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Peculiarities of amplitude and phase spectra of semiconductor structures in THz frequency range 太赫兹频率范围内半导体结构幅相谱的特性
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.02.121
Yu. M. Lyaschuk, V. Korotyeyev, V. Kochelap
We have reviewed main peculiarities of amplitude and phase transmission/reflection spectra of different model semiconductor structures, including bare dielectric substrate, thin conductive layer placed between two dielectric media, thin conductive layer on dielectric substrate and hybrid plasmonic structures with thin conductive layer under metallic grating. The analysis has been performed using the analytical expressions obtained as a result of solving the Maxwell equations at normal incidence of plane electromagnetic waves. We have shown that specific behavior of the amplitude and phase spectra in THz frequency range can be used to determine basic electric parameters of electron gas, including electron concentration and electron mobility, in the framework of advanced THz time-domain measurements. Finally, we proposed efficient, electrically-controllable THz phase modulator based on effect of two-dimensional plasmon resonances in hybrid plasmonic structure with a spatially modulated electron concentration in a thin conductive layer.
本文综述了不同类型半导体结构的振幅和相位透射/反射光谱的主要特点,包括裸介质基板、放置在两种介质介质之间的薄导电层、介质基板上的薄导电层和金属光栅下具有薄导电层的混合等离子体结构。利用求解平面电磁波法向入射麦克斯韦方程组得到的解析表达式进行了分析。我们已经证明,在先进的太赫兹时域测量框架下,在太赫兹频率范围内的振幅和相位谱的特定行为可以用来确定电子气体的基本电参数,包括电子浓度和电子迁移率。最后,我们提出了一种高效的、电可控的太赫兹相位调制器,该调制器基于混合等离子体结构中二维等离子体共振的影响,并在薄导电层中空间调制电子浓度。
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引用次数: 2
EPR study of self-organized magnetic nanoparticles in biomaterials 生物材料中自组织磁性纳米颗粒的EPR研究
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.02.146
T. Kavetskyy, V. Soloviev, R. Khalilov, V. Serezhenkov, L. Pan’kiv, I. Pan’kiv, A. Nasibova, V.I. Stakhiv, A. Ivasivka, M. Starchevskyy, Y. Pavlovskyy, Y.V. Bondaruk, D.A. Dyachok, L. Bodnar, S. Voloshanska
An innovative approach based on the effect of bio-mineralization as a response reaction of cells to decrease their damage under stress was applied to Juniperus communis (JC) and JC-based biomaterials (Nefrovil and Immunostan drugs with properties increasing the antioxidant activity and improving the immune system of human organism, respectively). Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), also called electron spin resonance (ESR), was used as the main experimental tool for detecting paramagnetic species resulted from the existence of antioxidant activity system, represented by superoxide dismutase with manganese, catalase etc., as well as formation of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). The influence of temperature and microwave power on the intensity of EPR signals detected in JC, Nefrovil and Immunostan was examined. Obtained g-factor values of EPR signals from JC shell and seeds as well as from Nefrovil and Immunostan were attributed to the paramagnetic species of Mn (g = 2.0), Fe3O4 SPIONs (g = 2.17…2.60), Fe aggregates (g = 3.22…3.94) and Fe3+ ions (g = 4.3). The EPR signals from SPIONs and Fe3+ ions in Immunostan were found to be fully correlated, showing an additional experimental evidence of the bio-mineralization effect (i.e., transformation of Fe3+ ions to Fe3O4 SPIONs). The results of the EPR study of Fe3O4 SPIONs incorporated into polymer matrix were taken into account in comparative analysis. The results reported in the present work support well self-organization of magnetic nanoparticles in the investigated biomaterials.
将生物矿化作用作为细胞在应激条件下减少损伤的一种应答反应,应用于杜松(Juniperus communis, JC)及其基生物材料(Nefrovil和Immunostan药物,分别具有提高人体机体抗氧化活性和改善免疫系统的特性)。电子顺磁共振波谱(EPR),又称电子自旋共振(ESR),作为主要的实验工具,用于检测以与锰的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶等为代表的抗氧化活性体系的存在所产生的顺磁性物质,以及超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒(SPIONs)的形成。观察温度和微波功率对JC、Nefrovil和Immunostan EPR信号强度的影响。从JC壳和种子以及Nefrovil和Immunostan中获得的EPR信号的g因子值归因于Mn (g = 2.0)、Fe3O4 SPIONs (g = 2.17…2.60)、Fe团聚体(g = 3.22…3.94)和Fe3+离子(g = 4.3)的顺磁性。SPIONs和Fe3+离子在免疫stan中的EPR信号完全相关,为生物矿化效应(即Fe3+离子转化为Fe3O4 SPIONs)提供了额外的实验证据。结合Fe3O4 SPIONs掺入聚合物基体的EPR研究结果进行对比分析。本研究的结果支持磁性纳米颗粒在所研究的生物材料中的自组织。
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引用次数: 1
Comparison of features arising in phonon spectra of crystals belonging to the argyrodite family for various combinations of orbits filled with Ag (Cu) atoms 银晶族晶体在银(铜)原子轨道的不同组合下声子光谱特征的比较
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.01.043
I. Nebola, A. Katanytsia, I. Shkyrta, Yurii O. Pal, I. Studenyak, M. Timko, P. Kopčanský
The paper is devoted to model phonon spectra calculations of argyrodite family crystals, namely: Ag7GeSe5I and Cu7GeSe5I (Ag7SiS5I and Cu7SiS5I). The specificity of the crystalline structure of these crystals is realization of variable partial populating different crystallographic orbits with Cu, I and Ag atoms (in 24 (g) and 48 (h) Positions Multiplicity, Wyckoff letter, Site symmetry of the space group ), which are associated with high superionic conductivity in crystals of this family. Compared in this paper are model phonon spectra calculated with account of three different configurations of orbital populations with Cu and Ag atoms (6 + 1, 5 + 2 and 4 + 3), by choosing the same lattice model for the unit cell and the set of force constants of each crystal. The calculations were performed by finding the eigenvalues of the generalized dynamic matrix perturbed by the modulation function of the mass defect obtained in the concept over spatial symmetry. It is shown that the phonon spectra do not undergo significant qualitative changes, which can serve as indirect evidence of the possibility to realize the jumping mechanism of super-ionic conductivity in these crystals in the high-temperature phase.
本文致力于银辉石家族晶体Ag7GeSe5I和Cu7GeSe5I (Ag7SiS5I和Cu7SiS5I)的模型声子谱计算。晶体结构的特殊性在于Cu、I和Ag原子(在24 (g)和48 (h)位置上的多重性、Wyckoff字母、空间群的位对称)在不同的晶体轨道上实现了可变部分填充,这与该家族晶体的高超离子导电性有关。本文比较了铜和银原子(6 + 1、5 + 2和4 + 3)轨道居群的三种不同构型下,采用相同的晶格模型和各晶体的力常数,计算出的声子谱模型。计算是通过求由空间对称概念中得到的质量缺陷调制函数扰动的广义动力矩阵的特征值来完成的。结果表明,声子谱没有发生明显的质变,这可以间接证明这些晶体在高温相中有可能实现超离子电导率的跳跃机制。
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引用次数: 0
Silicon nanowire arrays synthesized using the modified MACE process: Integration into chemical sensors and solar cells 利用改进的MACE工艺合成硅纳米线阵列:集成到化学传感器和太阳能电池中
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.01.058
M. Dusheiko, V. Koval, T. Obukhova
In this work, the influence of the technological process for metal-assisted chemical etching on surface morphology and electrophysical properties of obtained nanostructures has been investigated. It has been demonstrated that the obtained structures with a high aspect ratio could be used both in sensors and solar cells. It has been shown that application of the metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) process enables to significantly improve the short-circuit current density in silicon solar cells (up to 29 mA/cm2). Also, the possibility of detection of hydrogen peroxide and glucose (via enzymatic reaction) by resistor-like sensors with nanostructured silicon as the sensitive area has been demonstrated with the sensitivity up to 2.5…2.75 mA/V•%.
在这项工作中,研究了金属辅助化学蚀刻工艺对所得纳米结构表面形貌和电物理性质的影响。结果表明,所获得的高纵横比结构既可用于传感器,也可用于太阳能电池。研究表明,应用金属辅助化学蚀刻(MACE)工艺可以显著提高硅太阳能电池的短路电流密度(高达29 mA/cm2)。此外,用纳米结构硅作为敏感区域的电阻状传感器检测过氧化氢和葡萄糖(通过酶反应)的可能性已经被证明,灵敏度高达2.5…2.75 mA/V•%。
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引用次数: 2
Experimental researches of dynamic spectral processing of optical radiation in the active electro-optical system 主动式光电系统中光辐射动态光谱处理的实验研究
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.01.090
L. Kupchenko, A. S. Rybiak, О.А. Goorin, O. Biesova
The process of dynamic spectral processing of optical radiation in the active electro-optical system that provides enhancement of the contrast of the image target has been experimentally researched. A routine of experiment and a diagram of an experimental setup have been developed. The sources of optical radiation in the transmitting part of the active electro-optical system were three semiconductor lasers operating in the ranges of the red, green, and blue spectral regions. Absorption optical filters were used in the experiment as the elements simulating the spectral properties of the reflecting surfaces of the target and the background. To enhance the contrast of the target image, the spectral composition of the laser radiation is formed to provide maximum suppression of the background signal with minimum attenuation of the optical signal of the object. When forming the spectral density of the laser radiation intensity, a priori information about the spectral characteristics of the target and the background has been used. The results obtained in the course of the experiment confirm the possibility to separate the target signal from the background interferences due to using the dynamic spectral processing of optical radiation in the active electro-optical system.
实验研究了主动光电系统中光辐射的动态光谱处理过程,以增强图像目标的对比度。编制了实验程序和实验装置示意图。主动式电光系统发射部分的光辐射源是在红、绿、蓝光谱范围内工作的三个半导体激光器。实验采用吸收滤光片作为模拟目标和背景反射面光谱特性的元件。为了增强目标图像的对比度,形成激光辐射的光谱组成,对背景信号进行最大程度的抑制,对目标光信号进行最小程度的衰减。在形成激光辐射强度的光谱密度时,利用了目标和背景光谱特性的先验信息。实验结果证实了在有源电光系统中采用光辐射动态光谱处理可以将目标信号从背景干扰中分离出来。
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引用次数: 0
Photoluminescence of melanin-based nanocomposites with fullerene derivative 含富勒烯衍生物的黑色素基纳米复合材料的光致发光研究
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.01.049
A. Kostetskyi, Y. Piryatinski, A. Verbitsky, P. Lutsyk, A. Rozhin
This paper presents the study of the photoluminescent properties of molecular compositions consisting of melanin and an electron-acceptor material – fullerene derivative, [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). These molecular compositions have not been studied well and are promising for molecular electronics of natural materials, in particular, for organic solar cells. The novelty of this work relates to the study of photoluminescence spectra obtained for these molecular compositions and nanocomposites in various solvents (chloroform, acetonitrile, and toluene) as well as in a polystyrene matrix; these studies were carried out at various, in particular, liquid helium (4.2 K), temperatures. The obtained results allowed us to ascertain mechanisms of the state of aggregation and donor-acceptor interaction between melanin and PCBM.
本文研究了由黑色素和电子受体材料-富勒烯衍生物[6,6]-苯基C61丁酸甲酯(PCBM)组成的分子组合物的光致发光性质。这些分子组成尚未得到很好的研究,但在天然材料,特别是有机太阳能电池的分子电子学方面很有前景。这项工作的新颖之处在于研究这些分子组成物和纳米复合材料在各种溶剂(氯仿、乙腈和甲苯)以及聚苯乙烯基体中的光致发光光谱;这些研究是在不同的温度下进行的,特别是在液氦(4.2 K)的温度下。获得的结果使我们能够确定黑色素和PCBM之间聚集状态和供体-受体相互作用的机制。
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引用次数: 0
The silicon model photonic structure for a full-function thermal photodetector 全功能热光电探测器的硅模型光子结构
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.01.108
K. Andrieieva, L. Karachevtseva, K. P. Konin, A. Liptuga, O. Lytvynenko, D. V. Morozovska
The out-of-plane optical properties of a combined one-two-dimensional comb-type photonic structure based on macroporous silicon under illumination with polarized normally incident light have been experimentally investigated. Technologically simple quasi-periodic structure with parallel air grooves in the form of mutually overlapping macropores (i.e., one-dimensional air/Si type structure) together with macropores arbitrarily distributed over the crystal surface (two-dimensional air/Si structure) was studied in comparison with the calculated one-dimensional periodic metal lattice on silicon. It is shown that this combined air/Si photonic structure has significant polarization selectivity and can serve as a basis for developing the full-function out-of-plane thermal photodetector on macroporous silicon.
实验研究了大孔硅复合一维梳型光子结构在偏振光照射下的面外光学特性。研究了具有相互重叠的大孔(即一维空气/硅型结构)和任意分布在晶体表面的大孔(二维空气/硅结构)形式的平行空气槽的技术简单准周期结构,并与硅上计算的一维周期性金属晶格进行了比较。结果表明,这种空气/硅复合光子结构具有明显的极化选择性,可作为开发大孔硅上全功能面外热探测器的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Small signal analysis of an infrared imaging device based on equivalent circuit model 基于等效电路模型的红外成像器件小信号分析
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.01.083
S. Eladl, M. H. Saad
This paper presents an analytical model of an infrared thermal imaging device. This device is composed of a Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector (QWIP), a Heterojunction Bipolar transistor (HBT) and a Light Emitting Diode (LED). It is called as QWIP-HBT-LED Optoelectronic Integrated Device. The device is modeled based on its equivalent circuit by considering a nonlinear gain HBT, early effect. Analytical expressions describing the current time response, rise time, and output derivative as a measure of device speed have been derived. The numerical results show that the transient performance of this device version is enhanced by the injected current from QWIP to the base of HBT, also the output current is increased with the increase of the gain and early coefficient of HBT, on the other hand, it degrades when the base recombination factor of HBT or the load resistance is increased. Also, the rise time increases when the current gain or the early coefficient is increased. This type of models can be exploited as a pixel in thermal image processing applications.
提出了一种红外热成像装置的解析模型。该器件由量子阱红外光电探测器(QWIP)、异质结双极晶体管(HBT)和发光二极管(LED)组成。它被称为QWIP-HBT-LED光电集成器件。在等效电路的基础上,考虑了非线性增益HBT、早期效应,对器件进行了建模。解析表达式描述了电流时间响应,上升时间,和输出导数作为器件速度的量度已被导出。数值计算结果表明,从QWIP注入到HBT基极的电流增强了该器件的瞬态性能,输出电流随着HBT增益和早期系数的增大而增大,而随着HBT基极复合系数或负载电阻的增大而降低。当电流增益或早期系数增加时,上升时间也随之增加。这种类型的模型可以在热图像处理应用中用作像素。
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引用次数: 0
Optical space communication. Review 光空间通信。审查
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.01.068
M. Kulish, М. Malysh
Features of information exchange between satellites and satellites with ground stations and in the opposite direction are considered. The influence of such atmospheric factors as fog, rain, snow, atmospheric turbulence, background noise, and sky glow on the quality of information signals is analyzed. The expediency of using transmitter frequencies, which lie in the area of windows of the Earth transparency and are in the infrared region of the spectrum, has been established. In particular, generators of such frequencies in the near-infrared region can be InGaAs laser diodes, which are light in the region of about 1550 nm, and in the far-infrared region – cascade lasers, which are able to generate radiation in the range of 3.5 to 24 μm. InGaAs photodiodes and HgCdTe detectors should be used as receivers of the mentioned frequencies.
考虑了卫星间、卫星与地面站间和卫星反方向信息交换的特点。分析了雾、雨、雪、大气湍流、背景噪声、天空辉光等大气因素对信息信号质量的影响。利用发射频率的方便性已经确立,发射频率位于地球透明窗口区域,并且在光谱的红外区域。特别是,在近红外区域,这种频率的发生器可以是InGaAs激光二极管,它在大约1550 nm的区域发出光,在远红外区域-级联激光器,它能够产生3.5到24 μm的辐射。应使用InGaAs光电二极管和HgCdTe探测器作为上述频率的接收器。
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引用次数: 0
Super powerful LED luminaires with a high color rendering index for lighting systems with combined electric power supply 大功率LED灯具,高显色指数,适用于组合电源照明系统
Pub Date : 2022-03-24 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo25.01.097
D. Pekur, Y. Kolomzarov, V. Sorokin, Yu. E. Nikolaenko
Considered in this paper are development and creation of high-power LED luminaires with high light efficiency and color rendering index (CRI). As light sources, there used are 6 powerful LED СОВ (Chip-on-Board) modules CreeCXA 2550, the radiation of which contains quasi-chromatic peaks in the spectral range 600…650 nm. It allows to provide CRI values higher than 92. Features of the improved compact construction of the luminaire with indicated COB modules have been presented. To ensure normal thermal regimes of LED COB modules, a small cooling system based on heat pipes has been created, the optimal dimensions of the structural elements of which have been determined by computer simulation. The results of modeling and experimental studies have shown that the developed and manufactured passive cooling system of LED COB modules provides operation temperature modes (up to 85 °C) of light-emitting crystals at the total electric power of COB modules up to 290 W and allows using the luminaires of this type in the systems of continuous artificial illumination with combined power supply. The efficiency of the developed cooling system at some angles to the horizon expands the scope of applying the illumination device.
本文考虑的是开发和制造具有高光效和显色指数(CRI)的大功率LED灯具。作为光源,使用了6个强大的LED СОВ (Chip-on-Board)模块CreeCXA 2550,其辐射包含600…650 nm光谱范围内的准色峰。它允许提供高于92的CRI值。提出了采用指示COB模块改进的紧凑型灯具结构的特点。为了确保LED COB模块的正常热状态,创建了一个基于热管的小型冷却系统,并通过计算机模拟确定了其结构元件的最佳尺寸。建模和实验研究结果表明,开发和制造的LED COB模块被动冷却系统在COB模块总功率高达290 W的情况下,提供了发光晶体的工作温度模式(高达85°C),并允许在组合电源的连续人工照明系统中使用该类型的灯具。所开发的冷却系统在一定角度上对地平线的效率扩大了照明装置的应用范围。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Semiconductor physics, quantum electronics and optoelectronics
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