Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.64
M. H. Rajput, P. K. Butt, Saima Tunio, Z. A. Maher, Sirajuddin Qureshi
Today various applications like the aim of this framework is to documentation data on the wellbeing occasions and checks the natural history of administrations at different levels of the medicinal services. This E-healthcare implement in our nations and society on the today have compelling and far-reaching frameworks set up to accumulate this information. Health care systems consist of all activities whose purpose is to promote, restore, or maintain the health of the human body. This incorporate yet isn't restricted to, the deterrent, remedial and painful health administrations gave by the medicinal services administration framework. The social insurance frameworks be different from every single other framework because of the intricate gathering of information writes utilized as a part of medicinal services administration framework for the instance, the mechanization of the patient records must be controlling an assortment of information necessities and determination issues because of things like the many-sided quality of the therapeutic vocabulary. The order of biomedical revelations and the characterization of the wellbeing conditions and intercessions. The battle lies in the way that this characterization can incorporate an enormous amount of conceivable mixes. There are no any social insurance frameworks in our nation Pakistan, as, region medicinal services administration frameworks help together information which can be utilized to recognize general medical problems.
{"title":"SOAF Architecture Adoption on Clinical Decision E-Healthcare System","authors":"M. H. Rajput, P. K. Butt, Saima Tunio, Z. A. Maher, Sirajuddin Qureshi","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.64","url":null,"abstract":"Today various applications like the aim of this framework is to documentation data on the wellbeing occasions and checks the natural history of administrations at different levels of the medicinal services. This E-healthcare implement in our nations and society on the today have compelling and far-reaching frameworks set up to accumulate this information. Health care systems consist of all activities whose purpose is to promote, restore, or maintain the health of the human body. This incorporate yet isn't restricted to, the deterrent, remedial and painful health administrations gave by the medicinal services administration framework. The social insurance frameworks be different from every single other framework because of the intricate gathering of information writes utilized as a part of medicinal services administration framework for the instance, the mechanization of the patient records must be controlling an assortment of information necessities and determination issues because of things like the many-sided quality of the therapeutic vocabulary. The order of biomedical revelations and the characterization of the wellbeing conditions and intercessions. The battle lies in the way that this characterization can incorporate an enormous amount of conceivable mixes. There are no any social insurance frameworks in our nation Pakistan, as, region medicinal services administration frameworks help together information which can be utilized to recognize general medical problems.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84934868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.83
U. Ahmed, M. Hassan, S. Afridi, M. Anjum, A. A. Jamali, M. Zhou
The MIMO technology utilizes different antennas at each terminal of a wireless link and greatly improves the link reliability and spectral efficiency of future wireless communication systems. This technology integrated with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), which is particularly proving a propitious entrant for upcoming next generation wireless systems including both mobile and fixed systems. It provides an attractive air-interface solution for next-generation wireless/cellular systems. In this paper Waterfilling algorithm has been used to optimize transmit power for maximizing the capacity. The Waterfilling algorithm successfully solved the problem of power allocation for MIMO-OFDM wireless network and adaptively allocate power to minimize BER performance and increasing the capacity in order to maintain the QoS requirements for a network. The proposed work is investigated by using Matlab tool.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of MIMO OFDM System Using Different Fading Techniques","authors":"U. Ahmed, M. Hassan, S. Afridi, M. Anjum, A. A. Jamali, M. Zhou","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.83","url":null,"abstract":"The MIMO technology utilizes different antennas at each terminal of a wireless link and greatly improves the link reliability and spectral efficiency of future wireless communication systems. This technology integrated with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), which is particularly proving a propitious entrant for upcoming next generation wireless systems including both mobile and fixed systems. It provides an attractive air-interface solution for next-generation wireless/cellular systems. In this paper Waterfilling algorithm has been used to optimize transmit power for maximizing the capacity. The Waterfilling algorithm successfully solved the problem of power allocation for MIMO-OFDM wireless network and adaptively allocate power to minimize BER performance and increasing the capacity in order to maintain the QoS requirements for a network. The proposed work is investigated by using Matlab tool.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88272013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.63
N. Minallah, W. Khan, A. Rashid, M. N. Khan, N. Aziz, M. Uzair, S. Yousaf
As Human population is increasing, a number of small towns are turning into big cities. But human race has developed itself in technological terms smartly, which is helping human kind to act efficiently and consume the resources appropriately. Collection of urban sprawl statistics of an area has become efficient by using remote sensing. In comparison to the traditional methods, the new method of using remote sensing for the detection and classification of urban sprawl has substantially enhanced. Using this data management has become capable of taking suitable measures for its residents. This work compares six supervised classifiers, i.e Maximum Likelihood, Minimum Distance, Support Vector Machines, Mahalanobis, Parallelepiped and Feed Forward Neural Network for urban classification. The data used is of SPOT 5 and criteria for comparison of classifiers is based on accuracy. Due to the absence of blue band in SPOT imagery the collected data samples for training tend to be complex and overlapping. Training data collected and divided into 10 different samples, show 82.74% accuracy for Artificial Neural Network. In comparison with Artificial Neural Networks, the lowest recorded results are of parallelepiped Classifier.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Supervised Classification Algorithms for Urban Sprawl Detection","authors":"N. Minallah, W. Khan, A. Rashid, M. N. Khan, N. Aziz, M. Uzair, S. Yousaf","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.63","url":null,"abstract":"As Human population is increasing, a number of small towns are turning into big cities. But human race has developed itself in technological terms smartly, which is helping human kind to act efficiently and consume the resources appropriately. Collection of urban sprawl statistics of an area has become efficient by using remote sensing. In comparison to the traditional methods, the new method of using remote sensing for the detection and classification of urban sprawl has substantially enhanced. Using this data management has become capable of taking suitable measures for its residents. This work compares six supervised classifiers, i.e Maximum Likelihood, Minimum Distance, Support Vector Machines, Mahalanobis, Parallelepiped and Feed Forward Neural Network for urban classification. The data used is of SPOT 5 and criteria for comparison of classifiers is based on accuracy. Due to the absence of blue band in SPOT imagery the collected data samples for training tend to be complex and overlapping. Training data collected and divided into 10 different samples, show 82.74% accuracy for Artificial Neural Network. In comparison with Artificial Neural Networks, the lowest recorded results are of parallelepiped Classifier.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74092037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.80
M. Sheikh, M. Y. Laghari, P. Lashari, A. Khuharo, N. T. Narejo
The aim of this study was to address the status of Labeo calbasu at Lower Indus River Region. The specimen were collected from March, 2016 to October, 2016, from eight selected landing sites with a total of 102044 fish specimen. In this experiment 77 freshwater fish species were identified. All of recoded 77 fishes were belonged to 9 orders and 23 families. Out of them 25 species belong to the Family Cypirinidae and Labeo calbasu is one of them. In this investigation, the presence of L. calbasu specimen collected from all the sites in the duration of eight month the average calculation of L. calbasu is 2.26%. During the research work in the month of July the presence of L. calbasu was calculated in high abundancy about 4.5% while in the month of May low collection was found which was recorded 1.3% . In overall, Sujawal site was found rich in collection (2.68%) and Jangseer was found poor in collection (0.71%) samples of L. Calbasu, might be due to high saline water. Therefore, effective conservation measures are suggested to sustain major carps and fish fauna at Lower Indus River Region
{"title":"Status of Labeo calbasu at Lower Indus River Region, Sindh, Pakistan","authors":"M. Sheikh, M. Y. Laghari, P. Lashari, A. Khuharo, N. T. Narejo","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.80","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to address the status of Labeo calbasu at Lower Indus River Region. The specimen were collected from March, 2016 to October, 2016, from eight selected landing sites with a total of 102044 fish specimen. In this experiment 77 freshwater fish species were identified. All of recoded 77 fishes were belonged to 9 orders and 23 families. Out of them 25 species belong to the Family Cypirinidae and Labeo calbasu is one of them. In this investigation, the presence of L. calbasu specimen collected from all the sites in the duration of eight month the average calculation of L. calbasu is 2.26%. During the research work in the month of July the presence of L. calbasu was calculated in high abundancy about 4.5% while in the month of May low collection was found which was recorded 1.3% . In overall, Sujawal site was found rich in collection (2.68%) and Jangseer was found poor in collection (0.71%) samples of L. Calbasu, might be due to high saline water. Therefore, effective conservation measures are suggested to sustain major carps and fish fauna at Lower Indus River Region","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90493453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.61
Yasir Ali Solangi, Z. Solangi, A. Maitlo, Shahmurad Chandio, Asadullah Shah
Agile software development methods can deliver quality software yet it perceived that adoption and acceptance of agile methods by the consumers has been lower in Pakistan. However, this research study proposes an extended model of technology acceptance to understand the perception of the potential software practitioner teams towards adoption and acceptance of agile methods in software development. The theoretical research framework in this study incorporates determinants such as productivity, awareness of agile methods, and customer collaboration along with latent factors perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. It is intended that the systematic research framework of integrated factors would be supportive enough to adopt agile software development solutions in software industry of Pakistan.
{"title":"Agile Methods Acceptance Model: Understanding Factors for Implementing Agile Methods in Pakistan","authors":"Yasir Ali Solangi, Z. Solangi, A. Maitlo, Shahmurad Chandio, Asadullah Shah","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.61","url":null,"abstract":"Agile software development methods can deliver quality software yet it perceived that adoption and acceptance of agile methods by the consumers has been lower in Pakistan. However, this research study proposes an extended model of technology acceptance to understand the perception of the potential software practitioner teams towards adoption and acceptance of agile methods in software development. The theoretical research framework in this study incorporates determinants such as productivity, awareness of agile methods, and customer collaboration along with latent factors perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. It is intended that the systematic research framework of integrated factors would be supportive enough to adopt agile software development solutions in software industry of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87606306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.75
N. N. Hussaini, K. Mohammadani, S. Abbasi, Faraz Junejo
Although the mobility of nodes or computing devices may cause problem of link failure, a careful strategy used for routing protocols resolve one of the major issue associated with MANETs. The multicast routing protocols adopt either a tree-based configuration structure or a mesh-based configuration structure to maintain their state in stressed conditions posed to them in various scenarios. The research paper focuses on evaluating the performance of routing scheme used by SLIM+ for real-time multimedia streaming multicast in open group environment of MANET. Performance metric used is Throughput and Normalized Routing Load; comparing SLIM+ with its competitive and most commonly used MAODV and PUMA routing protocols for multicasting. It then observed that performance of SLIM+ is promising.
{"title":"Real-time Multimedia Transmission in open group Environment of MANETsusing SLIM+ Protocol: A Performance Evaluation","authors":"N. N. Hussaini, K. Mohammadani, S. Abbasi, Faraz Junejo","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.75","url":null,"abstract":"Although the mobility of nodes or computing devices may cause problem of link failure, a careful strategy used for routing protocols resolve one of the major issue associated with MANETs. The multicast routing protocols adopt either a tree-based configuration structure or a mesh-based configuration structure to maintain their state in stressed conditions posed to them in various scenarios. The research paper focuses on evaluating the performance of routing scheme used by SLIM+ for real-time multimedia streaming multicast in open group environment of MANET. Performance metric used is Throughput and Normalized Routing Load; comparing SLIM+ with its competitive and most commonly used MAODV and PUMA routing protocols for multicasting. It then observed that performance of SLIM+ is promising.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76199859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/SURJ/2019.09.612
Z. A. Palh, A. R. Abbasi, S. Meghwar, K. Lashari, S. A. Brohi, G. Y. Brohi
Chickan Lake is famous historical lake located at Palh village 26o 57’33.94 N, 67o 51’ 06. 10 E in the province of Sindh, 28 km North of Dadu city and Present investigation of an ecological studies of phytoplankton of Chickan Lake during January 20016 to December 2016. In this study there were four sampling station selected for sampling purpose at the commanding area of lake? The research work is concerned the assessment of different water quality parameters and determinations of planktons, which is essential for investigation and productivity of lake. To assess the hydrological parameters of lake i.e.: Temperature, Transparency, pH, TSS, TDS, Salinity, Hardness, Chlorides, Dissolve Oxygen, the analysis of biological parameters indicates the presence of Plankton population which belongs to different groups such as Cynophayta, Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta and Bacillariophyta, the population of phytoplankton belongs to different groups were dominant as compare to the zooplankton. The water quality is being changed due to seasonal variation which impact on plankton flora and fauna resulting in seasonal variation in their numbers and composition.
{"title":"An Investigation of an Ecological study of Phytoplankton of Chickan Lake District Dadu, Sindh, Pakistan","authors":"Z. A. Palh, A. R. Abbasi, S. Meghwar, K. Lashari, S. A. Brohi, G. Y. Brohi","doi":"10.26692/SURJ/2019.09.612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SURJ/2019.09.612","url":null,"abstract":"Chickan Lake is famous historical lake located at Palh village 26o 57’33.94 N, 67o 51’ 06. 10 E in the province of Sindh, 28 km North of Dadu city and Present investigation of an ecological studies of phytoplankton of Chickan Lake during January 20016 to December 2016. In this study there were four sampling station selected for sampling purpose at the commanding area of lake? The research work is concerned the assessment of different water quality parameters and determinations of planktons, which is essential for investigation and productivity of lake. To assess the hydrological parameters of lake i.e.: Temperature, Transparency, pH, TSS, TDS, Salinity, Hardness, Chlorides, Dissolve Oxygen, the analysis of biological parameters indicates the presence of Plankton population which belongs to different groups such as Cynophayta, Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta and Bacillariophyta, the population of phytoplankton belongs to different groups were dominant as compare to the zooplankton. The water quality is being changed due to seasonal variation which impact on plankton flora and fauna resulting in seasonal variation in their numbers and composition.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84553467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.77
R. A. Shah, A. A. Wagan, M. Ali, K. Hussain, R. Bibi
Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) is one of the most significant parts of network security that can make secure transactions over a network. Despite many efforts in the field, we can observe increased sophistication and variety of attacks on networks. In such situation Machine learning (ML) based methods have emerged some of the most effective as well as popular methods to detect the attacks. One of the complexities involved in the ML-based method is that they are mostly of the black-box nature, so their inner working phenomena are very often quite complex to understand and interpret. Moreover, high-dimensional features and an inadequate number of training records have caused some problems in the classifications, such as over fitting of the results, noise sensitiveness, overload computation and lack of significant physical interoperability. In this paper, we propose a discriminative features selection and network intrusion classification by applying sparse modeling with Lasso and SVMs with two kernel functions. SVMs are standard ML techniques which can provide reasonable performance however it can have some shortcomings such as interpretability and huge computational cost. On the other hand, sparse modeling has been considered as an advanced technique for data analysis and processing via regularization. Sparse modeling can be used to simultaneously select discriminative features from the repository of the dataset. Moreover, it also determines the coefficient of the linear classifier where prior information about features structure can be mapped into various sparsity-inducing regularization such as Lasso. Furthermore, we apply sparse modeling for the multiclass-classification purpose; in this way, we can identify and select the features yielded by the network attacks that are the most significant ones. Our experimental in this correspondence suggest that the proposed techniques have better performance than most of the state-of-the-art methods.
{"title":"An Efficient Technique for Network Intrusion Detection Using Feature selection","authors":"R. A. Shah, A. A. Wagan, M. Ali, K. Hussain, R. Bibi","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.77","url":null,"abstract":"Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) is one of the most significant parts of network security that can make secure transactions over a network. Despite many efforts in the field, we can observe increased sophistication and variety of attacks on networks. In such situation Machine learning (ML) based methods have emerged some of the most effective as well as popular methods to detect the attacks. One of the complexities involved in the ML-based method is that they are mostly of the black-box nature, so their inner working phenomena are very often quite complex to understand and interpret. Moreover, high-dimensional features and an inadequate number of training records have caused some problems in the classifications, such as over fitting of the results, noise sensitiveness, overload computation and lack of significant physical interoperability. In this paper, we propose a discriminative features selection and network intrusion classification by applying sparse modeling with Lasso and SVMs with two kernel functions. SVMs are standard ML techniques which can provide reasonable performance however it can have some shortcomings such as interpretability and huge computational cost. On the other hand, sparse modeling has been considered as an advanced technique for data analysis and processing via regularization. Sparse modeling can be used to simultaneously select discriminative features from the repository of the dataset. Moreover, it also determines the coefficient of the linear classifier where prior information about features structure can be mapped into various sparsity-inducing regularization such as Lasso. Furthermore, we apply sparse modeling for the multiclass-classification purpose; in this way, we can identify and select the features yielded by the network attacks that are the most significant ones. Our experimental in this correspondence suggest that the proposed techniques have better performance than most of the state-of-the-art methods.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74620375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.68
F. Ali, G. Ahmad, S. Jan, S. Faheem
any electrical system efficiency is a key pgn= Efficiency strictly depends on system losses. Generally,batteries are charged by conventional methods like Solar/Photovoltaic charging or alternatively they can be charged using Electrical Supply and then the available stored power can be reused when required. This paper is focused on free battery charging based on radiant energy, which is produced as a result of making and breaking of magnetic dipoles in form of high voltage spikes. Initially the rotor requires a kick, then it attains a fixed synchronous speed and rotates almost indefinitely.Making and breaking of dipoles results in high voltage spikes which allows charging of a number of batteries connected in parallel without any cost. The charged batteries can be used directly to feed DC load or with an inverter circuit to feed AC load. The charging time of batteries is 200 minutes, whereas the effective discharge time is around 170 -180 minutes. Though a gap of 20-30 minutes exists, but as multiple batteries are charged at a time; the system works effectively at very high efficiency.
{"title":"Charge Discharge Analysis of a 12-Volt Battery using Radiant Battery Energizer","authors":"F. Ali, G. Ahmad, S. Jan, S. Faheem","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.68","url":null,"abstract":"any electrical system efficiency is a key pgn= Efficiency strictly depends on system losses. Generally,batteries are charged by conventional methods like Solar/Photovoltaic charging or alternatively they can be charged using Electrical Supply and then the available stored power can be reused when required. This paper is focused on free battery charging based on radiant energy, which is produced as a result of making and breaking of magnetic dipoles in form of high voltage spikes. Initially the rotor requires a kick, then it attains a fixed synchronous speed and rotates almost indefinitely.Making and breaking of dipoles results in high voltage spikes which allows charging of a number of batteries connected in parallel without any cost. The charged batteries can be used directly to feed DC load or with an inverter circuit to feed AC load. The charging time of batteries is 200 minutes, whereas the effective discharge time is around 170 -180 minutes. Though a gap of 20-30 minutes exists, but as multiple batteries are charged at a time; the system works effectively at very high efficiency.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73687196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/SURJ/2019.09.69
S. S. C. Baloch, A. W. Shaikh, A. Shaikh
In this paper, we develop a modified version of explicit scheme based on finite difference method for the one-dimensional parabolic partial differential equations with nonlocal time weighting initial conditions. The dominancy of the Saulyev’s schemes based on finite difference, over the previous explicit FTCS, Duke-Frankel, as well as implicit BTCS, Crandal’s technique and Crank Nicholson’s scheme has already been established, which proved to be unconditionally stable, use less CPU time and computational effort. However, in this paper a modification of Saulyev’s first kind formula is developed. Main focus was to reduce error of the Saulyev’s formula using proposed method. The comparison has been carried out between both methods to observe errors in different conditions and step sizes. The new modified scheme is proved to be satisfactory and unconditionally stable.
{"title":"Modified Method for Parabolic Equations in one Dimensional with Nonlocal time Weighting Initial Condition","authors":"S. S. C. Baloch, A. W. Shaikh, A. Shaikh","doi":"10.26692/SURJ/2019.09.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SURJ/2019.09.69","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we develop a modified version of explicit scheme based on finite difference method for the one-dimensional parabolic partial differential equations with nonlocal time weighting initial conditions. The dominancy of the Saulyev’s schemes based on finite difference, over the previous explicit FTCS, Duke-Frankel, as well as implicit BTCS, Crandal’s technique and Crank Nicholson’s scheme has already been established, which proved to be unconditionally stable, use less CPU time and computational effort. However, in this paper a modification of Saulyev’s first kind formula is developed. Main focus was to reduce error of the Saulyev’s formula using proposed method. The comparison has been carried out between both methods to observe errors in different conditions and step sizes. The new modified scheme is proved to be satisfactory and unconditionally stable.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78811151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：