To study the variation law of driver's sight distance at tunnel entrance and exit, an actual vehicle test was conducted on an expressway in Chongqing (a total length of 160 km, 36 tunnels, including 4 short tunnels, 8 middle tunnels, 14 long tunnels, and 10 extra-long tunnels) in non-peak hours. Eye-tracking data, illuminance, and velocity were collected by eye-tracker, illuminance meter, and non-contact velocimetry with multi-function respectively. Based on the image illuminance extraction method, the illuminance of tunnel entrance and exit were obtained through Matlab. According to the tunnel parameters in reality, the scale model test was designed, and the driving simulation test was carried out to obtain the driver's sight distance at the tunnel entrance and exit. The support vector regression sight distance calculation model was constructed to analyze the relationship among the driver's driving sight distance, velocity, and illuminance to inspect the driver's sight distance at the entrance and exit of the tunnel and put forward some improvement measures.
为研究隧道出入口驾驶员视距变化规律，在重庆某高速公路(全长160 km, 36条隧道，其中短隧道4条，中隧道8条，长隧道14条，超长隧道10条)非高峰时段进行了实车试验。采用眼动仪、照度计和非接触式多功能测速仪分别采集眼动数据、照度和速度。基于图像照度提取方法，通过Matlab实现了隧道出入口的照度提取。根据实际隧道参数，设计了比例模型试验，并进行了驾驶模拟试验，获得了驾驶员在隧道出入口的视线距离。构建支持向量回归视距计算模型，分析驾驶员驾驶视距与速度、照度之间的关系，检验驾驶员在隧道出入口的视距，并提出改进措施。
{"title":"Drivers’ sight distance of tunnel entrance and exit based on support vector regression","authors":"Ting Shang, Jiaxin Lu, Wenquan Cai, Dongjing Li, Tong Wu, Yufan Wang, Hanjin Lei","doi":"10.1117/12.2657827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657827","url":null,"abstract":"To study the variation law of driver's sight distance at tunnel entrance and exit, an actual vehicle test was conducted on an expressway in Chongqing (a total length of 160 km, 36 tunnels, including 4 short tunnels, 8 middle tunnels, 14 long tunnels, and 10 extra-long tunnels) in non-peak hours. Eye-tracking data, illuminance, and velocity were collected by eye-tracker, illuminance meter, and non-contact velocimetry with multi-function respectively. Based on the image illuminance extraction method, the illuminance of tunnel entrance and exit were obtained through Matlab. According to the tunnel parameters in reality, the scale model test was designed, and the driving simulation test was carried out to obtain the driver's sight distance at the tunnel entrance and exit. The support vector regression sight distance calculation model was constructed to analyze the relationship among the driver's driving sight distance, velocity, and illuminance to inspect the driver's sight distance at the entrance and exit of the tunnel and put forward some improvement measures.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132334341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For the local urban regional traffic with multiple road intersections, the modeling and simulation are carried out in combination with the background of private car commuting, and a private car travel model based on agent cellular automata model is proposed. The effectiveness of the model is verified by analyzing the real traffic scenarios such as recurrence following, acceleration and deceleration, and starting and stopping at traffic lights. The impact of the number of private cars and whether traffic lights are set on the roads on the traffic efficiency of urban areas at multiple intersections is discussed with the average waiting time as the index. The results show that the model can effectively simulate the driving behavior of private cars. The average speed is inversely proportional to the number of private cars and directly proportional to the average waiting time. Setting traffic lights can increase the number of stops. When local traffic flow is not saturated, setting traffic lights will affect traffic efficiency. When local traffic flow is saturated, setting traffic lights can reduce traffic delay and waiting time.
{"title":"Research on traffic state of private car in urban area based on agent cellular automata model","authors":"X. Lu","doi":"10.1117/12.2657957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657957","url":null,"abstract":"For the local urban regional traffic with multiple road intersections, the modeling and simulation are carried out in combination with the background of private car commuting, and a private car travel model based on agent cellular automata model is proposed. The effectiveness of the model is verified by analyzing the real traffic scenarios such as recurrence following, acceleration and deceleration, and starting and stopping at traffic lights. The impact of the number of private cars and whether traffic lights are set on the roads on the traffic efficiency of urban areas at multiple intersections is discussed with the average waiting time as the index. The results show that the model can effectively simulate the driving behavior of private cars. The average speed is inversely proportional to the number of private cars and directly proportional to the average waiting time. Setting traffic lights can increase the number of stops. When local traffic flow is not saturated, setting traffic lights will affect traffic efficiency. When local traffic flow is saturated, setting traffic lights can reduce traffic delay and waiting time.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128497739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Smart cities play an important role in urban sustainability. However, the impacts on sustainability in multiple dimensions are dynamic at various stages of development. Most of the existing studies have only explored the impact on a single-dimensional sustainability, and the long-term dynamic impact has not been discussed in depth and in quantity. Taking 57 cities in China as examples, this study explores the dynamic impact of smart cities on urban environmental, economic and social sustainability, using the Panel VAR (PVAR) model after performing the unit-root tests, the selection of the optimal lag orders and the Granger causality test. Besides, further discussions on urban agglomerations are made, categorized by population density and geographical locations. The results indicate that ICT has positive effect in early stage but negative impact in the second period on social sustainability. The positive impact of industrial structure on environmental sustainability is strengthened but then weakened. The impact of industrial structure on social sustainability is negative in medium- and high-density cities but positive in low-density cities. Finally, the paper will provide policy recommendations for sustainable development in different periods from the perspective of smartness.
{"title":"Dynamic effect of multiple dimensions of smartness on urban sustainability: based on PVAR model","authors":"Mingke Sha","doi":"10.1117/12.2657925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657925","url":null,"abstract":"Smart cities play an important role in urban sustainability. However, the impacts on sustainability in multiple dimensions are dynamic at various stages of development. Most of the existing studies have only explored the impact on a single-dimensional sustainability, and the long-term dynamic impact has not been discussed in depth and in quantity. Taking 57 cities in China as examples, this study explores the dynamic impact of smart cities on urban environmental, economic and social sustainability, using the Panel VAR (PVAR) model after performing the unit-root tests, the selection of the optimal lag orders and the Granger causality test. Besides, further discussions on urban agglomerations are made, categorized by population density and geographical locations. The results indicate that ICT has positive effect in early stage but negative impact in the second period on social sustainability. The positive impact of industrial structure on environmental sustainability is strengthened but then weakened. The impact of industrial structure on social sustainability is negative in medium- and high-density cities but positive in low-density cities. Finally, the paper will provide policy recommendations for sustainable development in different periods from the perspective of smartness.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134618036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingqin Chen, Heng Wang, Shuao Zhang, Jiangfeng Wang
Traffic volume surveys are a key factor in determining the state of road traffic and are a necessary basis for activities such as traffic planning, road construction, traffic control and management and engineering economic analysis. Most traffic volume surveys count vehicles separately by type, so accurate identification of vehicle types is particularly important. This paper is based on traffic volume survey data from eight detection methods for different vehicle types with separate detection counts. Statistical and correlation analyses were carried out separately, culminating in a multiple linear regression model, which yielded specific relationships between the effects of the different models when performing the tests.
{"title":"Analysis of the accuracy of vehicle detection based on multiple linear regression","authors":"Mingqin Chen, Heng Wang, Shuao Zhang, Jiangfeng Wang","doi":"10.1117/12.2658654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2658654","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic volume surveys are a key factor in determining the state of road traffic and are a necessary basis for activities such as traffic planning, road construction, traffic control and management and engineering economic analysis. Most traffic volume surveys count vehicles separately by type, so accurate identification of vehicle types is particularly important. This paper is based on traffic volume survey data from eight detection methods for different vehicle types with separate detection counts. Statistical and correlation analyses were carried out separately, culminating in a multiple linear regression model, which yielded specific relationships between the effects of the different models when performing the tests.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133887109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Binqiang Li, Guangtian Shi, L. Yang, Peng Li, Chenyu Fang, Yukui Wang
Uneven settlement of roadbed and flat scar of wheel are the main diseases of railway vehicles in operation, which have obvious influence on the dynamic response of wheel-rail system and traffic safety. In order to study the influence of two kinds of diseases on traffic safety, a vehicle-track coupling dynamic model was established, and the dynamic response of the vehicle-track system was discussed under the conditions of different settling wavelength, amplitude, speed and length of flat scar. The results show that the impact response of flat scar has great influence on the vertical force of wheel and rail and the load reduction rate of wheel weight, and the amplitude and wavelength of subgrade settlement have great influence on the vertical acceleration of vehicle body. When the train runs at 100km/h, it is recommended that the wavelength of uneven subgrade settlement is greater than 10m, the amplitude is less than 10mm, and the length of flat scar is less than 40mm.
{"title":"Analysis of dynamic response of vehicle rail under the combined action of flat scar and uneven subgrade settlement","authors":"Binqiang Li, Guangtian Shi, L. Yang, Peng Li, Chenyu Fang, Yukui Wang","doi":"10.1117/12.2659261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2659261","url":null,"abstract":"Uneven settlement of roadbed and flat scar of wheel are the main diseases of railway vehicles in operation, which have obvious influence on the dynamic response of wheel-rail system and traffic safety. In order to study the influence of two kinds of diseases on traffic safety, a vehicle-track coupling dynamic model was established, and the dynamic response of the vehicle-track system was discussed under the conditions of different settling wavelength, amplitude, speed and length of flat scar. The results show that the impact response of flat scar has great influence on the vertical force of wheel and rail and the load reduction rate of wheel weight, and the amplitude and wavelength of subgrade settlement have great influence on the vertical acceleration of vehicle body. When the train runs at 100km/h, it is recommended that the wavelength of uneven subgrade settlement is greater than 10m, the amplitude is less than 10mm, and the length of flat scar is less than 40mm.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122989427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to grasp the actual congestion level, travel safety and improve the management level of urban rail transit station, and study the analysis method of platform passenger congestion, this paper uses video technology to obtain the location distribution of passengers at Xi’dan station of Beijing Metro, and studies the distribution process and law of waiting passengers. Firstly, the individual and group behaviors of passengers on the platform are studied, and the actual distribution of passengers in a waiting period is selected to facilitate the division of the platform area; Based on the clustering analysis of density, Density-based clustering analysis (DBSCAN) algorithm can cluster the distribution data of passengers on the platform to realize the density division of the data set, which can effectively solve the clustering problem of the data set with uneven density distribution. Through the visualization of clustering results, it can reflect the aggregation and distribution characteristics of passenger group behavior to a certain extent.
{"title":"Analysis method of congestion degree of rail transit station platform","authors":"Jin Jian, Xiao Liang","doi":"10.1117/12.2657859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657859","url":null,"abstract":"In order to grasp the actual congestion level, travel safety and improve the management level of urban rail transit station, and study the analysis method of platform passenger congestion, this paper uses video technology to obtain the location distribution of passengers at Xi’dan station of Beijing Metro, and studies the distribution process and law of waiting passengers. Firstly, the individual and group behaviors of passengers on the platform are studied, and the actual distribution of passengers in a waiting period is selected to facilitate the division of the platform area; Based on the clustering analysis of density, Density-based clustering analysis (DBSCAN) algorithm can cluster the distribution data of passengers on the platform to realize the density division of the data set, which can effectively solve the clustering problem of the data set with uneven density distribution. Through the visualization of clustering results, it can reflect the aggregation and distribution characteristics of passenger group behavior to a certain extent.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128447929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Zhao, Mingrui Du, Zhihui Chen, Xaioming Li, Yingli Wang
The polymer grouting material (PU) has been increasingly used in trenchless repair of concrete pipes and roadbeds. Investigating the mechanical behavior of the PU-concrete (P-C) contact surfaces provides a basis for further evaluating the stability of the reinforced concrete structures, which, however, has not been conducted yet. In this study, based on the shear testing results, the mechanical properties and cracking characteristics of the P-C contact surfaces were investigated, followed by establishing the damage model. Results show that the cohesion force of the P-C contact surface increases from 0.42 MPa to 1.44 MPa when the density of the PU materials increases, and there exists residual strength when normal stress is applied. The shear failure of the P-C contact surface is caused by the shearing zone, of which the thickness is about 9-10 mm. The theoretical shear stress-strain curves of the P-C contact surfaces are in good agreement with the experimental ones. The maximum relative difference between the theoretical and experimental shear strength is about 4.2%, implying that the damage model can reflect the stress-strain laws of the P-C contact surfaces under shear.
{"title":"Study on the shearing mechanical behavior and damage model of the polymer grouting material-concrete contact surface","authors":"P. Zhao, Mingrui Du, Zhihui Chen, Xaioming Li, Yingli Wang","doi":"10.1117/12.2657847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657847","url":null,"abstract":"The polymer grouting material (PU) has been increasingly used in trenchless repair of concrete pipes and roadbeds. Investigating the mechanical behavior of the PU-concrete (P-C) contact surfaces provides a basis for further evaluating the stability of the reinforced concrete structures, which, however, has not been conducted yet. In this study, based on the shear testing results, the mechanical properties and cracking characteristics of the P-C contact surfaces were investigated, followed by establishing the damage model. Results show that the cohesion force of the P-C contact surface increases from 0.42 MPa to 1.44 MPa when the density of the PU materials increases, and there exists residual strength when normal stress is applied. The shear failure of the P-C contact surface is caused by the shearing zone, of which the thickness is about 9-10 mm. The theoretical shear stress-strain curves of the P-C contact surfaces are in good agreement with the experimental ones. The maximum relative difference between the theoretical and experimental shear strength is about 4.2%, implying that the damage model can reflect the stress-strain laws of the P-C contact surfaces under shear.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117285591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Through the application of building information modeling (BIM) technology in the Xiaowan Interchange project, this paper reviewed the idea and the correct process of the establishment of the whole complex municipal interchange BIM model in detail, studied the technology application of earthwork adjustment, collision detection, visual distance detection and headroom detection based on BIM technology, and finally tried BIM mapping and VR display. The research shows that the application of BIM technology in the design of municipal interchange can effectively optimize the linear shape, longitudinal section, structure, and position of the intersection; and the use of the BIM model to carry out a statistical review of engineering quantities and 3D mapping can improve the quality of design documents and express the design intention with a better visualization.
{"title":"Application of building information modeling technology in the design phase of municipal interchange project","authors":"You Zhou, Zhoucong Xu, Jie-Ming Wu, Quanlei Wang, Haifeng Zhang, Haonan Zhou","doi":"10.1117/12.2657814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657814","url":null,"abstract":"Through the application of building information modeling (BIM) technology in the Xiaowan Interchange project, this paper reviewed the idea and the correct process of the establishment of the whole complex municipal interchange BIM model in detail, studied the technology application of earthwork adjustment, collision detection, visual distance detection and headroom detection based on BIM technology, and finally tried BIM mapping and VR display. The research shows that the application of BIM technology in the design of municipal interchange can effectively optimize the linear shape, longitudinal section, structure, and position of the intersection; and the use of the BIM model to carry out a statistical review of engineering quantities and 3D mapping can improve the quality of design documents and express the design intention with a better visualization.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115779118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Under the new situation, strengthening architectural design and urban planning and design can effectively improve the effect of urban construction, promote the continuous development of the city and improve the potential value of the design scheme. It is precisely because of this factor that the current research needs to reasonably control the design scheme in combination with the current situation, so as to improve the overall effect of architectural design and effectively enhance the vitality of urban development. From the perspective of risk assessment, this study uses the grey clustering algorithm to verify the scientificity of the method. The experiment shows that the grey clustering method has a good effect on the scientific evaluation of architectural design.
{"title":"Research on evaluation method of architectural design based on grey clustering","authors":"Ying Xu","doi":"10.1117/12.2657820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657820","url":null,"abstract":"Under the new situation, strengthening architectural design and urban planning and design can effectively improve the effect of urban construction, promote the continuous development of the city and improve the potential value of the design scheme. It is precisely because of this factor that the current research needs to reasonably control the design scheme in combination with the current situation, so as to improve the overall effect of architectural design and effectively enhance the vitality of urban development. From the perspective of risk assessment, this study uses the grey clustering algorithm to verify the scientificity of the method. The experiment shows that the grey clustering method has a good effect on the scientific evaluation of architectural design.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"438 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116279181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The suburban railway adopts the mode of combined operation of express and local trains, which can solve the problems of uneven temporal and spatial distribution of passenger flow, meet the diversified needs of passengers, improve transportation efficiency and reduce operating costs. By analyzing and summarizing the passenger flow characteristics and transportation demand of suburban railway, aiming at minimizing the total travel time of passengers and enterprise operating cost, a nonlinear optimization model of suburban railway operation scheme is established. Considering the influence factors such as minimum tracking interval constraint and cross-sectional passenger flow constraint and completes the solution of the model by Lingo. The optimization results after running express and local trains show that the total travel time of passengers is reduced by about 97 minutes, and the enterprise operating cost is reduced by 30%, which proves that the proposed model is efficient and feasible.
{"title":"Study on optimization of suburban railway operation scheme","authors":"Zhiying Tu, Yong Ding","doi":"10.1117/12.2657824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2657824","url":null,"abstract":"The suburban railway adopts the mode of combined operation of express and local trains, which can solve the problems of uneven temporal and spatial distribution of passenger flow, meet the diversified needs of passengers, improve transportation efficiency and reduce operating costs. By analyzing and summarizing the passenger flow characteristics and transportation demand of suburban railway, aiming at minimizing the total travel time of passengers and enterprise operating cost, a nonlinear optimization model of suburban railway operation scheme is established. Considering the influence factors such as minimum tracking interval constraint and cross-sectional passenger flow constraint and completes the solution of the model by Lingo. The optimization results after running express and local trains show that the total travel time of passengers is reduced by about 97 minutes, and the enterprise operating cost is reduced by 30%, which proves that the proposed model is efficient and feasible.","PeriodicalId":212840,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127239952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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