Focusing on the magazine Silâns, produced by students and tutors Barry Flanagan, Rudy Leenders and Alistair Jackson on the Advanced Sculpture Course at St Martin’s College of Art between 1964 and 1965, this article explores the magazine as a collaborative space for students and tutors alike. Arguing that while the ‘group crit’ or discussion forum at St Martin’s offered students a verbal platform to describe, defend or critique their work (which increasingly relied on concepts and ideas over formal properties), it was the format of the art school magazine that offered a space for discourse and collaboration. By questioning the purpose of art and the role of the artist more generally, Silâns offered a site for critique of a rapidly changing art education system. In doing so, it prefigured later conceptual magazines that encompassed similar territory and preoccupations. I argue that although the content and form of Silâns are now identified in relation to concrete poetry, it is better situated in the context of early text-based conceptual art practice. The emphasis on the magazine as a means to disseminate concrete poetry tacitly avoids any of its political implications, in favour of its formal aspects. In concluding that the importance of Silâns, as an alternative platform for student collaboration and a precursor to later text-based conceptual art practice, has so far been overlooked and confined instead to a footnote in the sculptor Barry Flanagan’s biography, I argue that, more than group crit, this magazine is a manifestation of the verbal impulse in art colleges.
{"title":"‘A sculpture that has never been seen before’: the Advanced Sculpture Course, group crit and Silâns magazine at St Martin’s College of Art1","authors":"L. Lee","doi":"10.3828/SJ.2021.30.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/SJ.2021.30.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the magazine Silâns, produced by students and tutors Barry Flanagan, Rudy Leenders and Alistair Jackson on the Advanced Sculpture Course at St Martin’s College of Art between 1964 and 1965, this article explores the magazine as a collaborative space for students and tutors alike. Arguing that while the ‘group crit’ or discussion forum at St Martin’s offered students a verbal platform to describe, defend or critique their work (which increasingly relied on concepts and ideas over formal properties), it was the format of the art school magazine that offered a space for discourse and collaboration. By questioning the purpose of art and the role of the artist more generally, Silâns offered a site for critique of a rapidly changing art education system. In doing so, it prefigured later conceptual magazines that encompassed similar territory and preoccupations. I argue that although the content and form of Silâns are now identified in relation to concrete poetry, it is better situated in the context of early text-based conceptual art practice. The emphasis on the magazine as a means to disseminate concrete poetry tacitly avoids any of its political implications, in favour of its formal aspects. In concluding that the importance of Silâns, as an alternative platform for student collaboration and a precursor to later text-based conceptual art practice, has so far been overlooked and confined instead to a footnote in the sculptor Barry Flanagan’s biography, I argue that, more than group crit, this magazine is a manifestation of the verbal impulse in art colleges.","PeriodicalId":21666,"journal":{"name":"Sculpture Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"71-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69952860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article focuses on the national reception of the Spanish Renaissance sculptor and painter Alonso Berruguete over the twentieth century. It considers the artist’s critical fortunes, from the first monograph dedicated to Berruguete in 1917 to the erection of a monument in Palencia on the fourth centenary of his death in 1961. This article shows how Berruguete was used to consolidate a modern image of Spain and Spanishness, along with El Greco and others from the pantheon of Iberian art. This agenda, in which his works were interpreted in terms of spiritual realism and Catholic orthodoxy, was carried forward despite the dramatically changing ideological context before and after the Spanish Civil War. In this context, Berruguete was selected as a symbol of the true essence of the Spanish soul by critics such as Elías Tormo and Eugeni D’Ors. The framing of Berruguete in terms of this specific art historiography - to which this study devotes critical attention for the first time - can be considered one of the reasons for the modern interest in Berruguete and provides an important background for any study on the sculptor.
{"title":"Celebrating Alonso Berruguete: art history and Spanish identity before and after the Civil War","authors":"Tommaso Mozzati","doi":"10.3828/SJ.2021.30.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/SJ.2021.30.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the national reception of the Spanish Renaissance sculptor and painter Alonso Berruguete over the twentieth century. It considers the artist’s critical fortunes, from the first monograph dedicated to Berruguete in 1917 to the erection of a monument in Palencia on the fourth centenary of his death in 1961. This article shows how Berruguete was used to consolidate a modern image of Spain and Spanishness, along with El Greco and others from the pantheon of Iberian art. This agenda, in which his works were interpreted in terms of spiritual realism and Catholic orthodoxy, was carried forward despite the dramatically changing ideological context before and after the Spanish Civil War. In this context, Berruguete was selected as a symbol of the true essence of the Spanish soul by critics such as Elías Tormo and Eugeni D’Ors. The framing of Berruguete in terms of this specific art historiography - to which this study devotes critical attention for the first time - can be considered one of the reasons for the modern interest in Berruguete and provides an important background for any study on the sculptor.","PeriodicalId":21666,"journal":{"name":"Sculpture Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"53-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69953268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the beginning of the twentieth century there has been a small but significant number of studies dedicated to Grinling Gibbons. In the mid-century Gibbons’s establishment in the broader public consciousness can be traced in the emergence of children’s books and school plays that mythologized his life and career. Yet all publications, both scholarly and juvenile, are united in their presentation of Gibbons as the only sculptor of significance to have emerged in late seventeenth-century England. I argue that this is an inaccurate portrayal of the period, and one that was not shared by his contemporaries. By contextualizing Gibbons among his predecessors, collaborators and competitors, the specific nature of Gibbons’s sculptural contribution can be more accurately placed. Such an analysis further provides a perspective from which we can understand more fully the ways in which sculpture mattered to a seventeenth-century audience.
{"title":"Grinling Gibbons in context: the vitality of English seventeenth-century sculptural production","authors":"C. Davis","doi":"10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Since the beginning of the twentieth century there has been a small but significant number of studies dedicated to Grinling Gibbons. In the mid-century Gibbons’s establishment in the broader public consciousness can be traced in the emergence of children’s books and school plays that mythologized his life and career. Yet all publications, both scholarly and juvenile, are united in their presentation of Gibbons as the only sculptor of significance to have emerged in late seventeenth-century England. I argue that this is an inaccurate portrayal of the period, and one that was not shared by his contemporaries. By contextualizing Gibbons among his predecessors, collaborators and competitors, the specific nature of Gibbons’s sculptural contribution can be more accurately placed. Such an analysis further provides a perspective from which we can understand more fully the ways in which sculpture mattered to a seventeenth-century audience.","PeriodicalId":21666,"journal":{"name":"Sculpture Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"299-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44132740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Memories of James David Draper, 1943-2019","authors":"P. Motture","doi":"10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21666,"journal":{"name":"Sculpture Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"401-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43285824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grinling Gibbons’s still-life sculpture emerged out of the artistic and proto-scientific culture of the seventeenth-century Netherlands and was understood in these intellectual terms by the sophisticated, courtly consumers of his work in Restoration England. Our fondness for a myth of Gibbons as a dazzlingly skilful but intellectually vapid artist should not blind us to the intellectual focus of his sculptures. The carved frame for Elias Ashmole’s portrait in the Ashmolean collection is a sophisticated engagement with European cultures of collecting. The Cosimo panel for Charles II engages with the witty and formidably advanced scientific discourses of the Caroline court, while the limewood reredos in St James’ church, Piccadilly reaches back to the devotional roots of floral still life, reinterpreting it in the context of English Protestantism.
{"title":"Grinling Gibbons: a Dutch master in England","authors":"L. Cutler","doi":"10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Grinling Gibbons’s still-life sculpture emerged out of the artistic and proto-scientific culture of the seventeenth-century Netherlands and was understood in these intellectual terms by the sophisticated, courtly consumers of his work in Restoration England. Our fondness for a myth of Gibbons as a dazzlingly skilful but intellectually vapid artist should not blind us to the intellectual focus of his sculptures. The carved frame for Elias Ashmole’s portrait in the Ashmolean collection is a sophisticated engagement with European cultures of collecting. The Cosimo panel for Charles II engages with the witty and formidably advanced scientific discourses of the Caroline court, while the limewood reredos in St James’ church, Piccadilly reaches back to the devotional roots of floral still life, reinterpreting it in the context of English Protestantism.","PeriodicalId":21666,"journal":{"name":"Sculpture Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"275-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41938673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preface: Got wood? Queering Grinling Gibbons, at Fairfax House and beyond","authors":"Jason Edwards","doi":"10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21666,"journal":{"name":"Sculpture Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"261-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42639827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, I examine in unprecedented detail little-known Victorian craftsman William Coombe Sanders’ remarkable sheepskin Frame Resembling Carved Wood with Lobster and Crab Motif, now at the V&A, but first exhibited at the International Exhibition in London in 1862. The article asks three questions: What might we learn, from Sanders’ craft, about the likely mid-Victorian reception of Gibbons’s closely related marine works? How might we better understand Sanders’ and Gibbons’s work in the context not just of Victorian craft and design, but natural history and early twenty-first-century critical animal studies and vegan theory? And what might Sanders’ Gibbons-like relief teach us about the status of animals and humans in the longer history of still life as a genre?
{"title":"Bringing it all back home? Gibbons, William Coombe Sanders and mid-Victorian marine biology","authors":"Jason Edwards","doi":"10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In this article, I examine in unprecedented detail little-known Victorian craftsman William Coombe Sanders’ remarkable sheepskin Frame Resembling Carved Wood with Lobster and Crab Motif, now at the V&A, but first exhibited at the International Exhibition in London in 1862. The article asks three questions: What might we learn, from Sanders’ craft, about the likely mid-Victorian reception of Gibbons’s closely related marine works? How might we better understand Sanders’ and Gibbons’s work in the context not just of Victorian craft and design, but natural history and early twenty-first-century critical animal studies and vegan theory? And what might Sanders’ Gibbons-like relief teach us about the status of animals and humans in the longer history of still life as a genre?","PeriodicalId":21666,"journal":{"name":"Sculpture Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"361-378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42106308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction: This lime-tree bower my prison","authors":"M. Sullivan","doi":"10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/SJ.2020.29.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21666,"journal":{"name":"Sculpture Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"269-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43865869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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