Richard Jose Ortega Justavino, P. Loyola, Joaquín Antonio Llera Giménez
Drip irrigation –surface (DI) and subsurface (SDI)– is one of the best irrigation systems to increase both irrigation and water use efficiency. The objective of this research is to assess and compare the response of fodder corn to SDI treatments at two depths with DI in Mendoza. A full factorial experimental design was used on random plots and measurements were replicated through time. Tests were run in two consecutive cycles. Germination percentage (GP), yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and water productivity (WP) were assessed. High yields ranging from 70,214 to 105,771 kg ha-1 of green matter and from 10,020 to 22,476 kg ha-1 of dry matter (DM) were obtained in both cycles, respectively. DM production from the first sowing was significantly higher in both cycles under SDI treatment than under DI. No significant differences in WP or WUE were found. GP and soil moisture (SM) did not show differences between treatments, but significant differences were found in SM (p=<0.0001) between the first soil layer and the other two layers. Highlights Germination percentage was not affected by the depth of the drip irrigation lines. No significant differences were found in green matter yields between treatments in both crop cycles. High crop water use was achieved. WUE values were 12 percent (and up to 41 percent) higher.
地表滴灌(DI)和地下滴灌(SDI)是提高灌溉和水利用效率的最佳灌溉系统之一。本研究的目的是评估和比较门多萨两种深度的饲料玉米对SDI处理的响应。全因子实验设计采用随机图，测量结果随时间重复。测试在两个连续的周期中运行。测定发芽率(GP)、产量、水分利用效率(WUE)和水分生产力(WP)。在两个循环中，绿物质和干物质(DM)的产量分别为70,214 ~ 105,771 kg ha-1和10,020 ~ 22,476 kg ha-1。在两个周期中，SDI处理的DM产量均显著高于DI处理。WP和WUE无显著差异。土壤水分(SM)和土壤水分(GP)在不同处理间无显著差异，但第一层与其他两层之间存在显著差异(p=<0.0001)。发芽率不受滴灌管道深度的影响。两个作物周期处理间绿质产量无显著差异。实现了作物高用水量。WUE值高出12%(最高达41%)。
{"title":"Assessment of fodder corn grown under surface and subsurface drip irrigation in Mendoza, Argentina","authors":"Richard Jose Ortega Justavino, P. Loyola, Joaquín Antonio Llera Giménez","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.047","url":null,"abstract":"Drip irrigation –surface (DI) and subsurface (SDI)– is one of the best irrigation systems to increase both irrigation and water use efficiency. The objective of this research is to assess and compare the response of fodder corn to SDI treatments at two depths with DI in Mendoza. A full factorial experimental design was used on random plots and measurements were replicated through time. Tests were run in two consecutive cycles. Germination percentage (GP), yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and water productivity (WP) were assessed. High yields ranging from 70,214 to 105,771 kg ha-1 of green matter and from 10,020 to 22,476 kg ha-1 of dry matter (DM) were obtained in both cycles, respectively.\u0000DM production from the first sowing was significantly higher in both cycles under SDI treatment than under DI. No significant differences in WP or WUE were found. GP and soil moisture (SM) did not show differences between treatments, but significant differences were found in SM (p=<0.0001) between the first soil layer and the other two layers.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000Germination percentage was not affected by the depth of the drip irrigation lines.\u0000No significant differences were found in green matter yields between treatments in both crop cycles.\u0000High crop water use was achieved. WUE values were 12 percent (and up to 41 percent) higher.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85486794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Débora Pantojo de Souza, Arthur Carniato Sanches, Fernando Campos Mendonça, José Ricardo Macedo Pezzopane, Danielle Morais Amorim, Fernanda Lamede Ferreira de Jesus
Considering profitability in pasture-based systems, investigating parameters affecting crop coefficients for irrigation management becomes important. In this experiment, we determined the crop coefficient of ‘Marandu’ palisadegrass based on accumulated degree-days and estimated plant water consumption under single (‘Marandu’ alisadegrass) and mixed (‘Marandu’ palisadegrass + black oats + Italian ryegrass) cropping regimes. The research was conducted at the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, between 2016 and 2017. Evapotranspiration was assessed using weighing lysimeters while crop evapotranspiration was calculated using mean weight variation. Reference evapotranspiration and degree-days were estimated. Data were obtained from an automated weather station. Equations and regression models relating crop coefficient with accumulated degree-days were generated for two seasons (spring/summer and autumn/winter) and evaluated for two year-cycles, from 2015 to 2018. The results showed better prediction accuracy for the single cropping system in spring/summer 2017–18. Highlights The model for determinating crop coefficient (Kc) by accumulated degree-days showed efficient for use in determination local. The use of the degree days for determination Kc is more vantage because only necessary to measure the air temperature (maximum and minimum). The equations for determining crop coefficient by accumulated degree days for the spring/summer season in Marandu palisade grass cultive show more precision that in mixture forage system.
{"title":"Crop coefficient estimated by degree-days for ‘Marandu’ palisadegrass and mixed forage","authors":"Débora Pantojo de Souza, Arthur Carniato Sanches, Fernando Campos Mendonça, José Ricardo Macedo Pezzopane, Danielle Morais Amorim, Fernanda Lamede Ferreira de Jesus","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.041","url":null,"abstract":"Considering profitability in pasture-based systems, investigating parameters affecting crop coefficients for irrigation management becomes important. In this experiment, we determined the crop coefficient of ‘Marandu’ palisadegrass based on accumulated degree-days and estimated plant water consumption under single (‘Marandu’ alisadegrass) and mixed (‘Marandu’ palisadegrass + black oats + Italian ryegrass) cropping regimes. The research was conducted at the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture in Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, between 2016 and 2017. Evapotranspiration was assessed using weighing lysimeters while crop evapotranspiration was calculated using mean weight variation. Reference evapotranspiration and degree-days were estimated. Data were obtained from an automated weather station. Equations and regression models relating crop coefficient with accumulated degree-days were generated for two seasons (spring/summer and autumn/winter) and evaluated for two year-cycles, from 2015 to 2018. The results showed better prediction accuracy for the single cropping system in spring/summer 2017–18.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000The model for determinating crop coefficient (Kc) by accumulated degree-days showed efficient for use in determination local.\u0000The use of the degree days for determination Kc is more vantage because only necessary to measure the air temperature (maximum and minimum).\u0000The equations for determining crop coefficient by accumulated degree days for the spring/summer season in Marandu palisade grass cultive show more precision that in mixture forage system.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87270625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabián Soto, P. Peñaloza, E. Oyanedel, F. Schiappacasse, Oscar Durán, A. Vidal
Selliera radicans is a creeping plant native to Chile, New Zealand and Australia. It is increasingly used in the ornamental industry, and there is interest in breeding it to create commercial varieties. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of gamma radiation applied to the seeds on the germination and development of seedlings (M1) and the LD50 of two accessions of Selliera radicans for use in the induction of mutations. Seeds of the Vichuquén and La Serena accessions were exposed to 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 Gy from a 60Co source. Weekly germination percentages along with seedling numbers and lengths were recorded. Vichuquén seeds were more sensitive to this physical agent. The LD50 was 243.9 Gy for Vichuquén and 445.6 Gy for La Serena. Seedling lengths reached almost 4 mm for Vichuquén and 11.3 mm for La Serena at 12 weeks after sowing. Doses lower than 200 Gy are recommended since higher doses do not allow the development of seedlings to the extended cotyledon stage. Highlights: This is the first radiosensitivity study for the Goodeniaceae family and therefore for the Selliera genus. This study shows the specific effect of gamma radiation at the level of germination and seedling formation according to accession of origin. This study could be used for the genetic improvement of Selliera radicans via the induction of mutations.
雪梨是一种匍匐植物，原产于智利、新西兰和澳大利亚。它越来越多地用于观赏工业，并且有兴趣培育它以创造商业品种。本研究的目的是确定不同剂量的伽玛辐射对种子萌发和幼苗发育的影响(M1)和LD50用于诱导突变。vichuquaciman和La Serena品种的种子分别受到来自60Co源的0、100、200、300、400、500、600和700 Gy的辐射。记录周发芽率、幼苗数量和幼苗长度。豇豆种子对该物质的敏感性较高。vichuquacry的LD50为243.9 Gy, La Serena的LD50为445.6 Gy。在播种12周后，vichuquachan的幼苗长度接近4毫米，La Serena的幼苗长度达到11.3毫米。建议剂量低于200戈瑞，因为较高的剂量不能使幼苗发育到子叶期。重点:这是第一次对古德尼科的辐射敏感性研究，因此是对Selliera属的辐射敏感性研究。本研究显示了γ辐射在不同产地的种子萌发和成苗水平上的特定影响。本研究可为通过诱导突变对雪芹进行遗传改良提供依据。
{"title":"Germination and development of M1 seedlings of two Selliera radicans Cav. accessions subjected to gamma radiation","authors":"Fabián Soto, P. Peñaloza, E. Oyanedel, F. Schiappacasse, Oscar Durán, A. Vidal","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.037","url":null,"abstract":"Selliera radicans is a creeping plant native to Chile, New Zealand and Australia. It is increasingly used in the ornamental industry, and there is interest in breeding it to create commercial varieties. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of gamma radiation applied to the seeds on the germination and development of seedlings (M1) and the LD50 of two accessions of Selliera radicans for use in the induction of mutations. Seeds of the Vichuquén and La Serena accessions were exposed to 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 Gy from a 60Co source. Weekly germination percentages along with seedling numbers and lengths were recorded. Vichuquén seeds were more sensitive to this physical agent. The LD50 was 243.9 Gy for Vichuquén and 445.6 Gy for La Serena. Seedling lengths reached almost 4 mm for Vichuquén and 11.3 mm for La Serena at 12 weeks after sowing. Doses lower than 200 Gy are recommended since higher doses do not allow the development of seedlings to the extended cotyledon stage.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000This is the first radiosensitivity study for the Goodeniaceae family and therefore for the Selliera genus.\u0000This study shows the specific effect of gamma radiation at the level of germination and seedling formation according to accession of origin.\u0000This study could be used for the genetic improvement of Selliera radicans via the induction of mutations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80836126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simón Sandoval, Eduardo Acuña, J. Cancino, R. Rubilar
Mortality was modelled for three species (Acacia melanoxylon, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus nitens) at three plantation densities (5000, 7500, and 10000 trees ha-1) in an trial of biomass production for purposes of dendroenergetic. One modelling based on individual tree level and two mortality modelling alternatives were evaluated: four survival probability equations and eight difference equations. The individual tree survival modelling considered a logistic model, is a linear combination of variables to individual tree at current time and the previous time as estimator, being the main variables the variation of the competition index and the variation of basal area growth between the current growth period and the previous growth period. The survival probability alternative used state variables of the stand (age, dominant height, average square diameter) as predictors, whereas the difference equations were adjusted according to age-based changes only. The models to stand levels showed better result than individual tree models, and in general, the mortality models based on difference equations presented better indicators of precision and parsimony. The rate of relative mortality was constant, i.e., (dN/dE)/N, and varied between species, revealing greater mortality, consecutively, in E. nitens, A. melanoxylon, and E. camaldulensis. Although mortality tended to be higher at greater plantation densities, stand density did not significantly affect the parameters of the adjusted models. Highlights The mortality stand level models showed better results than the individual tree models for dendroenergetic crops, and in general, the mortality models based on difference equations presented better precision indicators and parsimony. The survival probability alternative involved state variables of the stand like age, dominant height, and average square diameter as predictors, while the difference equations were fitted according to age-based changes only. Mortality tended to be higher at greater plantation densities, however stand density did not significantly affect the parameters of the mortality equations.
{"title":"Modeling natural mortality for different plant densities in dendroenergetic trials","authors":"Simón Sandoval, Eduardo Acuña, J. Cancino, R. Rubilar","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.048","url":null,"abstract":"Mortality was modelled for three species (Acacia melanoxylon, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus nitens) at three plantation densities (5000, 7500, and 10000 trees ha-1) in an trial of biomass production for purposes of dendroenergetic. One modelling based on individual tree level and two mortality modelling alternatives were evaluated: four survival probability equations and eight difference equations. The individual tree survival modelling considered a logistic model, is a linear combination of variables to individual tree at current time and the previous time as estimator, being the main variables the variation of the competition index and the variation of basal area growth between the current growth period and the previous growth period. The survival probability alternative used state variables of the stand (age, dominant height, average square diameter) as predictors, whereas the difference equations were adjusted according to age-based changes only. The models to stand levels showed better result than individual tree models, and in general, the mortality models based on difference equations presented better indicators of precision and parsimony. The rate of relative mortality was constant, i.e., (dN/dE)/N, and varied between species, revealing greater mortality, consecutively, in E. nitens, A. melanoxylon, and E. camaldulensis. Although mortality tended to be higher at greater plantation densities, stand density did not significantly affect the parameters of the adjusted models.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000The mortality stand level models showed better results than the individual tree models for dendroenergetic crops, and in general, the mortality models based on difference equations presented better precision indicators and parsimony.\u0000The survival probability alternative involved state variables of the stand like age, dominant height, and average square diameter as predictors, while the difference equations were fitted according to age-based changes only.\u0000Mortality tended to be higher at greater plantation densities, however stand density did not significantly affect the parameters of the mortality equations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89796952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrés Chiang, Mauricio Aguilera, Ricardo Cabana, Marcos Mora
The purpose of this study was to model Chinese consumers’ intention to purchase fresh cherries through direct and indirect relations and mediating role between perceived intrinsic quality, perceived extrinsic quality and satisfaction. The analytical method used was a structural equation modeling (SEM). Surveys were applied to 388 buyers in three traditional markets in Beijing, China. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed, which presented an adequate goodness of fit to accept the model, according to the literature, which confirmed the relations. The results showed, that perceived extrinsic quality and satisfaction are directly and significantly related to Chinese consumers’ intention to purchase fresh cherries. Additionally, an indirect and significant relationship was found between perceived intrinsic quality and purchase intention, through the mediating role of satisfaction. Highlights: Only the intrinsic perceived quality in fresh cherries is directly and significantly related to the satisfaction of Chinese consumers, generating indirect effects on the purchase intention through the mediating role of satisfaction, which is opposed to the results obtained in extrinsic perceived quality. The results obtained in this study determined that the intrinsic perceived quality does not present a direct and significant relationship with the purchase intention in fresh cherries, a result in conflict with that obtained in the extrinsic perceived quality. It was statistically demonstrated that intrinsic perceived quality has an indirect and significant influence on purchase intention through the mediating role of satisfaction; on the other hand, no indirect and significant influence was found between perceived extrinsic quality and purchase intention as a result of the mediating role of satisfaction. Satisfaction has a direct and significant relation on the purchase intention of Chinese consumers. The results of this research seem to be in line with the marketing initiatives developed by ASOEX, enhancing the attributes of intrinsic quality, color and size, and linking it to celebrations and traditions, through activities such as "Super Cherries days", "Chilean Cherries dance" and "Cherries from Chile", activities that have also been enhanced by public policies and agreements such as the free trade agreement between the two countries in force since 2005.
{"title":"Chinese consumers’ purchase intention of fresh cherries: Modeling of relations between satisfaction and perceived quality","authors":"Andrés Chiang, Mauricio Aguilera, Ricardo Cabana, Marcos Mora","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.053","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to model Chinese consumers’ intention to purchase fresh cherries through direct and indirect relations and mediating role between perceived intrinsic quality, perceived extrinsic quality and satisfaction. The analytical method used was a structural equation modeling (SEM). Surveys were applied to 388 buyers in three traditional markets in Beijing, China. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed, which presented an adequate goodness of fit to accept the model, according to the literature, which confirmed the relations. The results showed, that perceived extrinsic quality and satisfaction are directly and significantly related to Chinese consumers’ intention to purchase fresh cherries. Additionally, an indirect and significant relationship was found between perceived intrinsic quality and purchase intention, through the mediating role of satisfaction. Highlights: Only the intrinsic perceived quality in fresh cherries is directly and significantly related to the satisfaction of Chinese consumers, generating indirect effects on the purchase intention through the mediating role of satisfaction, which is opposed to the results obtained in extrinsic perceived quality. The results obtained in this study determined that the intrinsic perceived quality does not present a direct and significant relationship with the purchase intention in fresh cherries, a result in conflict with that obtained in the extrinsic perceived quality. It was statistically demonstrated that intrinsic perceived quality has an indirect and significant influence on purchase intention through the mediating role of satisfaction; on the other hand, no indirect and significant influence was found between perceived extrinsic quality and purchase intention as a result of the mediating role of satisfaction. Satisfaction has a direct and significant relation on the purchase intention of Chinese consumers. The results of this research seem to be in line with the marketing initiatives developed by ASOEX, enhancing the attributes of intrinsic quality, color and size, and linking it to celebrations and traditions, through activities such as \"Super Cherries days\", \"Chilean Cherries dance\" and \"Cherries from Chile\", activities that have also been enhanced by public policies and agreements such as the free trade agreement between the two countries in force since 2005.","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86611820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luiz Eduardo Tilhaqui Bertasello, V. A. Filla, A. P. Coelho, G. V. Môro
Maize has a high nitrogen demand; as a result, more sustainable alternatives are needed to reduce demand for mineral fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate and characterize the agronomic performance of maize genotypes submitted to topdressing nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. An experiment was conducted in the second season of 2017, in Jaboticabal-SP (Brazil), using 48 maize genotypes in a randomized block design. Treatments consisted of: 1) application of 140 kg ha-1 nitrogen, using urea as mineral fertilizer; 2) A. brasilense inoculation via soil, at a rate of 600 mL ha-1, as biological fertilization. Grain yield and agronomic traits were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (F-Test), means were compared by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability, and multivariate statistical analysis was performed by principal component analysis. A. brasilense inoculation via soil has a significant effect on female flowering, on the interaction between genotype versus N supply for Fusarium spp., and increases the maize grain yield; however, the responses of agronomic attributes vary with genotype. Highlights The inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense via soil increases maize grain yield, becoming viable and more sustainable alternative in the supply of nitrogen. The choice of the genotypes is an essential fator for the sucessful use of Azospirillum brasilense application or mineral fertilization, because the responses of agronomic attributes vary with the genotype. The most contrasting genotypes can be recombined in new stages of crossbreeding and selection, aiming at obtaining genotypes with greater yield potential in the use of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation. Further studies are needed to better understand this technology under conditions with different genotypes, soils and production systems.
玉米对氮的需求量很大;因此，需要更可持续的替代品来减少对矿物肥料的需求。本研究旨在评价不同基因型玉米在追施氮肥和接种巴西氮螺旋菌处理下的农艺性能。2017年第二季，在巴西Jaboticabal-SP进行了一项试验，采用随机区组设计，使用48种玉米基因型。处理包括:1)施氮140 kg hm -1，以尿素为矿肥;2)土壤接种巴西螺，接种量为600 mL ha-1，作为生物施肥。对籽粒产量和农艺性状进行评价。资料采用方差分析(f检验)，均数比较采用5%概率Scott-Knott检验，多元统计分析采用主成分分析。土壤接种巴西霉对玉米雌花、镰刀菌基因型与氮素供给的交互作用有显著影响，可提高玉米产量;然而，不同基因型对农艺性状的响应不同。通过土壤接种巴西固氮螺旋菌可提高玉米产量，成为一种可行且可持续的氮素供应替代方案。基因型的选择是巴西氮螺旋菌施用或矿质施肥成功与否的关键因素，因为基因型不同，其农艺性状的反应也不同。对比最明显的基因型可以在杂交选择的新阶段进行重组，以获得具有更大产量潜力的基因型，用于接种巴西氮螺旋菌。需要进一步研究以更好地了解该技术在不同基因型、土壤和生产系统条件下的应用。
{"title":"Agronomic performance of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under Azospirillum brasilense application and mineral fertilization","authors":"Luiz Eduardo Tilhaqui Bertasello, V. A. Filla, A. P. Coelho, G. V. Môro","doi":"10.48162/REV.39.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/REV.39.007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Maize has a high nitrogen demand; as a result, more sustainable alternatives are needed to reduce demand for mineral fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate and characterize the agronomic performance of maize genotypes submitted to topdressing nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. An experiment was conducted in the second season of 2017, in Jaboticabal-SP (Brazil), using 48 maize genotypes in a randomized block design. Treatments consisted of: 1) application of 140 kg ha-1 nitrogen, using urea as mineral fertilizer; 2) A. brasilense inoculation via soil, at a rate of 600 mL ha-1, as biological fertilization. Grain yield and agronomic traits were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (F-Test), means were compared by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability, and multivariate statistical analysis was performed by principal component analysis. A. brasilense inoculation via soil has a significant effect on female flowering, on the interaction between genotype versus N supply for Fusarium spp., and increases the maize grain yield; however, the responses of agronomic attributes vary with genotype. \u0000Highlights \u0000 \u0000The inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense via soil increases maize grain yield, becoming viable and more sustainable alternative in the supply of nitrogen. \u0000The choice of the genotypes is an essential fator for the sucessful use of Azospirillum brasilense application or mineral fertilization, because the responses of agronomic attributes vary with the genotype. \u0000The most contrasting genotypes can be recombined in new stages of crossbreeding and selection, aiming at obtaining genotypes with greater yield potential in the use of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation. \u0000Further studies are needed to better understand this technology under conditions with different genotypes, soils and production systems. \u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81873375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Platelets are essential elements of human blood. In addition to their normal role, platelets are involved in causing myocardial infarction, stroke and other thrombotic disorders. Platelet activation in vivo, probably involves a combination of agonists. Garlic has beneficial effects due to its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane formation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of garlic extracts to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by different agonists and their mixtures in different donors. Significant differences were found in platelet aggregation in response to each agonist (P ≤ 0.05). The highest antiaggregatory effect was observed with arachidonic acid and the lowest effect with collagen-arachidonic acid mixture. Interaction effects between donor and agonist (or mixtures) were detected. The study showed the potential of aqueous garlic extracts to prevent platelet aggregation induced by different agonist. Highlights Platelets play a central role in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Blood from nine non-smoker healthy donors was used for in vitro platelet aggregation study. Significant differences were found in platelet aggregation in response to each agonist. Aqueous garlic extracts could prevent platelet aggregation induced by different agonist.
{"title":"Garlic inhibitory effect on platelet activity induced by different agonists","authors":"R. González, V. S. Vargas, M. Sance, C. Galmarini","doi":"10.48162/REV.39.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/REV.39.005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Platelets are essential elements of human blood. In addition to their normal role, platelets are involved in causing myocardial infarction, stroke and other thrombotic disorders. Platelet activation in vivo, probably involves a combination of agonists. Garlic has beneficial effects due to its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane formation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of garlic extracts to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by different agonists and their mixtures in different donors. Significant differences were found in platelet aggregation in response to each agonist (P ≤ 0.05). The highest antiaggregatory effect was observed with arachidonic acid and the lowest effect with collagen-arachidonic acid mixture. Interaction effects between donor and agonist (or mixtures) were detected. The study showed the potential of aqueous garlic extracts to prevent platelet aggregation induced by different agonist. \u0000Highlights \u0000 \u0000Platelets play a central role in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. \u0000Blood from nine non-smoker healthy donors was used for in vitro platelet aggregation study. \u0000Significant differences were found in platelet aggregation in response to each agonist. \u0000Aqueous garlic extracts could prevent platelet aggregation induced by different agonist. \u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76360775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Pizarro-Araya, F. M. Alfaro, Rodrigo A. Muñoz-Rivera, Juan E. Barriga-Tuñón, L. Letelier
The Limarí valley, located in the Coquimbo Region of Chile, is an important agricultural area that is immersed in the transverse valleys of the Norte Chico. In recent decades, the continuous expansion of agriculture towards dry land zones has favored the migration and establishment of potential pests, such as arthropods, that may affect crops or be zoonotic agents. Based on the limited knowledge we have about the arthropod group present in the Limarí basin, our objective is to describe the taxonomic composition of the assemblage of economically important arthropods inhabiting this basin of the semiarid region of Chile. After reviewing historical data, specimen collections, and the specialized literature, a total of 414 arthropod species were recorded. Of the total number of species recorded, 92.5% were insects, the most diverse taxon, with 11 orders. Arachnids, in turn, were represented only by Acari with 31 species. The most widely represented orders of insects were Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera. Within Coleoptera the most species-rich families were, in decreasing order of importance, Curculionidae, Coccinellidae, Cerambycidae, Scarabaeidae, Chrysomelidae (Bruchinae), Ptinidae, and Bostrichidae; within Hemiptera these were Aphididae, Diaspididae, Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Pentatomidae and Rhopalidae; and within Lepidoptera they were Noctuidae and Tortricidae. We hope this study serves as a starting point for identifying the most diverse arthropod groups and developing pest monitoring and control programs. Highlights: A large percentage of phytophagous species, mainly belonging to Acari, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera, were registered in the Limarí basin. Some families of agricultural importance (Aleyrodidae, Aphididae, Coccidae, Diaspididae, Margarodidae, Pseudococcidae), were observed in large agricultural crops in the basin (e.g., vines, oranges, mandarins, lemon trees, avocado trees, walnuts, olive trees, vegetable crops). A smaller fraction corresponded to the group of predators and parasitoids, mainly represented by Coleoptera (Coccinellidae), Neuroptera (Chrysopidae) and Hymenoptera (Braconidae, Encyrtidae, Ichneumonidae, Platygastridae, Signiphoridae). The richness and spatial records of arthropods were mostly concentrated between the city of Ovalle and the estuary of Punitaqui - the areas with most intense agricultural activity in the Limarí basin.
{"title":"Arthropods of the Limarí River basin (Coquimbo Region, Chile): taxonomic composition in agricultural ecosystems","authors":"J. Pizarro-Araya, F. M. Alfaro, Rodrigo A. Muñoz-Rivera, Juan E. Barriga-Tuñón, L. Letelier","doi":"10.48162/REV.39.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/REV.39.023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The Limarí valley, located in the Coquimbo Region of Chile, is an important agricultural area that is immersed in the transverse valleys of the Norte Chico. In recent decades, the continuous expansion of agriculture towards dry land zones has favored the migration and establishment of potential pests, such as arthropods, that may affect crops or be zoonotic agents. Based on the limited knowledge we have about the arthropod group present in the Limarí basin, our objective is to describe the taxonomic composition of the assemblage of economically important arthropods inhabiting this basin of the semiarid region of Chile. After reviewing historical data, specimen collections, and the specialized literature, a total of 414 arthropod species were recorded. Of the total number of species recorded, 92.5% were insects, the most diverse taxon, with 11 orders. Arachnids, in turn, were represented only by Acari with 31 species. The most widely represented orders of insects were Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera. Within Coleoptera the most species-rich families were, in decreasing order of importance, Curculionidae, Coccinellidae, Cerambycidae, Scarabaeidae, Chrysomelidae (Bruchinae), Ptinidae, and Bostrichidae; within Hemiptera these were Aphididae, Diaspididae, Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Pentatomidae and Rhopalidae; and within Lepidoptera they were Noctuidae and Tortricidae. We hope this study serves as a starting point for identifying the most diverse arthropod groups and developing pest monitoring and control programs.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000A large percentage of phytophagous species, mainly belonging to Acari, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera, were registered in the Limarí basin.\u0000Some families of agricultural importance (Aleyrodidae, Aphididae, Coccidae, Diaspididae, Margarodidae, Pseudococcidae), were observed in large agricultural crops in the basin (e.g., vines, oranges, mandarins, lemon trees, avocado trees, walnuts, olive trees, vegetable crops).\u0000A smaller fraction corresponded to the group of predators and parasitoids, mainly represented by Coleoptera (Coccinellidae), Neuroptera (Chrysopidae) and Hymenoptera (Braconidae, Encyrtidae, Ichneumonidae, Platygastridae, Signiphoridae).\u0000The richness and spatial records of arthropods were mostly concentrated between the city of Ovalle and the estuary of Punitaqui - the areas with most intense agricultural activity in the Limarí basin.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87333914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. P. Ribeiro, F. Tardin, C. B. Menezes, A. B. Baldoni, P. Teodoro, L. L. Bhering
Grain sorghum production has expanded during the off-season when rainfall oscillates and becomes insufficient. Aiming to obtain better adapted cultivars, breeding programs have sought new combinations of hybrids with earliness, high grain yield, and ideal plant height for harvesting. This study aimed to estimate de combining ability of grain sorghum lines, proposing a breeding strategy, to identify hybrids gathering high yield, earliness, and desired plant height. Thirty-six hybrids from crosses of 12 lines were evaluated at two sites in the Brazilian region known as Cerrado biome. The evaluated traits were: days to flowering, plant height, and grain yield. For the diallel analysis, Method 4 of Griffing adapted to partial diallel was adopted. By combining ability analysis, we identified promising lines to be used as parents to obtain more yielding, early, and ideal height hybrids. The findings allowed us to propose a breeding strategy, in which complex crosses should be performed to gather favorable alleles in new restorer and male-sterile lines. The hybrids 7, 9, 19, and 22 are the most suitable for growing in the evaluated sites. Highlights: Combining ability analysis allows the identification of promising parents to be used in grain sorghum breeding program. Favorable alleles for each trait are contained in different parents, which makes gene pyramiding a necessary strategy to simultaneously gathering earliness, plant height suitable for harvesting, and high yield in a single hybrid. To improve the R lines, the cross between M2 (good donor for shorter height) x M5 (good donor for earliness) should be performed, and the hybrid resulting from M2xM5 can be crossed with the M4 line (good donor for high grain yield). The hybrid generated by the cross F1-B x F4-B (high earliness) should be crossed with the hybrid derived from F6-B x F5-B (shorter height), and the hybrid resulting should be crossed with the hybrid generated by F2-B x F3-B (high grain yield).
{"title":"Combining yield, earliness and plant height in a single genotype: a proposal for breeding in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)","authors":"L. P. Ribeiro, F. Tardin, C. B. Menezes, A. B. Baldoni, P. Teodoro, L. L. Bhering","doi":"10.48162/REV.39.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/REV.39.002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Grain sorghum production has expanded during the off-season when rainfall oscillates and becomes insufficient. Aiming to obtain better adapted cultivars, breeding programs have sought new combinations of hybrids with earliness, high grain yield, and ideal plant height for harvesting. This study aimed to estimate de combining ability of grain sorghum lines, proposing a breeding strategy, to identify hybrids gathering high yield, earliness, and desired plant height. Thirty-six hybrids from crosses of 12 lines were evaluated at two sites in the Brazilian region known as Cerrado biome. The evaluated traits were: days to flowering, plant height, and grain yield. For the diallel analysis, Method 4 of Griffing adapted to partial diallel was adopted. By combining ability analysis, we identified promising lines to be used as parents to obtain more yielding, early, and ideal height hybrids. The findings allowed us to propose a breeding strategy, in which complex crosses should be performed to gather favorable alleles in new restorer and male-sterile lines. The hybrids 7, 9, 19, and 22 are the most suitable for growing in the evaluated sites. \u0000Highlights: \u0000 \u0000Combining ability analysis allows the identification of promising parents to be used in grain sorghum breeding program. \u0000Favorable alleles for each trait are contained in different parents, which makes gene pyramiding a necessary strategy to simultaneously gathering earliness, plant height suitable for harvesting, and high yield in a single hybrid. \u0000To improve the R lines, the cross between M2 (good donor for shorter height) x M5 (good donor for earliness) should be performed, and the hybrid resulting from M2xM5 can be crossed with the M4 line (good donor for high grain yield). \u0000The hybrid generated by the cross F1-B x F4-B (high earliness) should be crossed with the hybrid derived from F6-B x F5-B (shorter height), and the hybrid resulting should be crossed with the hybrid generated by F2-B x F3-B (high grain yield). \u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89899601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María Botey Fullat, Pedro Arias Martín, Silverio Alarcón
Analysis of emission allowances prices has important environmental and political connotations. This article aimed to identifying the possible variables that may influence their behaviour and studied their relationship with fundamental factors: energy (Brent petroleum, Gas, Coal) and economy (Industrial Production Index, Baltic Dry Index, Purchasing Managers Index). With the objective of analyzing possible mutual interactions, Multivariate VAR or Error Correction Models (VECM), were applied. The information analysed derived from different sources (World Bank, Sendeco2 and various financial websites). The results obtained showed, not only the influence of past prices on the emission allowances actual price, but also the interaction with energetic and economic variables. Highlights Estimation of time series interrelations through VAR models. There is relationship of the emission allowances price with their past values. The energy variables are factors important to also explain the behavior of the emission allowances price. The economic variables are hardly significant except for the Dry Baltic Index.
{"title":"CO2 emission allowances and their interacion with economic and energy factors in the European Union","authors":"María Botey Fullat, Pedro Arias Martín, Silverio Alarcón","doi":"10.48162/REV.39.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/REV.39.018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Analysis of emission allowances prices has important environmental and political connotations. This article aimed to identifying the possible variables that may influence their behaviour and studied their relationship with fundamental factors: energy (Brent petroleum, Gas, Coal) and economy (Industrial Production Index, Baltic Dry Index, Purchasing Managers Index). With the objective of analyzing possible mutual interactions, Multivariate VAR or Error Correction Models (VECM), were applied. The information analysed derived from different sources (World Bank, Sendeco2 and various financial websites). The results obtained showed, not only the influence of past prices on the emission allowances actual price, but also the interaction with energetic and economic variables. \u0000Highlights \u0000 \u0000Estimation of time series interrelations through VAR models. \u0000There is relationship of the emission allowances price with their past values. \u0000The energy variables are factors important to also explain the behavior of the emission allowances price. \u0000The economic variables are hardly significant except for the Dry Baltic Index. \u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84936225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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