Objectives: Health care workers (HCWs) are exposed to needle needles daily. Despite individual studies, there is no statistics on the prevalence of unreported needle stick injuries (NSIs) have been reported. This study was performed to determine the prevalence and causes of unreported NSIs among HCWs.
Content: In present systematic review and meta-analysis study, three international databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed) were searched from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2018. The random model was used to determine the prevalence of unreported needle stick among HCWs.
Summary and outlook: Forty-one studies performed on 19,635 health care workers entered the final stage. Based-on random effect model, pooled prevalence of unreported needle stick injuries was 59.9% (95% CI: 52.0, 67.7; I2=98.9%). The most common cause of unreported NSIs was: They were not worried about NSIs (n=12). The high prevalence of unreported needle sticks injuries indicates the urgency and necessity of paying attention to strategies to improve reporting among health workers.
目的:卫生保健工作者(HCWs)每天都暴露于针头。尽管有单独的研究,但没有关于未报告的针头刺伤(nsi)发生率的统计数据。本研究旨在确定卫生保健工作者中未报告的nsi的患病率和原因。内容:本系统综述和荟萃分析研究检索了Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed三个国际数据库,检索时间为2000年1月1日至2018年12月31日。采用随机模型确定卫生保健工作者中未报告的扎针率。总结与展望:对19635名卫生保健工作者进行的41项研究进入最后阶段。基于随机效应模型,未报告的针刺伤总发生率为59.9% (95% CI: 52.0, 67.7;I2 = 98.9%)。未报告的nsi最常见的原因是:他们不担心nsi (n=12)。未报告的针扎伤发生率很高,这表明迫切需要关注改善卫生工作者报告情况的战略。
{"title":"Prevalence and causes of unreported needle stick injuries among health care workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Razieh Behzadmehr, Abbas Balouchi, Mehran Hesaraki, Farshid Alazmani Noodeh, Hosein Rafiemanesh, Abdulqadir J Nashwan, Fateme Behmaneshpour, Maliheh Rahdar, Majid Dastres, Shahaboddin Atharyan, Maryam Jahantigh, Frood Malekshahi","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Health care workers (HCWs) are exposed to needle needles daily. Despite individual studies, there is no statistics on the prevalence of unreported needle stick injuries (NSIs) have been reported. This study was performed to determine the prevalence and causes of unreported NSIs among HCWs.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>In present systematic review and meta-analysis study, three international databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed) were searched from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2018. The random model was used to determine the prevalence of unreported needle stick among HCWs.</p><p><strong>Summary and outlook: </strong>Forty-one studies performed on 19,635 health care workers entered the final stage. Based-on random effect model, pooled prevalence of unreported needle stick injuries was 59.9% (95% CI: 52.0, 67.7; I2=98.9%). The most common cause of unreported NSIs was: They were not worried about NSIs (n=12). The high prevalence of unreported needle sticks injuries indicates the urgency and necessity of paying attention to strategies to improve reporting among health workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9102729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 'alarm clock' for human beings in the era of climate medicine has rung. Original diseases have appeared, that could not be explained and attributed to common causes, which are suggested to be linked to global warming and environmental factors. Such an indolent disease is the chronic kidney disease of unknown cause (CKDu), introduced also as Mesoamerican or Uddanam nephropathy. Scientists equate the climate impact on kidneys with the canary in the coal mine; coal miners used to carry caged canaries with them, so that if poisonous gases, such as methane or carbon monoxide leaked into the mine-shaft, the gases would kill the canary before killing the miners; similarly, kidneys are injured before devastating and lethal complications occur in humans. In some regions of Central America, the deaths due to chronic kidney disease increased by 177% with a death toll being as high as over 20,000. It was first documented in animals that periodic heat and dehydration have a major role in causing chronic kidney disease. Based on that observation, it is advocated that young male agricultural workers in Central America and South Asia, develop renal disease by getting exposed to extreme heat repeatedly. The clinico-pathological characteristics of this type of kidney injury, do not belong to an existing classification, even though a form of tubulo-interstitial renal disease has been proposed. In this review, we will discuss about CKDu, its epidemiology and pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentation and diagnostic biomarkers and examine potential therapeutic options.
{"title":"\"Failing kidneys in a failing planet; CKD of unknown origin\".","authors":"Eleni Geladari, Natalia Vallianou, Charalampia Geladari, Konstantinos Aronis, Konstantinos Vlachos, Emmanuel Andreadis, Ioannis Theocharopoulos, Spyros Dourakis","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 'alarm clock' for human beings in the era of climate medicine has rung. Original diseases have appeared, that could not be explained and attributed to common causes, which are suggested to be linked to global warming and environmental factors. Such an indolent disease is the chronic kidney disease of unknown cause (CKDu), introduced also as Mesoamerican or Uddanam nephropathy. Scientists equate the climate impact on kidneys with the canary in the coal mine; coal miners used to carry caged canaries with them, so that if poisonous gases, such as methane or carbon monoxide leaked into the mine-shaft, the gases would kill the canary before killing the miners; similarly, kidneys are injured before devastating and lethal complications occur in humans. In some regions of Central America, the deaths due to chronic kidney disease increased by 177% with a death toll being as high as over 20,000. It was first documented in animals that periodic heat and dehydration have a major role in causing chronic kidney disease. Based on that observation, it is advocated that young male agricultural workers in Central America and South Asia, develop renal disease by getting exposed to extreme heat repeatedly. The clinico-pathological characteristics of this type of kidney injury, do not belong to an existing classification, even though a form of tubulo-interstitial renal disease has been proposed. In this review, we will discuss about CKDu, its epidemiology and pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentation and diagnostic biomarkers and examine potential therapeutic options.</p>","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9089045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaotong Yang, Gongquan Xu, Xiaolong Liu, Guiming Zhou, Bing Zhang, Fan Wang, Lingjuan Wang, Bin Li, Liming Li
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are ubiquitous in our daily lives because of the outstanding physicochemical properties. CNMs play curial parts in industrial and medical fields, however, the risks of CNMs exposure to human health are still not fully understood. In view of, it is becoming extremely difficult to ignore the existence of the toxicity of CNMs. With the increasing exploitation of CNMs, it's necessary to evaluate the potential impact of these materials on human health. In recent years, more and more researches have shown that CNMs are contributed to the cancer formation and metastasis after long-term exposure through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) which is associated with cancer progression and invasion. This review discusses CNMs properties and applications in industrial and medical fields, adverse effects on human health, especially the induction of tumor initiation and metastasis through EMT and CSCs procedure.
{"title":"Carbon nanomaterial-involved EMT and CSC in cancer.","authors":"Xiaotong Yang, Gongquan Xu, Xiaolong Liu, Guiming Zhou, Bing Zhang, Fan Wang, Lingjuan Wang, Bin Li, Liming Li","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are ubiquitous in our daily lives because of the outstanding physicochemical properties. CNMs play curial parts in industrial and medical fields, however, the risks of CNMs exposure to human health are still not fully understood. In view of, it is becoming extremely difficult to ignore the existence of the toxicity of CNMs. With the increasing exploitation of CNMs, it's necessary to evaluate the potential impact of these materials on human health. In recent years, more and more researches have shown that CNMs are contributed to the cancer formation and metastasis after long-term exposure through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) which is associated with cancer progression and invasion. This review discusses CNMs properties and applications in industrial and medical fields, adverse effects on human health, especially the induction of tumor initiation and metastasis through EMT and CSCs procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10840360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaheen Akhlaq, Shabnam Anjum Ara, Bilal Ahmad, Mohammad Fazil, Usama Akram, Merajul Haque, Asim Ali Khan
Objectives: This article aims to discuss the impact of air quality on human health, measures to achieve the goal of good indoor air quality and proposed benefits of interventions of Unani Medicine with an evidence-based approach.
Content: The significance of air quality on the health of the community cannot be denied. Recent evidences from WHO illustrated data on severe air pollutants and their impacts on human health ranges from minor upper respiratory irritation to chronic respiratory ailments including lung carcinoma and heart disease associated with premature mortality and reduced life expectancy. In Unani Medicine, air has been included in the list of factors, which are six in number and play the central role in prevention of diseases and maintenance of health. Air is considered as the medium of most of the extrinsic factors such as chemical and biological pollutants affecting health and their exposure results in short and long-term health issues. The literature of Unani Medicine proposes many simple and effective measures, which help to improve indoor and outdoor air quality. The goal of outdoor clean air is achieved through implementation of measures to tackle the source of pollution, while indoor clean air is attained through various means e.g., fumigation with herbal drugs. Hence, an extensive literature survey on Unani reserve was conducted to collect information about the concept of air discussed under the heading of six essential factors and its implication in prevention of diseases and maintenance of health. Further, research databases such as Pub Med, Google Scholar, and Science-Direct were broadly searched for evidence on the efficacy of herbals mentioned in Unani literature for the indoor air purification and subsequent air quality improvement.
Summary and outlook: Recent studies showed good air quality leads to decrease in mortality, particularly of respiratory and cardiovascular deaths whereas poor air quality results in a variety of diseases. Unani scholars prescribed several regimens such as Bukhoor (Fumigation), Sa'oot (Nasal instillation) and use of Abeer (Perfumes) and Nadd (Incense) for the improvement of air quality. Likewise various herbal fumigants and sprays containing drugs like mī'a sā'ila (Liquidambar orientalis Mill.), mastagi (Pistacia lentiscus L.), mushk (Moschus moschiferus L.), loban (Styrax benzoides W. G. Craib), ābnoos (Diospyros ebenum J. Koenig ex Retz), zā'fran (Crocus sativus L.) and sirka (vinegar) etc. has been well explained and used exclusively for air purification and improvement of AQI. Therefore, in the present scenario of altered air quality, we forward certain measures described in Unani system of medicine for health promotion and protection. Scientific evidence on several drugs reveal the presence of a number of pharmacologically active substances, which may p
目的:本文旨在讨论空气质量对人体健康的影响,实现良好室内空气质量目标的措施,以及以循证方法提出的Unani医学干预措施的好处。内容:空气质量对社会健康的重要性是不容否认的。世卫组织最近提供的证据说明了关于严重空气污染物及其对人类健康影响的数据,范围从轻微的上呼吸道刺激到慢性呼吸道疾病,包括与过早死亡和预期寿命缩短有关的肺癌和心脏病。在《乌纳尼医学》中,空气被列入六项因素清单,在预防疾病和保持健康方面发挥核心作用。空气被认为是影响健康的大多数外在因素(如化学和生物污染物)的媒介,接触这些因素会导致短期和长期的健康问题。Unani Medicine的文献提出了许多简单有效的措施,有助于改善室内和室外空气质量。室外清洁空气的目标是通过实施措施来解决污染源,而室内清洁空气是通过各种手段来实现的,例如用草药熏蒸。因此,对Unani保护区进行了广泛的文献调查,以收集有关在“六个基本因素”标题下讨论的空气概念及其在预防疾病和保持健康方面的含义的信息。此外,在Pub Med、Google Scholar和Science-Direct等研究数据库中广泛搜索了Unani文献中提到的草药对室内空气净化和随后空气质量改善的功效的证据。摘要与展望:最近的研究表明,良好的空气质量导致死亡率下降,特别是呼吸系统和心血管疾病死亡率下降,而空气质量差导致各种疾病。Unani学者提出了几种改善空气质量的方法,如Bukhoor(熏蒸)、Sa'oot(鼻灌)和使用Abeer(香水)和Nadd(熏香)。同样,各种草药熏蒸剂和喷雾剂含有的药物,如m 'a sawa 'ila (Liquidambar orientalis Mill.), mastagi (Pistacia lentiscus L.),麝香(Moschus moschiferus L.), loban (Styrax benzoides w.g. Craib), ābnoos (Diospyros ebenum J. Koenig ex Retz), zha 'fran (Crocus sativus L.)和sirka(醋)等,已经被很好地解释并专门用于空气净化和改善AQI。因此,在目前空气质量改变的情况下,我们提出了Unani医学系统中描述的促进和保护健康的某些措施。一些药物的科学证据揭示了一些药理活性物质的存在,这可能为净化空气提供新的途径。
{"title":"Interventions of Unani medicine for maintenance of health with special reference to air quality: an evidence-based review.","authors":"Shaheen Akhlaq, Shabnam Anjum Ara, Bilal Ahmad, Mohammad Fazil, Usama Akram, Merajul Haque, Asim Ali Khan","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This article aims to discuss the impact of air quality on human health, measures to achieve the goal of good indoor air quality and proposed benefits of interventions of Unani Medicine with an evidence-based approach.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>The significance of air quality on the health of the community cannot be denied. Recent evidences from WHO illustrated data on severe air pollutants and their impacts on human health ranges from minor upper respiratory irritation to chronic respiratory ailments including lung carcinoma and heart disease associated with premature mortality and reduced life expectancy. In Unani Medicine, air has been included in the list of factors, which are six in number and play the central role in prevention of diseases and maintenance of health. Air is considered as the medium of most of the extrinsic factors such as chemical and biological pollutants affecting health and their exposure results in short and long-term health issues. The literature of Unani Medicine proposes many simple and effective measures, which help to improve indoor and outdoor air quality. The goal of outdoor clean air is achieved through implementation of measures to tackle the source of pollution, while indoor clean air is attained through various means e.g., fumigation with herbal drugs. Hence, an extensive literature survey on Unani reserve was conducted to collect information about the concept of air discussed under the heading of six essential factors and its implication in prevention of diseases and maintenance of health. Further, research databases such as Pub Med, Google Scholar, and Science-Direct were broadly searched for evidence on the efficacy of herbals mentioned in Unani literature for the indoor air purification and subsequent air quality improvement.</p><p><strong>Summary and outlook: </strong>Recent studies showed good air quality leads to decrease in mortality, particularly of respiratory and cardiovascular deaths whereas poor air quality results in a variety of diseases. Unani scholars prescribed several regimens such as <i>Bukhoor</i> (Fumigation), <i>Sa'oot</i> (Nasal instillation) and use of <i>Abeer</i> (Perfumes) and <i>Nadd</i> (Incense) for the improvement of air quality. Likewise various herbal fumigants and sprays containing drugs like mī'a sā'ila (<i>Liquidambar orientalis</i> Mill.), mastagi (<i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> L.), mushk (<i>Moschus moschiferus</i> L.), loban (<i>Styrax benzoides</i> W. G. Craib), ābnoos (<i>Diospyros ebenum</i> J. Koenig ex Retz), zā'fran (<i>Crocus sativus</i> L.) and sirka (vinegar) etc. has been well explained and used exclusively for air purification and improvement of AQI. Therefore, in the present scenario of altered air quality, we forward certain measures described in Unani system of medicine for health promotion and protection. Scientific evidence on several drugs reveal the presence of a number of pharmacologically active substances, which may p","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9414894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human exposure to a hot environment may result in various heat-related illnesses (HRIs), which range in severity from mild and moderate forms to life-threatening heatstroke. The Hajj is one of the largest annual mass gatherings globally and has historically been associated with HRIs. Hajj attracts over two million Muslim pilgrims from more than 180 countries to the holy city of Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Several modifiable and non-modifiable factors render Hajj pilgrims at increased risk of developing HRIs during Hajj. These include characteristics of the Hajj, its location, population, and rituals, as well as pilgrims' knowledge of HRIs and their attitude and behavior. Makkah is characterized by a hot desert climate and fluctuating levels of relative humidity. Pilgrims are very diverse ethnically and geographically, with different adaptations to heat. Significant proportions of the Hajj population are elderly, obese, and with low levels of fitness. In addition, many have underlying health conditions and are on multiple medications that can interfere with thermoregulation. Other factors are inherent in the Hajj and its activities, including crowding, physically demanding outdoor rituals, and a high frequency of infection and febrile illness. Pilgrims generally lack awareness of HRIs, and their uptake of preventive measures is variable. In addition, many engage in hazardous behaviors that increase their risk of HRIs. These include performing rituals during the peak sunshine hours with no sun protection and with suboptimal sleep, nutrition, and hydration, while neglecting treatment for their chronic conditions. HRIs preventive plans for Hajj should incorporate measures to address the aforementioned factors to reduce the burden of these illnesses in future Hajj seasons. Lessons from the Hajj can be used to inform policy making and HRIs preventive measures in the general population worldwide.
{"title":"Risk factors for heat-related illnesses during the Hajj mass gathering: an expert review.","authors":"Saber Yezli","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human exposure to a hot environment may result in various heat-related illnesses (HRIs), which range in severity from mild and moderate forms to life-threatening heatstroke. The Hajj is one of the largest annual mass gatherings globally and has historically been associated with HRIs. Hajj attracts over two million Muslim pilgrims from more than 180 countries to the holy city of Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Several modifiable and non-modifiable factors render Hajj pilgrims at increased risk of developing HRIs during Hajj. These include characteristics of the Hajj, its location, population, and rituals, as well as pilgrims' knowledge of HRIs and their attitude and behavior. Makkah is characterized by a hot desert climate and fluctuating levels of relative humidity. Pilgrims are very diverse ethnically and geographically, with different adaptations to heat. Significant proportions of the Hajj population are elderly, obese, and with low levels of fitness. In addition, many have underlying health conditions and are on multiple medications that can interfere with thermoregulation. Other factors are inherent in the Hajj and its activities, including crowding, physically demanding outdoor rituals, and a high frequency of infection and febrile illness. Pilgrims generally lack awareness of HRIs, and their uptake of preventive measures is variable. In addition, many engage in hazardous behaviors that increase their risk of HRIs. These include performing rituals during the peak sunshine hours with no sun protection and with suboptimal sleep, nutrition, and hydration, while neglecting treatment for their chronic conditions. HRIs preventive plans for Hajj should incorporate measures to address the aforementioned factors to reduce the burden of these illnesses in future Hajj seasons. Lessons from the Hajj can be used to inform policy making and HRIs preventive measures in the general population worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10851221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enrique Arribas, Isabel Escobar, Antonio Martinez-Plaza, Raquel Ramirez-Vazquez
In this letter, we present some comments related to Pall's publication, in which Pall states that the electric field disappears after a few centimeters and that the magnetic field continues progressing within the studied material.
{"title":"Comment on Martin L. Pall \"Millimeter (MM) wave and microwave frequency radiation produce deeply penetrating effects: the biology and the physics\", Rev Environ Health, 2021.","authors":"Enrique Arribas, Isabel Escobar, Antonio Martinez-Plaza, Raquel Ramirez-Vazquez","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this letter, we present some comments related to Pall's publication, in which Pall states that the electric field disappears after a few centimeters and that the magnetic field continues progressing within the studied material.</p>","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10857286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exposure to hazardous air pollutants is identified as most obvious premature mortality factors in the world. Numerous epidemiological studies have estimated exposure to air pollutants may cause pulmonary toxicity and the incidence of respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis and asthma. The currently research was performed to evaluation the association between gaseous pollutants and lung function in healthy adults. Articles related to this study were selected from researches of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. A total of 2,644 articles were retrieved and 39 records were reviewed after removing duplicates and excluding irrelevant studies. The result of this systematic review indicated that there is some evidence on decreasing lung function with exposure to gaseous air pollutants (NO2, SO2, and O3) which can have negative effects on human health. Although according to the evidence changes in lung function are mostly linked to the exposure to environmental pollutants including CO, O3, NO2 and SO2, the results should be interpreted with caution considering some following issues discussed in this review. Therefore, further studies are required considering well-designed studies in large scales to strengthen the evidence.
接触有害空气污染物被确定为世界上最明显的过早死亡因素。许多流行病学研究估计,接触空气污染物可能导致肺毒性和呼吸系统疾病的发病率,包括慢性阻塞性肺病、慢性支气管炎和哮喘。目前的研究是为了评估气态污染物与健康成人肺功能之间的关系。与本研究相关的文章选自Scopus、PubMed和Web of Science数据库的研究。共检索2644篇文献,剔除重复和不相关研究后,对39篇文献进行了回顾。本系统综述的结果表明,有一些证据表明,暴露于气态空气污染物(NO2、SO2和O3)会降低肺功能,对人体健康产生负面影响。虽然根据证据,肺功能的变化主要与暴露于环境污染物(包括CO, O3, NO2和SO2)有关,但考虑到本文讨论的一些问题,应谨慎解释这些结果。因此,需要进一步的研究,考虑设计良好的大尺度研究,以加强证据。
{"title":"Exposure to ambient gaseous air pollutants and adult lung function: a systematic review.","authors":"Kazhal Masroor, Mansour Shamsipour, Ramin Mehrdad, Farzad Fanaei, Mina Aghaei, Masud Yunesian","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to hazardous air pollutants is identified as most obvious premature mortality factors in the world. Numerous epidemiological studies have estimated exposure to air pollutants may cause pulmonary toxicity and the incidence of respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis and asthma. The currently research was performed to evaluation the association between gaseous pollutants and lung function in healthy adults. Articles related to this study were selected from researches of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. A total of 2,644 articles were retrieved and 39 records were reviewed after removing duplicates and excluding irrelevant studies. The result of this systematic review indicated that there is some evidence on decreasing lung function with exposure to gaseous air pollutants (NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and O<sub>3</sub>) which can have negative effects on human health. Although according to the evidence changes in lung function are mostly linked to the exposure to environmental pollutants including CO, O<sub>3</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub>, the results should be interpreted with caution considering some following issues discussed in this review. Therefore, further studies are required considering well-designed studies in large scales to strengthen the evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10848030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides a systematic review of the evidence linking housing and health. This involved a review of 59 peer-reviewed journal papers, that included case studies on the health impacts of housing and were published in English, in the past decade (2010-2020). Our systematic review of the literature suggested most of the research on the health impacts of housing employed quantitative methodology, were conducted in the Global North and were published in Medical and Health Sciences journals. Research findings demonstrated four key areas through which housing impacts health: neighbourhood or context, physical building, housing market and housing policy. This paper provides valuable information to researchers for future research directions on the associations between housing and health and to decision-makers and planners for planning healthy cities.
{"title":"A decade of research on housing and health: a systematic literature review.","authors":"Sara Alidoust, Wei Huang","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper provides a systematic review of the evidence linking housing and health. This involved a review of 59 peer-reviewed journal papers, that included case studies on the health impacts of housing and were published in English, in the past decade (2010-2020). Our systematic review of the literature suggested most of the research on the health impacts of housing employed quantitative methodology, were conducted in the Global North and were published in Medical and Health Sciences journals. Research findings demonstrated four key areas through which housing impacts health: neighbourhood or context, physical building, housing market and housing policy. This paper provides valuable information to researchers for future research directions on the associations between housing and health and to decision-makers and planners for planning healthy cities.</p>","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10851484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food additives contain synthetic and natural chemical compounds and are one of the causes of food allergies. In this regard, it is necessary to recognize the food additives that are of special interest for children. In this survey, the relation between food additives and allergic reactions and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders in children was studied. The research studies with keywords "allergic reactions", "hypersensitivity", "food additives" and "children" were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and SID databases, from 1984 to 2020. Three hundred twenty-seven studies were obtained and only seven articles were finally selected according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. In the final review, seven articles were selected to investigate the relationship between food additives and hypersensitivity reactions. Some clinical factors such as urticaria, eczema, rhinitis and gastrointestinal symptoms and the prevalence of laboratory evidence in atopic children are due to increased exposure to food additives including artificial colors and sweeteners, preservatives, and monosodium glutamate. Clinical signs and laboratory evidence prove a significant association between some food additives and allergenic adverse reactions. It was also found that food additives such as artificial colors and sweeteners, preservatives, and monosodium glutamate are responsible for most cases of hypersensitivity in children, and the prevalence of hypersensitivity to food additives was estimated to be about 1.2% based on data extracted from studies.
食品添加剂含有合成和天然化合物,是引起食物过敏的原因之一。在这方面,有必要认识到儿童特别感兴趣的食品添加剂。本研究旨在探讨食品添加剂与儿童过敏反应及注意缺陷多动障碍的关系。在PubMed、Scopus、Science Direct、Web of Science、SID等数据库中检索1984 - 2020年以“allergic reactions”、“hypersensitivity”、“food additives”、“children”为关键词的研究。共获得327篇研究,最终根据排除和纳入标准筛选出7篇。在最后的回顾中,我们选择了7篇文章来研究食品添加剂与过敏反应的关系。一些临床因素,如荨麻疹、湿疹、鼻炎和胃肠道症状以及实验室证据在特应性儿童中的流行,是由于增加了对食品添加剂的接触,包括人工色素和甜味剂、防腐剂和味精。临床体征和实验室证据证明,某些食品添加剂与过敏性不良反应之间存在显著关联。研究还发现,人工色素和甜味剂、防腐剂和味精等食品添加剂是导致儿童过敏的主要原因,根据研究数据估计,对食品添加剂过敏的发生率约为1.2%。
{"title":"Association between food additives and prevalence of allergic reactions in children: a systematic review.","authors":"Parisa Sadighara, Mehdi Safta, Intissar Limam, Kiandokht Ghanati, Zahra Nazari, Marzieh Karami, Amirhossein Abedini","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food additives contain synthetic and natural chemical compounds and are one of the causes of food allergies. In this regard, it is necessary to recognize the food additives that are of special interest for children. In this survey, the relation between food additives and allergic reactions and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders in children was studied. The research studies with keywords \"allergic reactions\", \"hypersensitivity\", \"food additives\" and \"children\" were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and SID databases, from 1984 to 2020. Three hundred twenty-seven studies were obtained and only seven articles were finally selected according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. In the final review, seven articles were selected to investigate the relationship between food additives and hypersensitivity reactions. Some clinical factors such as urticaria, eczema, rhinitis and gastrointestinal symptoms and the prevalence of laboratory evidence in atopic children are due to increased exposure to food additives including artificial colors and sweeteners, preservatives, and monosodium glutamate. Clinical signs and laboratory evidence prove a significant association between some food additives and allergenic adverse reactions. It was also found that food additives such as artificial colors and sweeteners, preservatives, and monosodium glutamate are responsible for most cases of hypersensitivity in children, and the prevalence of hypersensitivity to food additives was estimated to be about 1.2% based on data extracted from studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9414931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today microplastics (MPs) have received worldwide attention as an emerging environmental pollution which is one of the four major global environmental threat and health hazard to human as well. Unfortunately, MPs have been founded in the all environments and media include air, water resources, sediments, and soil. It should not be forgotten MPs have also been detected in food and processing products like tuna. MPs can be ingested by marine organisms such as zooplankton, fish and birds. Accumulation and distribution of MPs by commercially important aquatic organisms is expected to lead to greater exposure risk for human populations with possible adverse effects over time. The aim of this work was to review the published literature regarding the contamination of commercial fish muscle for human consumption. Furthermore, a short revision of the environmental contamination and human health effects by MPs are included. We also estimated human daily intake considering the worldwide contamination of commercial fish muscle ranged from 0.016 items/g muscle of fish to 6.06 items/g muscle of fish. MPs have been found in 56.5% of the commercial fish samples analysed here. As fish is used in human food table across the word, they constitute a long-term exposure route for all humans and raise the concern about the potential public health risk.
{"title":"A review of microplastic pollution in commercial fish for human consumption.","authors":"Pouran Makhdoumi, Hooshyar Hossini, Meghdad Pirsaheb","doi":"10.1515/reveh-2021-0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Today microplastics (MPs) have received worldwide attention as an emerging environmental pollution which is one of the four major global environmental threat and health hazard to human as well. Unfortunately, MPs have been founded in the all environments and media include air, water resources, sediments, and soil. It should not be forgotten MPs have also been detected in food and processing products like tuna. MPs can be ingested by marine organisms such as zooplankton, fish and birds. Accumulation and distribution of MPs by commercially important aquatic organisms is expected to lead to greater exposure risk for human populations with possible adverse effects over time. The aim of this work was to review the published literature regarding the contamination of commercial fish muscle for human consumption. Furthermore, a short revision of the environmental contamination and human health effects by MPs are included. We also estimated human daily intake considering the worldwide contamination of commercial fish muscle ranged from 0.016 items/g muscle of fish to 6.06 items/g muscle of fish. MPs have been found in 56.5% of the commercial fish samples analysed here. As fish is used in human food table across the word, they constitute a long-term exposure route for all humans and raise the concern about the potential public health risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":21165,"journal":{"name":"Reviews on Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10840381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}