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PRINOS ZRNA, VISINA BILJKE I OTPORNOST NA POLEGANJE LINIJA PŠENICE 2022ЗБОРНИК БИОДИВЕРЗИТЕТ
Milomirka Madić, Dragan Đurović, A. Paunović, Vladeta Stevović, D. Tomić
On the experimental field of the Center for Small Grains in Kragujevac in the two growing seasons 2018/19 and 2019/20. it was analyzed plant height, lodging resistance and grain yield of 10 genotypes of winter wheat (L-25/6, L-56/98, L- 56/7, L-63/7, L-49 / 4, L-23/24, L-246/2, L-191 / 5-9, L-191 / 5-4 and L-36-2). The average annual temperature and precipitation in both growing seasons were above the multi-year average. The highest average yield during two years had the line L-191 / 5-9 (6,485 t ha-1), then L-246/2 (6,415 t ha-1), and the lowest line L- 63/7 (5,846 t ha -1). Wheat genotypes differed in plant height, so the L-23/24 line had the highest value for this trait in both growing seasons, and the L-25/6 the lowest. In the first vegetation season, a slightly higher plant height ranged from 76 cm to 96 cm, and in the second from 72 cm to 90 cm. All genotypes had good lodging resistance in optimum environments.
2018/19和2019/20两个生长季在克拉古耶瓦茨小粮食中心实验田的研究对10个冬小麦基因型(L-25/6、L-56/98、L- 56/7、L-63/7、L-49 / 4、L-23/24、L-246/2、L-191 / 5-9、L-191 / 5-4和L-36-2)的株高、抗倒伏性和籽粒产量进行了分析。两个生长期的年平均气温和降水量均高于多年平均水平。两年平均产量最高的品系为L-191 / 5-9 (6485 t ha-1),其次为L-246/2 (6415 t ha-1),最低的品系为L- 63/7 (5846 t ha-1)。小麦基因型在株高上存在差异,因此L-23/24系在两个生长季节的株高值最高,L-25/6系最低。第一植被季株高略高,为76 ~ 96 cm,第二植被季株高为72 ~ 90 cm。所有基因型在最佳环境下均具有良好的抗倒伏性。
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引用次数: 0
BIOAKTIVNOST ACETONSKIH EKSTRAKATA VRSTA HERICIUM CLATHROIDES I AURICULARIA MESENTERICA
Marijana Kosanić, Aleksandra Vesić, Nevena Petrović
Hericium clathroides and Auricularia mesenterica present insufficiently studied species of fungi in the subphylum Basidiomycotina. In this manuscript we have explored the bioactivity of their acetonic extracts. We determined the antimicrobial and antioxidative activities in vitro, as well as the total phenolic and flavonoid content of extracts. Our results indicate that the tested species of fungi possess relatively good antimicrobial and antioxidative properties, which opens the way for further research and potential application of these species for biomedical purposes.
在担子菌亚门中,黑猴头菌和肠系膜黑木耳存在研究不足的真菌种类。在这篇论文中,我们探讨了它们的丙酮提取物的生物活性。测定了其体外抗菌和抗氧化活性,以及总酚和总黄酮含量。我们的研究结果表明,所测试的真菌种类具有相对较好的抗菌和抗氧化性能,这为进一步研究和潜在的生物医学应用开辟了道路。
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引用次数: 0
QUALITATIVE MODELING OF THE EFFECT OF PROBIOTICS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICROFLORA „IN-VITRO“ 益生菌对“体外”菌群发育影响的定性建模
A. Lukyanov, M. Mazanko, K. I. Boldareva, Tatiana S. Onoiko
The results of a qualitative assessment of the growth dynamics of the microbiota of domestic animals and birds under the influence of probiotic preparations are presented. Seven strains of microorganisms and 14 types of probiotics or their combinations are considered. Polynomial models showed a low quality of approximation of the results. Dynamic models of the first and second orders, taking into account external influences, showed good qualitative agreement with the experimental results. Based on the modeling, several scenarios of the influence of probiotics have been identified: stimulation, suppression, etc. To obtain a quantitative agreement, it is necessary to increase the number of measurements.
本文介绍了在益生菌制剂影响下家畜和鸟类微生物群生长动态的定性评估结果。考虑了7株微生物和14种益生菌或其组合。多项式模型对结果的近似质量较低。考虑外部影响的一、二级动态模型与实验结果定性一致。基于该模型,确定了益生菌影响的几种情况:刺激,抑制等。为了获得定量的一致,有必要增加测量的次数。
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引用次数: 0
PROCENA AKTIVNE REZERVE SEMENA KOROVSKIH BILJAKA U ZEMLJIŠTU
Markola Saulić, Ivica Đalović, Dragana Božić, Sava Vrbničanin
Knowledge and understanding of the size and composition of soil weed seed reserves can help in planning a successful and timely weed control strategy and assessing the dynamics of weed emergence. It is very important to have an insight into what percentage of the latent plant community will pass into the active community. The seedling emregence method gives the number and structure of seeds that have passed the dormancy phase. It was determined that in the monoculture of soybean 24.9% of seeds are ready to germinate out of the total estimated weed seed bank, while in the three-field crop rotation 23.61% of seed. The largest number of germinated seeds comes from the weed species Chenopodium albumand Chenopodium hybridum.
认识和了解土壤杂草种子储备的大小和组成有助于制定成功和及时的杂草控制策略,并评估杂草的发生动态。了解潜伏植物群落进入活跃群落的百分比是非常重要的。幼苗涌现法给出了通过休眠阶段的种子的数量和结构。结果表明,单作大豆种子库中有24.9%的种子准备发芽,三田轮作大豆种子库中有23.61%的种子准备发芽。发芽种子数量最多的是藜科植物白藜和藜科植物杂花。
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引用次数: 0
FIZIOLOŠKE KARAKTERISTIKE RASTENJA PŠENICE (Triticum aestivum L.) U USLOVIMA IN VITRO FIZIOLOŠKE KARAKTERISTIKE RASTENJA PŠENICE(小麦)体外培养的uuslovima
Jovana Momčilović, Dragan Jakovljević, Milica Kanjevac, Biljana Bojović
This study aimed to examine the effect of different media - Murashige Skoog (MS) and Gamborg (B5) on the growth and development of in vitro seedling cultures of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The effects were evaluated through the measurement of root and shoot length, fresh and dry mass, as well as through the determination of the concentration of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids). The obtained data indicate that MS has better effects on the growth and development of wheat seedlings, since longer shoot length, and better fresh weight were observed on seedlings from this type of media. Additionally, higher chlorophyll b concentration and lower carotenoid concentration were measured in wheat leaves grown on MS medium. It can be concluded that MS is more suitable for establishing the initial in vitro culture of wheat compared to the B5 medium.
本研究旨在探讨不同培养基- Murashige Skoog (MS)和Gamborg (B5)对小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)离体苗生长发育的影响。通过测量根和茎长、鲜质量和干质量以及测定光合色素(叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素)的浓度来评价其效果。所获得的数据表明,MS对小麦幼苗的生长发育有更好的影响,因为这种培养基的幼苗的茎长更长,鲜重更好。此外,MS培养基上的小麦叶片叶绿素b浓度较高,类胡萝卜素浓度较低。综上所述,与B5培养基相比,MS更适合建立小麦的初始离体培养。
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引用次数: 0
UTICAJ INOKULACIJE NA KVALITET FERMENTACIJE I HEMIJSKI SASTAV SILAŽE LUCERKE
Đ. Lazarević, Vladeta Stevović, J. Radović, D. Tomić, J. Marković, Mladen Prijović, V. Zornić
In order to assess the impact of the inoculant "BioStabil Plus" on the ensiling process of alfalfa, the parameters of fermentation quality were analyzed (pH, acetic, butyric, lactic acid, ammonia and water-soluble nitrogen in total nitrogen) and chemical composition of silage (crude protein, crude cellulose, crude fats, nitrogen-free extractives and ash), as well as silage quality assessment (DLG and Zelter). Alfalfa biomass in the beginning of flowering phase was ensiled without additives and with the addition of inoculant. The addition of inoculant showed a decrease in pH, increased production of lactic acid, reduced production of acetic acid, with a favorable ratio of these acids (2-3: 1). The introduction of inoculants resulted in improved fermentation quality, which resulted in better preservation of nutrients, especially for crude proteins, since the use of inoculants also showed a decrease in ammonia nitrogen content compared to control (inoculation - 12.28% NH3-N/ΣN, control - 17.42% NH3-N/ΣN). The general conclusion is that inoculant should be added to alfalfa biomass, for the purpose of optimal production of lactic and acetic acid, as well as obtaining higher nutritional value.
为了评价接种剂“BioStabil Plus”对紫花苜蓿青贮过程的影响,分析了发酵品质参数(pH、乙酸、丁酸、乳酸、氨和总氮中水溶性氮)和青贮化学成分(粗蛋白质、粗纤维素、粗脂肪、无氮提取物和灰分),以及青贮品质评价指标(DLG和Zelter)。对开花初期的苜蓿生物量进行了不添加添加剂和添加接种剂的青贮处理。接种剂的加入降低了发酵的pH值,增加了乳酸的产量,减少了乙酸的产量,且这些酸的比例为2- 3:1。接种剂的加入提高了发酵质量,从而更好地保存了营养物质,特别是粗蛋白质,因为与对照(接种12.28% NH3-N/ΣN,对照17.42% NH3-N/ΣN)相比,接种剂的使用也降低了氨氮含量。综上所述,应在苜蓿生物量中添加接种剂,以获得最佳的乳酸和乙酸产量,并获得更高的营养价值。
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引用次数: 0
PARAMETRI PLODNOST ZEMLJIŠTA U FUNKCIJI TIPA ZEMLJIŠTA NA TERITORIJI GRADA PANČEVA 2022ЗБОРНИК БИОДИВЕРЗИТЕТ
Helena Majstorović, Bogdan Garalejić, M. Sudimac, M. Pavlović, V. Čolović
Soil fertility is one of basic caracterisitics of every soil tipe and it is a feature that differentiate soil from bedrock. For determination of soil fertility various physiochemical methods are used, primarily for the purpose of applying soil fertilizers in plant nutrition. In this sense, the following parameters of soil fertility were tested in soil samples: pH in potassium-chloride (KCl), CaCO3, humus, total nitrogen, P2O5, K2O. The results of the research showed high soil fertility in a large number of locations that were surveyed, but also the existence of surveyed sites that require the application of pedomeliorative measures.
土壤肥力是各种土壤类型的基本特征之一,是区分土壤与基岩的一个特征。为了测定土壤肥力,使用了各种物理化学方法,主要是为了在植物营养中施用土壤肥料。因此,在土壤样品中测试了以下土壤肥力参数:氯化钾(KCl)、CaCO3、腐殖质、总氮、P2O5、K2O中的pH。研究结果表明,在大量被调查的地点,土壤肥力很高,但也存在需要采取土壤改良措施的被调查地点。
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引用次数: 0
HLADNO PRESOVANА ULJA TIKVE I ORAHA
Mira Radovanović, D. Tomić, Vesna Đurović, Miloš Marjanović, Radmila Ilić, Vera Katanić
The aim of this study was to analyze the properties of cold pressed pumpkin and walnut oil. Pumpkin and walnut are plant crops that have a long tradition of cultivation in Serbia, but are insufficiently used for oil production. Cold pressed oils have a high nutritional and market value. The production of cold-pressed oils is more environmentally friendly, simpler, and the oils retain important nutrients, compared to producing oils by extraction and refining. Pumpkin seed oil is characterized by a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to the content of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids. The dominant fatty acid is oleic or linoleic. Oils with a higher proportion of oleic acid are more oxidatively stable. Specifically, pumpkin oil is dominated by the presence of ∆7 sterols, unlike other vegetable oils. Walnut oil is dominated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, with a significant amount of C18:3, which makes it sensitive to oxidation. The oxidative stability of walnut oil is correlated with a decrease in the content of C18:3 fatty acids. The chemical composition of the oil varies significantly depending on the variety and growing conditions in both pumpkin and walnuts. then there is a potential in the determination of suitable genotypes with oil of greater oxidative stability.
本研究的目的是分析冷榨南瓜和核桃油的性质。南瓜和核桃在塞尔维亚有着悠久的种植传统,但在石油生产中使用不足。冷榨油具有很高的营养价值和市场价值。冷榨油的生产更环保,更简单,与提取和精炼生产油相比,油保留了重要的营养成分。南瓜籽油的特点是与单不饱和脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸含量相比,多不饱和脂肪酸含量高。主要的脂肪酸是油酸或亚油酸。油酸含量越高的油的氧化稳定性越好。具体来说,与其他植物油不同,南瓜油主要由∆7甾醇存在。核桃油以多不饱和脂肪酸为主,含有大量的C18:3,这使得它对氧化很敏感。核桃油的氧化稳定性与C18:3脂肪酸含量的降低有关。根据南瓜和核桃的品种和生长条件,油的化学成分有很大的不同。因此,有可能确定具有更大氧化稳定性的油的合适基因型。
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引用次数: 0
CHARACTERISTICS OF OCTADECYLAMINE-STABILIZED LIPOSOMES CONTAINING SOY PROTEIN HYDROLYSATES 含有大豆蛋白水解物的十八胺稳定脂质体的特性
Neda Pavlović, Jelena Mijalković, Verica B. Đorđević, B. Bugarski, Zorica D. Knežević Jugović
Liposomes have been researched as carriers for encapsulation of bioactive protein hydrolysate, despite low stability which makes them difficult to use. Using cholesterol or octadecylamine as lipid membrane stabilizers, soy protein hydrolysate is effectively encapsulated in liposomes created with phospholipon. Presence of both stabilizers concurrently resulted the highest efficiency 49.7%, while increasing the phospholipon mass had no effect. Particle size was raised (265 to 335 nm) as a result of the octadecylamine addition, and zeta potential was positive (36.7 mV), as compared to the cholesterol addition (-25.1 mV). Liposomes enabled extended hydrolysate release with retained its bioactivity.
脂质体作为生物活性蛋白水解产物的包封载体已被研究,尽管其稳定性较低,使其难以使用。使用胆固醇或十八乙胺作为脂质膜稳定剂,大豆蛋白水解物被有效地包裹在由磷脂产生的脂质体中。两种稳定剂同时存在时,效率最高(49.7%),而增加磷脂质量则没有效果。与胆固醇添加量(-25.1 mV)相比,十八胺添加量提高了颗粒尺寸(265 ~ 335 nm), zeta电位为正(36.7 mV)。脂质体可以延长水解产物的释放时间,同时保持其生物活性。
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引用次数: 0
FIZIČKE OSOBINE PLODA SORTI TREŠNJE NA PODLOZI GISELA
Nedim Badžak, M. Radović, J. Aliman, Mirko Kulina, J. Hasanbegović, Aleksandra Šupljeglav Jukić
The physical properties of three sweet cherry cultivars grafted on Gisela 6 rootstock were studied in agroecological conditions of Blagaj, Herzegovina (southern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina), during a period of two years (2020‒2021). The research included fruit and stone weight, flesh ratio, stalk length, fruit dimensions and fruit shape index) of Early Lory, Regina and Kordia cultivars. The fruits of the cultivar Kordia had the highest fruit and stone weight, flesh ratio, stalk length, fruit width as well as fruit shape index. The cultivar Early Lory had the highest fruit width and thickness. Based on the results, the cultivar Kordia showed the best results of physical properties of the fruit compared to the cultivar Early Lory and Regina.
在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那南部Blagaj的农业生态条件下(2020-2021年),研究了嫁接在吉塞拉6号砧木上的3个甜樱桃品种的物理特性。研究了早期Lory、Regina和Kordia品种的果核质量、果肉比、茎长、果实尺寸和果实形状指数。果核质量、果肉比、果柄长、果实宽度和果实形状指数均最高。品种Early Lory果实宽度和厚度最高。结果表明,与早期Lory和Regina品种相比,Kordia品种的果实物理特性表现最好。
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引用次数: 0
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Zbornik radova / XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem
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