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Comments on the Review of the scientific evidence on the individual sensitivity to electromagnetic fields (EHS) by Dariusz Leszczynski. 对Dariusz Leszczynski关于个体电磁场敏感性(EHS)科学证据综述的评论。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0002
Maël Dieudonné
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引用次数: 1
High Altitude Pulmonary Edema, High Altitude Cerebral Edema, and Acute Mountain Sickness: an enhanced opinion from the High Andes - La Paz, Bolivia 3,500 m. 高原肺水肿,高原脑水肿和急性高山病:来自安第斯山脉-玻利维亚拉巴斯3500米的强化意见。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0172
Gustavo R Zubieta-Calleja, Natalia Zubieta-DeUrioste

Traveling to high altitudes for entertainment or work is sometimes associated with acute high altitude pathologies. In the past, scientific literature from the lowlander point of view was primarily based on mountain climbing. Sea level scientists developed all guidelines, but they need modifications for medical care in high altitude cities. Acute Mountain Sickness, High Altitude Pulmonary Edema, and High Altitude Cerebral Edema are medical conditions that some travelers can face. We present how to diagnose and treat acute high altitude pathologies, based on 51 years of high altitude physiology research and medical practice in hypobaric hypoxic diseases in La Paz, Bolivia (3,600 m; 11,811 ft), at the High Altitude Pulmonary and Pathology Institute (HAPPI - IPPA). These can occasionally present after flights to high altitude cities, both in lowlanders or high-altitude residents during re-entry. Acute high altitude ascent diseases can be adequately diagnosed and treated in high altitude cities following the presented guidelines. Treating these high-altitude illnesses, we had no loss of life. Traveling to a high altitude with sound medical advice should not be feared as it has many benefits. Nowadays, altitude descent and evacuation are not mandatory in populated highland cities, with adequate medical resources.

到高海拔地区旅游娱乐或工作有时与急性高原病有关。在过去,从低地人的角度来看,科学文献主要是基于登山。海平面科学家制定了所有的指导方针,但它们需要修改,以适应高海拔城市的医疗保健。急性高原病、高原肺水肿和高原脑水肿是一些旅行者可能面临的医疗状况。我们介绍了如何诊断和治疗急性高原病理,基于51年的高原生理学研究和医疗实践在拉巴斯,玻利维亚(3600米;11811英尺),在高海拔肺和病理研究所(HAPPI - IPPA)。在飞往高海拔城市后,这些症状偶尔会出现在低地居民或高海拔居民身上。根据所提出的指南,可以在高海拔城市充分诊断和治疗急性高原上升疾病。治疗这些高原疾病,我们没有人员伤亡。在良好的医疗建议下到高海拔地区旅行不应该害怕,因为它有很多好处。如今,在人口稠密的高原城市,医疗资源充足,海拔下降和疏散不是强制性的。
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引用次数: 5
A systematic review on photo-Fenton process as an efficient advanced oxidation for degradation of amoxicillin in aqueous environments. 系统综述了光- fenton法在水环境中高效降解阿莫西林的研究进展。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0155
Meghdad Pirsaheb, Hiwa Hossaini, Nazanin Kiani Raad, Sara Kianpour, Hooshyar Hossini

Amoxicillin (AMX) is one of the antibiotics in the penicillin category that is used in various fields. Considering the harmful effects of its remains, it is necessary to survey the ways to remove this compound. Advanced oxidation process (AOPs), specially photo-Fenton has been used for the removal of AMX. This study has been conducted based on PubMed, Google Scholar, DOAJ, Web of Science, and Scopus databases during the years 2008-2019. Some factors such as the aquatic solution, light source characteristics, iron, and H2O2 concentration, AMX degradation percentage, removal of total organic carbon percentage, and AMX concentration have been surveyed to optimize the process. Studies showed that the photo-Fenton process is highly dependent on pH, and in most studies, the highest efficiency has been observed in acidic pH values. Using a more energy light source can be effective in reducing the use of catalysts and oxidizers. The combined methods of AOPs such as photo-Fenton, electro-Fenton, and photo-electro-Fenton have higher efficiency in increasing mineralization than the photon process. The use of synthetic wastewater has a higher efficiency in the degradation of AMX than in real wastewater in the photo-Fenton process, which can be due to the absence of the interfering agents in synthetic environments.

阿莫西林(AMX)是青霉素类抗生素中的一种,广泛应用于各个领域。考虑到其残留的有害影响,有必要研究去除该化合物的方法。高级氧化法(AOPs),特别是光fenton法已被用于AMX的去除。本研究基于2008-2019年间的PubMed、Google Scholar、DOAJ、Web of Science和Scopus数据库进行。考察了水溶液、光源特性、铁、H2O2浓度、AMX降解率、总有机碳去除率、AMX浓度等因素,对工艺进行了优化。研究表明,光- fenton工艺高度依赖于pH值,在大多数研究中,在酸性pH值下观察到最高的效率。使用能量更高的光源可以有效地减少催化剂和氧化剂的使用。光- fenton、电- fenton、光电- fenton等AOPs组合方法在增加矿化方面比光子方法效率更高。在光- fenton工艺中,使用合成废水对AMX的降解效率高于使用真实废水,这可能是由于合成环境中没有干扰剂。
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引用次数: 2
Comparison of medical waste management methods in different countries: a systematic review. 不同国家医疗废物管理方法的比较:系统综述。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0170
Abdolmajid Fadaei

Medical waste status is a severe public health problem worldwide. Proper medical waste management is of paramount importance. However, there is insufficient information about medical waste management and lack of management in different countries. The aim of this research was to investigate and evaluate the present status of medical waste management in different countries. We systematically searched Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed Central, Google Scholar databases, as well as medRxiv using the following keywords: medical waste, waste management, disposal, healthcare per-capita generation, gross domestic product (GDP), and hospital. A total of 38 eligible articles were identified. Correlations were calculated between the amount of medical waste generated (kg bed.day-1) vs. GDP per capita ($) and ranking of healthcare system performance. A negative correlation was found between medical waste generation rate and ranking of healthcare system performance. According to the findings of this study, the medical waste generation rate in different countries ranged from 0.14 to 6.10 kg bed.day-1. About 25% of countries segregated medical waste, and about 17% used standard storage for all medical waste. Shortcomings were also found in waste collection, storage, transportation and transfer, and disposal of medical waste management activities in different countries. Only about 25% of countries simultaneously used three techniques, such as autoclaving, incineration, and landfill for disposal and treatment of medical waste, and 91% used incineration method. This study highlights an essential need for particular medical waste management guidelines and regulations, technologies, knowledge and financing to upgrade medical waste management worldwide. This study can be considered to be a good guide for further research on medical waste management in developing and developed countries.

医疗废物状况是世界范围内一个严重的公共卫生问题。适当的医疗废物管理至关重要。然而,关于医疗废物管理的信息不足,而且不同国家缺乏管理。本研究的目的是调查和评估不同国家医疗废物管理的现状。我们系统地检索了Embase、PubMed/MEDLINE、Scopus、PubMed Central、Google Scholar数据库以及medRxiv数据库,使用以下关键词:医疗废物、废物管理、处置、人均医疗产出、国内生产总值(GDP)和医院。总共确定了38个符合条件的条目。计算了医疗废物产生量(kg beds .day-1)与人均GDP($)和医疗保健系统绩效排名之间的相关性。医疗废弃物产生率与医疗系统绩效排名呈负相关。根据本研究结果,不同国家的医疗废物产生率在0.14 - 6.10 kg / d -1之间。约25%的国家对医疗废物进行分类,约17%的国家对所有医疗废物采用标准储存。不同国家在废物收集、储存、运输和转移以及处置医疗废物管理活动方面也存在不足。只有约25%的国家同时使用高压灭菌、焚烧和填埋等三种技术处置和处理医疗废物,91%的国家使用焚烧法。这项研究强调,迫切需要制定特定的医疗废物管理准则和法规、技术、知识和资金,以提升全球医疗废物管理水平。本研究可为发展中国家和发达国家医疗废物管理的进一步研究提供良好的指导。
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引用次数: 5
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity close to mobile phone base stations - a case study in Stockholm, Sweden. 靠近移动电话基站的电磁超敏反应——瑞典斯德哥尔摩的一个案例研究。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0169
Lennart Hardell, Tarmo Koppel

A previously healthy worker developed symptoms assigned to electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) after moving to an office with exposure to high levels of anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMFs). These symptoms consisted of e.g. headache, arthralgia, tinnitus, dizziness, memory loss, fatique, insomnia, transitory cardiovascular abnormalities, and skin lesions. Most of the symptoms were alleviated after 2 weeks sick leave. The highest radiofrequency (RF) field level at the working place was 1.72 V/m (7,852 μW/m2). Maximum value for extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) from electric power at 50 Hz was measured to 285 nT (mean 241 nT). For electric train ELF-EMF at 16.7 Hz was measured to 383 nT (mean 76 nT). Exposure to EMFs at the working place could be the cause for developing EHS related symptoms. The association was strengthened by the symptom reduction outside the working place.

一名以前健康的工作人员在搬到暴露于高水平人为电磁场的办公室后出现了电磁超敏症症状。这些症状包括头痛、关节痛、耳鸣、头晕、记忆力减退、疲劳、失眠、短暂性心血管异常和皮肤损伤。病休2周后大部分症状缓解。工作场所最高射频场电平为1.72 V/m (7852 μW/m2)。测得50 Hz电功率产生的极低频电磁场(ELF-EMF)最大值为285 nT(平均241 nT)。对于电动列车,16.7 Hz的极低频电动势测量为383 nT(平均76 nT)。在工作场所暴露于电磁场可能是产生EHS相关症状的原因。在工作场所之外症状的减轻加强了这种联系。
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引用次数: 4
Elevated blood lead levels of refugee children in the United States: a systematic review of recent literature (2011-2021). 美国难民儿童血铅水平升高:近期文献的系统回顾(2011-2021)。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0015
Joanna S Balza, Jean C Bikomeye, Kirsten M M Beyer, Caitlin Rublee, Kathryn E Flynn

Lead is an environmental hazard; even small elevations in blood lead level can cause serious negative health effects in children, including irreversible impacts such as learning difficulties, attention disorders, and behavioral issues. Previous research has shown that some groups are at higher risk for lead poisoning including racial/ethnic minorities, those with low economic status, and immigrants, especially refugees. This systematic review explores recent literature studying disparities in lead poisoning in refugee children. Search terms were chosen with the assistance of a medical librarian, and two independent reviewers assessed articles using a PICOS criteria (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study Design) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRIMSA-P) guidelines, a set of evidence-based minimum standards for reporting in systematic reviews. 321 article titles were reviewed, 61 abstracts screened, and 17 methods sections reviewed, ultimately including 13 studies. The studies found a high prevalence of elevated blood lead level among refugee populations when compared to reference populations. Both pre-migration and post-migration factors were identified as contributors to the disparity, and associations were identified between elevated blood lead levels and factors such as country of origin, age, and other health variables. Health providers and resettlement workers should be aware of these disparities and related factors. Testing, care, education and consistent follow-up should be provided.

铅是一种环境危害;即使血铅水平小幅升高,也会对儿童的健康造成严重的负面影响,包括学习困难、注意力障碍和行为问题等不可逆转的影响。以前的研究表明,一些群体铅中毒的风险更高,包括种族/少数民族、经济地位低的人以及移民,特别是难民。本系统综述探讨了最近研究难民儿童铅中毒差异的文献。在医学图书管理员的协助下选择检索词,两位独立审稿人根据系统评价和meta分析方案(PRIMSA-P)指南的首选报告项目,使用PICOS标准(人群、干预、比较、结果、研究设计)对文章进行评估,PRIMSA-P是一套系统评价中报告的循证最低标准。我们回顾了321篇文章标题,筛选了61篇摘要,回顾了17个方法部分,最终包括13项研究。研究发现,与参考人群相比,难民人群中血铅水平升高的发生率很高。移徙前和移徙后的因素都被确定为造成这种差异的因素,并确定了血铅水平升高与原籍国、年龄和其他健康变量等因素之间的关联。保健提供者和重新安置工作人员应了解这些差异和相关因素。应提供检测、护理、教育和持续的随访。
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引用次数: 0
Residues of carcinogenic pesticides in food: a systematic review. 食品中致癌农药残留的系统综述。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0253
Parisa Sadighara, Trias Mahmudiono, Nilufar Marufi, Najmeh Yazdanfar, Yadolah Fakhri, Ali Khalili Rikabadi, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah

Most agricultural products are exposed to pesticides. Organochlorine (OCPs) insecticides have been banned for years due to their persistence in the environment and lipophilic properties. On the other hand, some carcinogenic organophosphates are used in high amounts. Therefore, this systematic review was performed with the keywords; pesticide, carcinogenic, carcinogen, residue, contamination, pollution, and food to determine the type of food and pesticide. 663 manuscripts were found by searching in databases. After initial screening and quality assessment of full text, 26 manuscripts were selected. In this study, by reviewing selected manuscripts, about 13 pesticides were associated with carcinogenic effects. These pesticides were Chlorothalonil, Glyphosate, Tetrachlorvinphos, Parathion, Malathion, Diazinon, heptachlor, Hexachlorobenzene, aldrin, dieldrin, DDT, chlordane, Lindane. Most of these pesticides were organochlorine. The organochlorine pesticides are primarily detected in foods of animal origin. In some studies, the amount of carcinogenic organochlorine was higher than the permissible levels. From the carcinogenic herbicide, Glyphosate. An important finding of this systematic review is that carcinogenic organochlorines are still a threat to cancer incidence.

大多数农产品都接触过农药。有机氯(OCPs)杀虫剂由于其在环境中的持久性和亲脂性已被禁用多年。另一方面,一些致癌的有机磷酸盐被大量使用。因此,本文以以下关键词进行系统评价;农药、致癌物、致癌物、残留、污染、污染,以及食品和农药的种类确定。在数据库中检索到663篇稿件。经过初步筛选和全文质量评估,最终筛选出26篇稿件。在本研究中,通过对部分文献的回顾,发现约13种农药具有致癌作用。这些农药是百菌清、草甘膦、四氯磷、对硫磷、马拉硫磷、二嗪农、七氯、六氯苯、艾氏剂、狄氏剂、滴滴涕、氯丹、林丹。这些农药大多是有机氯。有机氯农药主要在动物源性食品中检测到。在一些研究中,致癌的有机氯含量高于允许的水平。从致癌除草剂,草甘膦。本系统综述的一个重要发现是,致癌的有机氯仍对癌症发病率构成威胁。
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引用次数: 5
Frontmatter 头版头条
4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-frontmatter2
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引用次数: 0
The concentration of Lithium in water resources: A systematic review, meta-analysis and health risk assessment. 水资源中锂的浓度:系统综述、荟萃分析和健康风险评估。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0025
Trias Mahmudiono, Yadolah Fakhri, Hasti Daraei, Fereshteh Mehri, Mahtab Einolghozati, Sara Mohamadi, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah

The presence of trace elements such as lithium (Li) in water resources in the long term can endanger consumers' health. Several studies have been conducted on Li concentration in water sources; hence, this study attempted to retrieve studies using a systematic search. The search was conducted in Web of Sciences, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus databases from 1 January 2010 to 15 January 2023. Li concentration was meta-analyzed based on the type of water resources and countries subgroups in the random effects model (REM) statistical analysis. In addition, health risk assessment in different age groups was calculated using the target hazard quotient (THQ). This study included 76 papers with 157 data reports in our meta-analysis. The overall pooled concentration of Li was 5.374 (95 % CI: 5.261-5.487 μg/L). The pooled concentration of Li in groundwater (40.407 μg/L) was 14.53 times surface water (2.785 μg/L). The highest water Li content was attributed to Mexico (2,209.05 μg/L), Bolivia (1,444.05 μg/L), Iraq (1,350 μg/L), and Argentina (516.39 μg/L). At the same time, the lowest water Li content was associated with Morocco (1.20 μg/L), Spain (0.46 μg/L), and India (0.13 μg/L). THQ due to Li in water resources in consumers of Iraq, Mexico, South Africa, Afghanistan, Bolivia, Portugal, Malawi, South Korea, Nepal, South Korea, Argentina, and the USA was higher than 1 value. Therefore, continuous monitoring of Li concentration in water sources and reducing Li concentration, especially in groundwater water, using new water treatment processes in these countries are recommended.

水资源中锂等微量元素的长期存在会危及消费者的健康。对水源中Li浓度进行了若干研究;因此,本研究试图通过系统检索来检索研究。检索于2010年1月1日至2023年1月15日在Web of Sciences、Embase、PubMed和Scopus数据库中进行。在随机效应模型(REM)统计分析中,基于水资源类型和国家亚组对Li浓度进行meta分析。此外,利用目标危害商(THQ)计算不同年龄组的健康风险评估。本研究纳入了我们meta分析的76篇论文和157份数据报告。Li的总浓度为5.374(95 % CI: 5.261 ~ 5.487 )。地下水中Li的集中浓度(40.407 μg/L)是地表水(2.785 μg/L)的14.53倍。水锂含量最高的是墨西哥(2209.05 μg/L)、玻利维亚(1444.05 μg/L)、伊拉克(1350 μg/L)和阿根廷(516.39 μg/L)。同时,摩洛哥(1.20 μg/L)、西班牙(0.46 μg/L)和印度(0.13 μg/L)的水锂含量最低。伊拉克、墨西哥、南非、阿富汗、玻利维亚、葡萄牙、马拉维、韩国、尼泊尔、韩国、阿根廷、美国等消费国水资源中由Li引起的THQ值均大于1。因此,建议这些国家持续监测水源中的锂浓度,并采用新的水处理工艺降低锂浓度,特别是地下水中的锂浓度。
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引用次数: 0
The association between polycystic ovary syndrome and environmental pollutants based on animal and human study; a systematic review. 多囊卵巢综合征与环境污染物关系的动物和人体研究系统回顾。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0187
Kiandokht Ghanati, Mahdi Jahanbakhsh, Attaollah Shakoori, Saeed Aghebat-Bekheir, Ali Khalili-Rikabadi, Parisa Sadighara

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders. This abnormality is identified with hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovary and ovulation disorder. Environmental factors are one of the etiologies of this disease. In this systematic review, a search was performed with the keywords of polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS, pesticides, organochlorine, heavy metals, PCBs, PAHs, bisphenol A, BPA, phthalates, mycotoxin, Tributyltin, TBT, environmental contaminants, regardless of publication time. 567 studies were obtained and after assessing 26 articles were finally selected. 61 % of the studies were attributed to bisphenol A. The positive correlation was seen between bisphenol A, tributyltin, air pollutants and organic contaminates with this disease. The association between this syndrome and bisphenol A in adolescents was also confirmed. Zinc has led to a reduction in the incidence of disease in almost all research literature. This issue can be considered in the prevention of the disease.

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是最常见的内分泌疾病之一。这种异常与高雄激素症、多囊卵巢和排卵障碍有关。环境因素是该病的病因之一。本系统综述以多囊卵巢综合征、多囊卵巢综合征、农药、有机氯、重金属、多氯联苯、多环芳烃、双酚a、双酚a、邻苯二甲酸盐、霉菌毒素、三丁基锡、TBT、环境污染物等关键词进行检索,不考虑发表时间。共获得567篇研究,经过评估,最终选择了26篇。61 %的研究归因于双酚A。双酚A、三丁基锡、空气污染物和有机污染物与该病呈正相关。这种综合征与青少年双酚A之间的联系也得到了证实。在几乎所有的研究文献中,锌都导致了疾病发病率的降低。这个问题可以在疾病的预防中加以考虑。
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引用次数: 0
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Reviews on Environmental Health
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