Scientia Horticulturae最新文献_第5页

Enhancing tomato tolerance to low phosphorus stress through exogenous nano-silicon application 外源纳米硅提高番茄对低磷胁迫的耐性

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114635

Haoting Chen , Mengzhu Xu , Ting Tao, Yongjun Zhu, Binchuan Chang, Yu Shi, Jin Xu, Yi Zhang

Phosphorus is essential for plant growth, but excessive fertilizer may deplete phosphate rock reserves and cause environmental issues like eutrophication. Silicon has been reported to improve phosphorus use efficiency, yet the physiological and morphological responses of plants to low-phosphorus (LP) stress across developmental stages remain insufficiently characterized. In this study, we investigated the impact of ionic and nano-silicon foliar sprays (20 and 100 mg·L⁻¹) on the LP stress responses of hydroponically grown tomato seedlings. LP stress hindered seedling growth, elevated lipid peroxidation, and impaired carbohydrate metabolism, leading to altered fruit morphology and quality. Among all treatments, 100 mg·L⁻¹ nano-silicon most effectively reduced ROS accumulation through enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. It also optimized carbohydrate metabolism by upregulating sucrose synthase and invertase activities, thereby promoting organic matter accumulation and allocation. These improvements increased tomato yield by ∼19 % under LP stress. Fruit quality was also enhanced, with soluble sugar, sucrose, and vitamin C contents increasing by ∼50 %, ∼70 %, and ∼47 %, respectively. Overall, these findings demonstrate that exogenous foliar application of nano-silicon represents a promising agronomic strategy for improving the tolerance of tomato seedlings and fruit quality under LP conditions.

磷对植物生长至关重要，但过量的肥料可能会耗尽磷矿储量，并导致富营养化等环境问题。硅可以提高磷的利用效率，但植物对低磷胁迫的生理和形态反应在发育阶段的研究还不够充分。在这项研究中，我们研究了离子硅和纳米硅叶面喷剂（20和100 mg·L - 1）对水培番茄幼苗LP胁迫反应的影响。低脂胁迫抑制了幼苗生长，提高了脂质过氧化和碳水化合物代谢，导致果实形态和品质发生改变。在所有处理中，100 mg·L -纳米硅通过增强抗氧化酶活性最有效地减少ROS积累。通过上调蔗糖合酶和蔗糖转化酶活性，优化碳水化合物代谢，促进有机质积累和分配。这些改良措施使LP胁迫下的番茄产量提高了19%。果实品质也得到了改善，可溶性糖、蔗糖和维生素C含量分别提高了~ 50%、~ 70%和~ 47%。总的来说，这些研究结果表明，在LP条件下，外源叶面施用纳米硅是一种很有前途的农艺策略，可以提高番茄幼苗的耐受性和果实质量。

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引用次数: 0

Vvgai1 mutation impacts both organogenesis and functioning in Vitis labruscana microvines Vvgai1突变对葡萄的器官发生和功能都有影响

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114643

Jana Kändler , Luciana Wilhelm de Almeida , Laurent Torregrosa

In order to develop new genotypes to explore grapevine adaptation to climate, we introduced the Vvgai1 mutation in V. vinifera x V. labrusca hybrids. Vvgai1 mutation induced a strong miniaturisation of leaf and shoot length, as a result of a significant reduction of internodes size and an increase of the phyllochron. The lignification of the main shoots was delayed in the microvines in comparison to their macrovine counterparts while the leaf C assimilation rate was not impacted by the mutation. The shift from the alternate spiral (juvenile) to distichous (adult) phyllotaxis and the appearance of the first tendril occurred at lower node rank in macrovines. However, while macrovines did not produce any reproductive organs during the first vegetative cycle, microvines displayed the first perfect flowers on the main shoot from the internode 18, only a few months after embryo rescue and acclimation. The segregation of the sex type confirmed that the sex determining locus of the V. labrusca cv. Isabella is heterozygous. Conversely, the proportion of opposite-to-leaves organs following a labrusca- versus vinifera-type distribution suggested a more complex genetic determinism for this trait. These experiments provide a new set of microvine genotypes and phenotypic data for studying the response of V. labruscana to abiotic and biotic factors and open new questions about how phytohormones control the development of the grapevine liana.

为了开发新的基因型来探索葡萄对气候的适应性，我们将Vvgai1突变引入葡萄与葡萄的杂交品种中。Vvgai1突变导致叶片和茎长明显缩小，节间大小明显减小，叶长增加。与大藤相比，微藤主茎的木质化延迟，而叶片C的同化速率不受突变的影响。从交替螺旋状（幼体）到二列状（成体）叶状排列的转变和第一卷须的出现发生在大藤较低的节级。然而，大藤在第一次营养循环中没有产生任何生殖器官，而小藤在胚胎抢救和驯化几个月后，从节间18开始，在主茎上展示了第一批完美的花朵。性别类型的分离证实了雌雄同体的性别决定位点。伊莎贝拉是杂合子。相反，相对于叶片的器官的比例，在唇形与葡萄形的分布表明，这一特征有更复杂的遗传决定论。这些实验为研究葡萄藤本植物对非生物和生物因子的响应提供了一套新的基因型和表型数据，并为植物激素如何控制葡萄藤本植物的发育提供了新的问题。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative identification of regulatory genes for potato root development through GWAS, QTL mapping, and transcriptome analysis 通过GWAS、QTL定位和转录组分析综合鉴定马铃薯根系发育调控基因

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114627

Jing Yang , Die Jiang , Xinqi Li , Qinggang Liao , Xiaoyan Duan , Yichao Li , Fang Zhao , Wenyi Wang , Wei Tang , Canhui Li

Well-developed root systems are crucial for ensuring high and stable crop yields. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a typical shallow-rooted crop, making the improvement of root traits to enhance its production potential a significant research objective. This study employed a hydroponic system to investigate potato root phenotypes. Utilizing a natural population composed of 214 diploid potato germplasm resources, we conducted a genome-wide association study. This analysis identified 137 significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci associated with root traits, among which 12 were consistently detected across two independent environments. Furthermore, to complement the GWAS, an F₂ mapping population consisting of 170 individuals was developed from a cross between two diploid lines, HD5 and M9, which exhibit contrasting root phenotypes and possess highly homozygous genomes. Whole-genome resequencing was performed on the parental lines and the F₂ population for genotyping. This enabled the construction of a high-density genetic linkage map comprising 4646 Bin markers. Subsequent quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping using this map identified 38 genetic loci associated with root-related traits, with 16 loci detected in more than one analysis. Comparative analysis of the GWAS and QTL mapping results revealed 11 co-localized loci. To effectively prioritize candidate genes, we focused on 8 reliable loci that were both co-localized by GWAS and QTL mapping and consistently detected across environments. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of the two parental lines (HD5 and M9) identified 139 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) within these reliable loci. Among these DEGs, DM8C01G32920, DM8C02G29270, DM8C02G30060, DM8C03G31680, DM8C05G06230, DM8C09G02710, and DM8C09G21900 emerged as the most promising candidate genes potentially involved in potato root development.

发达的根系对确保作物高产和稳定至关重要。马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）是一种典型的浅根作物，改善马铃薯根系性状以提高其生产潜力是马铃薯研究的重要目标。本研究采用水培系统对马铃薯根系表型进行了研究。利用214个马铃薯二倍体种质资源组成的自然群体，进行了全基因组关联研究。该分析鉴定出137个与根性状相关的显著单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点，其中12个位点在两个独立的环境中一致检测到。此外，为了补充GWAS，由两个二倍体系HD5和M9杂交开发了一个由170个个体组成的F2定位群体，这两个系表现出截然不同的根表型，具有高度纯合的基因组。对亲本系和F2群体进行全基因组重测序进行基因分型。这使得构建包含4646个Bin标记的高密度遗传连锁图谱成为可能。随后利用该图谱进行数量性状位点（QTL）定位，鉴定出38个与根相关性状相关的遗传位点，其中16个位点在多个分析中被检测到。GWAS和QTL定位结果比较分析发现11个共定位位点。为了有效地确定候选基因的优先级，我们将重点放在了8个可靠的基因座上，这些基因座既通过GWAS和QTL定位，又在不同环境中被一致检测到。对两个亲本系（HD5和M9）的转录组测序分析在这些可靠的位点中鉴定出139个差异表达基因（DEGs）。在这些DEGs中，DM8C01G32920、DM8C02G29270、DM8C02G30060、DM8C03G31680、DM8C05G06230、DM8C09G02710和DM8C09G21900被认为是最有希望参与马铃薯根系发育的候选基因。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of fulvic acid and salicylic acid on mitigating salinity stress in Calendula officinalis: Physiological and biochemical responses 黄腐酸和水杨酸对金盏菊缓解盐胁迫的协同效应：生理生化反应

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114602

Fatemeh JomehNezhad, Safoora Saadati, Vahid Reza Saffari

Soil salinity significantly constrains the productivity of salt-sensitive crops like Calendula officinalis L., a valuable medicinal and ornamental species. Although fulvic acid (FA) and salicylic acid (SA) are recognized biostimulants for mitigating salinity stress, their combined efficacy remains largely unexplored. A factorial completely randomized design was used to assess the individual and synergistic effects of foliar-applied FA (0, 1, 2, 3 g L⁻¹) and SA (0, 100, 200 mg L⁻¹) on C. officinalis under salinity stress (EC 8.64 dS m⁻¹) in a controlled greenhouse environment. The FA×SA interaction revealed significant synergistic effects across key parameters. The combination of FA (3 g L⁻¹) and SA (200 mg L⁻¹) markedly enhanced plant resilience, significantly increasing flower production, biomass, and photosynthetic efficiency while reducing water loss. It also elevated chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, bolstered antioxidant defenses via increased peroxidase activity and proline accumulation, and improved nutrient uptake and protein synthesis. This synergistic approach provides a sustainable strategy to enhance C. officinalis resilience and productivity, offering a promising solution for cultivating salt-sensitive crops in saline environments.

土壤盐分严重限制了盐敏感作物如金盏菊（Calendula officinalis L.）的生产力，金盏菊是一种珍贵的药用和观赏植物。虽然黄腐酸（FA）和水杨酸（SA）是公认的减轻盐度胁迫的生物刺激剂，但它们的联合功效仍未得到充分研究。采用因子完全随机设计来评估在受控温室环境下，叶面施用FA（0、1、2、3 g L⁻¹）和SA（0、100、200 mg L⁻¹）对盐胁迫（EC 8.64 dS m⁻¹）下的金雀花的个体和协同效应。FA×SA交互作用揭示了跨关键参数的显著协同效应。FA （3g L - 1）和SA （200mg L - 1）的结合显著增强了植物的恢复力，显著增加了开花量、生物量和光合效率，同时减少了水分的流失。它还能提高叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量，通过增加过氧化物酶活性和脯氨酸积累增强抗氧化防御能力，改善营养吸收和蛋白质合成。这种协同方法提供了一种可持续的策略，以提高黄皮草的抗灾能力和生产力，为在盐碱化环境中种植盐敏感作物提供了一种有希望的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Interactive effects of air and nutrient solution temperature and CO2 concentration on growth, yield, and quality of fresh-cut culinary herbs 空气、营养液温度和CO2浓度对鲜切烹饪草本植物生长、产量和品质的交互影响

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114600

Seth W. Benjamin, Roberto G. Lopez

Basil (Ocimum basilicum), cilantro (Coriandrum sativum), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), and sage (Salvia officinalis) are among the most popular fresh-cut herbs; however, there is limited information available on how to maximize their growth and development in controlled environments. Given that cut herbs are sold by weight, the goal is to maximize harvestable fresh mass while minimizing production time, space, and energy inputs. Our objective was to determine the most effective nutrient solution temperature (NST), carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration, and air average daily temperature (ADT) to maximize yield. NST, CO₂, and ADT setpoints of 24, 28, or 32 °C, 450 or 900 μmol∙mol^‒1, and 20 or 23 °C respectively, were utilized. ADT contributed the most to the accumulation of shoot fresh mass (SFM) in basil, sage, and parsley. Increasing ADT from 20 to 23 °C increased SFM of parsley, sage, and basil by 46, 100, and 180%, respectively. Increasing CO₂ from 450 to 900 μmol∙mol^‒1 increased SFM of parsley and cilantro by 13 and 14% but decreased basil SFM by 12%. Increasing the NST from 24 to 28 °C increased the SFM of cilantro by 9%, and the SFM of sage was greatest when the NST was 24 or 28 °C. We conclude that SFM can be maximized by maintaining a 23 °C ADT, 28 °C NST, and 450 μmol∙mol^‒1 CO₂ for basil and sage, a 23 °C ADT, 24 °C NST, and 900 µmol·mol^–1 CO₂ for parsley, and a 20 °C ADT, 28 °C NST, and 450 µmol·mol^–1 CO₂ for cilantro.

罗勒（Ocimum basilicum）、香菜（Coriandrum sativum）、欧芹（Petroselinum crispum）和鼠尾草（Salvia officinalis）是最受欢迎的鲜切草药；然而，关于如何在受控环境中最大化它们的生长和发育的信息有限。考虑到切割草药按重量出售，目标是最大限度地收获新鲜质量，同时最大限度地减少生产时间、空间和能源投入。我们的目的是确定最有效的营养液温度（NST）、二氧化碳（CO2）浓度和空气平均日温度（ADT），以最大限度地提高产量。NST、CO2和ADT设定点分别为24、28或32°C， 450或900 μmol∙mol-1, 20或23°C。ADT对罗勒、鼠尾草和欧芹茎部鲜质量积累的贡献最大。从20 ~ 23℃增加ADT，欧芹、鼠尾草和罗勒的SFM分别提高了46%、100%和180%。当CO2浓度从450 μmol∙mol-1增加到900 μmol∙mol-1时，香菜和欧芹的SFM分别提高了13%和14%，罗勒的SFM则降低了12%。在24 ~ 28℃温度范围内，香菜的SFM增加9%，其中鼠尾草SFM在24、28℃温度范围内最大。我们得出结论，罗勒和鼠尾草保持23°C的ADT、28°C的NST和450 μmol∙mol - 1 CO2，香菜保持23°C的ADT、24°C的NST和900 μmol·mol - 1 CO2，香菜保持20°C的ADT、28°C的NST和450 μmol·mol - 1 CO2，可以最大限度地提高SFM。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of maturity on the nutrients, bioactive substances and taste of two cultivars of lotus seeds (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) 成熟期对两种莲子营养成分、生物活性物质及口感的影响

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114624

Haizhen Si , Hongru Liu , Xueting Liu , Hongxun Wang , Yang Yi , Youwei Ai , Hongyan Lu , Ting Min

The dynamic changes in nutrients and bioactive substances in Cun San lotus seeds (CS) and Tai Kong lotus seeds (TK) were investigated at different stages of maturity. The color of lotus seeds deepened with maturity. CS displayed longitudinal growth and TK exhibited transverse growth. CS and TK showed a decrease in VC content and an increase in soluble protein and soluble sugar content during the maturation process. Total phenolics and DPPH scavenging rate decreased, with NnPAL4 downregulation correlating with phenolics. The flavonoid content was highest in CS at milk ripening (S1) and TK at full ripening (S3), which was positively correlated with the expression patterns of NnF3H, NnANR and NnUGT88B1. As the maturity increased, the starch content increased, and the starch content of CS in S1-S3 was higher than that of TK. The expression levels of NnBGL18, NnGBE1 and NnSSI were upregulated and were positively correlated with starch accumulation. CS had a higher content of chlorogenic acid in phenolic compounds and catechins in flavonoids than TK, with gastrodin being the highest content of non-flavonoid compounds. The content of Neferine in CS at S4 and TK at S3 was the highest, corresponding to the most obvious bitterness in CS and TK.This study provided a theoretical basis for improving the quality of lotus seeds and post harvest deep processing.

研究了存三莲子（CS）和大港莲子（TK）不同成熟期营养物质和生物活性物质的动态变化。莲子的颜色随着成熟而加深。CS为纵向生长，TK为横向生长。在成熟过程中，CS和TK降低了VC含量，增加了可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量。总酚类物质和DPPH清除率下降，NnPAL4下调与酚类物质相关。黄酮类化合物含量以CS在乳熟期（S1）和TK在全熟期（S3）最高，与NnF3H、NnANR和nnut88b1的表达量呈正相关。随着成熟度的增加，淀粉含量逐渐增加，s1 ~ s3中CS的淀粉含量高于TK。NnBGL18、NnGBE1和NnSSI表达水平上调，且与淀粉积累呈正相关。黄酮类化合物中绿原酸含量和儿茶素含量均高于对照，而天麻素是非黄酮类化合物含量最高。在S4和S3阶段，CS和TK中碱的含量最高，对应于CS和TK中最明显的苦味。本研究为提高莲子品质和采后深加工提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing organic manure substitution in orchards: Meta-analysis reveals gains in productivity, fruit quality, and soil health and reduced nitrogen losses 优化果园有机肥替代：荟萃分析揭示了生产力，果实质量和土壤健康的收益，并减少了氮损失

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114630

Xinlu Bai , Yonghui Deng , Pan Yan , Jinhu Zhi , Qiangqing Zheng

The strategy of substituting organic manure for chemical fertilizer (SMCF) is a critical agricultural practice that influences orchard productivity, nitrogen (N) losses, and soil health. However, the effects of the SMCF strategy on fruit yield and quality, soil carbon (C) and N dynamics, and N losses are unclear. This study synthesized data from 76 studies (1261 datasets) to assess the effects of the SMCF strategy on orchard productivity, fruit quality, N losses, and soil health. The SMCF strategy significantly increased fruit yield by 12.0 % and single fruit weight by 3.8 % and enhanced fruit quality indicators, including soluble solids (+5.0 %), soluble sugars (+4.5 %), sugar–acid ratio (+12.4 %), and vitamin C (+5.2 %). The SMCF strategy reduced N losses by decreasing ammonia volatilization (−35.8 %), nitrous oxide emissions (−18.1 %), and nitrate accumulation (−29.8 %). Consequently, N use efficiency indicators (fruit yield per unit of N loss) significantly improved by 47.8, 30.1, and 42.0 % for NH₃, N₂O, and NO₃⁻ accumulation, respectively. Soil health markedly improved due to significant increases in the contents of organic C (13.1 %), dissolved organic C (48.5 %), microbial biomass C (61.3 %), and microbial biomass N (52.6 %). The effectiveness of SMCF was affected by the substitution rate, manure type, application duration, N input, initial soil organic C, pH, and climate. The application of plant- or animal-derived organic manure at a substitution rate of 25–50 % for over 2 years is recommended for optimizing yield, quality, and soil health and reducing N losses, especially in orchards with a low initial soil organic C content and high chemical N fertilizer inputs. These findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing the SMCF strategy to achieve productive and environmentally sustainable orchard management.

有机肥替代化肥是影响果园生产力、氮素流失和土壤健康的重要农业措施。然而，SMCF策略对果实产量和品质、土壤碳氮动态以及氮素损失的影响尚不清楚。本研究综合了76项研究（1261个数据集）的数据，评估了SMCF策略对果园生产力、果实质量、氮损失和土壤健康的影响。SMCF策略显著提高了果实产量12.0%，单果重3.8%，提高了果实品质指标，包括可溶性固形物（+ 5.0%）、可溶性糖（+ 4.5%）、糖酸比（+ 12.4%）和维生素C（+ 5.2%）。SMCF策略通过减少氨挥发（- 35.8%）、氧化亚氮排放（- 18.1%）和硝酸盐积累（- 29.8%）来减少N损失。因此，氮素利用效率指标（单位氮损失果实产量）在NH3、N2O和NO3−积累方面分别显著提高47.8%、30.1%和42.0%。土壤有机碳（13.1%）、溶解有机碳（48.5%）、微生物生物量碳（61.3%）和微生物生物量氮（52.6%）含量显著增加，土壤健康状况明显改善。SMCF的有效性受替代率、肥料类型、施用时间、N输入、初始土壤有机碳、pH和气候的影响。建议以25 - 50%的替代率施用植物或动物源性有机肥2年以上，以优化产量、质量和土壤健康，减少N损失，特别是在初始土壤有机碳含量低、化学氮投入高的果园。这些研究结果为优化SMCF策略以实现生产和环境可持续的果园管理提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Fruit quality, sugar-acid fractions, volatile aroma components, phenolic compounds of early fruit stage ‘Harlikar’ trees onto different dwarfing rootstocks 不同矮化砧木上早期“哈里卡”树果实品质、糖酸组分、挥发性香气成分、酚类化合物

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114639

Jiangtao Zhou, Deying Zhao, Yanhui Chen, Guodong Kang, Cungang Cheng

To identify dwarfing rootstocks that improve early-season fruit quality of ‘Harlikar’ apple under the cold climate of Northeast China, we monitored key quality attributes, primary metabolites, aroma volatiles and phenolics in 3-year-old trees grafted on five rootstocks. 62–396 produced the largest and most elongated fruit, whereas 60–160 conferred the greatest firmness, soluble solids content and titratable acidity. M9-T337 accumulated the highest fructose, while 62–396 led in malic acid. 60–160 fruit also contained the richest esters and total phenolics. A composite membership-function index ranked overall quality as Z3 > 62–396 > 60–160 > M9-T337 > JM7. Consequently, Z3 and 62–396 are recommended as the most suitable rootstocks for ‘Harlikar’ apple in cold regions.

为了鉴定在东北寒冷气候条件下矮化砧木对“哈里卡”苹果早季果实品质的改善作用，我们对嫁接在5个砧木上的3年生果树的主要品质属性、初级代谢物、香气挥发物和酚类物质进行了监测。62-396的果实最大、最长，而60-160的果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸度最高。M9-T337的果糖含量最高，而62-396的苹果酸含量最高。60 ~ 160个果实中酯类物质和总酚类物质含量最高。综合隶属函数指数将整体质量评为Z3 >； 62-396 > 60-160 > M9-T337 > JM7。因此，推荐Z3和62-396作为寒区“哈里卡”苹果最适宜的砧木。

引用次数: 0

Rapid and non-destructive determination of moisture and numbing substances in dried and fresh Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. fruit using NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics 干燥和新鲜花椒中水分和麻木物质的快速无损测定。利用近红外光谱和化学计量学

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114628

Yujie Qin , Xiaoyan Hou , Guanghui Shen , Qiang Cui , Jie Wang , Wen Hu , Guogang Fan , Shanbo Chen , Zhihua Li , Zhiqing Zhang

This study developed prediction models for moisture and numbing substance (hydroxy‑β-sanshool) content in both dried and fresh Z. bungeanum fruit using near-infrared spectroscopy technology. The results indicated that the determination coefficients (R_p²) for predicting moisture and numbing substances in both dried and fresh Z. bungeanum fruit were 0.9426, 0.6913, 0.6800, and 0.5978, respectively. The root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) were 0.2071, 6.6548, 0.5481, and 0.9149, and the residual predictive deviations (RPD) were 4.30, 1.80, 2.41, and 1.90, respectively. Among these, the moisture content model for dried Z. bungeanum demonstrated superior prediction ability, high stability, accuracy, and a high degree of fit, indicating its suitability for predicting moisture content in unknown samples. This study offers a technological foundation for the non-destructive, rapid, and eco-friendly assessment of key quality indicators in Z. bungeanum. It also provides technical support for standardizing quality grading, ensuring transparency in the trading process, and advancing the intellectualization of processing methods.

利用近红外光谱技术建立了干果和鲜果中水分和麻木物质（羟基β-三酚）含量的预测模型。结果表明，干果和鲜果中水分和麻木物质的测定系数（Rp2）分别为0.9426、0.6913、0.6800和0.5978。预测均方根误差（RMSEP）分别为0.2071、6.6548、0.5481、0.9149，残差预测偏差（RPD）分别为4.30、1.80、2.41、1.90。其中，干燥邦柴含水量模型预测能力强，稳定性、准确性高，拟合程度高，适用于未知样品的含水量预测。本研究为无害化、快速、生态友好地评价黄杨关键品质指标提供了技术基础。它还为标准化质量分级、确保交易过程的透明度、推进加工方式的智能化提供技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Micro-Mel and Mini-Mel short life cycle dwarf lines with Solanum anguivi introgressions as the first model varieties for eggplant research and breeding, with potential ornamental applications 以龙葵为蓝本的微-梅尔和迷你-梅尔短生命周期矮系作为茄子研究和育种的首批示范品种，具有潜在的观赏应用价值

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114621

Marina Martínez-López , Virginia Baraja-Fonseca , Edgar García-Fortea , Mariola Plazas , Santiago Vilanova , Jaime Prohens , Pietro Gramazio

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) research has been hindered by the lack of suitable model plants. The development of Micro-Mel and Mini-Mel, two short-cycle dwarf model lines with introgressions from the wild relative Solanum anguivi, represents a breakthrough in eggplant research. Both lines were characterized using 30 phenotypic descriptors and compared to their parental lines and Micro-Tom. Micro-Mel has determinate growth, early flowering (41.0 days post-transplantation), and physiological fruit maturity at 103.7 days. Mini-Mel is around 3 cm taller, with indeterminate growth, later flowering (57.2 days) and fruit maturity (114.7 days), with a more conventional architecture. Both are significantly shorter than other dwarf eggplants (30 cm at 50 days), reaching only 6.83 cm and 7.93 cm at 60 days. Micro-Mel and Mini-Mel complete three and two and a half full seed-to-seed cycles per year, respectively. Their compact size makes them ideal for space-limited environments, controlled growth chambers, speed breeding, and urban or ornamental horticulture. Whole-genome sequencing (23X coverage) identified 179,653 SNPs between the parental lines, revealing heterozygosity rates of 0.00098% (Micro-Mel) and 0.00123% (Mini-Mel). Micro-Mel and Mini-Mel have 8.50% and 10.79% of their genomes introgressed from S. anguivi, respectively, including 18 shared introgressions. Notably, three orthologues of dwarfism-related genes in tomato (SlDREB1, SlER, and SlSERK1) were identified within these introgressions. The compact, short-cycle nature of Micro-Mel and Mini-Mel accelerates breeding and supports research in genetics, physiology, and cultivar development, while their miniature stature and abundant flowering and fruiting confer them clear ornamental potential.

茄子（Solanum melongena）的研究一直受到缺乏合适模式植物的阻碍。从野生亲缘品种葵茄（Solanum anguivi）中获得两个短周期矮化株系Micro-Mel和Mini-Mel，是茄子研究的一个突破。利用30个表型描述符对这两个品系进行了特征分析，并将其亲本系和Micro-Tom进行了比较。Micro-Mel生长稳定，开花早（移植后41.0天），生理果实成熟103.7天。Mini-Mel高约3厘米，生长不确定，花期较晚（57.2天），果实成熟期较晚（114.7天），结构更传统。两者均明显短于其他矮茄子（50天30厘米），60天仅为6.83厘米和7.93厘米。Micro-Mel和Mini-Mel每年分别完成三个和两个半完整的种子到种子周期。它们紧凑的尺寸使它们非常适合空间有限的环境，受控的生长室，快速繁殖和城市或观赏园艺。全基因组测序（23X覆盖率）在亲本系之间鉴定出179,653个snp，显示杂合度为0.00098% （Micro-Mel）和0.00123% （Mini-Mel）。Micro-Mel和Mini-Mel分别有8.50%和10.79%的基因组从S. anguivi遗传渐渗，包括18个共享渐渗。值得注意的是，在这些基因渗入中发现了三个与番茄侏儒症相关的基因（SlDREB1、SlER和SlSERK1）。Micro-Mel和Mini-Mel紧凑、短周期的特性加速了育种，支持了遗传学、生理学和栽培发育的研究，而它们小巧的身材和丰富的开花和结果赋予了它们明显的观赏潜力。

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