Danyang Zhou, Yue Zhang, Zhihui Yang, Chuyi Zhang, Qing Zhang, Jinhua Huo, Kesi Cui, Yong Wu, Hong Chang, Chuang Wang, Xiao Xiao, Xin Cai, Ming Li
Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many schizophrenia-associated variants, their biological mechanisms remain unclear. Using transcriptomic data from human brain tissues, we performed splicing quantitative trait locus (sQTL) analyses of schizophrenia-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms and identified more than 17,000 sQTLs linked to previously unidentified splicing junctions. Functional prioritization and experimental validation highlighted the synonymous variant rs3935873 within the 16p11.2 GWAS locus strongly associated with an unannotated isoform DOC2A∆Val217-Pro218. rs3935873 was significantly associated with hippocampal volume, and hippocampal overexpression of DOC2A∆Val217-Pro218 in mice recapitulated schizophrenia-relevant behavioral deficits, phenotypes absent in DOC2AFull-Length-overexpressing mice. Overexpression of both isoforms altered excitatory synaptic transmission, structural modeling revealed divergent tertiary configurations between DOC2A∆Val217-Pro218 and DOC2AFull-Length, and interactome profiling highlighted that DOC2A∆Val217-Pro218 unique interactors are enriched in the myosin II complex and ankyrin binding, suggesting the acquisition of previously unknown structural and regulatory functions by DOC2A∆Val217-Pro218. Our study implicates dysregulated splicing in DOC2A as a functional mechanism for schizophrenia genetic risk and demonstrates how unannotated isoforms can reveal disease-relevant pathways.
{"title":"A causal coding variant regulating alternative splicing of DOC2A at 16p.11.2 GWAS locus influences susceptibility to schizophrenia","authors":"Danyang Zhou, Yue Zhang, Zhihui Yang, Chuyi Zhang, Qing Zhang, Jinhua Huo, Kesi Cui, Yong Wu, Hong Chang, Chuang Wang, Xiao Xiao, Xin Cai, Ming Li","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adw7667","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adw7667","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many schizophrenia-associated variants, their biological mechanisms remain unclear. Using transcriptomic data from human brain tissues, we performed splicing quantitative trait locus (sQTL) analyses of schizophrenia-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms and identified more than 17,000 sQTLs linked to previously unidentified splicing junctions. Functional prioritization and experimental validation highlighted the synonymous variant rs3935873 within the 16p11.2 GWAS locus strongly associated with an unannotated isoform <i>DOC2A</i><sup>∆<i>Val217-Pro218</i></sup>. rs3935873 was significantly associated with hippocampal volume, and hippocampal overexpression of <i>DOC2A<sup>∆Val217-Pro218</sup></i> in mice recapitulated schizophrenia-relevant behavioral deficits, phenotypes absent in <i>DOC2A<sup>Full-Length</sup></i>-overexpressing mice. Overexpression of both isoforms altered excitatory synaptic transmission, structural modeling revealed divergent tertiary configurations between DOC2A<sup>∆Val217-Pro218</sup> and DOC2A<sup>Full-Length</sup>, and interactome profiling highlighted that DOC2A<sup>∆Val217-Pro218</sup> unique interactors are enriched in the myosin II complex and ankyrin binding, suggesting the acquisition of previously unknown structural and regulatory functions by DOC2A<sup>∆Val217-Pro218</sup>. Our study implicates dysregulated splicing in <i>DOC2A</i> as a functional mechanism for schizophrenia genetic risk and demonstrates how unannotated isoforms can reveal disease-relevant pathways.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145984110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tsz Hung Wong, Weijia Liu, Jiaoli Li, Jie Ma, Yijie Cheng, Ruihao Lu, Kent J. Koster, Jeffrey D. Cirillo, Xinyue Liu, Hajime Sasaki, Chenglin Wu, Shaoting Lin
Current dental care relies on subjective assessments or sophisticated diagnostics, both struggling to balance efficiency and accuracy. In situ biosensors offer a promising solution for real-time biomarker detection, yet their practical deployment in oral tissue is hindered by challenges in sensitivity, specificity, and stability due to low biomarker concentrations, molecular-level heterogeneity, and dynamic intraoral interactions. Here, we develop a tissue-adhesive hydrogel–MXene (TAHM) biosensor, integrating a graphene/MXene sensing probe, a tissue-adhesive patch, and a selective-permeable hydrogel membrane, for in situ detection of tumor necrosis factor–α, a proinflammatory cytokine. Our TAHM biosensor achieves high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 18.2 femtograms per milliliter, excellent selectivity with an interference coefficient below 7%, and mechanical stability with resistance variation under 0.5% under varying stretch ratio and loading rates. The sensor’s performance is further validated through in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments. The work highlights the potential of in situ biosensor as a transformative tool for real-time oral diagnostics.
{"title":"Tissue-adhesive hydrogel–MXene biosensor for in situ intraoral TNF-α detection","authors":"Tsz Hung Wong, Weijia Liu, Jiaoli Li, Jie Ma, Yijie Cheng, Ruihao Lu, Kent J. Koster, Jeffrey D. Cirillo, Xinyue Liu, Hajime Sasaki, Chenglin Wu, Shaoting Lin","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.ady9180","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.ady9180","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Current dental care relies on subjective assessments or sophisticated diagnostics, both struggling to balance efficiency and accuracy. In situ biosensors offer a promising solution for real-time biomarker detection, yet their practical deployment in oral tissue is hindered by challenges in sensitivity, specificity, and stability due to low biomarker concentrations, molecular-level heterogeneity, and dynamic intraoral interactions. Here, we develop a tissue-adhesive hydrogel–MXene (TAHM) biosensor, integrating a graphene/MXene sensing probe, a tissue-adhesive patch, and a selective-permeable hydrogel membrane, for in situ detection of tumor necrosis factor–α, a proinflammatory cytokine. Our TAHM biosensor achieves high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 18.2 femtograms per milliliter, excellent selectivity with an interference coefficient below 7%, and mechanical stability with resistance variation under 0.5% under varying stretch ratio and loading rates. The sensor’s performance is further validated through in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments. The work highlights the potential of in situ biosensor as a transformative tool for real-time oral diagnostics.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145984121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kangdi Sun, Mark W. Rutland, Rosa M. Espinosa-Marzal
Hyaluronic acid (HA) and phospholipids (PLs) are key components of joint lubrication. In osteoarthritis (OA), the molecular weight (MW) of HA is reduced, which has been proposed to weaken the anchoring capacity of PL and impair lubrication. This study reveals a different mechanism by directly linking the MW to the structure of HA-PL (hybrid) assemblies and frictional properties. Using mixed-MW HA and PL to model this difference between healthy and OA synovial composition, we found interfacial lamellar structures form under healthy-like conditions, while hybrid vesicles predominate in OA-like conditions. At physiologically relevant shear rates, lamellar assemblies maintain ultralow friction, whereas vesicles are removed, causing a tenfold friction increase. These findings provide mechanistic insight into how HA-PL structural organization controls lubrication. While this simplified system does not capture the biochemical complexity of synovial fluid, this study advances understanding and offers a framework for designing structure-informed therapeutic strategies and biomimetic lubricants.
{"title":"Lipid self-assembly dependence on hyaluronic acid size reveals biolubrication and osteoarthritic degeneration mechanisms","authors":"Kangdi Sun, Mark W. Rutland, Rosa M. Espinosa-Marzal","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adz9517","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adz9517","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Hyaluronic acid (HA) and phospholipids (PLs) are key components of joint lubrication. In osteoarthritis (OA), the molecular weight (MW) of HA is reduced, which has been proposed to weaken the anchoring capacity of PL and impair lubrication. This study reveals a different mechanism by directly linking the MW to the structure of HA-PL (hybrid) assemblies and frictional properties. Using mixed-MW HA and PL to model this difference between healthy and OA synovial composition, we found interfacial lamellar structures form under healthy-like conditions, while hybrid vesicles predominate in OA-like conditions. At physiologically relevant shear rates, lamellar assemblies maintain ultralow friction, whereas vesicles are removed, causing a tenfold friction increase. These findings provide mechanistic insight into how HA-PL structural organization controls lubrication. While this simplified system does not capture the biochemical complexity of synovial fluid, this study advances understanding and offers a framework for designing structure-informed therapeutic strategies and biomimetic lubricants.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asish N. Chacko, Kaamini M. Dhanabalan, Jinyang Wan, Roy Chien, Nolan T. Anderson, Binzhi Xu, Katie Pham, Ritu Tiwari, Arnab Mukherjee
Creating genetic sensors for noninvasive visualization of biological activities in optically opaque tissues holds immense potential for basic research and the development of genetic and cell-based therapies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) stands out among deep tissue imaging methods for its ability to generate high-resolution images without ionizing radiation. However, the adoption of MRI as a mainstream biomolecular technology has been hindered by the lack of adaptable methods to link molecular events with genetically encodable contrast. Here, we introduce modular aquaporin-based protease-activatable probes for enhanced reporting (MAPPER), a platform for the systematic creation of genetic sensors for MRI. To develop MAPPER, we engineered protease-activatable MRI reporters using two approaches: protein stabilization and subcellular trafficking. We established the applicability of MAPPER in distinct mammalian cell types and demonstrated its versatility by assembling genetic sensors for diverse targets without requiring extensive customization for each target. MAPPER provides a programmable platform for streamlining the development of noninvasive, nonionizing genetic sensors for biomedical research and in vivo diagnostics.
{"title":"A programmable genetic platform for engineering noninvasive biosensors","authors":"Asish N. Chacko, Kaamini M. Dhanabalan, Jinyang Wan, Roy Chien, Nolan T. Anderson, Binzhi Xu, Katie Pham, Ritu Tiwari, Arnab Mukherjee","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aec1211","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.aec1211","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Creating genetic sensors for noninvasive visualization of biological activities in optically opaque tissues holds immense potential for basic research and the development of genetic and cell-based therapies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) stands out among deep tissue imaging methods for its ability to generate high-resolution images without ionizing radiation. However, the adoption of MRI as a mainstream biomolecular technology has been hindered by the lack of adaptable methods to link molecular events with genetically encodable contrast. Here, we introduce modular aquaporin-based protease-activatable probes for enhanced reporting (MAPPER), a platform for the systematic creation of genetic sensors for MRI. To develop MAPPER, we engineered protease-activatable MRI reporters using two approaches: protein stabilization and subcellular trafficking. We established the applicability of MAPPER in distinct mammalian cell types and demonstrated its versatility by assembling genetic sensors for diverse targets without requiring extensive customization for each target. MAPPER provides a programmable platform for streamlining the development of noninvasive, nonionizing genetic sensors for biomedical research and in vivo diagnostics.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziwei Zhang, Zhiheng Xu, Hong Hu, Yao Li, Youmei Jin, Yi Zhong, Yunqiu Zhang, Yike Yin, Jing Chen, Yufeng Duan, Hao Yang, Zhonghan Li
The ectomesenchyme generates much of the craniofacial skeleton, sutures, and diverse connective tissues in the mammalian head, yet its derivation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the underlying molecular drivers remain poorly defined. Here, we identified Dlx2 as a key regulator that efficiently directed murine ESCs toward Msx1+ ectomesenchyme, recapitulating the developmental trajectory. These Msx1+ progenitors expressed classical craniofacial markers, exhibited robust osteochondral differentiation potential as a group, and supported craniofacial regeneration. Mechanistically, Distal-less homeobox 2 (DLX2) formed a complex with lamina-associated polypeptide 2, isoform alpha (LAP2α) through a 38–amino-acid homeodomain motif, interacting with nucleosomes to promote chromatin remodeling and activate a procraniofacial ectomesenchymal gene network. Disrupting DLX2-LAP2α interaction or silencing Dlx2 targets markedly diminished ectomesenchymal differentiation. Our findings established DLX2 as a pioneer factor in ectomesenchyme specification, offering insights into craniofacial development and stem cell engineering.
{"title":"DLX2 acts as a pioneer factor and drives Msx1+ ectomesenchyme formation from embryonic stem cells","authors":"Ziwei Zhang, Zhiheng Xu, Hong Hu, Yao Li, Youmei Jin, Yi Zhong, Yunqiu Zhang, Yike Yin, Jing Chen, Yufeng Duan, Hao Yang, Zhonghan Li","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aea0685","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.aea0685","url":null,"abstract":"<div >The ectomesenchyme generates much of the craniofacial skeleton, sutures, and diverse connective tissues in the mammalian head, yet its derivation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the underlying molecular drivers remain poorly defined. Here, we identified <i>Dlx2</i> as a key regulator that efficiently directed murine ESCs toward <i>Msx1</i><sup>+</sup> ectomesenchyme, recapitulating the developmental trajectory. These <i>Msx1</i><sup>+</sup> progenitors expressed classical craniofacial markers, exhibited robust osteochondral differentiation potential as a group, and supported craniofacial regeneration. Mechanistically, Distal-less homeobox 2 (DLX2) formed a complex with lamina-associated polypeptide 2, isoform alpha (LAP2α) through a 38–amino-acid homeodomain motif, interacting with nucleosomes to promote chromatin remodeling and activate a procraniofacial ectomesenchymal gene network. Disrupting DLX2-LAP2α interaction or silencing <i>Dlx2</i> targets markedly diminished ectomesenchymal differentiation. Our findings established DLX2 as a pioneer factor in ectomesenchyme specification, offering insights into craniofacial development and stem cell engineering.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of cognitive functions continues into adolescence. However, it is not fully understood how cortical circuitry changes during adolescence. Here, we performed a comprehensive super-resolution mapping of dendritic spines in layer 5 extratelencepharic-projecting (L5 ET) neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex in mice. In adults, the dendritic spines are highly enriched in the middle compartment of the apical dendrites (spine density “hotspot”), where dendritic calcium spikes are generated. In early development, dendritic spines are evenly distributed. During adolescence, however, the spine density increases specifically in the middle compartment of the apical dendrites in an experience-dependent manner, while other dendritic compartments show a slight reduction. Furthermore, spine accumulation at the hotspot was specifically impaired in mouse models of schizophrenia, demonstrating a link between adolescent spine formation and neuropsychiatric disorders. Our finding suggests that the dendritic compartment-specific spine formation during adolescence shapes nonlinear dendritic integration in L5 ET neurons and supports the maturation of cognitive functions.
{"title":"Dendritic compartment-specific spine formation in layer 5 neurons underlies cortical circuit maturation during adolescence","authors":"Ryo Egashira, Meng-Tsen Ke, Nao Nakagawa-Tamagawa, Satoshi Fujimoto, Shigenori Inagaki, Tsuyoshi Takagi, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa, Yoshiaki Tagawa, Takeshi Imai","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adw8458","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adw8458","url":null,"abstract":"<div >The development of cognitive functions continues into adolescence. However, it is not fully understood how cortical circuitry changes during adolescence. Here, we performed a comprehensive super-resolution mapping of dendritic spines in layer 5 extratelencepharic-projecting (L5 ET) neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex in mice. In adults, the dendritic spines are highly enriched in the middle compartment of the apical dendrites (spine density “hotspot”), where dendritic calcium spikes are generated. In early development, dendritic spines are evenly distributed. During adolescence, however, the spine density increases specifically in the middle compartment of the apical dendrites in an experience-dependent manner, while other dendritic compartments show a slight reduction. Furthermore, spine accumulation at the hotspot was specifically impaired in mouse models of schizophrenia, demonstrating a link between adolescent spine formation and neuropsychiatric disorders. Our finding suggests that the dendritic compartment-specific spine formation during adolescence shapes nonlinear dendritic integration in L5 ET neurons and supports the maturation of cognitive functions.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elavarasi Ravichandran, Sanghee Han, Abigail S. Williams, Veronica Berta, Jeremy L. Dedrick, Christian Pelayo, Nattamon Maneenoi, Lynn M. Russell, Michael Wheeler, Jeremy Wentzell, John Liggio, Markus D. Petters
Aerosols consist of liquid or solid particles dispersed in a gas. Aerosol measurements generally rely on drying the particles before quantifying their physicochemical properties. This drying can potentially remove semivolatile compounds from the particles. Here, we show size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) measurements quantifying the hygroscopicity parameter in the presence and absence of a denuder. The denuder efficiently removed alkanes and weakly functionalized acids, aldehydes, and alcohols with fewer than 10 carbon atoms from the gas phase. Denuding organic compounds perturbed the CCN-derived hygroscopicity parameter by up to 50%. Denuding either rendered the particles more or less CCN active, and the direction of the effect depended on sample relative humidity and trace gas concentration. The effect was weakest in early spring and strongest in late spring and summer. The measurements demonstrate an unexpectedly strong coupling between the particle and gas phase, influencing CCN activity through either volatilization or surface adsorption, or both.
{"title":"Removal of trace gases can both increase and decrease cloud droplet formation","authors":"Elavarasi Ravichandran, Sanghee Han, Abigail S. Williams, Veronica Berta, Jeremy L. Dedrick, Christian Pelayo, Nattamon Maneenoi, Lynn M. Russell, Michael Wheeler, Jeremy Wentzell, John Liggio, Markus D. Petters","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adx0960","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adx0960","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Aerosols consist of liquid or solid particles dispersed in a gas. Aerosol measurements generally rely on drying the particles before quantifying their physicochemical properties. This drying can potentially remove semivolatile compounds from the particles. Here, we show size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) measurements quantifying the hygroscopicity parameter in the presence and absence of a denuder. The denuder efficiently removed alkanes and weakly functionalized acids, aldehydes, and alcohols with fewer than 10 carbon atoms from the gas phase. Denuding organic compounds perturbed the CCN-derived hygroscopicity parameter by up to 50%. Denuding either rendered the particles more or less CCN active, and the direction of the effect depended on sample relative humidity and trace gas concentration. The effect was weakest in early spring and strongest in late spring and summer. The measurements demonstrate an unexpectedly strong coupling between the particle and gas phase, influencing CCN activity through either volatilization or surface adsorption, or both.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jenna C. Hill, Janet T. Watt, Charles K. Paull, David W. Caress, Daniel S. Brothers, Kevin Arizmendi, Roberto Gwiazda, Jared Kluesner, Eve Lundsten, Nora M. Nieminski, Jason S. Padgett, Jennifer B. Paduan, George Snyder
Abyssal marine turbidites provide some of the longest and most spatially extensive records of subduction zone earthquake recurrence globally; however, correlation of these deposits over long distances and interpretation of synchronous emplacement requires both an understanding of the turbidite generating systems and precise dating. Here, we present an integrated suite of high-resolution bathymetry, subbottom profiles, and sediment cores from combined autonomous underwater vehicle, remotely operated vehicle, and ship-based studies at a key paleoseismic site in the southern Cascadia subduction zone. We demonstrate how widespread, earthquake-triggered landslides on the lower slope deposit discrete, proximal mass transport deposits (MTDs) that grade offshore into complex, interfingered abyssal turbidites, which correspond to records of megathrust earthquake history. We propose accretion and oversteepening of thrust folds on the lower slope both preconditions the slope to fail and provides a perpetual source of unstable material to fail during every earthquake cycle. Furthermore, we suggest the periodic and pervasive landsliding indicates coseismic deformation of the outer accretionary wedge during megathrust rupture.
{"title":"Widespread abyssal turbidites record megathrust earthquake-triggered landslides and coseismic deformation in the Cascadia subduction zone","authors":"Jenna C. Hill, Janet T. Watt, Charles K. Paull, David W. Caress, Daniel S. Brothers, Kevin Arizmendi, Roberto Gwiazda, Jared Kluesner, Eve Lundsten, Nora M. Nieminski, Jason S. Padgett, Jennifer B. Paduan, George Snyder","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adx6028","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adx6028","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Abyssal marine turbidites provide some of the longest and most spatially extensive records of subduction zone earthquake recurrence globally; however, correlation of these deposits over long distances and interpretation of synchronous emplacement requires both an understanding of the turbidite generating systems and precise dating. Here, we present an integrated suite of high-resolution bathymetry, subbottom profiles, and sediment cores from combined autonomous underwater vehicle, remotely operated vehicle, and ship-based studies at a key paleoseismic site in the southern Cascadia subduction zone. We demonstrate how widespread, earthquake-triggered landslides on the lower slope deposit discrete, proximal mass transport deposits (MTDs) that grade offshore into complex, interfingered abyssal turbidites, which correspond to records of megathrust earthquake history. We propose accretion and oversteepening of thrust folds on the lower slope both preconditions the slope to fail and provides a perpetual source of unstable material to fail during every earthquake cycle. Furthermore, we suggest the periodic and pervasive landsliding indicates coseismic deformation of the outer accretionary wedge during megathrust rupture.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wearable electronics for monitoring vascular dynamics are crucial in assessing cardiovascular health. However, current vascular sensors hold challenges in limited perceptive dimension and accuracy and poor interface robustness. Here, we report 18-channel flexible thermal array sensor using active thermal penetration sensing principle for imperceptible monitoring of deep and superficial vasculature. Leveraging contact-free thermal penetration and natural piezo-thermic transduction of human skin, the sensor implements spatiotemporal mapping of vascular dynamics with high sensitivity, good-linearity, fast-response, low cross-talk, and excellent interfacial robustness. It enables real-time and in situ measurements of multimodal vascular characteristics including deep arterial pulsation, superficial capillary perfusion, relative blood flow velocity, skin temperature, and continuous blood pressure via data-efficient vascular feature extraction method. Imperceptible and comprehensive cardiovascular dynamics tracking by wearable electronics provides a promising avenue for advancing personal health care and clinic medicine.
{"title":"Flexible thermal array sensor for imperceptible monitoring of multidimensional vascular dynamics","authors":"Shuo Tian, Shiqiang Liu, Rong Zhu","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aea5803","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.aea5803","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Wearable electronics for monitoring vascular dynamics are crucial in assessing cardiovascular health. However, current vascular sensors hold challenges in limited perceptive dimension and accuracy and poor interface robustness. Here, we report 18-channel flexible thermal array sensor using active thermal penetration sensing principle for imperceptible monitoring of deep and superficial vasculature. Leveraging contact-free thermal penetration and natural piezo-thermic transduction of human skin, the sensor implements spatiotemporal mapping of vascular dynamics with high sensitivity, good-linearity, fast-response, low cross-talk, and excellent interfacial robustness. It enables real-time and in situ measurements of multimodal vascular characteristics including deep arterial pulsation, superficial capillary perfusion, relative blood flow velocity, skin temperature, and continuous blood pressure via data-efficient vascular feature extraction method. Imperceptible and comprehensive cardiovascular dynamics tracking by wearable electronics provides a promising avenue for advancing personal health care and clinic medicine.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weak bonds are well-known to construct soft materials. Elaborating molecule-level self-assembly via supramolecular engineering could generate performance materials that exhibit high strength at mild temperatures. However, the entropy penalty of assembled materials, meanwhile, compromises robustness at elevated temperatures. Herein, we report that simply replacing two carbons with disulfide bonds in poly(urea)s enables unprecedented structural reconfigurability without trading off material robustness. Introducing disulfide bonds maintains the ordered urea-based H-bond assembly in bulk polymers while simultaneously suppressing secondary crystallization of these H-bonded arrays and offering secondary H-bonding sites by forming S─S·H─N interactions. This two-atom structural change revitalizes semicrystalline homopoly(urea) materials by allowing chain mobility and reconfiguration below melting temperatures to enable thermoplastic-like (re)processability and thermoset-like robustness, including more than 2-gigapascal storage modulus, a broad creep-resistant temperature range (up to 150°C), ceramic-like hardness, and resistance to common solvents. Furthermore, these materials exhibit acid-catalyzed depolymerization potential, enabling closed-loop recyclability.
{"title":"Revitalizing poly(urea)s via disulfide reconfiguration","authors":"Zezhou Zong, Da-Hui Qu, He Tian, Qi Zhang","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aea8130","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.aea8130","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Weak bonds are well-known to construct soft materials. Elaborating molecule-level self-assembly via supramolecular engineering could generate performance materials that exhibit high strength at mild temperatures. However, the entropy penalty of assembled materials, meanwhile, compromises robustness at elevated temperatures. Herein, we report that simply replacing two carbons with disulfide bonds in poly(urea)s enables unprecedented structural reconfigurability without trading off material robustness. Introducing disulfide bonds maintains the ordered urea-based H-bond assembly in bulk polymers while simultaneously suppressing secondary crystallization of these H-bonded arrays and offering secondary H-bonding sites by forming S─S·H─N interactions. This two-atom structural change revitalizes semicrystalline homopoly(urea) materials by allowing chain mobility and reconfiguration below melting temperatures to enable thermoplastic-like (re)processability and thermoset-like robustness, including more than 2-gigapascal storage modulus, a broad creep-resistant temperature range (up to 150°C), ceramic-like hardness, and resistance to common solvents. Furthermore, these materials exhibit acid-catalyzed depolymerization potential, enabling closed-loop recyclability.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145964485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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