Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.66
Z. Abbasi, R. Sultana, M. Wagan, F. Soomro
The present investigation has been carried on the population fluctuation of aphids on the different wheat varieties i-e TD-1, Benazir, Tj-83, QS-4, NIAamber from larkana district. Triticium astivum (wheat) is considered very important food crop in Pakistan including Sindh. This crop is attacked by numbers of insect including aphids, which is responsible for reduction of its yield. The occurrence of aphid has been started in the month of January and its peak infestation was observed during mid March when wheat crop was fully grown. During the present study significant large numbers of specimens were collected from the different varieties of wheat. The collected material was sorted out in to two species viz: Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Schizaphis graminum (Rondani). During this study it was noted that TD-1 was significantly affected by R.padi and S.gramium as compare to other tested varieties. It was observed that aphid reached peak point in mid February on leaves then in the end of February aphids started shifting from leaves to ears and their population start to decline in month of April.
{"title":"Population, Fluctuation of Aphid on the different Wheat Varieties from Larkana District","authors":"Z. Abbasi, R. Sultana, M. Wagan, F. Soomro","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.66","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation has been carried on the population fluctuation of aphids on the different wheat varieties i-e TD-1, Benazir, Tj-83, QS-4, NIAamber from larkana district. Triticium astivum (wheat) is considered very important food crop in Pakistan including Sindh. This crop is attacked by numbers of insect including aphids, which is responsible for reduction of its yield. The occurrence of aphid has been started in the month of January and its peak infestation was observed during mid March when wheat crop was fully grown. During the present study significant large numbers of specimens were collected from the different varieties of wheat. The collected material was sorted out in to two species viz: Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Schizaphis graminum (Rondani). During this study it was noted that TD-1 was significantly affected by R.padi and S.gramium as compare to other tested varieties. It was observed that aphid reached peak point in mid February on leaves then in the end of February aphids started shifting from leaves to ears and their population start to decline in month of April.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88135967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.88
S. Soomro, G. Dastagir
The present study was design to assess the freshwater crabs and physico –chemical parameters of shakerloy (Siyap) stream district Nushki Balochistan Pakistan. Collection of water and crab samples was started from March 2017 to February 2018. In case of crabs total five species of fresh water crabs Potamonibericum, Potamonfluviatile, Potamongedrosianum, Pyxidognathusfluviatilis and Austrotelphusatransversa were found as dominant species of Shaker loy stream. The water quality parameters like temperature, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, total dissolved solids, conductivity and biological oxygen demands were enumerated and noticed within the suitable ranges and no significant variation was recorded. Finally concluded that water of Shaker loystream found to be suitable for drinking, irrigation and fisheries management purpose.
{"title":"Effect of Seasonal Variations of Fresh Water crabs of Shaker loy(Siyap) Stream of District Nushki Balochistan Pakistan","authors":"S. Soomro, G. Dastagir","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.88","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was design to assess the freshwater crabs and physico –chemical parameters of shakerloy (Siyap) stream district Nushki Balochistan Pakistan. Collection of water and crab samples was started from March 2017 to February 2018. In case of crabs total five species of fresh water crabs Potamonibericum, Potamonfluviatile, Potamongedrosianum, Pyxidognathusfluviatilis and Austrotelphusatransversa were found as dominant species of Shaker loy stream. The water quality parameters like temperature, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, total dissolved solids, conductivity and biological oxygen demands were enumerated and noticed within the suitable ranges and no significant variation was recorded. Finally concluded that water of Shaker loystream found to be suitable for drinking, irrigation and fisheries management purpose.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91526728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.90
B. A. Laghari, I. A. Halepoto, A. K. Rajper, I. Ahmed, R. H. Mari, M. A. Abbasi
We present experimental measurement of photoelectron collection efficiency of a new organic semiconductor photocathode Vp81in pure methane and argon methane mixtures in different ratios as a function of applied reduced electric field at a gas pressure of 200 torr. It is confirmed that collection efficiency increases in charge collection mode and reaches near the vacuum value at high gas gain. The general universal behavior was also confirmed as predicted by some authors.
{"title":"Photoelectron Collection Efficiency Measurement of Vp81 Photocathode","authors":"B. A. Laghari, I. A. Halepoto, A. K. Rajper, I. Ahmed, R. H. Mari, M. A. Abbasi","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.90","url":null,"abstract":"We present experimental measurement of photoelectron collection efficiency of a new organic semiconductor photocathode Vp81in pure methane and argon methane mixtures in different ratios as a function of applied reduced electric field at a gas pressure of 200 torr. It is confirmed that collection efficiency increases in charge collection mode and reaches near the vacuum value at high gas gain. The general universal behavior was also confirmed as predicted by some authors.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80784191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.87
B. N. Soomro, N. A. Jaffar, S. Bhatti, L. A. Thebo
This article presents not to simply a unique two stage regularization/shrinkage estimator for regression; rather, explicit to make the Bayesian framework connection to the Elastic Net procedure via the post-processed Edge preserving filtering which consist of two steps. We evaluated the quality of bands with pixel-based classifier associated with the Elastic Net based regularized regression. Next, spatial contextual information is used for refining the classification results obtained in the first step. This is achieved by means of a generic but powerful bilateral filtering post-processing, with a color guidance image retrieved from the principal components of the hyper-spectral image. Under the generalized Elastic Net framework, our proposed model showed the less time complexity. When comparing three widely used hyper-spectral data sets with the other classification methods, our method has shown the noticeable classification accuracy while the number of training samples is relatively small.
{"title":"A Unique Spectral Spatial Bayesian Framework via Elastic Net Regression for the Classification of Hyperspectral images","authors":"B. N. Soomro, N. A. Jaffar, S. Bhatti, L. A. Thebo","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.87","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents not to simply a unique two stage regularization/shrinkage estimator for regression; rather, explicit to make the Bayesian framework connection to the Elastic Net procedure via the post-processed Edge preserving filtering which consist of two steps. We evaluated the quality of bands with pixel-based classifier associated with the Elastic Net based regularized regression. Next, spatial contextual information is used for refining the classification results obtained in the first step. This is achieved by means of a generic but powerful bilateral filtering post-processing, with a color guidance image retrieved from the principal components of the hyper-spectral image. Under the generalized Elastic Net framework, our proposed model showed the less time complexity. When comparing three widely used hyper-spectral data sets with the other classification methods, our method has shown the noticeable classification accuracy while the number of training samples is relatively small.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75378931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.26692/surj/2019.09.86
H. Abbasi, A. Chughtai, G. Sultana, Adh Ban, O. A. Farea, H. Islam
The deterioration of forests has contributed to greenhouse effect on massive scale, during last four decades and related regional climatic changes and rapid disappearance of natural landscapes left unattended will cause no sign of forests in the past. The integrated remote sensing technology applied to assess forest resources cover information regarding health and related problems and depended factors such as rural population, livestock and wildlife. The main focus of this study is to quantitatively assess deforestation to evaluate forest cover change from 1979 to 2010. The employment of space borne Landsat MSS and TM sensor (multi-spectrum sensor & thematic Mapper) technology is used to analyze forests patterns and Maximum Likelihood Algorithm is applied for quantitative assessment. This study was also conducted to carry out field survey in Thatta riverine forest from Kotri barrage to Arabian Sea and three hundred samples were collected from different locations using GPS device (global positioning system) the results of remote sensing satellite imagery helped to find out significant changes in Thatta forests cover from 1979 to 2010. The forests cover in 1979 was 35.11%, 1992 29.14%, 1998 8.10%, 2000 5.56%, 2006 2.57%, 2009 1.96%, 2009-12 3.02% and 2010 2.23% the overall change observed in forests area 89.07%. The field survey revealed that the main causes of deforestation asconstruction of dams/barrages on the upper streams to produce hydroelectric power and irrigation purpose which significantly reduction in the discharge of fresh water into the lower Indus basin. The reduction in flood caused severe erosion of the Indus Delta; the sea water has been encroached the Indus basin and livestock population increased grazing load and illegal tree cutting; these main causes directly impacted on natural sub- tropical forests and also effected rural population which depended on forests produced. All these uncontrolled situations have been creating environmental, climatically, social and economical problems direct impacted on Indus region and these changes threatening Indus Eco-region system.
{"title":"Spatio-temporal Land use/cover assessment of Sub-Tropical Forests ofThatta Division","authors":"H. Abbasi, A. Chughtai, G. Sultana, Adh Ban, O. A. Farea, H. Islam","doi":"10.26692/surj/2019.09.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/surj/2019.09.86","url":null,"abstract":"The deterioration of forests has contributed to greenhouse effect on massive scale, during last four decades and related regional climatic changes and rapid disappearance of natural landscapes left unattended will cause no sign of forests in the past. The integrated remote sensing technology applied to assess forest resources cover information regarding health and related problems and depended factors such as rural population, livestock and wildlife. The main focus of this study is to quantitatively assess deforestation to evaluate forest cover change from 1979 to 2010. The employment of space borne Landsat MSS and TM sensor (multi-spectrum sensor & thematic Mapper) technology is used to analyze forests patterns and Maximum Likelihood Algorithm is applied for quantitative assessment. This study was also conducted to carry out field survey in Thatta riverine forest from Kotri barrage to Arabian Sea and three hundred samples were collected from different locations using GPS device (global positioning system) the results of remote sensing satellite imagery helped to find out significant changes in Thatta forests cover from 1979 to 2010. The forests cover in 1979 was 35.11%, 1992 29.14%, 1998 8.10%, 2000 5.56%, 2006 2.57%, 2009 1.96%, 2009-12 3.02% and 2010 2.23% the overall change observed in forests area 89.07%. The field survey revealed that the main causes of deforestation asconstruction of dams/barrages on the upper streams to produce hydroelectric power and irrigation purpose which significantly reduction in the discharge of fresh water into the lower Indus basin. The reduction in flood caused severe erosion of the Indus Delta; the sea water has been encroached the Indus basin and livestock population increased grazing load and illegal tree cutting; these main causes directly impacted on natural sub- tropical forests and also effected rural population which depended on forests produced. All these uncontrolled situations have been creating environmental, climatically, social and economical problems direct impacted on Indus region and these changes threatening Indus Eco-region system.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76634234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Qureshi, A. Ghanghro, M. S. Memon, N. Shaikh, A. M. Waryah
Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) caused by hepatitis C (HCV) virus, approximately estimated 170-200 million individuals in the world including Pakistan having 10 million HCV infected . The effective available treatment option is a combination of Pegylated interferon (PegIFN) and Ribavirin (RBV) . Recently Genome wide association studies (GAWAS)supporting two single nucleotide polymorphism SNPs adjacent interleukin 28B gene associated with spontaneous and treatment induced clearance of HCV patients. The aim of the present study was to analysis the impact of response associated interleukin 28B(IL28B) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) rs12979860, rs8099917 in different treatment interval with one month (RVR) and after end of treatment (SVR) with Pegylated Interferon(PEG IFN) and Ribavirin in Hepatitis C genotype 3 patients. The present study enrolled 200 HCV RNA positive genotype 3 patients having both SNPs (rs12979860, rs8099917) were analyzed by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). The frequency distribution of IL28B genotypes were investigated by SNIPs (rs12979860 and rs8099917) in HCV RNA positive genotype 3 patients in Pakistani population
{"title":"Comparative Study of Interleukin 28B Gene in Genotype 3 Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Before and After Treated With Interferon/Pegylated in Sindh","authors":"S. Qureshi, A. Ghanghro, M. S. Memon, N. Shaikh, A. M. Waryah","doi":"10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.49","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) caused by hepatitis C (HCV) virus, approximately estimated 170-200 million individuals in the world including Pakistan having 10 million HCV infected . The effective available treatment option is a combination of Pegylated interferon (PegIFN) and Ribavirin (RBV) . Recently Genome wide association studies (GAWAS)supporting two single nucleotide polymorphism SNPs adjacent interleukin 28B gene associated with spontaneous and treatment induced clearance of HCV patients. The aim of the present study was to analysis the impact of response associated interleukin 28B(IL28B) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) rs12979860, rs8099917 in different treatment interval with one month (RVR) and after end of treatment (SVR) with Pegylated Interferon(PEG IFN) and Ribavirin in Hepatitis C genotype 3 patients. The present study enrolled 200 HCV RNA positive genotype 3 patients having both SNPs (rs12979860, rs8099917) were analyzed by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). The frequency distribution of IL28B genotypes were investigated by SNIPs (rs12979860 and rs8099917) in HCV RNA positive genotype 3 patients in Pakistani population","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85964941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samples of major carp,Catlacatla, were collected for the analyses of proximate body composition which were fed 15% crude protein (CP) in treatment-1 (T1), 20% CP in treatment-2 (T2), 25% CP in treatment-3 (T3) and 30% CP in treatment-4 (T4), reared under polyculture system in earthen ponds with a stocking density of 2000 fish/acre. Moisture, ash, fat, protein, organic contents and fat free dry mass were measured in fish samples of the different treatments. In the wet weight of the Catlacatla, mean values of moisture, ash, fat and protein contents were ranged 72.93%-81.88%, 3.26%-6.03%, 3.35%-6.83% and 13.52%-15.94, respectively, in different treatments. Results also revealed a definite effect of varying dietary protein levels on the proximate body composition of Catlacatla. Moisture and protein contents in wet weight of the fish bodywere found significantly higher (p 0.05) in different treatments. Results forregression analyses showed strong positive correlation (p<0.001) of percent moisture content with percent ash content while negative correlation with protein and fat percentage, in wet body weight of Catlacatla.Negative correlation was found in %moisture and %ash content, while %fat and %protein were positively correlated with fish size (weight and length) in wet body weight for all treatments. The baseline data generated on nutritional composition of this carp would be of use for both the consumers as well as fish processors.
{"title":"Effect of Dietary Protein Levels on Body Composition of Catlacatla from Pakistan","authors":"A. Ishtiaq, M. Naeem","doi":"10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.51","url":null,"abstract":"Samples of major carp,Catlacatla, were collected for the analyses of proximate body composition which were fed 15% crude protein (CP) in treatment-1 (T1), 20% CP in treatment-2 (T2), 25% CP in treatment-3 (T3) and 30% CP in treatment-4 (T4), reared under polyculture system in earthen ponds with a stocking density of 2000 fish/acre. Moisture, ash, fat, protein, organic contents and fat free dry mass were measured in fish samples of the different treatments. In the wet weight of the Catlacatla, mean values of moisture, ash, fat and protein contents were ranged 72.93%-81.88%, 3.26%-6.03%, 3.35%-6.83% and 13.52%-15.94, respectively, in different treatments. Results also revealed a definite effect of varying dietary protein levels on the proximate body composition of Catlacatla. Moisture and protein contents in wet weight of the fish bodywere found significantly higher (p 0.05) in different treatments. Results forregression analyses showed strong positive correlation (p<0.001) of percent moisture content with percent ash content while negative correlation with protein and fat percentage, in wet body weight of Catlacatla.Negative correlation was found in %moisture and %ash content, while %fat and %protein were positively correlated with fish size (weight and length) in wet body weight for all treatments. The baseline data generated on nutritional composition of this carp would be of use for both the consumers as well as fish processors.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87089743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Abbas, A. Malik, T. Chohan, A. Fatima, S. Yousuf, T. Aman, Abdul Ghaffar, M. Hafeez-ur-Rehman, A. Jabbar
Juvenile milkfish, Chanos chanos (weight 7.4±0.2 g and length 9.1±0.2 cm) were use into three treatment groups (10 fish each) and were fed with Artemia, floating and sinking feeds with two replications. Growth parameters were measured fortnightly. Water quality was determined daily; salinity 28ppt, water temperature 26.3±1.5°C, dissolved oxygen 7.3±0.6 ml L-1, pH 8.0±0.1 and ammonia 0.002±0.0001 ml L-1.Fish were given daily ration of 2% body weight three times. Highest weight gain (WG) of the fish fed artemia (42.0+2.3 g) and floating feed (40.1±1.6 g) was achieved than those of the sinking one (32.3±1.5 g) and control group (20.2±1.7 g). Specific growth rate (%) remained considerably (P 0.05) in all treatment groups. The concentration of sodium (75.8%-76.2%), potassium (128.7%-129.5%), magnesium (64.4%-64.7%), calcium (11.0%-11.5%), copper (0.1%-0.3%), zinc (1.4%-1.9%), manganese (0.1%), iron (1.4%-1.7%) remained consistent among all treatment groups. In conclusion, Chanos chanos showed significantly (P˂0.05) higher growth on both live (Artemia) as well as on floating feed. Since, floating feed over the live feed is cost effective and cheaper source of protein, thus, floating feed can be suggested for raising milkfish under the culture conditions of this experiment.
{"title":"Effect of Live and Formulated Diets on Growth, Feed Conversion and Meat Quality of Juvenile Milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal, 1775) Reared in Seawater","authors":"G. Abbas, A. Malik, T. Chohan, A. Fatima, S. Yousuf, T. Aman, Abdul Ghaffar, M. Hafeez-ur-Rehman, A. Jabbar","doi":"10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.59","url":null,"abstract":"Juvenile milkfish, Chanos chanos (weight 7.4±0.2 g and length 9.1±0.2 cm) were use into three treatment groups (10 fish each) and were fed with Artemia, floating and sinking feeds with two replications. Growth parameters were measured fortnightly. Water quality was determined daily; salinity 28ppt, water temperature 26.3±1.5°C, dissolved oxygen 7.3±0.6 ml L-1, pH 8.0±0.1 and ammonia 0.002±0.0001 ml L-1.Fish were given daily ration of 2% body weight three times. Highest weight gain (WG) of the fish fed artemia (42.0+2.3 g) and floating feed (40.1±1.6 g) was achieved than those of the sinking one (32.3±1.5 g) and control group (20.2±1.7 g). Specific growth rate (%) remained considerably (P 0.05) in all treatment groups. The concentration of sodium (75.8%-76.2%), potassium (128.7%-129.5%), magnesium (64.4%-64.7%), calcium (11.0%-11.5%), copper (0.1%-0.3%), zinc (1.4%-1.9%), manganese (0.1%), iron (1.4%-1.7%) remained consistent among all treatment groups. In conclusion, Chanos chanos showed significantly (P˂0.05) higher growth on both live (Artemia) as well as on floating feed. Since, floating feed over the live feed is cost effective and cheaper source of protein, thus, floating feed can be suggested for raising milkfish under the culture conditions of this experiment.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89935250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To achieve better performance of multicast routing protocols for MANETs in various scenarios is still a contemporary issue for the researchers to explore. Distribution structure created as tree or mesh may cause pros and cons in these protocols. Among them MAODV which creates Tree based structure and PUMA creating Mesh based structure are famous routing protocols for MANETs. The research paper evaluate these protocols, and their performance is arbitrated by applying various stress conditions. These stress conditions are based on exponentially increasing the number of simultaneous listeners and join-leave sessions per node to evaluate the appropriate distribution structured protocol surviving and maintaining its performance. Increasing the join/leave sessions in different scenarios particularly assesses the strategy of distribution structure. Packet delivery ratio (PDR) is taken as a metric to compare the performance of above mentioned MAODV and PUMA multicast routing protocols.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation: MAODV (Tree-based) Vs. PUMA(Mesh-based) Multicast Protocols for MANETs","authors":"N. N. Hussaini, S. Abbasi, A. A. Chandio, S. Shah","doi":"10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.60","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve better performance of multicast routing protocols for MANETs in various scenarios is still a contemporary issue for the researchers to explore. Distribution structure created as tree or mesh may cause pros and cons in these protocols. Among them MAODV which creates Tree based structure and PUMA creating Mesh based structure are famous routing protocols for MANETs. The research paper evaluate these protocols, and their performance is arbitrated by applying various stress conditions. These stress conditions are based on exponentially increasing the number of simultaneous listeners and join-leave sessions per node to evaluate the appropriate distribution structured protocol surviving and maintaining its performance. Increasing the join/leave sessions in different scenarios particularly assesses the strategy of distribution structure. Packet delivery ratio (PDR) is taken as a metric to compare the performance of above mentioned MAODV and PUMA multicast routing protocols.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82297928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Burdi, A. A. Khan, S. Awan, F. Abbasi, S. H. F. Naqvi, A. Nizamani
Nowadays, security in network environment is becoming a challenging problem, providing prevention of confidential records arises as a critical task. Modern creation in network can reduce the rate of uncertainty as-well-as at the same time growth of threats increases rapidly in past few decades i.e. vulnerabilities, and potential risks. Confidentiality of crucial informationis one of the main objectives, to protect integrity when its traveling from one node to another, ensure it can’t divulge by malicious insider, anonymous, trust, and malicious attacks.In this research paper, the proposed solution is to design interface where communication can be done in a secure manner, behind it has a mechanism which hide essential information, symmetric key cryptographic algorithm named advance encryption standard (AES) using python with additional library called pycrypto and tries to formulate algorithm efficiency, accuracy, execution time plus system capability.
{"title":"Network Security Using Python: An Empirical Analysis of Advance Encryption Standard (AES)","authors":"A. Burdi, A. A. Khan, S. Awan, F. Abbasi, S. H. F. Naqvi, A. Nizamani","doi":"10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26692/SUJO/2019.6.48","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, security in network environment is becoming a challenging problem, providing prevention of confidential records arises as a critical task. Modern creation in network can reduce the rate of uncertainty as-well-as at the same time growth of threats increases rapidly in past few decades i.e. vulnerabilities, and potential risks. Confidentiality of crucial informationis one of the main objectives, to protect integrity when its traveling from one node to another, ensure it can’t divulge by malicious insider, anonymous, trust, and malicious attacks.In this research paper, the proposed solution is to design interface where communication can be done in a secure manner, behind it has a mechanism which hide essential information, symmetric key cryptographic algorithm named advance encryption standard (AES) using python with additional library called pycrypto and tries to formulate algorithm efficiency, accuracy, execution time plus system capability.","PeriodicalId":21635,"journal":{"name":"SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86790417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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