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Association between exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and levels of lipid profile based on human studies. 基于人体研究的接触全氟和多氟烷基物质与血脂水平之间的关系。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0146
Xinru Song, Tingtao Ye, Dongmei Jing, Kai Wei, Yue Ge, Xinyue Bei, Yuqian Qi, Huanqiang Wang, Jun Li, Yan Zhang

Epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is associated with lipid profile levels, but with inconsistent conclusions from different studies. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of the relationship between PFAS exposure and lipid profile levels based on population-based epidemiological studies. Embase, PubMed, Ovid database, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science database were used to search appropriate studies (before September 6, 2022) on the correlation between PFAS exposure and lipid profile levels. β value, odd ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from studies. In this study, we found that higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were associated with exposure to perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) (β value=0.13, 95 % CIs: 0.02, 0.24) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) (β value=0.13, 95 % CIs: 0.04, 0.21). PFOA, PFOS and PFNA exposure were significantly related to the higher levels of total cholesterol (TC) with the pooled effect estimates of 0.08 (95 % CI: 0.02, 0.14), 0.13 (95 % CI: 0.05, 0.21) and 0.14 (95 % CI: 0.08, 0.20) respectively. In sum, our results identified that PFOA, PFOS, PFNA and PFUnDA were the most important risk factors for abnormal levels of lipid profile, indicating that we should prevent cerebrovascular disease by reducing and controlling PFAS exposure.

流行病学证据表明,接触全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)与血脂水平有关,但不同研究得出的结论并不一致。本研究的目的是根据基于人群的流行病学研究,对PFAS暴露与血脂谱水平之间的关系进行荟萃分析。本研究使用 Embase、PubMed、Ovid 数据库、The Cochrane Library 和 Web of Science 数据库检索有关 PFAS 暴露与血脂谱水平之间相关性的适当研究(2022 年 9 月 6 日之前)。从研究中提取了β值、奇数比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)。本研究发现,较高的低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平与暴露于全氟十一酸(PFUnDA)(β值=0.13,95 % CIs:0.02,0.24)和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)(β值=0.13,95 % CIs:0.04,0.21)有关。全氟辛烷磺酸、全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟萘胺的暴露与总胆固醇(TC)水平的升高有显著关系,汇总效应估计值分别为 0.08(95 % CI:0.02,0.14)、0.13(95 % CI:0.05,0.21)和 0.14(95 % CI:0.08,0.20)。总之,我们的研究结果表明,PFOA、PFOS、PFNA 和 PFUnDA 是导致血脂异常的最重要风险因素,这表明我们应该通过减少和控制 PFAS 暴露来预防脑血管疾病。
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引用次数: 0
The association between indoor air pollution from solid fuels and cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 固体燃料造成的室内空气污染与认知障碍之间的关系:系统回顾与荟萃分析。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0158
Hongye Peng, Miyuan Wang, Yichong Wang, Zuohu Niu, Feiya Suo, Jixiang Liu, Tianhui Zhou, Shukun Yao

This study aimed to comprehensively and methodically evaluate the correlation between cognitive impairment and indoor air pollution from solid fuel used for cooking/heating. PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to December January 2023. 13 studies from three countries with a total of 277,001 participants were enrolled. A negative correlation was discovered between solid fuel usage for cooking and total cognitive score (β=-0.73, 95 % CI: -0.90 to -0.55) and episodic memory score (β=-0.23, 95 % CI: -0.30 to -0.17). Household solid fuel usage for cooking was considerably associated with a raised risk of cognitive impairment (HR=1.31, 95 % CI: 1.09-1.57) and cognitive decline (HR=1.24, 95 % CI: 1.18-1.30). Compared to continuous solid fuel use for cooking, sustained use of clean fuel and switching from solid fuel to clean fuel were associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline (OR=0.55, 95 % CI: 0.42-0.73; OR=0.81, 95 % CI: 0.71-0.93). A negative association was found between solid fuel usage for heating and total cognitive score (β=-0.43, 95 % CI: -0.59 to -0.26) and episodic memory score (β=-0.22, 95 % CI: -0.34 to -0.10). Our research provided evidence that exposure to indoor air pollution from solid fuel is a potential cause of cognitive impairment and cognitive decline. Making the switch from solid fuels to cleaner fuels could be an important step in preventing cognitive impairment in the elderly.

本研究旨在全面、有条理地评估认知障碍与用于烹饪/取暖的固体燃料造成的室内空气污染之间的相关性。研究人员检索了截至 2023 年 12 月的 PubMed、Web of Science、EMBASE 和 Cochrane Library 数据库。来自三个国家的 13 项研究共 277 001 人参与了研究。研究发现,使用固体燃料做饭与认知总分(β=-0.73,95 % CI:-0.90 至-0.55)和外显记忆得分(β=-0.23,95 % CI:-0.30 至-0.17)之间存在负相关。家庭使用固体燃料做饭与认知障碍(HR=1.31,95 % CI:1.09-1.57)和认知能力下降(HR=1.24,95 % CI:1.18-1.30)的风险增加有很大关系。与持续使用固体燃料做饭相比,持续使用清洁燃料和从固体燃料转用清洁燃料与较低的认知能力下降风险相关(OR=0.55,95 % CI:0.42-0.73;OR=0.81,95 % CI:0.71-0.93)。研究发现,使用固体燃料取暖与认知总分(β=-0.43,95 % CI:-0.59 至-0.26)和外显记忆得分(β=-0.22,95 % CI:-0.34 至-0.10)之间存在负相关。我们的研究提供了证据,表明接触固体燃料造成的室内空气污染是导致认知障碍和认知能力下降的潜在原因。从固体燃料转向清洁燃料可能是预防老年人认知障碍的重要一步。
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引用次数: 0
Concentration of Tetrabromobisphenol-A in fish: systematic review and meta-analysis and probabilistic health risk assessment. 鱼类体内的四溴双酚-A 浓度:系统回顾、荟萃分析和概率健康风险评估。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0157
Trias Mahmudiono, Yadolah Fakhri, Vahid Ranaei, Zahra Pilevar, Intissar Limam, Fatemeh Sahlabadi, Negin Rezaeiarshad, Marzieh Torabbeigi, Samaneh Jalali

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBP-A) is an emerging pollutant that enters water resources and affects various marine organisms, such as fish. Consequently, numerous studies globally investigated TBBP-A concentrations in fish fillets of the current study were meta-analyze concentration of TBBP-A in fish fillets and estimate the associated health risks for consumers. The search encompassed international databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science from January 1, 2005, to July 20, 2023. The ranking of countries based on the pooled (Mean) concentration of TBBP-A in fish was as follows: China (1.157 µg/kg-ww) > Czech Republic (1.027 µg/kg-ww) > France (0.500 µg/kg-ww) ∼ Switzerland (0.500 µg/kg-ww) > Netherlands (0.405 µg/kg-ww) > Germany (0.33 µg/kg-ww) > Sweden (0.165 µg/kg-ww)>UK (0.078 µg/kg-ww) > Belgium (0.065 µg/kg-ww) > South Korea (0.013 µg/kg-ww) ∼ Japan (0.013 µg/kg-ww) > Ireland (0.005 µg/kg-ww). The risk assessment showed that the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of TBBP-A in China and France are higher compared to other countries; however, within all countries, these risks were found to be within acceptable limits.

四溴双酚 A(TBBP-A)是一种新出现的污染物,会进入水资源并影响各种海洋生物,如鱼类。因此,全球有大量研究调查了鱼片中的 TBBP-A 浓度,本研究旨在对鱼片中的 TBBP-A 浓度进行元分析,并估计其对消费者的相关健康风险。搜索范围涵盖 2005 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 7 月 20 日的国际数据库,包括 Science Direct、PubMed、Scopus、Embase 和 Web of Science。根据鱼类中 TBBP-A 的总体(平均)浓度,各国排名如下:中国(1.157 微克/千克-湿重) > 捷克共和国(1.027 微克/千克-湿重) > 法国(0.500 微克/千克-湿重) ∼ 瑞士(0.500 微克/千克-湿重) > 荷兰(0.405 微克/千克-湿重) > 德国(0.瑞典(0.165 微克/千克湿重)> 英国(0.078 微克/千克湿重)> 比利时(0.065 微克/千克湿重)> 韩国(0.013 微克/千克湿重)∼ 日本(0.013 微克/千克湿重)> 爱尔兰(0.005 微克/千克湿重)。风险评估显示,与其他国家相比,中国和法国的 TBBP-A 致癌和非致癌风险较高;但在所有国家,这些风险都在可接受范围内。
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引用次数: 0
Beyond the outdoors: indoor air quality guidelines and standards - challenges, inequalities, and the path forward. 超越室外:室内空气质量指南和标准--挑战、不平等和前进之路。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0150
Azhar Siddique, Maryam Y M Al-Shamlan, Hamad E Al-Romaihi, Haider A Khwaja

In the last few decades, indoor air quality (IAQ) has become a major threat to public health. It is the fifth leading cause of premature death globally. It has been estimated that people spend ∼90 % of their time in an indoor environment. Consequently, IAQ has significant health effects. Although IAQ-related standards and guidelines, policies, and monitoring plans have been developed in a few countries, there remain several global inequalities and challenges. This review paper aims to comprehensively synthesize the current status of widely accepted IAQ guidelines and standards. It analyzes their global implementation and effectiveness to offer insights into challenges and disparities in IAQ policies and practices. However, the complexity of domestic environments and the diversity of international standards impede effective implementation. This manuscript evaluates international, national, and regional IAQ guidelines, emphasizing similarities and differences. In addition, it highlights knowledge gaps and challenges, urging the international scientific community, policymakers, and stakeholders to collaborate to advance IAQ standards and guidelines. The analysis evaluates the efficacy of guidelines, identifies deficiencies, and offers recommendations for the future of domestic air quality standards.

在过去几十年里,室内空气质量(IAQ)已成为公众健康的一大威胁。它是全球第五大过早死亡原因。据估计,人们有 90% 的时间是在室内环境中度过的。因此,室内空气质量对健康有重大影响。虽然一些国家已经制定了室内空气质量相关标准和指南、政策和监测计划,但全球仍存在一些不平等现象和挑战。本综述文件旨在全面综合目前广为接受的室内空气质量指南和标准。它分析了这些准则和标准在全球范围内的实施情况和效果,以便深入了解室内空气质量政策和实践中存在的挑战和差异。然而,国内环境的复杂性和国际标准的多样性阻碍了有效实施。本手稿对国际、国家和地区室内空气质量指南进行了评估,强调了相同点和不同点。此外,它还强调了知识差距和挑战,敦促国际科学界、政策制定者和利益相关者合作推进室内空气质量标准和指南。分析评估了准则的有效性,指出了不足之处,并为未来的国内空气质量标准提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Cadmium exposure and thyroid hormone disruption: a systematic review and meta-analysis 镉暴露与甲状腺激素紊乱:系统回顾与荟萃分析
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0122
Seung Min Chung, Min Cheol Chang
Abstract Introduction This meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effect of cadmium (Cd) exposure on thyroid hormone disruption. Content Databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched for studies published up to December 14, 2022. Studies evaluating the association between Cd exposure (blood Cd [BCd] or urine Cd [UCd]) and thyroid function (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], free thyroxine [FT4], total triiodothyronine [TT3]) or thyroid autoimmunity (thyroglobulin antibody [TgAb] or thyroperoxidase Ab [TPOAb]) were included. Summary and Outlook This systematic review included 12 cross-sectional studies. Cd exposure showed a neutral association with TSH (pooled correlation=0.016, 95 % confidence interval [CI]=−0.013 to 0.045, p=0.277), FT4 (pooled correlation=0.028, 95 % CI=−0.005 to 0.061, p=0.098), and thyroid autoimmunity (pooled odds ratio=1.143, 95 % CI=0.820–1.591, p=0.430). However, Cd exposure showed a positive association with TT3 (pooled correlation=0.065, 95 % CI=0.050–0.080, p<0.001), which was consistent with the BCd and UCd subgroup analyses (pooled correlation=0.053 and 0.081, respectively, both p<0.001). Cd exposure was not associated with TSH, FT4, or thyroid autoimmunity but tended to increase with TT3.
摘要 引言 本荟萃分析旨在分析镉(Cd)暴露对甲状腺激素紊乱的影响。内容 在PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library和Scopus等数据库中检索了截至2022年12月14日发表的研究。纳入了评估镉暴露(血镉[BCd]或尿镉[UCd])与甲状腺功能(促甲状腺激素[TSH]、游离甲状腺素[FT4]、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸[TT3])或甲状腺自身免疫(甲状腺球蛋白抗体[TgAb]或甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体[TPOAb])之间关系的研究。总结与展望 本系统综述纳入了 12 项横断面研究。镉暴露与促甲状腺激素(总相关性=0.016,95% 置信区间[CI]=-0.013 至 0.045,p=0.277)、FT4(总相关性=0.028,95% 置信区间=-0.005 至 0.061,p=0.098)和甲状腺自身免疫(总几率比=1.143,95% 置信区间=0.820 至 1.591,p=0.430)呈中性相关。然而,镉暴露与TT3呈正相关(集合相关性=0.065,95% CI=0.050-0.080,p<0.001),这与BCd和UCd亚组分析一致(集合相关性分别为0.053和0.081,均p<0.001)。镉暴露与促甲状腺激素、FT4或甲状腺自身免疫无关,但往往与TT3有关。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Indian nonsmokers: a systematic review & meta-analysis. 印度非吸烟者慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病率:一项系统综述和荟萃分析
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0135
Tejas M Suri, Tamoghna Ghosh, Saurabh Mittal, Vijay Hadda, Karan Madan, Anant Mohan

Introduction: Nonsmokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are neglected despite constituting half of all cases in studies from the developed world. Herein, we systematically reviewed the prevalence of COPD among nonsmokers in India.

Content: We searched Embase, Scopus, and PubMed databases for studies examining the prevalence of COPD among nonsmokers in India. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist to assess included studies' quality. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects model.

Summary: Seven studies comprising 6,903 subjects were included. The quality of the studies ranged from 5/9 to 8/9. The prevalence of COPD varied between 1.6 and 26.6 %. Studies differed considerably in demographics and biomass exposure profiles of subjects. Among the four studies that enrolled both middle-aged and elderly Indian nonsmokers not screened based on biomass fuel exposure, the pooled prevalence of COPD was 3 % (95 % CI, 2-3 %; I2=50.52 %, p=0.11). The pooled prevalence of COPD among biomass fuel-exposed individuals was 10 % (95 % CI, 2-18 %; I2=98.8 %, p<0.001).

Outlook: Limited evidence suggests a sizable burden of COPD among nonsmokers and biomass fuel-exposed individuals in India. More epidemiological studies of COPD in nonsmokers are needed from low and middle-income countries.

非吸烟者慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)被忽视,尽管在发达国家的研究中占所有病例的一半。在此,我们系统地回顾了印度非吸烟者中COPD的患病率。内容:我们检索了Embase、Scopus和PubMed数据库,查找印度非吸烟者COPD患病率的研究。我们使用乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)的检查表来评估纳入研究的质量。采用随机效应模型进行meta分析。摘要:纳入了7项研究,6903名受试者。研究质量从5/9到8/9不等。COPD患病率在1.6 - 26.6% %之间变化。研究在受试者的人口统计学和生物量暴露概况方面差异很大。在四项研究中,纳入了未基于生物质燃料暴露进行筛查的中老年印度非吸烟者,COPD的总患病率为3 %(95% % CI, 2-3 %; % I2 = 50.52, p = 0.11)。生物质燃料暴露个体中COPD的总患病率为10 %(95 % CI, 2-18 %;I2=98.8 %,p展望:有限的证据表明,在印度,非吸烟者和接触生物质燃料的个体存在相当大的慢性阻塞性肺病负担。低收入和中等收入国家需要对非吸烟者进行更多的COPD流行病学研究。
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引用次数: 0
Biological effects of electromagnetic fields on insects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 电磁场对昆虫的生物效应:系统综述和荟萃分析。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0072
Alain Thill, Marie-Claire Cammaerts, Alfonso Balmori

Worldwide, insects are declining at an alarming rate. Among other causes, the use of pesticides and modern agricultural practices play a major role in this. Cumulative effects of multiple low-dose toxins and the distribution of toxicants in nature have only started to be investigated in a methodical way. Existing research indicates another factor of anthropogenic origin that could have subtle harmful effects: the increasingly frequent use of electromagnetic fields (EMF) from man-made technologies. This systematic review summarizes the results of studies investigating the toxicity of electromagnetic fields in insects. The main objective of this review is to weigh the evidence regarding detrimental effects on insects from the increasing technological infrastructure, with a particular focus on power lines and the cellular network. The next generation of mobile communication technologies, 5G, is being deployed - without having been tested in respect of potential toxic effects. With humanity's quest for pervasiveness of technology, even modest effects of electromagnetic fields on organisms could eventually reach a saturation level that can no longer be ignored. An overview of reported effects and biological mechanisms of exposure to electromagnetic fields, which addresses new findings in cell biology, is included. Biological effects of non-thermal EMF on insects are clearly proven in the laboratory, but only partly in the field, thus the wider ecological implications are still unknown. There is a need for more field studies, but extrapolating from the laboratory, as is common practice in ecotoxicology, already warrants increasing the threat level of environmental EMF impact on insects.

在世界范围内,昆虫正在以惊人的速度减少。除其他原因外,农药的使用和现代农业做法在这方面发挥了主要作用。多种低剂量毒素的累积效应和毒素在自然界中的分布才刚刚开始有系统地进行研究。现有的研究表明,另一个可能产生微妙有害影响的人为起源因素是:越来越频繁地使用人造技术产生的电磁场。本文系统综述了电磁场对昆虫毒性的研究结果。本综述的主要目的是权衡日益增加的技术基础设施对昆虫有害影响的证据,特别关注电力线和蜂窝网络。下一代移动通信技术5G正在部署中——没有经过潜在毒性影响的测试。随着人类对技术普及的追求,即使电磁场对生物体的影响很小,最终也会达到不可忽视的饱和水平。概述了电磁场暴露的影响和生物学机制,其中涉及细胞生物学的新发现。非热电动势对昆虫的生物效应已在实验室得到明确证实,但在实地只得到部分证实,因此更广泛的生态影响仍是未知的。有必要进行更多的实地研究,但从实验室推断,作为生态毒理学的常见做法,已经证明环境电磁场对昆虫的影响的威胁程度有所增加。
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引用次数: 1
Underground power lines as a confounding factor in observational studies concerning magnetic fields and childhood leukemia. 在磁场和儿童白血病的观察性研究中,地下电力线是一个混淆因素。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0131
Jose A Martínez, Manuel Pancorbo
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and concentration of aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in cheese: a global systematic review and meta-analysis and probabilistic risk assessment. 奶酪中黄曲霉毒素M1和赭曲霉毒素A的患病率和浓度:全球系统综述、荟萃分析和概率风险评估。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0069
Trias Mahmudiono, Yeganeh Mazaheri, Parisa Sadighara, Zeynab Akbarlou, Somayeh Hoseinvandtabar, Yadolah Fakhri

Exposure to mycotoxins such as aflatoxins can endanger human health, especially infants and children. In this study, an attempt was made to retrieved studies related to the concentration of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and ochratoxin A (OTA). Search was performed in international databases such as Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for the period 1 January 2010 to 20 February 2023. Then, the pooled concentration in the defined subgroups was calculated using meta-analysis and the health risk assessment was conducted by margin of exposure (MOEs). Thirty-one scientific papers with 34 data reports (Sample size=2,277) were included in our study. The lowest and highest prevalence of AFM1 in cheese was related to El Salvador (12.18 %) and Serbia (100.00 %). The pooled prevalence of AFM1 was 49.85 %, 95 %CI (37.93-61.78 %). The lowest and highest prevalence of OTA in cheese was related to Türkiye (6.67 %) and Italy (44.21 %). The pooled prevalence of OTA was 35.64 %, 95 %CI (17.16-56.44 %). Health risk of AFM1 revealed that except Pakistan and Iran, MOE in the other countries was lower than 10,000 for adults and also except Pakistan, MOE for other countries was lower than 10,000 for children. Health risk of OTA revealed that except Greece, MOE in the other countries was higher than 10,000 for adults and also except Germany and Greece, MOE for other countries was higher than 10,000 for children. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct control plans to reduce the concentration of mycotoxins in cheese, especially AFM1.

接触黄曲霉毒素等真菌毒素会危害人类健康,尤其是婴儿和儿童。在本研究中,试图检索与黄曲霉毒素M1(AFM1)和赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)浓度相关的研究。2010年1月1日至2023年2月20日期间,在Embase、PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science等国际数据库中进行了搜索。然后,使用荟萃分析计算定义的亚组中的合并浓度,并通过暴露限(MOEs)进行健康风险评估。我们的研究包括31篇科学论文和34份数据报告(样本量=2277)。奶酪中AFM1的最低和最高流行率与萨尔瓦多有关(12.18 %) 和塞尔维亚(100.00 %). AFM1的合并患病率为49.85 %, 95 %CI(37.93-61.78 %). 奶酪中OTA的最低和最高流行率与土耳其有关(6.67 %) 意大利(44.21 %). OTA的合并患病率为35.64 %, 95 %CI(17.16-56.44 %). AFM1的健康风险显示,除巴基斯坦和伊朗外,其他国家的成人教育部低于10000,除巴基斯坦外,其他各国的儿童教育部也低于10000。OTA的健康风险显示,除希腊外,其他国家成人的MOE高于10000,除德国和希腊外,儿童的MOE也高于10000。因此,建议制定控制计划,以降低奶酪中真菌毒素的浓度,尤其是AFM1。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biomarkers on cardiovascular diseases. 多环芳烃生物标志物对心血管疾病的影响。
IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0070
Nie Qigang, Arghavan Afra, Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Mohammad Javad Mohammadi, M Abdulfadhil Gatea, Efriza, Parisa Asban, Seyede Kosar Mousavi, Parnia Kanani, Fatemeh Mombeni Kazemi, Maryam Hormati, Fatemeh Kiani

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) are part of particulate matter (PM), which is produced from incomplete combustion of organic matter. Biomarkers mean biological indicators, molecules that indicate a normal or abnormal process in the body and may be a sign of a condition or disease. Studies show that PAHs increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases through processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation and atherosclerosis. The present study focused on the evaluation of health effects PAHs biomarkers on cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this narrative study, data were collected from databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of science and Google Scholar in the period 1975-2023. After screening, duplicate and irrelevant articles were removed. Finally, 68 articles related to the effect of PAHs on CVD were included in the study. In addition to the articles found through the search in databases, another 18 articles from the references of the selected articles were included. According to the finding in during the biotransformation of PAH, a number of metabolites are made, such as phenols, diols, quinones, and epoxides. Phenolic isomers have the highest percentage and biomarkers used for their detection include 2-OHNAP used to trace naphthalene from heating processed food, 3-OHPHEN used to trace phenanthrene from diesel, 2-OHFLU used to trace fluorene and 1-OHPYR used to trace pyrene from cigarette and hookah smoke. According to the result, increasing blood pressure and heart rate and causing atherosclerosis are the main complications due to exposure to PAH metabolite on cardiovascular system. The most important agents that causes this affects including increased homocysteine, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), serum biomarkers of C-reactive protein, and triglycerides. Result this study showed that cardiovascular diseases risk is increased by exposure to PAH biomarkers from smoking, car emissions, occupational exposure, and incinerators. Therefore, strict controls should be implemented for sources of PAH production and exposure.

多环芳烃(PAHs)是颗粒物(PM)的一部分,颗粒物是由有机物的不完全燃烧产生的。生物标志物是指生物指标,即指示身体正常或异常过程的分子,可能是疾病或疾病的迹象。研究表明,多环芳烃通过氧化应激、炎症和动脉粥样硬化等过程增加了患心血管疾病的风险。本研究的重点是评估多环芳烃生物标志物对心血管疾病(CVD)的健康影响。在这项叙述性研究中,数据是从Scopus、PubMed、Web of science和Google Scholar等数据库中收集的,时间为1975-2023年。筛选后,删除重复和不相关的文章。最后,本研究纳入了68篇关于多环芳烃对心血管疾病影响的文章。除了在数据库中搜索到的文章外,还包括所选文章参考文献中的另外18篇文章。根据中的发现,在PAH的生物转化过程中,会产生许多代谢产物,如苯酚、二醇、醌和环氧化物。酚类异构体的百分比最高,用于检测的生物标志物包括用于追踪加热加工食品中萘的2-OHNAP、用于追踪柴油中菲的3-OHPHEN、用于追踪芴的2-OHFLU和用于追踪香烟和水烟烟雾中芘的1-OHPYR。研究结果表明,暴露于PAH代谢产物对心血管系统的影响是导致血压和心率升高并导致动脉粥样硬化的主要并发症。引起这种影响的最重要因素包括同型半胱氨酸、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白、血清C反应蛋白生物标志物和甘油三酯的增加。研究结果表明,暴露于吸烟、汽车排放、职业暴露和焚烧炉等多环芳烃生物标志物会增加心血管疾病的风险。因此,应严格控制多环芳烃的产生和暴露来源。
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Reviews on Environmental Health
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