strategic decision-making on the federal level. In order to analyze and forecast the total volume of savings of the Russian population the authors worked out a system of factors that influence the object of forecasting. On the basis of factor analysis they elaborated scenario forecast of dynamics of savings of the population in the country and dynamics of consumer spending up to 2025, including basic, conservative and target variants of the forecast. The present research confirms the thesis of interaction between unstable economic situation and arising of barriers for savings, at the same time it demonstrates a number of current and future problems caused by economic uncertainty. The authors proposed steps aimed at elimination of negative trends in dynamics of population savings in Russia.
在俄罗斯联邦地缘政治不稳定的情况下,提高居民生活水平的必要性显而易见,因此需要对居民储蓄的动态进行预测,这对联邦层面的战略决策非常重要。为了分析和预测俄罗斯居民的储蓄总量,作者制定了一套影响预测对象的因素体系。在因素分析的基础上,他们对 2025 年前全国居民储蓄动态和消费支出动态进行了情景预测,包括基本预测、保守预测和目标预测。本研究证实了不稳定的经济形势与储蓄障碍之间相互作用的论点,同时也说明了经济不确定性造成的一系列当前和未来问题。作者提出了旨在消除俄罗斯人口储蓄动态负面趋势的措施。
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引用次数: 0
Common Trends in Introducing Esg-Standards in Russia and Abroad 俄罗斯和国外引入 Esg 标准的共同趋势
Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-172-181
A. Barannikov, M. V. Danilina, L. I. Donskova
ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) concept is a code of rules and approaches dealing with doing business that fosters its sustainable development. Today it covers a lot of countries of the world, including Russia. The article studies acute problems of introducing ESG-standards on sustainable development in Russia and overseas countries. At present there are more than 70 standards, however a unique ESG-standard has not been developed yet. Due to the fact countries use existing standards or develop their own ones. The authors show that the development of standards can have different stages: some countries only consider the idea of standards, while others have already been developing them. Russia could reorient to Asian markets, where ESG concept is no less important than in Europe. Agenda of sustainable development is being transformed and the idea of ESG concept is moving from ecological sustainability to social tendency in line with economic adaptation to the current conditions. In Russia the home ESG-trend starts developing, which orientates to home market: own rating agencies, national ESG-scoring, ESG-register, etc. In the future ESG-partnership can be extended to EAEU countries, BRICS and some countries of the Pacific region.
ESG(环境、社会和治理)概念是一套处理促进企业可持续发展的规则和方法的准则。如今,它已覆盖世界上许多国家,包括俄罗斯。文章研究了在俄罗斯和其他国家引入可持续发展环境、社会和治理标准的尖锐问题。目前有 70 多项标准,但尚未制定独特的 ESG 标准。事实上,各国都在使用现有标准或制定自己的标准。作者指出,标准的制定可以分为不同阶段:一些国家只是考虑制定标准的想法,而另一些国家已经在制定标准。俄罗斯可以调整方向,面向亚洲市场,因为在亚洲,ESG 概念的重要性不亚于欧洲。可持续发展的议程正在发生变化,ESG 概念的理念正在从生态可持续性转向与经济适应当前条件相一致的社会趋势。在俄罗斯,国内的 ESG 趋势开始发展,以国内市场为导向:自己的评级机构、国家 ESG 评分、ESG 注册等。未来,ESG 伙伴关系可以扩展到欧洲经济联盟国家、金砖国家和太平洋地区的一些国家。
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引用次数: 0
Analyzing Monetaray and Credit Policy of the Russian Federation in Conditions of Sancion Restrictions 在制裁限制条件下分析俄罗斯联邦的货币和信贷政策
Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-94-101
E. V. Erokhina
The article deals with problems connected with monetary and credit policy of the Russian Federation in new economic and geo-political conditions, such as mass sanction pressure on home economy, serious fluctuations of raw material prices, drastic changes in economic logistic chains and growing needs in budget expenditure. The author showed the role of monetary and credit sphere in the system of providing national economic security in the country, investigated tools of monetary and credit policy in conditions of sanctions and analyzed and assessed key trends that are realized by the Bank of Russia and aimed at overcoming economic after-effects of sanctions. The article fixed characteristics of the monetary and credit system which can be considered safe. Steps of the Bank of Russia aimed at overcoming economic after-effects and minimization of threats for the monetary and credit system were studied. It was shown that innovation development of the banking system is still a promising trend that includes the project of using the digital profile aiming at higher accessibility of finance resources and minimization of negative consequences of sanction restrictions. And finally, the author came to the conclusion that high degree of openness of such policy can increase confidence on the part of economic relation entities to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation as a key monetary and credit institution.
文章论述了在新的经济和地缘政治条件下与俄罗斯联邦货币和信贷政策有关的问题,如对国内经济的大规模制裁压力、原材料价格的严重波动、经济物流链的急剧变化以及预算支出需求的增长。作者阐述了货币和信贷领域在保障国家经济安全体系中的作用,研究了制裁条件下的货币和信贷政策工具,分析和评估了俄罗斯银行为克服制裁的经济后遗症而实现的主要趋势。文章确定了可被视为安全的货币信贷体系的特征。研究了俄罗斯银行旨在克服经济后遗症和将货币信贷系统威胁最小化的措施。研究表明,银行系统的创新发展仍是一个大有可为的趋势,其中包括旨在提高金融资源的可获得性和最大限度地减少制裁限制的负面影响的数字资料使用项目。最后,作者得出结论认为,这种政策的高度开放性可以增强经济关系实体对作为重要货币和信贷机构的俄罗斯联邦中央银行的信心。
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引用次数: 0
Globalization of Education, Opportunities and Prospects of Exporting Russian Education in Conditions of Sanctions Against the Russion Federation 教育全球化,在制裁俄罗斯联邦的条件下输出俄罗斯教育的机遇和前景
Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-5-18
M. E. Kosov
The present research studies specific features of globalization in education and export of services illustrated by universities and higher education institutions in countries holding the leading positions on the global education market, such as Great Britain, France, German, China and others. The research methodology is based on general and specific methods of cognition, on the analysis of methodological approaches and theoretical models of education service export, on the empiric approach to identifying peculiarities of country policy in the aspect of education globalization and related risks. The article provides conclusions concerning feasibility of using some of them in Russian universities and other higher education institutions. The author put forward a set of steps and recommendations aimed at raising the potential of education service export in Russia. It is possible that the use of conclusions and recommendations made by the research, in addition to work being done by universities could improve efficiency of their international activity as a ‘soft power’, which responds to interests of the university, the entity of the Russian Federation and geopolitical goals of Russia with regard to the current sanction pressure.
本研究探讨了教育全球化的具体特点,以及在全球教育市场上占据领先地位的国家(如英国、法国、德国、中国和其他国家)的大学和高等教育机构的服务出口情况。研究方法基于一般和特殊的认知方法,基于对教育服务出口的方法论和理论模型的分析,基于确定教育全球化和相关风险方面国家政策特殊性的经验方法。文章就俄罗斯大学和其他高等教育机构使用其中一些方法的可行性得出了结论。作者提出了一系列旨在提高俄罗斯教育服务出口潜力的步骤和建议。除了大学正在开展的工作外,利用研究得出的结论和建议有可能提高其作为 "软实力 "的国际活动的效率,这符合大学、俄罗斯联邦实体的利益以及俄罗斯在当前制裁压力下的地缘政治目标。
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引用次数: 0
Developing Methodological Tools to Estimate Efficiency of Research Organization Divisions 开发估算研究组织部门效率的方法工具
Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-126-141
E. A. Grigoreva
Appraisal of any organization efficiency is an important element of detail studying the key indicators of business activity. As a rule such appraisal is based on the whole set of standard quantitative indices. Today there are no reliable methodological tools to estimate efficiency of research organization divisions, which could allow us to identify real problems and therefore to enhance their work. A lot of methods for estimating organization efficiency were proposed, however the majority of them do not take into account specific features of research organization and their division functioning. Due to this fact, we face the necessity to work out the system of key indicators, which could provide a general idea about the divisions’ standing and their possible problems and give an opportunity to control attaining the set goals. The author elaborated methodology of assessing the efficiency of research organization division work based on expert appraisal of indices of both quantitative and qualitative analysis.
评估任何组织的效率都是详细研究业务活动关键指标的重要内容。通常,这种评估以一整套标准量化指标为基础。如今,还没有可靠的方法工具来估算研究机构各部门的效率,从而让我们发现真正的问题,进而加强其工作。人们提出了许多估算组织效率的方法,但其中大多数都没有考虑到研究组织及其部门运作的具体特点。因此,我们有必要制定关键指标体系,以便对各部门的状况及其可能存在的问题有一个总体的了解,并为控制既定目标的实现提供机会。作者根据专家对定量和定性分析指标的评估,详细阐述了评估研究组织部门工作效率的方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Approach to Estimating Software Quality Based on Cognitive Model 基于认知模型的软件质量估算方法
Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-36-46
A. A. Drozhkin
The article studies generally accepted estimation of software quality, which shows its compliance with users’ expectations. The research deals with investigation of software quality and requirements to it and focuses on the fact that software quality depends on its correspondence to GOST R ISO/MEK 25010-2015. It is proposed to use a common model of quality in order to estimate software by analyzing expert appraisals and their aggregation through the mathematic tool of cognitive maps. The use of cognitive maps gives an opportunity to estimate the quality of software product. At the same time we can get a possibility to identify controlled factors of software product quality, affecting which we can increase its target factor of quality. Findings of the research can be used in practice to develop and estimate software quality on different levels of difficulty and specialization.
文章研究了公认的软件质量评估,该评估表明软件质量符合用户期望。研究涉及对软件质量及其要求的调查,重点是软件质量取决于其是否符合 GOST R ISO/MEK 25010-2015。研究建议使用通用的质量模型,通过分析专家的评价,并通过认知图的数学工具对其进行汇总,从而对软件进行评估。认知图的使用为评估软件产品质量提供了机会。同时,我们还可以确定软件产品质量的受控因素,通过影响这些因素来提高质量的目标因素。研究结果可用于开发和评估不同难度和专业水平的软件质量。
{"title":"The Approach to Estimating Software Quality Based on Cognitive Model","authors":"A. A. Drozhkin","doi":"10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-36-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2024-2-36-46","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies generally accepted estimation of software quality, which shows its compliance with users’ expectations. The research deals with investigation of software quality and requirements to it and focuses on the fact that software quality depends on its correspondence to GOST R ISO/MEK 25010-2015. It is proposed to use a common model of quality in order to estimate software by analyzing expert appraisals and their aggregation through the mathematic tool of cognitive maps. The use of cognitive maps gives an opportunity to estimate the quality of software product. At the same time we can get a possibility to identify controlled factors of software product quality, affecting which we can increase its target factor of quality. Findings of the research can be used in practice to develop and estimate software quality on different levels of difficulty and specialization.","PeriodicalId":210894,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Specific Introduction of Hrm-System in Trade Organizations 行业组织中人力资源管理系统的具体介绍
Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-1-171-182
N. Tishkina, R. V. Kamanina, L. I. Gratsianova
   A key topic in discussing the development of social and economic systems and state policy has been overall digital transformation. The introduction of digital technologies is a principle line in strategy of the majority of organizations, including trade ones. HR-divisions are also liable to digitalization effect. Providing HR-managers with support tools, advanced IT-solutions could optimize the process of HR management, focus attention on strategic tasks and in general raise the efficiency of personnel management. The article explains the purpose of HRM-systems used to manage personnel in today’s trade organizations, reviews functionality of current IT-solutions and identifies key trends in the field of HR-Tech. The authors managed to solve a set of tasks connected with introduction of HRM-systems with due regard to specificity of trade organizations and highlighted trends in the field of HR-Tech. The theoretical and methodological base of the research was formed by materials of research and analytical companies, provisions given in works by mainly Russian scientists and experts in the field of personnel management. Apart from that, methods of comparative analysis, generalization, systematization, etc. were used.
在讨论社会和经济体系的发展以及国家政策时,一个重要的话题就是全面数字化转型。引入数字技术是大多数组织(包括贸易组织)的战略原则。人力资源部门也会受到数字化的影响。先进的信息技术解决方案可为人力资源管理者提供支持工具,优化人力资源管理流程,将注意力集中在战略任务上,并从总体上提高人事管理效率。文章解释了当今贸易组织中用于人事管理的人力资源管理系统的目的,回顾了当前信息技术解决方案的功能,并确定了人力资源技术领域的主要趋势。作者设法解决了与引入人力资源管理系统有关的一系列任务,并适当考虑了行业组织的特殊性,突出了人力资源技术领域的发展趋势。研究的理论和方法基础由研究和分析公司的资料、主要由俄罗斯科学家和人事管理领域专家的著作提供。此外,还采用了比较分析、概括、系统化等方法。
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引用次数: 0
Specific Management of Business-Ecosystem Shaping and Developing 塑造和发展商业生态系统的具体管理
Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-1-160-170
O. Kalenov
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引用次数: 0
Providing Economic Security of Enterprises Through Sindinic as Science of Danger 通过 "危险科学"(Sindinic)为企业提供经济保障
Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.21686/2413-2829-2024-1-148-159
A. Dokukina
   Against a background of opportunities opened to business in times of innovation economy we can observe growing risks connected with specific features of information flows, technologies of transaction handling and new approaches in management. Due to these factors the author studies a model depicting parameters and characteristics of processes providing economic security of enterprises and possibilities of its application in practice. The article substantiates the assumption about expediency of using sindinic principles in managing the enterprise with regard to the current requirements to the level of economic security. The author puts forward the approach to using 5D model of sindinic in management of industrial enterprises, as well as innovation systems as a solution aimed at developing and retaining its competitive features in active interaction with external environment.
在创新经济时代为企业带来机遇的背景下,我们可以看到与信息流的具体特点、交易处理技术和新的管理方法有关的风险日益增加。基于这些因素,作者研究了一个模型,该模型描述了提供企业经济安全的过程的参数和特征,以及在实践中应用的可能性。文章证实了根据当前对经济安全水平的要求,在企业管理中使用 "信条 "原则的适宜性假设。作者提出了在工业企业管理中使用 5D 信迪纳模式的方法,以及创新系统作为在与外部环境积极互动中发展和保持其竞争特征的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
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Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
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