Bruno Vinícius Castro Guimarães, Abner José de Carvalho, I. Aspiazú, Liliane Santana da Silva, Rafael Pereira da Silva, Amanda Maria Leal Pimenta, Marielly Maria Almeida Moura
The objective was to evaluate the minimum size of experimental plots for the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using the modified maximum curvature method. The experiment consisted of a uniformity trial with the cultivar BRSFC-402 sown at a spacing of 0.5 m between plant rows and 10 plants per meter within the row. 20 central rows measuring 20 m in length were considered for measurements, totaling 4,000 plants on an area of 200 m2. Final bean stand (FS), mean number of pods per plant (NPP), mean number of grain per pod (NGP), mean 100-grain weight (M100), and grain yield (kg ha-1) were evaluated. At evaluations, each row with 10 plants was considered a basic unit (0.5 m2), amounting to 400 basic units whose dimensions were combined into 14 plot shapes. The methods of relative information and modified maximum curvature were used to obtain the best shape and the most appropriate plot size, respectively, for experimental evaluation with common bean. Using these methods, and considering that the optimum plot should enable an efficient evaluation of all evaluated characteristics, the appropriate plot size was five UB (25 plants) in the format with five rows x one UB per row. Highlights Support for experimental evaluation of common beans under edaphoclimatic conditions in the northern region of Minas Gerais Experimental plots with five basic units ensure maximum precision for joint evaluation of the main phenotypic descriptors of common beans. The characteristics mass of 100 grains and productivity were associated with the smallest and the largest plot sizes, respectively.
{"title":"Optimal plot size for experimentation of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the northern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil","authors":"Bruno Vinícius Castro Guimarães, Abner José de Carvalho, I. Aspiazú, Liliane Santana da Silva, Rafael Pereira da Silva, Amanda Maria Leal Pimenta, Marielly Maria Almeida Moura","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The objective was to evaluate the minimum size of experimental plots for the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using the modified maximum curvature method. The experiment consisted of a uniformity trial with the cultivar BRSFC-402 sown at a spacing of 0.5 m between plant rows and 10 plants per meter within the row. 20 central rows measuring 20 m in length were considered for measurements, totaling 4,000 plants on an area of 200 m2. Final bean stand (FS), mean number of pods per plant (NPP), mean number of grain per pod (NGP), mean 100-grain weight (M100), and grain yield (kg ha-1) were evaluated. At evaluations, each row with 10 plants was considered a basic unit (0.5 m2), amounting to 400 basic units whose dimensions were combined into 14 plot shapes. The methods of relative information and modified maximum curvature were used to obtain the best shape and the most appropriate plot size, respectively, for experimental evaluation with common bean. Using these methods, and considering that the optimum plot should enable an efficient evaluation of all evaluated characteristics, the appropriate plot size was five UB (25 plants) in the format with five rows x one UB per row.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000Support for experimental evaluation of common beans under edaphoclimatic conditions in the northern region of Minas Gerais\u0000Experimental plots with five basic units ensure maximum precision for joint evaluation of the main phenotypic descriptors of common beans.\u0000The characteristics mass of 100 grains and productivity were associated with the smallest and the largest plot sizes, respectively.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82808857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum is considered a drought and saline stress-tolerant plant with many biological activities that has been revalued as cool flavouring plant. The objective of this work was to assess optimum mode of cultivation of M. crystallinum to produce edible parts under greenhouse conditions. Therefore, three soilless media were evaluated: peat, vermiculite and hydroponic culture. Pot culture in peat did not result to be a good substrate for iceplant, with little biomass production. However, vermiculite and hydroponics allowed optimum growth of M. crystallinum, with a significantly greater yield in plants grown in vermiculite irrigated with nutrient solution. In fact, plants cultivated in vermiculite enhanced leaf area and leaf fresh weight, together with high foliar concentrations of N, Mg, Mn, Fe, Na, clorophylls and carotenoids. Furthermore, increased succulence and Na concentration of edible parts of glacier lettuce grown in vermiculite can offer more interesting taste, consistence and nutrient content for consumers. Higlights Hydroponic and vermiculite cultures led to optimum crystallinum growth. Peat pot culture did not seem to be an adequate substrate to cultivate crystallinum. Ice plants grown in vermiculite presented highest leaf fresh yield and high foliar N, Mg, Mn, Fe, Na, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations.
{"title":"Implementation of iceplant production under semi-controlled conditions","authors":"M. Rodríguez-Hernández, Idoia Garmendia López","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.038","url":null,"abstract":"Mesembryanthemum crystallinum is considered a drought and saline stress-tolerant plant with many biological activities that has been revalued as cool flavouring plant. The objective of this work was to assess optimum mode of cultivation of M. crystallinum to produce edible parts under greenhouse conditions. Therefore, three soilless media were evaluated: peat, vermiculite and hydroponic culture. Pot culture in peat did not result to be a good substrate for iceplant, with little biomass production. However, vermiculite and hydroponics allowed optimum growth of M. crystallinum, with a significantly greater yield in plants grown in vermiculite irrigated with nutrient solution. In fact, plants cultivated in vermiculite enhanced leaf area and leaf fresh weight, together with high foliar concentrations of N, Mg, Mn, Fe, Na, clorophylls and carotenoids. Furthermore, increased succulence and Na concentration of edible parts of glacier lettuce grown in vermiculite can offer more interesting taste, consistence and nutrient content for consumers.\u0000Higlights\u0000\u0000Hydroponic and vermiculite cultures led to optimum crystallinum growth.\u0000Peat pot culture did not seem to be an adequate substrate to cultivate crystallinum.\u0000Ice plants grown in vermiculite presented highest leaf fresh yield and high foliar N, Mg, Mn, Fe, Na, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81272353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas Nobre de Araújo, Tatiana Barbosa Rosado, E. V. Rodrigues, A. dos Santos, Bruno Galvêas Laviola
Canola is a potential feedstock for the production of biodiesel due to its high levels of energy efficiency. However, Brazil has not yet consolidated its production as typical of temperate regions. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of canola hybrids in the tropical conditions of the Brazilian Cerrado in order to select promising candidates to contribute to the expansion of canola culture in the country. Eight commercial canola hybrids were evaluated for seven agronomic traits, in three experiments with varying water conditions. The data obtained for each variable were subjected to joint analysis of variance and the averages compared using the Scott-Knott test. The grain yield of the evaluated hybrids was higher than the national average, which includes plantations only in the southern region. The hybrids that stood out in grain yield were Hyola 61 and Hyola 76 followed by Diamond, which besides presenting a high magnitude for this characteristic, was less precocious even in dry conditions. Due to its characteristics, the Diamond hybrid can be considered the best option to be inserted in the crop rotation system. These results are promising and reveal adaptation and cultivation potential of these hybrids in the Brazilian Cerrado. Highlights The yield of canola grains in the experiments was promising as the values achieved were above the national average. Hyola 61, Hyola 76 and Diamond showed prominent grain yield in relation to the other hybrids investigated. Diamond presented high grain yield and shorter cycle, thus being considered the best option for the crop rotation system. For the Brazilian Cerrado, the hybrids Hyola 61, Hyola 76 and Diamond are valuable alternatives for planting.
{"title":"Tropicalization of canola: commercial hybrids show potential for cultivation in the Brazilian Cerrado","authors":"Lucas Nobre de Araújo, Tatiana Barbosa Rosado, E. V. Rodrigues, A. dos Santos, Bruno Galvêas Laviola","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.035","url":null,"abstract":"Canola is a potential feedstock for the production of biodiesel due to its high levels of energy efficiency. However, Brazil has not yet consolidated its production as typical of temperate regions. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of canola hybrids in the tropical conditions of the Brazilian Cerrado in order to select promising candidates to contribute to the expansion of canola culture in the country. Eight commercial canola hybrids were evaluated for seven agronomic traits, in three experiments with varying water conditions. The data obtained for each variable were subjected to joint analysis of variance and the averages compared using the Scott-Knott test. The grain yield of the evaluated hybrids was higher than the national average, which includes plantations only in the southern region. The hybrids that stood out in grain yield were Hyola 61 and Hyola 76 followed by Diamond, which besides presenting a high magnitude for this characteristic, was less precocious even in dry conditions. Due to its characteristics, the Diamond hybrid can be considered the best option to be inserted in the crop rotation system. These results are promising and reveal adaptation and cultivation potential of these hybrids in the Brazilian Cerrado.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000The yield of canola grains in the experiments was promising as the values achieved were above the national average.\u0000Hyola 61, Hyola 76 and Diamond showed prominent grain yield in relation to the other hybrids investigated.\u0000Diamond presented high grain yield and shorter cycle, thus being considered the best option for the crop rotation system.\u0000For the Brazilian Cerrado, the hybrids Hyola 61, Hyola 76 and Diamond are valuable alternatives for planting.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87979266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to analyze how fuel prices impact spatial price transmission between two Chilean horticultural wholesale markets. We implement a regime-dependent VECM where price transmission parameters depend on dynamics imposed by a stationary exogenous variable (fuel price). We identified two price transmission regimes characterized by different equilibrium relationships and short-run adjustment processes. This implies that fuel prices affect price transmission elasticities and intermarket adjustment speeds. Our results show increasing marketing costs as farm to market distance grows. This impact depends on each product’s attributes. Highlights This article analyzes the effect of fuel prices on the price transmission mechanism between the most relevant Chilean horticultural wholesale markets. A regime-dependent Vector Error Correction Model where price transmission parameters depend on fuel price was implemented. Clear evidence of the role played by fuel prices for in horizontal price transmission between the wholesale markets considered in this study was found. This situation supports the idea that regardless of quantities traded in regional markets, the major effect of price adjustment is a result of the high demand, distances and market concentration of a central market. This impact depends on each product’s attributes.
{"title":"The role of fuel prices in spatial price transmission between horticultural markets: empirical analysis from a developing country","authors":"Rodrigo Andres Valdes Salazar","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.052","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze how fuel prices impact spatial price transmission between two Chilean horticultural wholesale markets. We implement a regime-dependent VECM where price transmission parameters depend on dynamics imposed by a stationary exogenous variable (fuel price). We identified two price transmission regimes characterized by different equilibrium relationships and short-run adjustment processes. This implies that fuel prices affect price transmission elasticities and intermarket adjustment speeds. Our results show increasing marketing costs as farm to market distance grows. This impact depends on each product’s attributes.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000This article analyzes the effect of fuel prices on the price transmission mechanism between the most relevant Chilean horticultural wholesale markets.\u0000\u0000\u0000A regime-dependent Vector Error Correction Model where price transmission parameters depend on fuel price was implemented.\u0000\u0000\u0000Clear evidence of the role played by fuel prices for in horizontal price transmission between the wholesale markets considered in this study was found.\u0000This situation supports the idea that regardless of quantities traded in regional markets, the major effect of price adjustment is a result of the high demand, distances and market concentration of a central market. This impact depends on each product’s attributes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"79 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77659906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tancredo José Carlos, A. B. Cecílio Filho, Danilo dos Reis Cardoso Passos, Isaias Dos Santos Reis
Vegetable intercropping has advantages over single cultivation in terms of less environmental impact. However, to convince farmers to adopt this production system, it is necessary to prove greater efficiency in the production of more food per unit area and therefore an increase in productivity. An experiment was carried out aiming to evaluate the effect of the chicory transplant time in intercrops with collard greens on crop yields and land use efficiency index (LUE). The experimental design was a randomized block, with nine treatments in a 2 × 4 + 1 factorial scheme, and four replications. Crop systems (intercrop and monoculture) and chicory transplant time (0, 14, 28 and 42 days after transplant (DAT) of collard greens) were evaluated. The collard greens yield increased as the chicory transplant time was delayed. The total and per harvest yields of chicory were not influenced by its transplant time. Regardless of chicory transplant time, collard greens and chicory intercropping provided greater LUE than their monocultures and reached the maximum value (52% higher) when the chicory was transplanted 42 days after collard greens. Highlights: The collard green yield increased by 11 kg ha-1 for each day of delay in the chicory transplant (0 to 42 days). The total and per harvest chicory yields were not influenced by its transplant time in relation to collard green transplant. The collard green and chicory intercropping provided 52% higher land use efficiency than their monocultures when the chicory was transplanted 42 days after collard green.
{"title":"Collard greens and chicory intercropping efficiency as a function of chicory (Cichorium intybus) transplant time","authors":"Tancredo José Carlos, A. B. Cecílio Filho, Danilo dos Reis Cardoso Passos, Isaias Dos Santos Reis","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.043","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable intercropping has advantages over single cultivation in terms of less environmental impact. However, to convince farmers to adopt this production system, it is necessary to prove greater efficiency in the production of more food per unit area and therefore an increase in productivity. An experiment was carried out aiming to evaluate the effect of the chicory transplant time in intercrops with collard greens on crop yields and land use efficiency index (LUE). The experimental design was a randomized block, with nine treatments in a 2 × 4 + 1 factorial scheme, and four replications. Crop systems (intercrop and monoculture) and chicory transplant time (0, 14, 28 and 42 days after transplant (DAT) of collard greens) were evaluated. The collard greens yield increased as the chicory transplant time was delayed. The total and per harvest yields of chicory were not influenced by its transplant time. Regardless of chicory transplant time, collard greens and chicory intercropping provided greater LUE than their monocultures and reached the maximum value (52% higher) when the chicory was transplanted 42 days after collard greens.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000The collard green yield increased by 11 kg ha-1 for each day of delay in the chicory transplant (0 to 42 days).\u0000\u0000\u0000The total and per harvest chicory yields were not influenced by its transplant time in relation to collard green transplant.\u0000The collard green and chicory intercropping provided 52% higher land use efficiency than their monocultures when the chicory was transplanted 42 days after collard green.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77869209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Gonzalez, E. Angón, Martin González, Jorge Rodriguez, C. Barba, Antón García
This study evaluated the influence of rearing system (cultured vs. wild rearing systems), and fish sex on carcass and flesh traits of A. rivulatus, raised in Ecuador. Three hundred mature specimens from A. rivulatus were captured, 150 from each origin. Slaughter yield and dress-out resulted similar for both rearing system, and average fillet yield for cultured fish was significantly higher than for wild fish, while cooking loss was significantly lower. Dress-out was significantly higher in females. Significant differences were found in wet percentage, ash, fat and protein content in both rearing systems, but only wet percentage was significantly affected by sex. Palmitic, oleic and arachidonic acids had the maximum percentage of saturated (SFA) and mono/poly unsaturated (MUFA/ PUFA) fatty acids, respectively. In cultured and wild fish, differentiations were also found in PUFA/SFA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), atherogenicity (IA), and thrombogenicity (IT) indices, along with P, K, Mg, Cu and Fe. Sex and rearing system significantly influenced most of the analyzed characteristics of carcass and flesh of A. rivulatus. Fillet high yield and its proximate composition categorize A. rivulatus as a suitable food. These results provide valuable nutritional information about native species for consumers in Ecuador. Highlights: The rearing system (cultured vs. wild rearing systems), and fish sex affect the carcass and flesh traits of A. rivulatus. Fillet high yield and its proximate composition categorize A. rivulatus as a suitable food. The proximate composition of fillet from cultured A. rivulatus is more adequate than those of wild A. rivulatus. The cultured A. rivulatus contains higher n-3 and n-6 PUFA percentages and adequate n-3/n-6 ratio.
{"title":"Effect of rearing system and sex on the composition and fatty acid profile of Andinoacara rivulatus meat from Ecuador","authors":"Ana Gonzalez, E. Angón, Martin González, Jorge Rodriguez, C. Barba, Antón García","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.056","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the influence of rearing system (cultured vs. wild rearing systems), and fish sex on carcass and flesh traits of A. rivulatus, raised in Ecuador. Three hundred mature specimens from A. rivulatus were captured, 150 from each origin. Slaughter yield and dress-out resulted similar for both rearing system, and average fillet yield for cultured fish was significantly higher than for wild fish, while cooking loss was significantly lower. Dress-out was significantly higher in females. Significant differences were found in wet percentage, ash, fat and protein content in both rearing systems, but only wet percentage was significantly affected by sex. Palmitic, oleic and arachidonic acids had the maximum percentage of saturated (SFA) and mono/poly unsaturated (MUFA/ PUFA) fatty acids, respectively. In cultured and wild fish, differentiations were also found in PUFA/SFA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), atherogenicity (IA), and thrombogenicity (IT) indices, along with P, K, Mg, Cu and Fe. Sex and rearing system significantly influenced most of the analyzed characteristics of carcass and flesh of A. rivulatus. Fillet high yield and its proximate composition categorize A. rivulatus as a suitable food. These results provide valuable nutritional information about native species for consumers in Ecuador.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000The rearing system (cultured vs. wild rearing systems), and fish sex affect the carcass and flesh traits of A. rivulatus.\u0000Fillet high yield and its proximate composition categorize A. rivulatus as a suitable food.\u0000The proximate composition of fillet from cultured A. rivulatus is more adequate than those of wild A. rivulatus.\u0000The cultured A. rivulatus contains higher n-3 and n-6 PUFA percentages and adequate n-3/n-6 ratio.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"348 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82584058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Sánchez-Toledano, V. Cuevas-Reyes, Oscar Palmeros Rojas, M. Borja-Bravo
The objective of this research was to analyze the adoption behavior over time for the improved variety of garlic CEZAC 06, and the factors associated with the adoption process through survival analysis (SA), in North-Central Mexico. The data comes at farm level and was collected in 2019 through a questionnaire given to 40 garlic farmers in Zacatecas, Mexico. The results show that 62.5 % of the farmers who adopted CEZAC 06 carried out this process in the first two years after they were first introduced to it. The factors that played a role in the adoption process were: farmer age, how long the farmer had been in business for, number of hectares availables for garlic production, yield, number of college-educated family members, income from crop farming, income from garlic farming, agriculture-related courses taken, financial aid from the federal government, and being part of any type of organization. Improving yield and the quality of the garlic bulb requires an adequate extension system that allows farmers to receive updated and reliable information on the importance of technological innovation. Highlights The analysis also suggested that new technologies should be transmitted at higher rates to increase adoption. This can be done by implementing courses aimed at farmers with low educational backgrounds, small plots of land and low productivity levels. The factors affecting the adoption process were: farmer age, how long the farmer had been in business, yield, etc. CEZAC 06 will increase yield and rural farmers could improve the quality of the bulb as a marketable surplus. This work contributes to the scarce literature on the application of survival analysis to agricultural technologies.
{"title":"Modeling the adoption of a garlic variety (Allium sativum L.) in Mexico through survival analysis","authors":"B. Sánchez-Toledano, V. Cuevas-Reyes, Oscar Palmeros Rojas, M. Borja-Bravo","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.051","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to analyze the adoption behavior over time for the improved variety of garlic CEZAC 06, and the factors associated with the adoption process through survival analysis (SA), in North-Central Mexico. The data comes at farm level and was collected in 2019 through a questionnaire given to 40 garlic farmers in Zacatecas, Mexico. The results show that 62.5 % of the farmers who adopted CEZAC 06 carried out this process in the first two years after they were first introduced to it. The factors that played a role in the adoption process were: farmer age, how long the farmer had been in business for, number of hectares availables for garlic production, yield, number of college-educated family members, income from crop farming, income from garlic farming, agriculture-related courses taken, financial aid from the federal government, and being part of any type of organization. Improving yield and the quality of the garlic bulb requires an adequate extension system that allows farmers to receive updated and reliable information on the importance of technological innovation. Highlights The analysis also suggested that new technologies should be transmitted at higher rates to increase adoption. This can be done by implementing courses aimed at farmers with low educational backgrounds, small plots of land and low productivity levels. The factors affecting the adoption process were: farmer age, how long the farmer had been in business, yield, etc. CEZAC 06 will increase yield and rural farmers could improve the quality of the bulb as a marketable surplus. This work contributes to the scarce literature on the application of survival analysis to agricultural technologies.","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"1994 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89092530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Palomares-Pérez, Y. Contreras-Bermúdez, P. F. Grifaldo-Alcántara, R. E. García-García, M. Bravo-Núñez, H. Arredondo-Bernal
Ceraeochrysa claveri Navás (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is a predator found in several agricultural ecosystems and feeds on insects and phytophagous mites. Its high reproductive potential and forage capacity makes it a candidate for biological control of agricultural pests. Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is an important pest that can damage several species of palms, in particular, Cocos nucifera L. Given the scarcity of available knowledge about the biological aspects of Chrysopidae fed with phytophagous mites, the present work aimed to study the larval development of C. claveri fed mainly with R. indica, in order to obtain information that would be of help in the integrated management of this pest. The evaluation was performed in the F0 generation. Larva 3 is the instar that consumes the most mites (F value = 32.99; P > 0.0001) (L3: 46.80 ± 10.12 a; L2: 9.80 ± 1.23 b; L1: 9.40 ± 1.58 b). C. claveri did not complete larval development when fed only with R. indica. Larval instars L1, L2 and L3 lived 7.4 ± 2.2, 7.6 ± 1.9 and 9.0 ± 3.9 days, respectively. The larvae that reached the pupal stage failed to grow further. When adding Sitotroga cerealella Olivier (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) eggs to the diet, the development lasted 7.9 ± 0.2, 7.4 ± 0.8, 6.5 ± 0.9 and 13.6 ± 0.9 days for L1, L2, L3 and pupae, respectively. The adults lived on average 6.7 ± 4.9 days. The sexual ratio was rt = 0.42. According to the conditions under which the experiment was carried out, it can be inferred is that C. claveri cannot complete its development by feeding only on R. indica, and that it thus consumes this mite as an occasional prey. Highlights: Ceraeochrysa claveri is a predator found in various agricultural ecosystems and feeds on insects and phytophagous mites. Raoiella indica is an important mite that can damage several species of palms, in particular Cocos nucifera Ceraeochrysa claveri does not complete its biological cycle by feeding only on indica. By adding another protein source to L3, it can reach the adult stage in 35.4±2.8 days. Ceraeochrysa claveri does not complete its cycle by feeding only on R. indica and consequently takes this mite as occasional prey.
{"title":"Predation capacity and larval development of Ceraeochrysa claveri (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) fed with Raoiella indica (Acari: Tenuipalpidae)","authors":"M. Palomares-Pérez, Y. Contreras-Bermúdez, P. F. Grifaldo-Alcántara, R. E. García-García, M. Bravo-Núñez, H. Arredondo-Bernal","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.055","url":null,"abstract":"Ceraeochrysa claveri Navás (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is a predator found in several agricultural ecosystems and feeds on insects and phytophagous mites. Its high reproductive potential and forage capacity makes it a candidate for biological control of agricultural pests. Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is an important pest that can damage several species of palms, in particular, Cocos nucifera L. Given the scarcity of available knowledge about the biological aspects of Chrysopidae fed with phytophagous mites, the present work aimed to study the larval development of C. claveri fed mainly with R. indica, in order to obtain information that would be of help in the integrated management of this pest. The evaluation was performed in the F0 generation. Larva 3 is the instar that consumes the most mites (F value = 32.99; P > 0.0001) (L3: 46.80 ± 10.12 a; L2: 9.80 ± 1.23 b; L1: 9.40 ± 1.58 b). C. claveri did not complete larval development when fed only with R. indica. Larval instars L1, L2 and L3 lived 7.4 ± 2.2, 7.6 ± 1.9 and 9.0 ± 3.9 days, respectively. The larvae that reached the pupal stage failed to grow further. When adding Sitotroga cerealella Olivier (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) eggs to the diet, the development lasted 7.9 ± 0.2, 7.4 ± 0.8, 6.5 ± 0.9 and 13.6 ± 0.9 days for L1, L2, L3 and pupae, respectively. The adults lived on average 6.7 ± 4.9 days. The sexual ratio was rt = 0.42. According to the conditions under which the experiment was carried out, it can be inferred is that C. claveri cannot complete its development by feeding only on R. indica, and that it thus consumes this mite as an occasional prey.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000Ceraeochrysa claveri is a predator found in various agricultural ecosystems and feeds on insects and phytophagous mites.\u0000Raoiella indica is an important mite that can damage several species of palms, in particular Cocos nucifera\u0000Ceraeochrysa claveri does not complete its biological cycle by feeding only on indica. By adding another protein source to L3, it can reach the adult stage in 35.4±2.8 days.\u0000Ceraeochrysa claveri does not complete its cycle by feeding only on R. indica and consequently takes this mite as occasional prey.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80630026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of defoliation frequency (low and high) and water stress (excess or deficit) on biomass production, P and N nutrition, and symbiosis with native soil microorganisms on a Lotus tenuis and Schedonorus arundinaceus co-culture in a pot experiment. Combined effects of defoliation frequency and water stress affected plant accumulated shoot biomass. L. tenuis root biomass decreased in response to defoliation and water stress, while S. arundinaceus root biomass was similar between non-defoliated and defoliated plants, at all water levels. Low and high frequencies of defoliation in a waterlogged soil can be considered the most stressful scenario for L. tenuis and S. arundinaceus co-culture. Colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in L. tenuis roots and dark septate endophytes colonization in S. arundinaceus roots were affected by both factors, whereas arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in S. arundinaceus was affected only by water stress. Both plants tolerated defoliation and water stress due to the interaction between the translocation of nutrients and carbon compounds from roots to shoots, and P and N absorption (plus N2 fixation in L. tenuis). Highlights: Both plants tolerated defoliation and water stress due to the interaction between the translocation of nutrients and carbon compounds from roots to shoots, and P and N absorption (plus N2 fixation in tenuis). Low and high frequencies of defoliation in a waterlogged soil can be considered the most stressful scenario for tenuis and S. arundinaceus co-culture. Defoliation frequency increased AM colonization in plant roots under well watered and water deficit conditions. arundinaceus roots were co-colonized by AM fungi and DSE. Promoting the presence of tenuis through low defoliation frequency would improve forage yield and quality with the maintenance of AM symbiosis in legume–grass communities.
{"title":"Lotus tenuis and Schedonorus arundinaceus co-culture exposed to defoliation and water stress","authors":"I. García","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.044","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to investigate the effect of defoliation frequency (low and high) and water stress (excess or deficit) on biomass production, P and N nutrition, and symbiosis with native soil microorganisms on a Lotus tenuis and Schedonorus arundinaceus co-culture in a pot experiment. Combined effects of defoliation frequency and water stress affected plant accumulated shoot biomass. L. tenuis root biomass decreased in response to defoliation and water stress, while S. arundinaceus root biomass was similar between non-defoliated and defoliated plants, at all water levels. Low and high frequencies of defoliation in a waterlogged soil can be considered the most stressful scenario for L. tenuis and S. arundinaceus co-culture. Colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in L. tenuis roots and dark septate endophytes colonization in S. arundinaceus roots were affected by both factors, whereas arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in S. arundinaceus was affected only by water stress. Both plants tolerated defoliation and water stress due to the interaction between the translocation of nutrients and carbon compounds from roots to shoots, and P and N absorption (plus N2 fixation in L. tenuis).\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000Both plants tolerated defoliation and water stress due to the interaction between the translocation of nutrients and carbon compounds from roots to shoots, and P and N absorption (plus N2 fixation in tenuis).\u0000Low and high frequencies of defoliation in a waterlogged soil can be considered the most stressful scenario for tenuis and S. arundinaceus co-culture.\u0000Defoliation frequency increased AM colonization in plant roots under well watered and water deficit conditions.\u0000 arundinaceus roots were co-colonized by AM fungi and DSE.\u0000Promoting the presence of tenuis through low defoliation frequency would improve forage yield and quality with the maintenance of AM symbiosis in legume–grass communities.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80896323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richard Jose Ortega Justavino, P. Loyola, Joaquín Antonio Llera Giménez
Drip irrigation –surface (DI) and subsurface (SDI)– is one of the best irrigation systems to increase both irrigation and water use efficiency. The objective of this research is to assess and compare the response of fodder corn to SDI treatments at two depths with DI in Mendoza. A full factorial experimental design was used on random plots and measurements were replicated through time. Tests were run in two consecutive cycles. Germination percentage (GP), yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and water productivity (WP) were assessed. High yields ranging from 70,214 to 105,771 kg ha-1 of green matter and from 10,020 to 22,476 kg ha-1 of dry matter (DM) were obtained in both cycles, respectively. DM production from the first sowing was significantly higher in both cycles under SDI treatment than under DI. No significant differences in WP or WUE were found. GP and soil moisture (SM) did not show differences between treatments, but significant differences were found in SM (p=<0.0001) between the first soil layer and the other two layers. Highlights Germination percentage was not affected by the depth of the drip irrigation lines. No significant differences were found in green matter yields between treatments in both crop cycles. High crop water use was achieved. WUE values were 12 percent (and up to 41 percent) higher.
地表滴灌(DI)和地下滴灌(SDI)是提高灌溉和水利用效率的最佳灌溉系统之一。本研究的目的是评估和比较门多萨两种深度的饲料玉米对SDI处理的响应。全因子实验设计采用随机图，测量结果随时间重复。测试在两个连续的周期中运行。测定发芽率(GP)、产量、水分利用效率(WUE)和水分生产力(WP)。在两个循环中，绿物质和干物质(DM)的产量分别为70,214 ~ 105,771 kg ha-1和10,020 ~ 22,476 kg ha-1。在两个周期中，SDI处理的DM产量均显著高于DI处理。WP和WUE无显著差异。土壤水分(SM)和土壤水分(GP)在不同处理间无显著差异，但第一层与其他两层之间存在显著差异(p=<0.0001)。发芽率不受滴灌管道深度的影响。两个作物周期处理间绿质产量无显著差异。实现了作物高用水量。WUE值高出12%(最高达41%)。
{"title":"Assessment of fodder corn grown under surface and subsurface drip irrigation in Mendoza, Argentina","authors":"Richard Jose Ortega Justavino, P. Loyola, Joaquín Antonio Llera Giménez","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.047","url":null,"abstract":"Drip irrigation –surface (DI) and subsurface (SDI)– is one of the best irrigation systems to increase both irrigation and water use efficiency. The objective of this research is to assess and compare the response of fodder corn to SDI treatments at two depths with DI in Mendoza. A full factorial experimental design was used on random plots and measurements were replicated through time. Tests were run in two consecutive cycles. Germination percentage (GP), yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and water productivity (WP) were assessed. High yields ranging from 70,214 to 105,771 kg ha-1 of green matter and from 10,020 to 22,476 kg ha-1 of dry matter (DM) were obtained in both cycles, respectively.\u0000DM production from the first sowing was significantly higher in both cycles under SDI treatment than under DI. No significant differences in WP or WUE were found. GP and soil moisture (SM) did not show differences between treatments, but significant differences were found in SM (p=<0.0001) between the first soil layer and the other two layers.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000Germination percentage was not affected by the depth of the drip irrigation lines.\u0000No significant differences were found in green matter yields between treatments in both crop cycles.\u0000High crop water use was achieved. WUE values were 12 percent (and up to 41 percent) higher.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85486794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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